{"id":119644,"date":"2026-10-30T03:00:52","date_gmt":"2026-10-29T19:00:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/119644.html"},"modified":"2026-10-30T03:00:52","modified_gmt":"2026-10-29T19:00:52","slug":"%e9%ab%98%e9%a2%91%e5%85%ab%e8%82%a1-%c2%b7-jvm%ef%bc%888%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/119644.html","title":{"rendered":"\u9ad8\u9891\u516b\u80a1 \u00b7 JVM\uff088\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u9ad8\u9891\u516b\u80a1 \u00b7 JVM（8）：\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u88ab\u5224"\u6b7b\u5211"\u7684？<\/h2>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570 vs \u53ef\u8fbe\u6027\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n

1.1 \u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570<\/h4>\n

\u601d\u8def：\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u6570\u5668，\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\u6211，\u8ba1\u6570\u5c31\u662f\u51e0，\u5f52\u96f6\u5373\u5783\u573e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f18\u70b9：\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b80\u5355，\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u597d，\u5f52\u96f6\u7acb\u523b\u80fd\u6536\u3002<\/p>\n

\u81f4\u547d\u7f3a\u70b9：\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

Node<\/span> a =<\/span> new<\/span> Node<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nNode<\/span> b =<\/span> new<\/span> Node<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\na.<\/span>next =<\/span> b;<\/span> \/\/ b \u7684\u8ba1\u6570 = 1<\/span>
\nb.<\/span>next =<\/span> a;<\/span> \/\/ a \u7684\u8ba1\u6570 = 1<\/span>
\na =<\/span> null<\/span>;<\/span>
\nb =<\/span> null<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u4e24\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u8ba1\u6570\u90fd\u8fd8\u662f 1，\u6c38\u8fdc\u6536\u4e0d\u6389<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5916\u9762\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0d\u5230\u5b83\u4eec\u4e86，\u4f46\u8ba1\u6570\u4e0d\u5f52\u96f6，\u6c38\u8fdc\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002\u6240\u4ee5 HotSpot \u6ca1\u7528\u5b83\u2014\u2014\u7528\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u7684\u662f Python\u3001ObjC（ARC \u662f\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u63d2\u6869，\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7ef4\u62a4）\u3002<\/p>\n

1.2 \u53ef\u8fbe\u6027\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n

\u601d\u8def：\u4ece\u4e00\u7ec4\u53eb GC Roots \u7684\u6839\u5bf9\u8c61\u51fa\u53d1，\u987a\u7740\u5f15\u7528\u94fe\u904d\u5386\u3002\u80fd\u8d70\u5230\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u6d3b\u7684，\u8d70\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5783\u573e\u3002<\/p>\n

GC Roots \u2500\u2500\u2192 A \u2500\u2500\u2192 B \u2500\u2500\u2192 C \u6d3b\u7740
\n \u2514\u2500\u2192 D<\/p>\n

E \u2500\u2500\u2192 F \u8c01\u90fd\u8d70\u4e0d\u5230 \u2192 \u5783\u573e<\/p>\n

\u5929\u7136\u514d\u75ab\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\u2014\u2014\u5224\u65ad\u4f9d\u636e\u662f"\u4ece\u6839\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d70\u5230"，\u4e0d\u662f"\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u4eba\u6307\u7740\u6211"\u3002<\/p>\n\n\u5bf9\u6bd4\u9879\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u53ef\u8fbe\u6027\u5206\u6790<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u4f9d\u636e<\/td>\n\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\u6211<\/td>\n\u4ece\u6839\u80fd\u5426\u8d70\u5230\u6211<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528<\/td>\n\u65e0\u6cd5\u56de\u6536<\/td>\n\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u65f6\u673a<\/td>\n\u5b9e\u65f6<\/td>\n\u9700\u8981 GC \u5468\u671f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u8c01\u5728\u7528<\/td>\nPython\u3001ObjC<\/td>\nHotSpot<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

1.3 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5fc5\u987b STW<\/h4>\n

\u904d\u5386\u5f15\u7528\u56fe\u65f6，\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8fd8\u5728\u6539\u5f15\u7528，\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u628a\u521a\u6302\u5230\u6839\u4e0a\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u8bef\u5224\u4e3a\u6b7b，\u76f4\u63a5\u8bef\u6740\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u904d\u5386\u671f\u95f4\u5fc5\u987b\u51bb\u7ed3\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6682\u505c\u5c31\u662f STW\u3002\u540e\u9762\u6240\u6709\u56de\u6536\u5668\u7684\u6f14\u8fdb，\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u90fd\u5728\u538b\u77ed\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001GC Roots \u6709\u54ea\u51e0\u7c7b<\/h3>\n

\u6839\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u4e0d\u662f"\u91cd\u8981"，\u800c\u662f"\u5b83\u7684\u5b58\u6d3b\u4e0d\u7531 GC \u51b3\u5b9a"\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u5728\u6808\u4e0a\u6216\u7c7b\u7ea7\u522b，GC \u7ba1\u4e0d\u7740，\u53ea\u80fd\u5f53\u8d77\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\u6839\u7c7b\u578b\u5177\u4f53\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7531\u8c01\u51b3\u5b9a<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u865a\u62df\u673a\u6808<\/td>\n\u6b63\u5728\u6267\u884c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u53c2\u6570<\/td>\n\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5426\u8fd4\u56de<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf<\/td>\nstatic \u5b57\u6bb5\u6307\u5411\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61<\/td>\n\u7c7b\u662f\u5426\u5378\u8f7d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5e38\u91cf<\/td>\nstatic final\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5e38\u91cf\u6c60\u7684\u5f15\u7528<\/td>\n\u7c7b\u662f\u5426\u5378\u8f7d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
JNI \u5f15\u7528<\/td>\nnative \u65b9\u6cd5\u6301\u6709\u7684 Java \u5bf9\u8c61<\/td>\nnative \u8c03\u7528\u662f\u5426\u7ed3\u675f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u8865\u5145\u6e05\u5355（\u300a\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3 Java \u865a\u62df\u673a\u300b\u91cc\u7684，\u7b54\u9898\u65f6\u80fd\u52a0\u5206）：\u7cfb\u7edf\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684 Class \u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u5e38\u9a7b\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61（\u5982 NPE\u3001OOM \u9884\u521b\u5efa）\u3001\u88ab\u540c\u6b65\u9501\u6301\u6709\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001JMXBean \/ JVMTI \u56de\u8c03\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b9e\u7528\u5224\u65ad\u6cd5：\u95ee\u4e00\u53e5"\u662f\u8c01\u5728\u5f15\u7528\u5b83"\u2014\u2014\u5f15\u7528\u8005\u662f\u6808\u4e0a\u7684\u53d8\u91cf，\u5b83\u5c31\u662f\u6839；\u662f\u5806\u91cc\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61，\u5c31\u7ee7\u7eed\u5f80\u4e0a\u8ffd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe \u2260 \u7acb\u523b\u6b7b：\u4e24\u6b21\u6807\u8bb0<\/h3>\n

\u5bf9\u8c61\u88ab\u5224\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u540e，\u8fd8\u8981\u8fc7\u4e00\u6b21\u5ba1\u5224：<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe \u2192 \u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6807\u8bb0
\n \u2193
\n \u6709 finalize() \u4e14\u4ece\u672a\u6267\u884c\u8fc7？
\n \u251c\u2500 \u5426 \u2192 \u76f4\u63a5\u56de\u6536
\n \u2514\u2500 \u662f \u2192 \u8fdb F-Queue，\u6267\u884c finalize()
\n \u251c\u2500 \u91cd\u65b0\u8fde\u4e0a\u5f15\u7528\u94fe \u2192 \u9003\u8131
\n \u2514\u2500 \u6ca1\u8fde\u4e0a \u2192 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u6807\u8bb0 \u2192 \u56de\u6536<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u4e2a\u8981\u70b9：\u53ea\u6709\u91cd\u5199\u4e86 finalize() \u4e14\u6ca1\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u624d\u6709\u8d44\u683c\u8fdb F-Queue；\u5b83\u53ea\u4f1a\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21；\u6267\u884c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u5f88\u4f4e，\u4e0d\u4fdd\u8bc1\u53ca\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n

public<\/span> class<\/span> SaveMe<\/span> {<\/span>
\n static<\/span> SaveMe<\/span> SAVE_ME<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

@Override<\/span>
\n protected<\/span> void<\/span> finalize<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n SAVE_ME<\/span> =<\/span> this<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u91cd\u65b0\u6302\u56de\u5f15\u7528\u94fe<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

public<\/span> static<\/span> void<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span>[<\/span>]<\/span> args)<\/span> throws<\/span> Exception<\/span> {<\/span>
\n SAVE_ME<\/span> =<\/span> new<\/span> SaveMe<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n SAVE_ME<\/span> =<\/span> null<\/span>;<\/span>
\n System<\/span>.<\/span>gc<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> Thread<\/span>.<\/span>sleep<\/span>(<\/span>500<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n System<\/span>.<\/span>out.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>SAVE_ME<\/span> ==<\/span> null<\/span> ?<\/span> "\u6b7b\u4e86"<\/span> :<\/span> "\u6d3b\u4e86"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u6d3b\u4e86<\/span><\/p>\n

SAVE_ME<\/span> =<\/span> null<\/span>;<\/span>
\n System<\/span>.<\/span>gc<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> Thread<\/span>.<\/span>sleep<\/span>(<\/span>500<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n System<\/span>.<\/span>out.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>SAVE_ME<\/span> ==<\/span> null<\/span> ?<\/span> "\u6b7b\u4e86"<\/span> :<\/span> "\u6d3b\u4e86"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u6b7b\u4e86<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6d3b，\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u6b7b\u2014\u2014\u56e0\u4e3a finalize() \u53ea\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21，\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8fc7 F-Queue\u3002<\/p>\n

3.1 finalize \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u88ab\u5e9f\u5f03<\/h4>\n

\u4e09\u4e2a\u7406\u7531：\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u673a\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u3001\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u62d6\u6162 GC\u3001\u5f02\u5e38\u88ab\u541e\u6389\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n
  • JDK 9 \u6807\u8bb0 @Deprecated；JDK 18 \u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a deprecated for removal（JEP 421）\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848：\u5173\u8d44\u6e90\u7528 try-with-resources，\u56de\u6536\u65f6\u6e05\u7406\u672c\u5730\u8d44\u6e90\u7528 java.lang.ref.Cleaner\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f"\u865a\u5f15\u7528 + \u5f15\u7528\u961f\u5217"\u7684\u5c01\u88c5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u56db\u3001\u56db\u79cd\u5f15\u7528：GC \u8ba4\u4e0d\u8ba4\u8fd9\u6761\u8fb9<\/h3>\n

    \u5f15\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u91cc\u5b58\u653e\u5bf9\u8c61\u5730\u5740\u7684\u90a3\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282，\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u6808\u5e27\u69fd\u4f4d\u6216\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b57\u6bb5\u91cc\u3002\u8f6f\u3001\u5f31\u3001\u865a\u5f15\u7528\u5219\u662f\u5806\u91cc\u7684\u5305\u88c5\u5bf9\u8c61（Reference \u5b50\u7c7b），\u5185\u90e8 referent \u5b57\u6bb5\u6307\u5411\u76ee\u6807，JVM \u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7279\u6b8a\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n\n\u7c7b\u578bget()GC \u662f\u5426\u8ba4\u53ef\u8fd9\u6761\u8fb9\u56de\u6536\u65f6\u673a<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u5f3a\u5f15\u7528<\/td>\n\u5bf9\u8c61<\/td>\n\u8ba4\u53ef<\/td>\n\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u540e\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21 GC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    SoftReference<\/td>\n\u5bf9\u8c61\u6216 null<\/td>\n\u5185\u5b58\u591f\u65f6\u8ba4\u53ef，\u4e0d\u591f\u65f6\u4e0d\u8ba4\u53ef<\/td>\n\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\u65f6\u7684 GC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    WeakReference<\/td>\n\u5bf9\u8c61\u6216 null<\/td>\n\u4ece\u4e0d\u8ba4\u53ef<\/td>\n\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21 GC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    PhantomReference<\/td>\n\u6c38\u8fdc null<\/td>\n\u4ece\u4e0d\u8ba4\u53ef，\u56de\u6536\u540e\u5165\u961f<\/td>\n\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21 GC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u56db\u79cd\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u533a\u522b，\u5728\u4e8e GC \u8ba4\u4e0d\u8ba4\u8fd9\u6761\u5f15\u7528\u8fb9\u3002<\/p>\n

    4.1 \u5f3a\u5f15\u7528：\u5b81\u53ef OOM \u4e5f\u4e0d\u6536<\/h4>\n

    Object<\/span> o =<\/span> new<\/span> Object<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u53ea\u8981\u8fd9\u6761\u94fe\u8fd8\u5728，\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u591f\u4e86\u4e5f\u5b81\u53ef\u629b OOM\u3002\u6240\u8c13"\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f"，\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u4e34\u65f6\u5bf9\u8c61\u88ab\u4e00\u6761\u5f3a\u5f15\u7528\u94fe\u6084\u6084\u62f4\u4f4f\u4e86\u2014\u2014\u9759\u6001\u96c6\u5408\u3001\u7f13\u5b58 Map\u3001\u6ca1 remove() \u7684 ThreadLocal，\u90fd\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5957\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n

    4.2 \u8f6f\u5f15\u7528：\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u591f\u624d\u6536<\/h4>\n

    SoftReference<\/span><<\/span>byte<\/span>[<\/span>]<\/span>><\/span> ref =<\/span> new<\/span> SoftReference<\/span><<\/span>><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>new<\/span> byte<\/span>[<\/span>10<\/span> *<\/span> 1024<\/span> *<\/span> 1024<\/span>]<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nbyte<\/span>[<\/span>]<\/span> data =<\/span> ref.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u5185\u5b58\u591f \u2192 \u62ff\u5230；\u4e0d\u591f \u2192 null<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u8bbe\u8ba1\u610f\u56fe\u662f\u505a\u7f13\u5b58\u3002\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u522b\u8fd9\u4e48\u5199：<\/p>\n

  • \u56de\u6536\u7b56\u7565\u4e0d\u53d7\u4f60\u63a7\u5236\u3002HotSpot \u6309"\u7a7a\u95f2\u5806 \u00d7 -XX:SoftRefLRUPolicyMSPerMB"（\u9ed8\u8ba4 1000，\u5373\u6bcf MB \u7a7a\u95f2\u5806\u6362 1 \u79d2）\u7b97\u5b58\u6d3b\u65f6\u95f4，\u4e00\u6b21 Full GC \u540e\u7a7a\u95f2\u5806\u53d8\u5c0f，\u7f13\u5b58\u4f1a\u6210\u7247\u6d88\u5931；<\/li>\n
  • \u4f60\u60f3\u6309 LRU \u6dd8\u6c70\u70ed\u70b9，\u5b83\u6309\u5185\u5b58\u6c34\u4f4d\u4e00\u628a\u6e05\u7a7a\u3002<\/li>\n

    \u4e1a\u52a1\u7f13\u5b58\u8001\u5b9e\u7528 Caffeine \/ Guava（\u5f3a\u5f15\u7528 + \u5bb9\u91cf\u6dd8\u6c70）\u3002<\/p>\n

    4.3 \u5f31\u5f15\u7528：\u4e0b\u6b21 GC \u5fc5\u6536<\/h4>\n

    \u4e0d\u7ba1\u5185\u5b58\u591f\u4e0d\u591f，\u53ea\u8981 GC \u5c31\u56de\u6536\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u6700\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u662f ThreadLocal \u7684 Entry：<\/p>\n

    static<\/span> class<\/span> Entry<\/span> extends<\/span> WeakReference<\/span><<\/span>ThreadLocal<\/span><<\/span>?<\/span>><\/span>><\/span><\/span> {<\/span>
    \n Object<\/span> value;<\/span><\/p>\n

    Entry<\/span>(<\/span>ThreadLocal<\/span><<\/span>?<\/span>><\/span><\/span> k,<\/span> Object<\/span> v)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n super<\/span>(<\/span>k)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ key \u5f31\u5f15\u7528<\/span>
    \n value =<\/span> v;<\/span> \/\/ value \u5f3a\u5f15\u7528<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7528\u5f31\u5f15\u7528：ThreadLocal \u5bf9\u8c61\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684 ThreadLocalMap \u6301\u6709，\u5982\u679c key \u662f\u5f3a\u5f15\u7528，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0d\u6b7b\u5b83\u5c31\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u56de\u6536\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4f46\u5f31\u5f15\u7528\u5e26\u6765\u65b0\u95ee\u9898：key \u88ab\u56de\u6536\u540e\u53d8\u6210 null，value \u8fd8\u662f\u5f3a\u5f15\u7528，\u8fd9\u6761 Entry \u53d8\u6210 key=null \u7684\u810f Entry，\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0d\u5230\u5374\u5360\u7740\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5b8c\u6574\u56e0\u679c\u94fe：key \u5f31\u5f15\u7528\u88ab\u56de\u6536 \u2192 \u7559\u4e0b null key \u7684 Entry \u2192 value \u5f3a\u5f15\u7528\u65e0\u6cd5\u91ca\u653e \u2192 \u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002
    \n\u6240\u4ee5 ThreadLocal \u7528\u5b8c\u5fc5\u987b remove()；\u6e90\u7801\u91cc set\/get\/remove \u4f1a\u987a\u624b\u6e05\u4e00\u90e8\u5206，\u4f46\u4e0d\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6e05\u5e72\u51c0\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6cd5：WeakHashMap\u3001Guava \u7684 weakKeys()\u3001\u5404\u79cd\u76d1\u542c\u5668\u6ce8\u518c\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n

    4.4 \u865a\u5f15\u7528：\u53ea\u4e3a"\u6536\u5c38\u901a\u77e5"<\/h4>\n

    \u4e09\u4e2a\u7279\u70b9：get() \u6c38\u8fdc\u8fd4\u56de null；\u5fc5\u987b\u914d\u5408 ReferenceQueue；\u552f\u4e00\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5bf9\u8c61\u88ab\u56de\u6536\u65f6\u6536\u5230\u901a\u77e5\u3002<\/p>\n

    ReferenceQueue<\/span><<\/span>Object<\/span>><\/span><\/span> queue =<\/span> new<\/span> ReferenceQueue<\/span><<\/span>><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nPhantomReference<\/span><<\/span>Object<\/span>><\/span><\/span> ref =<\/span> new<\/span> PhantomReference<\/span><<\/span>><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>new<\/span> Object<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span> queue)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nSystem<\/span>.<\/span>gc<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nqueue.<\/span>remove<\/span>(<\/span>1000<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u6536\u5230\u901a\u77e5<\/span>
    \nref.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u6c38\u8fdc null<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5178\u578b\u573a\u666f：DirectByteBuffer \u56de\u6536\u5806\u5916\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n

    allocateDirect() \u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u5728\u5806\u91cc，GC \u7ba1\u4e0d\u7740\u3002JDK \u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u6302\u4e00\u4e2a Cleaner（PhantomReference \u7684\u5b50\u7c7b），\u7b49 DirectByteBuffer \u5bf9\u8c61\u88ab\u56de\u6536\u65f6\u865a\u5f15\u7528\u5165\u961f，Cleaner \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6536\u5230\u901a\u77e5，\u8c03\u7528 Unsafe.freeMemory() \u628a\u5806\u5916\u5185\u5b58\u8fd8\u56de\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u4e5f\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86"\u5806\u5185\u5b58\u5f88\u5065\u5eb7，\u4f46\u8fdb\u7a0b RSS \u4e00\u76f4\u6da8"\u2014\u2014\u5806\u5916\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u91ca\u653e\u4f9d\u8d56 GC \u89e6\u53d1，\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0d\u6536，\u5806\u5916\u5c31\u4e0d\u8fd8\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e94\u3001\u4e24\u4e2a\u5bb9\u6613\u7b54\u9519\u7684\u7ec6\u8282<\/h3>\n

    1. "\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe"\u548c"\u88ab\u56de\u6536"\u4e0d\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u3002 \u5224\u65ad\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u53ea\u5728 GC \u8dd1\u53ef\u8fbe\u6027\u5206\u6790\u65f6\u624d\u505a，\u6240\u4ee5\u4ece"\u6ca1\u4eba\u5f15\u7528"\u5230"\u771f\u6b63\u56de\u6536"\u4e2d\u95f4\u81f3\u5c11\u9694\u7740\u4e00\u6b21 GC；\u8f6f\/\u5f31\/\u865a\u5f15\u7528\u5168\u90fd\u662f"\u4e0b\u6b21 GC \u624d\u56de\u6536"\u3002<\/p>\n

    2. \u5f15\u7528\u961f\u5217\u662f"\u88ab\u52a8\u901a\u77e5"，get() \u662f"\u4e3b\u52a8\u67e5\u8be2"\u3002 \u5bf9\u8c61\u88ab\u56de\u6536\u65f6，JVM \u628a Reference \u5bf9\u8c61\u672c\u8eab\u585e\u8fdb\u961f\u5217\u3002\u865a\u5f15\u7528 get() \u6c38\u8fdc null，\u53ea\u80fd\u9760\u961f\u5217；WeakHashMap \u4e5f\u662f\u9760\u961f\u5217\u77e5\u9053"\u54ea\u6761 Entry \u8be5\u5220\u4e86"\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u6240\u4ee5"\u5f31\u5f15\u7528\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6e05\u7406"\u8fd9\u8bdd\u4e0d\u51c6\u786e\u2014\u2014\u5f31\u5f15\u7528\u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u8ba9 key \u53d8 null，\u6e05\u7406\u52a8\u4f5c\u662f WeakHashMap \u81ea\u5df1\u505a\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u52a0\u5206\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u516d\u3001\u9ad8\u9891\u9762\u8bd5\u9898\u901f\u7b54<\/h3>\n

    Q1：\u600e\u4e48\u5224\u65ad\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u5783\u573e？
    \n\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570（\u5f52\u96f6\u5373\u5783\u573e）\u548c\u53ef\u8fbe\u6027\u5206\u6790（\u4ece GC Roots \u8d70\u4e0d\u5230\u5373\u5783\u573e）\u3002HotSpot \u7528\u540e\u8005，\u56e0\u4e3a\u524d\u8005\u89e3\u51b3\u4e0d\u4e86\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

    Q2：GC Roots \u6709\u54ea\u51e0\u7c7b？
    \n\u865a\u62df\u673a\u6808\u4e2d\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5e38\u91cf\u3001JNI \u5f15\u7528\u3002\u6269\u5c55\u8fd8\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668\u7684 Class \u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u5e38\u9a7b\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u540c\u6b65\u9501\u6301\u6709\u5bf9\u8c61\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

    Q3：\u53ef\u8fbe\u6027\u5206\u6790\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981 STW？
    \n\u904d\u5386\u671f\u95f4\u7528\u6237\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6539\u5f15\u7528，\u53ef\u80fd\u628a\u6d3b\u5bf9\u8c61\u8bef\u5224\u4e3a\u6b7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u800c\u8bef\u6740，\u6240\u4ee5\u5fc5\u987b\u51bb\u7ed3\u5f15\u7528\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n

    Q4：\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u4e00\u5b9a\u88ab\u56de\u6536\u5417？
    \n\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u3002\u91cd\u5199\u4e86 finalize() \u4e14\u6ca1\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7684\u4f1a\u8fdb F-Queue，\u80fd\u91cd\u65b0\u8fde\u4e0a\u5f15\u7528\u94fe\u5c31\u6d3b\u4e0b\u6765；\u5426\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u56de\u6536\u3002<\/p>\n

    Q5：finalize \u80fd\u6551\u51e0\u6b21？
    \n\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u5b83\u53ea\u4f1a\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21，\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u56de\u6536\u3002<\/p>\n

    Q6：\u56db\u79cd\u5f15\u7528\u533a\u522b？
    \n\u5f3a\u5f15\u7528\u6c38\u4e0d\u56de\u6536（\u5b81\u53ef OOM）；\u8f6f\u5f15\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\u65f6\u56de\u6536；\u5f31\u5f15\u7528\u4e0b\u6b21 GC \u5fc5\u56de\u6536；\u865a\u5f15\u7528\u53ea\u7528\u4e8e\u56de\u6536\u901a\u77e5，get() \u6c38\u8fdc null\u3002<\/p>\n

    Q7：ThreadLocal \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f？
    \nEntry \u7684 key \u662f\u5f31\u5f15\u7528\u3001value \u662f\u5f3a\u5f15\u7528\u3002key \u88ab\u56de\u6536\u540e\u53d8 null，value \u4ecd\u88ab\u5f3a\u5f15\u7528，\u5f62\u6210\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0d\u5230\u4e5f\u91ca\u653e\u4e0d\u4e86\u7684\u810f Entry\u3002\u7528\u5b8c\u8981 remove()\u3002<\/p>\n

    Q8：\u865a\u5f15\u7528\u80fd\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48？
    \n\u53ea\u505a"\u56de\u6536\u901a\u77e5"\u3002\u5178\u578b\u662f DirectByteBuffer \u901a\u8fc7 Cleaner \u91ca\u653e\u5806\u5916\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e03\u3001\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n

    HotSpot \u7528\u53ef\u8fbe\u6027\u5206\u6790\u5224\u6b7b，\u4ece GC Roots \u8d70\u4e0d\u5230\u5c31\u662f\u5783\u573e；\u4f46"\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe"\u53ea\u662f"\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b7b\u4e86"，\u8fd8\u8981\u8fc7 finalize \u8fd9\u4e00\u5173，\u800c\u4e14\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u6b21\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u56db\u79cd\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u533a\u522b，\u672c\u8d28\u662f GC \u8ba4\u4e0d\u8ba4\u8fd9\u6761\u5f15\u7528\u8fb9\u2014\u2014\u5f3a\u5f15\u7528\u6c38\u4e0d\u653e\u624b，\u8f6f\u5f15\u7528\u770b\u5185\u5b58\u8138\u8272，\u5f31\u5f15\u7528\u4e0b\u6b21 GC \u5c31\u8d70，\u865a\u5f15\u7528\u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u53d1\u8ba3\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e0b\u4e00\u671f\u8bb2\u56de\u6536\u7684"\u624b\u6cd5"：\u4e09\u79cd\u56de\u6536\u7b97\u6cd5\u600e\u4e48\u53d6\u820d\u30018:1:1 \u5230\u5e95\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u6765\u7684\u3001\u8de8\u4ee3\u5f15\u7528\u600e\u4e48\u7528\u5361\u8868 + \u5199\u5c4f\u969c\u89e3\u51b3，\u987a\u5e26\u628a\u4e09\u8272\u6807\u8bb0\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u95ee\u9898\u8bb2\u6e05\u695a\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    （\u672c\u7cfb\u5217\u6301\u7eed\u66f4\u65b0\u4e2d，\u5171 10 \u671f，\u656c\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8～）<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u9ad8\u9891\u516b\u80a1 \u00b7 JVM（8）：\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u88ab\u5224\\”\u6b7b\u5211\\”\u7684？
    \n\u4e00\u3001\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570 vs \u53ef\u8fbe\u6027\u5206\u6790
    \n1.1 \u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570
    \n\u601d\u8def：\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u6570\u5668，\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\u6211，\u8ba1\u6570\u5c31\u662f\u51e0，\u5f52\u96f6\u5373\u5783\u573e\u3002
    \n\u4f18\u70b9：\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b80\u5355，\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u597d，\u5f52\u96f6\u7acb\u523b\u80fd\u6536\u3002
    \n\u81f4\u547d\u7f3a\u70b9：\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\u3002
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