{"id":118851,"date":"2026-10-28T07:40:24","date_gmt":"2026-10-27T23:40:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/118851.html"},"modified":"2026-10-28T07:40:24","modified_gmt":"2026-10-27T23:40:24","slug":"%e3%80%90%e9%ab%98%e9%a2%91%e5%9c%ba%e6%99%af%e9%a2%98%e7%b3%bb%e5%88%97%e3%80%91-%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1%e7%99%be%e4%b8%87%e5%b9%b6%e5%8f%91-web-%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/118851.html","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u9ad8\u9891\u573a\u666f\u9898\u7cfb\u5217\u3011| \u5982\u4f55\u8bbe\u8ba1\u767e\u4e07\u5e76\u53d1 Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&#x1f44b; \u5173\u4e8e\u4f5c\u8005<\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u597d&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u6ce5\u61a8\u9c7c\u3000|\u3000\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e \u540e\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u3001AI \u524d\u6cbf\u6280\u672f\u4e0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u57fa\u7840 \u3002<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/20261027234022-6ae13666a61e0.gif\" alt=\"\u8bf7\u6dfb\u52a0\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><br \/>\n\u8fd9\u9053\u9898\u5728\u540e\u7aef\u9762\u8bd5\u91cc\u51fa\u73b0\u9891\u7387\u5f88\u9ad8\u3002\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u95ee\u7684\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u600e\u4e48\u8bbe\u8ba1&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u9645\u8003\u7684\u662f\u4f60\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u3001\u7f13\u5b58\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u67b6\u6784\u4e32\u6210\u4e00\u6761\u7ebf&#xff0c;\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ad9\u5f97\u4f4f\u811a\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\u8981\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u4e2a Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;\u8981\u6c42\u652f\u6301 100 \u4e07\u5e76\u53d1\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u4f60\u4f1a\u600e\u4e48\u8bbe\u8ba1&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e0a\u6765\u5c31\u662f Nginx \u96c6\u7fa4\u3001Redis \u7f13\u5b58\u3001MySQL \u5206\u5e93\u5206\u8868&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u65b9\u5927\u6982\u7387\u4f1a\u63a5\u7740\u8ffd\u95ee&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f60\u8bf4\u7684\u767e\u4e07\u5e76\u53d1&#xff0c;\u662f 100 \u4e07\u6761 TCP \u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u662f\u6bcf\u79d2 100 \u4e07\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>\u4e00\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u80fd\u627f\u8f7d\u591a\u5c11\u8fde\u63a5&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>\u4f20\u7edf BIO \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u625b\u4e0d\u4f4f\u5927\u91cf\u8fde\u63a5&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>Netty \u51ed\u4ec0\u4e48\u652f\u6301\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>100 \u4e07\u8fde\u63a5\u8981\u5403\u6389\u591a\u5c11\u5185\u5b58&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>\u8bf7\u6c42\u7a81\u7136\u66b4\u589e&#xff0c;\u7cfb\u7edf\u600e\u4e48\u4fdd\u62a4\u81ea\u5df1&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u600e\u4e48\u624d\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u538b\u57ae&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b&#xff1a;\u7b54\u9898\u8981\u4ece\u5bb9\u91cf\u4f30\u7b97\u51fa\u53d1&#xff0c;\u9010\u5c42\u627e\u74f6\u9888&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u628a\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u540d\u8bcd\u6392\u4e00\u904d\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e00\u3001\u5148\u754c\u5b9a&#xff1a;\u767e\u4e07\u5e76\u53d1\u5230\u5e95\u6307\u4ec0\u4e48<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e09\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u6df7\u7740\u7528&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u6307\u6807\u542b\u4e49\u793a\u4f8b<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5e76\u53d1\u8fde\u63a5\u6570<\/td>\n<td>\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u4fdd\u6301\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6570\u91cf<\/td>\n<td>100 \u4e07\u4e2a WebSocket \u8fde\u63a5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>QPS<\/td>\n<td>\u6bcf\u79d2\u5904\u7406\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u6216\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u91cf<\/td>\n<td>\u6bcf\u79d2 10 \u4e07\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>TPS<\/td>\n<td>\u6bcf\u79d2\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\u6570\u91cf<\/td>\n<td>\u6bcf\u79d2 1 \u4e07\u7b14\u8ba2\u5355\u4e8b\u52a1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u4e09\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u6362\u7b97\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3e\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7684&#xff1a;\u4e00\u4e2a WebSocket \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6302\u7740 100 \u4e07\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5e73\u5747 60 \u79d2\u53d1\u4e00\u6761\u6d88\u606f&#xff0c;\u5e73\u5747\u6d88\u606f\u901f\u7387\u662f<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex--display\"><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">QPS&#061;1,000,00060\u224816,667<br \/>\nQPS&#061;\\\\frac{1,000,000}{60}\\\\approx 16,667<br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.8778em;vertical-align: -0.1944em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right: 0.1389em\">QP<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right: 0.0576em\">S<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 2.0074em;vertical-align: -0.686em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mopen nulldelimiter\"><\/span><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height: 1.3214em\"><span class=\"\" style=\"top: -2.314em\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height: 3em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">60<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"\" style=\"top: -3.23em\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height: 3em\"><\/span><span class=\"frac-line\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.04em\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"\" style=\"top: -3.677em\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height: 3em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.1667em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">000<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.1667em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">000<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height: 0.686em\"><span class=\"\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose nulldelimiter\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2248<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.8389em;vertical-align: -0.1944em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">16<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.1667em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">667<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u770b\u7740\u5413\u4eba&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u9645\u6bcf\u79d2\u53ea\u6709\u5927\u7ea6 1.67 \u4e07\u6761\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6d88\u606f\u3002\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765&#xff0c;1 \u4e07\u4e2a\u5e76\u53d1\u8fde\u63a5\u5982\u679c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u90fd\u5728\u9ad8\u9891\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42&#xff0c;\u538b\u529b\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u80fd\u628a\u5355\u673a\u6253\u6ee1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u5f00\u573a\u5148\u8ddf\u9762\u8bd5\u5b98\u5bf9\u9f50\u6761\u4ef6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u662f\u767e\u4e07\u957f\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u662f\u767e\u4e07\u7ea7\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u53d1&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>\u662f HTTP \u77ed\u8fde\u63a5\u3001HTTP Keep-Alive&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u662f WebSocket \u957f\u8fde\u63a5&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>\u6bcf\u79d2\u8bf7\u6c42\u91cf\u5927\u6982\u591a\u5c11&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u9700\u8981\u6d88\u8017\u591a\u5c11 CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8d44\u6e90&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u8981\u6c42\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982 P99 \u5ef6\u8fdf\u4f4e\u4e8e 200 ms&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>\u8981\u4e0d\u8981\u8de8\u673a\u623f\u5bb9\u707e&#xff0c;\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u76ee\u6807\u51e0\u7ea7&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<p>\u5bf9\u65b9\u4e0d\u8865\u5145&#xff0c;\u5c31\u81ea\u5df1\u7ed9\u51fa\u5408\u7406\u5047\u8bbe\u518d\u5f80\u4e0b\u63a8\u3002\u540e\u9762\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf&#xff0c;\u6309\u4e24\u4e2a\u573a\u666f\u5206\u6790&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u573a\u666f A&#xff1a;\u767e\u4e07 HTTP \u5e76\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u573a\u666f B&#xff1a;\u767e\u4e07 WebSocket \u957f\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u7f51\u7edc\u6280\u672f\u76f8\u901a&#xff0c;\u5bb9\u91cf\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u5dee\u522b\u4e0d\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u6574\u4f53\u67b6\u6784<\/h3>\n<p>\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u67b6\u6784\u5927\u81f4\u957f\u8fd9\u6837&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>                  \u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42<br \/>\n                     |<br \/>\n                     v<br \/>\n             DNS \/ CDN \/ WAF<br \/>\n                     |<br \/>\n                     v<br \/>\n              \u56db\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861<br \/>\n             (L4 Load Balancer)<br \/>\n                     |<br \/>\n          &#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-&#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-&#043;<br \/>\n          |          |          |<br \/>\n          v          v          v<br \/>\n      Nginx\u8282\u70b91  Nginx\u8282\u70b92  Nginx\u8282\u70b9N<br \/>\n          |          |          |<br \/>\n          &#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-&#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-&#043;<br \/>\n                     |<br \/>\n                     v<br \/>\n             \u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u96c6\u7fa4<br \/>\n          &#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-&#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-&#043;<br \/>\n          |          |          |<br \/>\n          v          v          v<br \/>\n       Java\u670d\u52a11  Java\u670d\u52a12  Java\u670d\u52a1N<br \/>\n          |          |          |<br \/>\n          &#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-&#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-&#043;<br \/>\n                     |<br \/>\n          &#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-&#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-&#043;<br \/>\n          |          |          |<br \/>\n          v          v          v<br \/>\n        Redis      \u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217     MySQL<br \/>\n        \u96c6\u7fa4        \u96c6\u7fa4        \u96c6\u7fa4<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u903b\u8f91\u89c6\u56fe&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u5f97\u7a7f\u900f\u6240\u6709\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002\u9759\u6001\u8d44\u6e90\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u7531 CDN \u8fd4\u56de&#xff0c;WebSocket \u8fde\u63a5\u4ea4\u7ed9\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u7f51\u5173\u96c6\u7fa4\u7ef4\u62a4&#xff0c;\u70ed\u70b9\u6570\u636e\u7531\u7f13\u5b58\u6321\u5728\u524d\u9762&#xff0c;\u80fd\u5f02\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5148\u4e22\u8fdb\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217&#xff0c;\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u538b\u529b\u5927\u5c31\u505a\u8bfb\u5199\u5206\u79bb\u6216\u8005\u5206\u5e93\u5206\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6574\u5957\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u5206\u5de5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u6982\u62ec&#xff1a;\u5165\u53e3\u5c42\u7ba1\u63a5\u5165&#xff0c;\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u7ba1\u4e1a\u52a1&#xff0c;\u7f13\u5b58\u548c\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u5206\u62c5\u538b\u529b&#xff0c;\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u53ea\u505a\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8fc7\u67b6\u6784\u56fe\u753b\u5f97\u518d\u6f02\u4eae\u4e5f\u6ca1\u7528\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u51b3\u5b9a\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u625b\u4f4f\u767e\u4e07\u5e76\u53d1\u7684&#xff0c;\u662f\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5177\u4f53\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e09\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u5165\u5c42\u5982\u4f55\u627f\u8f7d\u767e\u4e07\u8fde\u63a5<\/h3>\n<p>\u5148\u5047\u8bbe\u771f\u6709 100 \u4e07\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u540c\u65f6\u8fde\u8fdb\u6765\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\u540e&#xff0c;\u5185\u6838\u90fd\u8981\u7ef4\u62a4\u72b6\u6001&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u72b6\u6001<\/li>\n<li>Socket \u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26<\/li>\n<li>\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u548c\u53d1\u9001\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/li>\n<li>\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u548c\u8d85\u65f6\u5904\u7406<\/li>\n<li>\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7a0b\u5e8f\u91cc\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5bf9\u8c61<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u767e\u4e07\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0d\u662f\u8ba9\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5faa\u73af 100 \u4e07\u6b21\u90a3\u4e48\u7b80\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>3.1 BIO \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6491\u4e0d\u4f4f<\/h4>\n<p>\u4f20\u7edf Java BIO \u957f\u8fd9\u6837&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">ServerSocket<\/span> serverSocket <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ServerSocket<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">8080<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">while<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token boolean\">true<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">Socket<\/span> socket <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> serverSocket<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">accept<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Thread<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">try<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token function\">handleRequest<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>socket<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">catch<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Exception<\/span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            e<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">printStackTrace<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">start<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6d41\u7a0b\u5f88\u76f4\u767d&#xff1a;\u7b49\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u8fdb\u6765&#xff0c;\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u5728\u7ebf\u7a0b\u91cc\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u4f1a\u8ddf\u7740\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u4e00\u8d77\u6da8\u3002100 \u4e07\u8fde\u63a5\u5bf9\u5e94 100 \u4e07\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u5149\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6808\u3001\u8c03\u5ea6\u548c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u5c31\u591f\u545b&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u65f6\u95f4\u90fd\u5728\u963b\u585e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8865\u5145\u4e00\u53e5&#xff0c;BIO \u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u5fc5\u987b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u9650\u5236\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u91cf&#xff0c;\u4f46\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u65f6&#xff0c;\u963b\u585e\u548c\u8c03\u5ea6\u95ee\u9898\u53c8\u56de\u6765\u4e86\u3002\u5927\u91cf\u957f\u8fde\u63a5\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7684 I\/O \u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>3.2 NIO \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1<\/h4>\n<p>Java NIO \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u975e\u963b\u585e I\/O \u548c Selector \u8fd9\u7c7b\u673a\u5236\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u5c31\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b&#xff1a;\u4e0d\u7528\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u5c11\u91cf\u7ebf\u7a0b\u76d1\u542c\u5927\u91cf\u8fde\u63a5\u7684 I\/O \u5c31\u7eea\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>             Selector<br \/>\n                 |<br \/>\n       &#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#043;<br \/>\n       |         |         |<br \/>\n       v         v         v<br \/>\n   Socket A   Socket B   Socket C<br \/>\n       |         |         |<br \/>\n       v         v         v<br \/>\n     \u6709\u6570\u636e      \u65e0\u6570\u636e      \u6709\u6570\u636e<br \/>\n       |                   |<br \/>\n       &#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#043;<br \/>\n                 |<br \/>\n                 v<br \/>\n           \u5904\u7406\u5c31\u7eea\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>Selector \u53ef\u4ee5\u76d1\u542c\u591a\u4e2a Channel\u3002\u67d0\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u53ef\u8bfb\u6216\u8005\u53ef\u5199&#xff0c;Selector \u5c31\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5c31\u7eea\u4e8b\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u7a0b\u5e8f\u518d\u53bb\u5904\u7406\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u5361\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a Socket \u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Java \u91cc\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u662f NIO \u548c Netty&#xff0c;Linux \u4fa7\u7684 epoll\u3001Nginx \u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u6a21\u578b\u4e5f\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u5957\u601d\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u8bf4\u6e05\u695a&#xff1a;NIO \u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8ba9 I\/O \u64cd\u4f5c\u51ed\u7a7a\u6d88\u5931&#xff0c;\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u628a\u5927\u91cf\u8fde\u63a5\u9700\u8981\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u964d\u4e0b\u6765&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c31\u7eea\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916&#xff0c;Selector \u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6240\u6709\u903b\u8f91\u90fd\u5f97\u585e\u8fdb\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u628a\u7f51\u7edc I\/O \u548c\u8017\u65f6\u4e1a\u52a1\u5206\u5f00\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>3.3 Netty \u600e\u4e48\u7528\u8fd9\u5957\u601d\u8def<\/h4>\n<p>Java \u540e\u7aef\u505a\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1&#xff0c;Netty \u662f\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u5178\u578b\u7ed3\u6784&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>              \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5<br \/>\n                   |<br \/>\n                   v<br \/>\n            Boss EventLoop<br \/>\n          \u8d1f\u8d23\u63a5\u6536\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5<br \/>\n                   |<br \/>\n                   v<br \/>\n           Worker EventLoop<br \/>\n          \u8d1f\u8d23\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0a\u7684 I\/O<br \/>\n                   |<br \/>\n                   v<br \/>\n             ChannelPipeline<br \/>\n                   |<br \/>\n                   v<br \/>\n             \u4e1a\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91<\/p>\n<p>Linux \u73af\u5883\u4e0b&#xff0c;Netty \u5e95\u5c42\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 epoll \u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u7528 EventLoop \u7ba1\u7406\u4e00\u6279 Channel&#xff0c;\u5728\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u91cc\u5904\u7406\u7f51\u7edc I\/O\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u51e0\u4e2a\u8981\u70b9&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Boss \u8d1f\u8d23\u63a5\u6536\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;Worker \u8d1f\u8d23\u5df2\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0a\u7684 I\/O\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e00\u4e2a EventLoop \u901a\u5e38\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9a71\u52a8\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Channel \u548c EventLoop \u4e4b\u95f4\u4fdd\u6301\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8017\u65f6\u7684\u963b\u585e\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e0d\u80fd\u653e\u5728 I\/O \u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u91cc\u8dd1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6761,\u6bd4\u5982\u5728 EventLoop \u91cc\u76f4\u63a5\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6761\u8017\u65f6 500 ms \u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a EventLoop \u4e0a\u5176\u4ed6\u8fde\u63a5\u7684 I\/O \u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u62d6\u6162\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b63\u786e\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u628a\u8017\u65f6\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ea4\u7ed9\u72ec\u7acb\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u7528\u5f02\u6b65\u65b9\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528\u4e0b\u6e38\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7528\u4e86 Netty \u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u81ea\u52a8\u62e5\u6709\u767e\u4e07\u5e76\u53d1\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u8fd8\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u9650\u5236\u3001TCP \u53c2\u6570\u3001\u7f51\u5361\u5e26\u5bbd\u3001\u5355\u8fde\u63a5\u5185\u5b58\u5f00\u9500\u3001\u6d88\u606f\u9891\u7387\u548c\u5927\u5c0f&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e1a\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u901f\u5ea6\u3002Netty \u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u662f\u7f51\u7edc I\/O \u6548\u7387\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u5bb9\u91cf\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u56db\u3001\u767e\u4e07\u8fde\u63a5\u9700\u8981\u591a\u5c11\u5185\u5b58<\/h3>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u8981\u7ef4\u62a4 100 \u4e07\u6761\u957f\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u5148\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5316\u6a21\u578b\u4f30\u7b97&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex--display\"><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">M&#061;N\u00d7m<br \/>\nM&#061;N\\\\times m<br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.6833em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right: 0.109em\">M<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.7667em;vertical-align: -0.0833em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right: 0.109em\">N<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2222em\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u00d7<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2222em\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.4306em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">m<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>M \u662f\u603b\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;N \u662f\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u91cf&#xff0c;m \u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u5185\u5b58\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u5e94\u7528\u4fa7\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u5e73\u5747\u5360\u7528 16 KB&#xff08;\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u5bb9\u91cf\u89c4\u5212\u7528\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u503c&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f Netty \u7684\u56fa\u5b9a\u5f00\u9500&#xff09;&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex--display\"><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">M&#061;1,000,000\u00d716\u00a0KB&#061;16\u00a0GB<br \/>\nM&#061;1,000,000\\\\times16\\\\text{ KB}&#061;16\\\\text{ GB}<br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.6833em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right: 0.109em\">M<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.8389em;vertical-align: -0.1944em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.1667em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">000<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.1667em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">000<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2222em\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u00d7<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2222em\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.6833em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">16<\/span><span class=\"mord text\"><span class=\"mord\">\u00a0KB<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.6833em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">16<\/span><span class=\"mord text\"><span class=\"mord\">\u00a0GB<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6309\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5 32 KB \u7b97&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex--display\"><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">M&#061;1,000,000\u00d732\u00a0KB&#061;32\u00a0GB<br \/>\nM&#061;1,000,000\\\\times32\\\\text{ KB}&#061;32\\\\text{ GB}<br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.6833em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right: 0.109em\">M<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.8389em;vertical-align: -0.1944em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.1667em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">000<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.1667em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">000<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2222em\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u00d7<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2222em\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.6833em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">32<\/span><span class=\"mord text\"><span class=\"mord\">\u00a0KB<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.6833em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">32<\/span><span class=\"mord text\"><span class=\"mord\">\u00a0GB<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u8fd8\u6ca1\u7b97 JVM \u81ea\u8eab\u5f00\u9500\u3001\u4e1a\u52a1\u7f13\u5b58\u3001\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6808\u3001JIT \u7f16\u8bd1\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5f00\u9500\u3001\u5185\u6838\u5185\u5b58\u3001TCP Socket \u7f13\u51b2\u533a&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5&#034;\u4e00\u53f0 32 GB \u5185\u5b58\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c31\u80fd\u625b 100 \u4e07\u8fde\u63a5&#034;\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u7ad9\u4e0d\u4f4f\u3002\u771f\u5b9e\u5bb9\u91cf\u53ea\u80fd\u9760\u538b\u6d4b\u786e\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u8d8a\u5927&#xff0c;\u5355\u8fde\u63a5\u5f00\u9500\u8d8a\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u653e\u5927&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u5355\u8fde\u63a5\u5e73\u5747\u5f00\u9500100 \u4e07\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5185\u5b58<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>4 KB<\/td>\n<td align=\"right\">\u7ea6 4 GB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>8 KB<\/td>\n<td align=\"right\">\u7ea6 8 GB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>16 KB<\/td>\n<td align=\"right\">\u7ea6 16 GB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>32 KB<\/td>\n<td align=\"right\">\u7ea6 32 GB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>64 KB<\/td>\n<td align=\"right\">\u7ea6 64 GB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5f20\u8868\u5c31\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4e58\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u7b97\u4efb\u4f55\u989d\u5916\u5f00\u9500\u3002\u5b83\u60f3\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f&#xff0c;\u4f18\u5316\u5355\u8fde\u63a5\u5185\u5b58\u5f80\u5f80\u6bd4\u5355\u7eaf\u589e\u52a0\u673a\u5668\u6570\u91cf\u66f4\u5212\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5177\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u7684\u4e8b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u522b\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u5806\u4e1a\u52a1\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u63a7\u5236\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u53d1\u9001\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u8981\u6709\u754c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8fde\u63a5\u65ad\u5f00\u540e\u53ca\u65f6\u6e05\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u914d\u4e0a\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5fc3\u8df3\u548c\u7a7a\u95f2\u8d85\u65f6\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u8d1f\u8f7d\u8c03\u6574\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u3002<\/li>\n<p>\u4f46\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a\u4e86\u7701\u5185\u5b58\u628a TCP \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e00\u5473\u8c03\u5c0f&#xff0c;\u5b83\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u541e\u5410\u91cf&#xff0c;\u9ad8\u5ef6\u8fdf\u7f51\u7edc\u91cc\u5c24\u5176\u660e\u663e\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e94\u3001\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u4e0e\u6c34\u5e73\u6269\u5bb9<\/h3>\n<p>\u5355\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d44\u6e90\u6709\u9650&#xff0c;\u767e\u4e07\u5e76\u53d1\u53ea\u80fd\u9760\u6c34\u5e73\u6269\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u628a\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u8bf7\u6c42\u644a\u5230\u591a\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>              100 \u4e07\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<br \/>\n                    |<br \/>\n                    v<br \/>\n              \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u96c6\u7fa4<br \/>\n                    |<br \/>\n       &#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#043;<br \/>\n       |            |            |<br \/>\n       v            v            v<br \/>\n   \u7f51\u5173\u670d\u52a1\u56681  \u7f51\u5173\u670d\u52a1\u56682  \u7f51\u5173\u670d\u52a1\u56683<br \/>\n       |            |            |<br \/>\n     \u7ea6 10 \u4e07     \u7ea6 10 \u4e07     \u7ea6 10 \u4e07<br \/>\n      \u8fde\u63a5          \u8fde\u63a5          \u8fde\u63a5<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002100 \u4e07\u8fde\u63a5\u914d 10 \u53f0\u7f51\u5173&#xff0c;\u7406\u60f3\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6bcf\u53f0\u5e73\u5747\u627f\u62c5 10 \u4e07\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868 10 \u53f0\u4e00\u5b9a\u591f\u3002\u5355\u673a\u5230\u5e95\u80fd\u625b\u591a\u5c11&#xff0c;\u5f97\u538b\u6d4b\u51fa\u5b89\u5168\u5bb9\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>5.1 \u9700\u8981\u591a\u5c11\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h4>\n<p><span class=\"katex--display\"><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">Nserver&#061;\u2308CtotalCsafe\u2309<br \/>\nN_{\\\\text{server}}&#061;\\\\left\\\\lceil\\\\frac{C_{\\\\text{total}}}{C_{\\\\text{safe}}}\\\\right\\\\rceil<br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.8333em;vertical-align: -0.15em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right: 0.109em\">N<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height: 0.1514em\"><span class=\"\" style=\"top: -2.55em;margin-left: -0.109em;margin-right: 0.05em\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height: 2.7em\"><\/span><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord text mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">server<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height: 0.15em\"><span class=\"\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 2.4em;vertical-align: -0.95em\"><\/span><span class=\"minner\"><span class=\"mopen delimcenter\" style=\"top: 0em\"><span class=\"delimsizing size3\">\u2308<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mopen nulldelimiter\"><\/span><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height: 1.3603em\"><span class=\"\" style=\"top: -2.314em\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height: 3em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right: 0.0715em\">C<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height: 0.3361em\"><span class=\"\" style=\"top: -2.55em;margin-left: -0.0715em;margin-right: 0.05em\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height: 2.7em\"><\/span><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord text mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">safe<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height: 0.15em\"><span class=\"\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"\" style=\"top: -3.23em\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height: 3em\"><\/span><span class=\"frac-line\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.04em\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"\" style=\"top: -3.677em\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height: 3em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right: 0.0715em\">C<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height: 0.3361em\"><span class=\"\" style=\"top: -2.55em;margin-left: -0.0715em;margin-right: 0.05em\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height: 2.7em\"><\/span><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord text mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">total<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height: 0.15em\"><span class=\"\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height: 0.836em\"><span class=\"\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose nulldelimiter\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose delimcenter\" style=\"top: 0em\"><span class=\"delimsizing size3\">\u2309<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>C_total \u662f\u603b\u8fde\u63a5\u6570&#xff0c;C_safe \u662f\u5355\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8fde\u63a5\u5bb9\u91cf\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u603b\u8fde\u63a5\u6570 100 \u4e07&#xff0c;\u5355\u673a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u538b\u6d4b\u540e\u786e\u5b9a\u5b89\u5168\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a 8 \u4e07&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex--display\"><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">Nserver&#061;\u23081,000,00080,000\u2309&#061;13<br \/>\nN_{\\\\text{server}}&#061;\\\\left\\\\lceil\\\\frac{1,000,000}{80,000}\\\\right\\\\rceil&#061;13<br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.8333em;vertical-align: -0.15em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right: 0.109em\">N<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height: 0.1514em\"><span class=\"\" style=\"top: -2.55em;margin-left: -0.109em;margin-right: 0.05em\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height: 2.7em\"><\/span><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord text mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">server<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height: 0.15em\"><span class=\"\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 2.4em;vertical-align: -0.95em\"><\/span><span class=\"minner\"><span class=\"mopen delimcenter\" style=\"top: 0em\"><span class=\"delimsizing size3\">\u2308<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mopen nulldelimiter\"><\/span><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height: 1.3214em\"><span class=\"\" style=\"top: -2.314em\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height: 3em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">80<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.1667em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">000<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"\" style=\"top: -3.23em\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height: 3em\"><\/span><span class=\"frac-line\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.04em\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"\" style=\"top: -3.677em\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height: 3em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.1667em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">000<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.1667em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">000<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height: 0.8804em\"><span class=\"\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose nulldelimiter\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose delimcenter\" style=\"top: 0em\"><span class=\"delimsizing size3\">\u2309<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.6444em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">13<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u81f3\u5c11\u9700\u8981 13 \u53f0\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd8\u8981\u6c42\u4efb\u610f\u4e24\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6545\u969c\u540e&#xff0c;\u5269\u4f59\u673a\u5668\u4ecd\u7136\u80fd\u627f\u62c5\u5168\u90e8\u6d41\u91cf&#xff0c;\u90a3\u5c31\u5f97\u518d\u52a0\u5197\u4f59\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5355\u673a\u6700\u5927\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u5355\u673a\u5b89\u5168\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u3002\u4e00\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u6781\u9650\u6d4b\u8bd5\u80fd\u538b\u5230 12 \u4e07\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5230 10 \u4e07\u65f6 P99 \u5ef6\u8fdf\u5df2\u7ecf\u660e\u663e\u6076\u5316&#xff0c;\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u6309 12 \u4e07\u6765\u89c4\u5212\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u751f\u4ea7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8981\u7559\u4f59\u91cf&#xff0c;\u5e94\u5bf9\u6d41\u91cf\u7a81\u589e\u3001\u673a\u5668\u6545\u969c\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u914d\u3001\u4e1a\u52a1\u8bf7\u6c42\u53d8\u91cd&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u6709\u8fde\u63a5\u91cd\u5efa\u98ce\u66b4\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>5.2 \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u600e\u4e48\u9009<\/h4>\n<table>\n<tr>\u7c7b\u578b\u5178\u578b\u7528\u9014<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>DNS \u8c03\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>\u628a\u7528\u6237\u5f15\u5bfc\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u57df\u6216\u63a5\u5165\u96c6\u7fa4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CDN<\/td>\n<td>\u9759\u6001\u8d44\u6e90\u7f13\u5b58\u4e0e\u8fb9\u7f18\u5206\u53d1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u56db\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861<\/td>\n<td>\u6309 TCP\/UDP \u7b49\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u53d1\u6d41\u91cf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u4e03\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861<\/td>\n<td>\u6309 HTTP \u7b49\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u53d1\u6d41\u91cf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861<\/td>\n<td>\u670d\u52a1\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u8c03\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u666e\u901a HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u7528\u4e03\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5c31\u591f\u3002WebSocket \u957f\u8fde\u63a5\u8981\u591a\u8003\u8651\u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\u540e\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u6027&#xff1a;\u8fde\u63a5\u4e00\u65e6\u5efa\u7acb&#xff0c;\u540e\u7eed\u901a\u4fe1\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7ef4\u62a4\u5b83\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u7f51\u5173\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8f6e\u8be2\u7b56\u7565\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8ba9\u6bcf\u6761\u6d88\u606f\u5230\u8fbe\u65f6\u91cd\u65b0\u9009\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u5728\u54ea\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9&#xff0c;\u6d88\u606f\u5c31\u8d70\u54ea\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u7ef4\u6301\u4f1a\u8bdd\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u5f97\u95ee\u81ea\u5df1\u51e0\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898&#xff1a;\u8981\u4e0d\u8981\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7c98\u6ede&#xff0c;\u72b6\u6001\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5916\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u7f51\u5173\u8282\u70b9\u6545\u969c\u540e\u600e\u4e48\u91cd\u8fde&#xff0c;\u91cd\u8fde\u540e\u8ba2\u9605\u5173\u7cfb\u600e\u4e48\u6062\u590d&#xff0c;\u600e\u4e48\u907f\u514d\u5927\u91cf\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u540c\u65f6\u91cd\u8fde\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9 WebSocket \u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u8fde\u63a5\u5206\u914d\u53ea\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65&#xff0c;\u6545\u969c\u540e\u7684\u6062\u590d\u80fd\u529b\u540c\u6837\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u516d\u3001\u4e1a\u52a1\u5c42\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u600e\u4e48\u4e0d\u88ab\u538b\u57ae<\/h3>\n<p>\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u63a5\u5f97\u4f4f\u8bf7\u6c42&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5904\u7406\u5f97\u4e86\u3002\u7f51\u5173\u96c6\u7fa4\u6bcf\u79d2\u6536\u8fdb 10 \u4e07\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u90fd\u8981\u67e5 MySQL&#xff0c;\u800c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u53ea\u80fd\u7a33\u5b9a\u5904\u7406 2 \u4e07 QPS&#xff0c;\u90a3\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u518d\u5f3a\u4e5f\u767d\u642d&#xff0c;\u74f6\u9888\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u628a\u4e24\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u5206\u5f00\u770b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u63a5\u5165\u80fd\u529b&#xff1a;\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u63a5\u591a\u5c11\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b&#xff1a;\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u591a\u5c11\u4e1a\u52a1\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u8981\u5206\u522b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u5206\u522b\u538b\u6d4b\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>6.1 \u7528 Redis \u6321\u70ed\u70b9\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n<p>\u4ee5\u5546\u54c1\u8be6\u60c5\u63a5\u53e3\u4e3a\u4f8b\u3002\u539f\u59cb\u94fe\u8def\u662f&#xff1a;\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef \u2192 Java \u5e94\u7528 \u2192 \u67e5 MySQL \u2192 \u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u76f4\u63a5\u6253\u5e93&#xff0c;\u5927\u91cf\u91cd\u590d\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f1a\u6210\u500d\u653e\u5927\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002\u52a0\u4e0a\u7f13\u5b58\u540e\u5c31\u53d8\u6210\u5148\u67e5 Redis&#xff0c;\u547d\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de&#xff0c;\u672a\u547d\u4e2d\u518d\u67e5 MySQL \u5e76\u56de\u5199\u7f13\u5b58&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<br \/>\n  |<br \/>\n  v<br \/>\nJava \u5e94\u7528<br \/>\n  |<br \/>\n  v<br \/>\nRedis \u67e5\u8be2<br \/>\n  |<br \/>\n  &#043;&#8212;- \u7f13\u5b58\u547d\u4e2d &#8212;-&gt; \u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c<br \/>\n  |<br \/>\n  &#043;&#8212;- \u7f13\u5b58\u672a\u547d\u4e2d &#8211;&gt; \u67e5\u8be2 MySQL<br \/>\n                          |<br \/>\n                          v<br \/>\n                       \u5199\u5165\u7f13\u5b58<br \/>\n                          |<br \/>\n                          v<br \/>\n                       \u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u63a5\u53e3 10 \u4e07 QPS&#xff0c;\u7f13\u5b58\u547d\u4e2d\u7387 95%&#xff0c;\u672a\u547d\u4e2d\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u91cf\u7ea6\u4e3a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex--display\"><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">QPSmiss&#061;100,000\u00d7(1\u221295%)&#061;5,000<br \/>\nQPS_{\\\\text{miss}}&#061;100,000\\\\times(1-95\\\\%)&#061;5,000<br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.8778em;vertical-align: -0.1944em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right: 0.1389em\">QP<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right: 0.0576em\">S<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height: 0.3175em\"><span class=\"\" style=\"top: -2.55em;margin-left: -0.0576em;margin-right: 0.05em\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height: 2.7em\"><\/span><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord text mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">miss<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height: 0.15em\"><span class=\"\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.8389em;vertical-align: -0.1944em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">100<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.1667em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">000<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2222em\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u00d7<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2222em\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 1em;vertical-align: -0.25em\"><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2222em\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2222em\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 1em;vertical-align: -0.25em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">95%<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.8389em;vertical-align: -0.1944em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">5<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.1667em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">000<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u91cf\u4ece 10 \u4e07\u6b21\/\u79d2\u964d\u5230\u5927\u7ea6 5000 \u6b21\/\u79d2\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u524d\u63d0&#xff1a;\u8bf7\u6c42\u5206\u5e03\u548c\u547d\u4e2d\u7387\u5728\u7edf\u8ba1\u7a97\u53e3\u5185\u76f8\u5bf9\u7a33\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e14\u7f13\u5b58\u672a\u547d\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u5f15\u53d1\u989d\u5916\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u653e\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u9645\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd8\u8981\u5904\u7406\u7f13\u5b58\u7a7f\u900f\u3001\u7f13\u5b58\u51fb\u7a7f\u548c\u7f13\u5b58\u96ea\u5d29\u3002\u70ed\u70b9 Key \u4e00\u8fc7\u671f&#xff0c;\u5927\u91cf\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u6253\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u624b\u6bb5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u6216 Singleflight \u5408\u5e76\u91cd\u590d\u67e5\u8be2<\/li>\n<li>\u70ed\u70b9\u6570\u636e\u63d0\u524d\u5237\u65b0<\/li>\n<li>\u903b\u8f91\u8fc7\u671f<\/li>\n<li>\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u52a0\u968f\u673a\u503c<\/li>\n<li>\u672c\u5730\u7f13\u5b58\u4e0e\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7f13\u5b58\u7ec4\u5408<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7f13\u5b58\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u8d8a\u591a\u8d8a\u597d\u3002\u9700\u8981\u5f3a\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1&#xff0c;\u5fc5\u987b\u628a\u5931\u6548\u7b56\u7565\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u987a\u5e8f\u548c\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u8bb2\u6e05\u695a\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>6.2 \u7528\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u524a\u5cf0<\/h4>\n<p>\u6d3b\u52a8\u5f00\u573a\u65f6\u7528\u6237\u77ac\u95f4\u6d8c\u5165&#xff0c;\u5927\u91cf\u8bf7\u6c42\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u8ba2\u5355\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6240\u6709\u6b65\u9aa4\u540c\u6b65\u6267\u884c&#xff08;\u521b\u5efa\u8ba2\u5355\u3001\u6263\u5e93\u5b58\u3001\u8c03\u652f\u4ed8\u3001\u53d1\u901a\u77e5&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8bf7\u6c42\u8017\u65f6\u4f1a\u5f88\u957f&#xff0c;\u6240\u6709\u4e0b\u6e38\u90fd\u8981\u627f\u53d7\u77ac\u65f6\u6d41\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u9002\u5408\u5f02\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u653e\u8fdb\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217&#xff1a;\u63a5\u5165\u5c42\u5148\u9650\u6d41&#xff0c;\u8ba2\u5355\u670d\u52a1\u5199\u6d88\u606f&#xff0c;\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6162\u6162\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>              \u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42<br \/>\n                  |<br \/>\n                  v<br \/>\n             \u63a5\u5165\u5c42\u9650\u6d41<br \/>\n                  |<br \/>\n                  v<br \/>\n             \u8ba2\u5355\u4e1a\u52a1\u670d\u52a1<br \/>\n                  |<br \/>\n                  v<br \/>\n              \u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217<br \/>\n                  |<br \/>\n          &#043;&#8212;&#8212;-&#043;&#8212;&#8212;-&#043;<br \/>\n          |       |       |<br \/>\n          v       v       v<br \/>\n       \u6d88\u8d39\u80051 \u6d88\u8d39\u80052 \u6d88\u8d39\u80053<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u53ea\u80fd\u7f13\u51b2\u6d41\u91cf&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u80fd\u51ed\u7a7a\u63d0\u9ad8\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6bcf\u79d2\u4ea7\u751f 5 \u4e07\u6761\u6d88\u606f&#xff0c;\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6bcf\u79d2\u53ea\u80fd\u5904\u7406 3 \u4e07\u6761&#xff0c;\u90a3\u6bcf\u79d2\u79ef\u538b 2 \u4e07\u6761&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex--display\"><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">20,000\u00d760&#061;1,200,000<br \/>\n20,000\\\\times60&#061;1,200,000<br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.8389em;vertical-align: -0.1944em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">20<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.1667em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">000<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2222em\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u00d7<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2222em\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.6444em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">60<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.8389em;vertical-align: -0.1944em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.1667em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">200<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.1667em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">000<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u5206\u949f\u5c31\u662f 120 \u4e07\u6761\u6d88\u606f\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u76ef\u79ef\u538b\u91cf\u3001\u6700\u8001\u6d88\u606f\u5e74\u9f84\u3001\u6d88\u8d39\u901f\u5ea6\u3001\u91cd\u8bd5\u6b21\u6570\u3001\u6b7b\u4fe1\u6d88\u606f\u548c\u4e0b\u6e38\u670d\u52a1\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u6b65\u8fd8\u662f\u5f02\u6b65\u8981\u770b\u4e1a\u52a1\u3002\u7528\u4e86\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u8ba2\u5355\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u5e93\u5b58\u6263\u51cf\u548c\u652f\u4ed8\u7ed3\u679c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u3002\u4e1a\u52a1\u5e42\u7b49\u3001\u4e8b\u52a1\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u8865\u507f\u673a\u5236\u4ecd\u7136\u8981\u505a\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>6.3 \u9650\u6d41\u3001\u7194\u65ad\u4e0e\u964d\u7ea7<\/h4>\n<p>\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ea\u60f3\u7740\u5904\u7406\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u6c42&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u5f97\u907f\u514d\u8d85\u8f7d\u540e\u5168\u9762\u5d29\u6e83\u3002\u4fdd\u62a4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e09\u5c42&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5165\u53e3\u9650\u6d41&#xff1a;\u9650\u5236\u5355\u4f4d\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u8fdb\u5165\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570&#xff0c;\u5e38\u89c1\u7b97\u6cd5\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\u7a97\u53e3\u3001\u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u3001\u6f0f\u6876\u3001\u4ee4\u724c\u6876\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u670d\u52a1\u7ea7\u9650\u6d41\u4e0e\u9694\u79bb&#xff1a;\u9650\u5236\u7279\u5b9a\u63a5\u53e3\u3001\u4e1a\u52a1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u6216\u4e0b\u6e38\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u91cf&#xff0c;\u9632\u6b62\u67d0\u4e2a\u6162\u670d\u52a1\u8017\u5c3d\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7194\u65ad\u4e0e\u964d\u7ea7&#xff1a;\u4e0b\u6e38\u6301\u7eed\u5931\u8d25\u6216\u53d8\u6162\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6682\u65f6\u505c\u6b62\u90e8\u5206\u8c03\u7528&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u8fd4\u56de\u5141\u8bb8\u964d\u7ea7\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fdb\u6765\u5148\u8fc7\u9650\u6d41&#xff0c;\u8d85\u9608\u503c\u5c31\u62d2\u7edd\u6216\u8fd4\u56de\u964d\u7ea7\u7ed3\u679c&#xff1b;\u8fdb\u5165\u4e1a\u52a1\u540e\u8c03\u7528\u4e0b\u6e38&#xff0c;\u4e0b\u6e38\u5f02\u5e38\u5c31\u7194\u65ad\u6216\u964d\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u539f\u5219\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u6761&#xff1a;\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fc7\u8f7d\u65f6\u4f18\u5148\u4fdd\u62a4\u6838\u5fc3\u4e1a\u52a1&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u63a5\u6536\u6240\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e03\u3001Linux \u548c TCP \u53c2\u6570\u600e\u4e48\u8c03<\/h3>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c42\u662f\u521d\u7ea7\u56de\u7b54\u548c\u6df1\u5165\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u5206\u6c34\u5cad\u3002\u9762\u8bd5\u5b98\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8ffd\u95ee&#xff1a;\u8981\u627f\u8f7d\u767e\u4e07\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u9762\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<h4>7.1 \u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u9650\u5236<\/h4>\n<p>Linux \u91cc Socket \u4e5f\u5360\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u3002\u5355\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9650\u5236\u53ea\u6709\u51e0\u4e07\u4e2a&#xff0c;\u5c31\u7b97 CPU \u548c\u5185\u5b58\u8fd8\u6709\u5bcc\u4f59&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5efa\u4e0d\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ea7\u9650\u5236\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u9650\u5236&#xff0c;\u770b\u5e94\u7528\u6709\u6ca1\u6709 fd \u6cc4\u6f0f&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u53ca\u76d1\u542c Socket \u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\u5360\u6389\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token builtin class-name\">ulimit<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-n<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u770b\u7684\u662f\u5f53\u524d Shell \u7684\u9650\u5236&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u7b49\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5b9e\u9645\u751f\u6548\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u8fd8\u8981\u770b\u670d\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0a\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>7.2 TCP \u76d1\u542c\u961f\u5217<\/h4>\n<p>\u5efa\u8fde\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5185\u6838\u65e2\u8981\u5904\u7406\u8fd8\u6ca1\u5b8c\u6210\u63e1\u624b\u7684\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u8981\u7f13\u5b58\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210\u63e1\u624b\u3001\u7b49\u5f85\u5e94\u7528 accept \u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76f8\u5173\u53c2\u6570\u4e3b\u8981\u662f net.core.somaxconn \u548c net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog&#xff0c;\u5206\u522b\u6d89\u53ca\u76d1\u542c\u961f\u5217\u4e0a\u9650\u548c SYN \u8bf7\u6c42\u961f\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u522b\u76f4\u63a5\u62c9\u5230\u6700\u5927\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u914d\u7f6e\u8981\u770b\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u4f20\u5165\u7684 backlog\u3001\u5efa\u8fde\u901f\u7387\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u53ca\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u51fa\u73b0\u961f\u5217\u6ea2\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76d1\u542c\u961f\u5217\u53ea\u5f71\u54cd\u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\u9636\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u89e3\u51b3\u4e0d\u4e86\u5df2\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>7.3 TIME_WAIT \u4e0e\u5efa\u8fde\u901f\u7387<\/h4>\n<p>\u9891\u7e41\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u5173\u95ed TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5927\u91cf TIME_WAIT\u3002\u4f46\u6570\u91cf\u591a\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u6545\u969c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u771f\u6b63\u8981\u770b\u7684\u662f\u5efa\u8fde\u901f\u7387\u3001\u54ea\u4e00\u65b9\u4e3b\u52a8\u5173\u95ed\u3001\u53ef\u7528\u7aef\u53e3\u548c\u5730\u5740\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u5360\u7528\u3001\u5185\u6838\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u53ca\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u77ed\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7528 HTTP Keep-Alive\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u590d\u7528\u548c\u5408\u7406\u7684\u8d85\u65f6\u914d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u65e0\u8c13\u7684\u5efa\u8fde\u5173\u8fde\u3002\u522b\u628a TIME_WAIT \u5f53\u6210\u6240\u6709\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6839\u56e0&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u522b\u4e71\u6539 TCP \u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>7.4 \u7f51\u5361\u5e26\u5bbd<\/h4>\n<p>\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u53ea\u7b97 CPU \u548c\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u5fd8\u4e86\u5e26\u5bbd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8981\u5411\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6bcf\u79d2\u6536 1 KB&#xff0c;100 \u4e07\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u603b\u901f\u7387\u662f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex--display\"><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">1,000,000\u00d71\u00a0KB\/s\u22481\u00a0GB\/s<br \/>\n1,000,000\\\\times1\\\\text{ KB\/s}\\\\approx 1\\\\text{ GB\/s}<br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.8389em;vertical-align: -0.1944em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.1667em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">000<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.1667em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">000<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2222em\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u00d7<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2222em\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 1em;vertical-align: -0.25em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mord text\"><span class=\"mord\">\u00a0KB\/s<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2248<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 1em;vertical-align: -0.25em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mord text\"><span class=\"mord\">\u00a0GB\/s<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6362\u7b97\u6210\u6bd4\u7279\u901f\u7387\u5927\u7ea6 8 Gbit\/s\u3002\u8fd9\u8fd8\u6ca1\u7b97\u534f\u8bae\u5f00\u9500\u3001\u91cd\u4f20\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6d41\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u7ef4\u6301 100 \u4e07\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u80fd\u6301\u7eed\u5411\u8fd9 100 \u4e07\u8fde\u63a5\u704c\u6570\u636e\u3002\u957f\u8fde\u63a5\u7cfb\u7edf\u8981\u5206\u522b\u4f30\u7b97\u5efa\u8fde\u901f\u7387\u3001\u6bcf\u79d2\u6d88\u606f\u6570\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u6d88\u606f\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u4e0a\u4e0b\u884c\u5e26\u5bbd\u548c\u7a81\u53d1\u6d41\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fde\u63a5\u5bb9\u91cf\u3001\u6d88\u606f\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u5e26\u5bbd\u5bb9\u91cf&#xff0c;\u662f\u4e09\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u516b\u3001\u767e\u4e07 WebSocket \u8fde\u63a5\u600e\u4e48\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h3>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u8981\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a IM \u7cfb\u7edf&#xff0c;100 \u4e07\u5728\u7ebf\u7528\u6237&#xff0c;\u7528\u6237\u4e4b\u95f4\u80fd\u53d1\u6d88\u606f&#xff0c;\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u8981\u80fd\u628a\u6d88\u606f\u63a8\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e0d\u8be5\u628a\u957f\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u6240\u6709\u4e1a\u52a1\u585e\u8fdb\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de8\u578b HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u3002\u66f4\u5408\u7406\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u628a\u957f\u8fde\u63a5\u63a5\u5165\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u5206\u5f00\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>8.1 \u63a8\u8350\u67b6\u6784<\/h4>\n<p>                  100 \u4e07\u5728\u7ebf\u7528\u6237<br \/>\n                         |<br \/>\n                         v<br \/>\n                  \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u96c6\u7fa4<br \/>\n                         |<br \/>\n                         v<br \/>\n                   WebSocket \u7f51\u5173<br \/>\n               &#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#043;<br \/>\n               |         |         |<br \/>\n               v         v         v<br \/>\n            \u7f51\u5173 A     \u7f51\u5173 B     \u7f51\u5173 C<br \/>\n               |         |         |<br \/>\n               &#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#043;<br \/>\n                         |<br \/>\n                         v<br \/>\n                  \u6d88\u606f\u8def\u7531\u4e0e\u4e1a\u52a1\u670d\u52a1<br \/>\n                         |<br \/>\n                  &#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#043;<br \/>\n                  |             |<br \/>\n                  v             v<br \/>\n               \u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217       Redis<br \/>\n                  |             |<br \/>\n                  v             v<br \/>\n               \u6d88\u606f\u5904\u7406      \u7528\u6237\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f<br \/>\n                  |<br \/>\n                  v<br \/>\n                MySQL<\/p>\n<p>\u5404\u90e8\u5206\u804c\u8d23&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>WebSocket \u7f51\u5173\u8d1f\u8d23\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u957f\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u5904\u7406\u5fc3\u8df3\u3001\u89e3\u6790\u534f\u8bae\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u672c\u673a\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u628a\u6d88\u606f\u8def\u7531\u7ed9\u4e1a\u52a1\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u628a\u4e1a\u52a1\u6d88\u606f\u63a8\u56de\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e1a\u52a1\u670d\u52a1\u8d1f\u8d23\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u6821\u9a8c\u3001\u6d88\u606f\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u3001\u6d88\u606f\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u3001\u7fa4\u804a\u5355\u804a\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u6d88\u606f\u72b6\u6001\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Redis \u8fd9\u7c7b\u5b58\u50a8\u7ef4\u62a4\u7528\u6237\u4e0e\u7f51\u5173\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb&#xff0c;\u7ed9\u8de8\u8282\u70b9\u6d88\u606f\u8def\u7531\u63d0\u4f9b\u5fc5\u8981\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u5728\u5408\u9002\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u6d41\u7a0b\u91cc\u89e3\u8026\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u548c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005&#xff0c;\u7f13\u51b2\u53ef\u5f02\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6d88\u606f&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5728\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6545\u969c\u65f6\u652f\u6301\u91cd\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u6f84\u6e05\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u8bef\u89e3&#xff1a;Redis \u4e0d\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u5b58\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u7f51\u5173\u5728\u672c\u5730\u7ef4\u62a4\u771f\u5b9e\u7684 Socket \u548c\u8fde\u63a5\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff0c;\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u53ea\u653e\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5143\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>8.2 \u8de8\u7f51\u5173\u6d88\u606f\u600e\u4e48\u63a8<\/h4>\n<p>\u7528\u6237 A \u8fde\u63a5\u5728\u7f51\u5173 1&#xff0c;\u7528\u6237 B \u8fde\u63a5\u5728\u7f51\u5173 8\u3002A \u7ed9 B \u53d1\u6d88\u606f&#xff0c;\u4e1a\u52a1\u670d\u52a1\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053 B \u8fde\u5728\u54ea\u4e2a\u7f51\u5173&#xff0c;\u5c31\u6ca1\u6cd5\u628a\u6d88\u606f\u9001\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u7ef4\u62a4\u7c7b\u4f3c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5173\u7cfb&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>user_1001 -&gt; gateway_1<br \/>\nuser_1002 -&gt; gateway_8<br \/>\nuser_1003 -&gt; gateway_3<\/p>\n<p>\u6d41\u7a0b\u662f&#xff1a;\u7f51\u5173 1 \u6536\u5230\u6d88\u606f&#xff0c;\u4ea4\u7ed9\u6d88\u606f\u4e1a\u52a1\u670d\u52a1&#xff0c;\u670d\u52a1\u67e5 B \u7684\u7f51\u5173&#xff0c;\u53d1\u73b0\u662f\u7f51\u5173 8&#xff0c;\u628a\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u7ed9\u7f51\u5173 8&#xff0c;\u518d\u901a\u8fc7 B \u7684 WebSocket \u8fde\u63a5\u63a8\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e&#xff0c;B \u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u67e5\u5230\u8def\u7531\u4e4b\u540e\u7acb\u523b\u65ad\u7ebf&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u5df2\u7ecf\u91cd\u8fde\u5230\u522b\u7684\u7f51\u5173\u3002\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f&#xff0c;\u5728\u8fde\u63a5\u65ad\u5f00\u3001\u91cd\u8fde\u548c\u7f51\u5173\u6545\u969c\u65f6\u53ca\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u91cd\u590d\u6d88\u606f\u548c\u8d85\u65f6\u91cd\u8bd5\u7684\u60c5\u51b5&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u5f97\u8003\u8651\u6d88\u606f ID\u3001\u5e42\u7b49\u548c\u53bb\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>8.3 \u7f51\u5173\u5b95\u673a\u600e\u4e48\u529e<\/h4>\n<p>\u7f51\u5173 8 \u7a81\u7136\u6302\u4e86&#xff0c;\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5168\u90e8\u65ad\u5f00\u3002\u8981\u505a\u7684\u4e8b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u53d1\u73b0\u7f51\u5173\u8282\u70b9\u6545\u969c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6e05\u7406\u5931\u6548\u8def\u7531&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u65e0\u6548\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8ba9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5e26\u9000\u907f\u548c\u968f\u673a\u6296\u52a8\u91cd\u8fde\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8ba9\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u628a\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5065\u5eb7\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6062\u590d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8ba2\u9605\u548c\u4f1a\u8bdd\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6309\u4e1a\u52a1\u89c4\u5219\u8865\u507f\u672a\u9001\u8fbe\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u975e\u8981\u9000\u907f\u548c\u6296\u52a8&#xff1f;10 \u4e07\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u65ad\u7ebf\u3001\u540c\u65f6\u91cd\u8fde&#xff0c;\u5269\u4f59\u7f51\u5173\u4f1a\u77ac\u95f4\u88ab\u6253\u7206&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u53d1\u7ea7\u8054\u6545\u969c\u3002\u6307\u6570\u9000\u907f\u52a0\u968f\u673a\u6296\u52a8&#xff0c;\u80fd\u628a\u91cd\u8fde\u8bf7\u6c42\u644a\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u95f4\u7a97\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u957f\u8fde\u63a5\u67b6\u6784\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ea\u60f3\u600e\u4e48\u7ef4\u6301\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5f97\u60f3\u597d\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u65ad\u5f00\u65f6\u600e\u4e48\u6536\u573a\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e5d\u3001Java \u540e\u7aef\u600e\u4e48\u843d\u5730<\/h3>\n<p>\u628a\u7cfb\u7edf\u62c6\u6210\u51e0\u5757&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u9009\u6280\u672f\u4e3b\u8981\u804c\u8d23<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u5165<\/td>\n<td>Nginx\u3001L4 \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861<\/td>\n<td>\u6d41\u91cf\u63a5\u5165\u4e0e\u5206\u53d1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u957f\u8fde\u63a5\u7f51\u5173<\/td>\n<td>Netty<\/td>\n<td>\u8fde\u63a5\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u7f51\u7edc I\/O<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u4e1a\u52a1\u670d\u52a1<\/td>\n<td>Spring Boot<\/td>\n<td>\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7f13\u5b58<\/td>\n<td>Redis<\/td>\n<td>\u70ed\u70b9\u6570\u636e\u3001\u8def\u7531\u5143\u6570\u636e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217<\/td>\n<td>Kafka\u3001RabbitMQ \u7b49<\/td>\n<td>\u5f02\u6b65\u89e3\u8026\u4e0e\u6d88\u606f\u7f13\u51b2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8<\/td>\n<td>MySQL<\/td>\n<td>\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u6570\u636e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u670d\u52a1\u6cbb\u7406<\/td>\n<td>\u9650\u6d41\u3001\u7194\u65ad\u3001\u8d85\u65f6\u63a7\u5236<\/td>\n<td>\u4fdd\u62a4\u7cfb\u7edf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027<\/td>\n<td>Prometheus\u3001Grafana \u7b49<\/td>\n<td>\u6307\u6807\u76d1\u63a7\u4e0e\u544a\u8b66<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u9009\u578b\u6ca1\u6709\u6807\u51c6\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u7eaf HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u7528 Netty \u5199\u63a5\u5165\u5c42&#xff0c;\u666e\u901a CRUD \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0a Kafka&#xff0c;\u4f4e\u9891\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u641e\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7f13\u5b58&#xff0c;WebSocket \u670d\u52a1\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5fc5\u628a\u6240\u6709\u4e1a\u52a1\u90fd\u585e\u8fdb Netty \u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5173\u952e\u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u5b9e\u9645\u74f6\u9888&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u628a\u70ed\u95e8\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u90fd\u585e\u8fdb\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>9.1 \u4e1a\u52a1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u600e\u4e48\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h4>\n<p>Netty \u7684 I\/O \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6536\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e\u8981\u67e5\u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u5728 I\/O \u7ebf\u7a0b\u91cc\u6267\u884c\u963b\u585e\u67e5\u8be2&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u62d6\u7d2f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8d1f\u8d23\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u8017\u65f6\u4e1a\u52a1\u63d0\u4ea4\u7ed9\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u6267\u884c\u5668&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token class-name\">ExecutorService<\/span> businessExecutor <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ThreadPoolExecutor<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token number\">16<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token number\">64<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token number\">60<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token class-name\">TimeUnit<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token constant\">SECONDS<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ArrayBlockingQueue<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">2000<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ThreadPoolExecutor<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>AbortPolicy<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u53ea\u662f\u5c55\u793a\u9694\u79bb\u601d\u8def&#xff0c;\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u3001\u961f\u5217\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u62d2\u7edd\u7b56\u7565\u90fd\u8981\u6309\u538b\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u7279\u5f81\u6765\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b83\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u6709\u56db\u6761&#xff1a;\u9650\u5236\u5e76\u53d1\u4e1a\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u6570\u91cf\u3001\u9650\u5236\u6392\u961f\u4efb\u52a1\u6570\u91cf\u3001\u9632\u6b62\u8bf7\u6c42\u65e0\u9650\u79ef\u538b\u3001\u8fc7\u8f7d\u65f6\u89e6\u53d1\u660e\u786e\u7684\u62d2\u7edd\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u7528\u65e0\u754c\u961f\u5217&#xff1f;\u4efb\u52a1\u5230\u8fbe\u901f\u5ea6\u957f\u671f\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u901f\u5ea6\u65f6&#xff0c;\u961f\u5217\u4f1a\u4e00\u8def\u6da8\u5230 OOM&#xff0c;\u8bf7\u6c42\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>AbortPolicy \u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u629b\u51fa\u62d2\u7edd\u6267\u884c\u5f02\u5e38&#xff0c;\u4e1a\u52a1\u91cc\u8981\u628a\u5b83\u8f6c\u6210\u5408\u9002\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u54cd\u5e94\u6216\u964d\u7ea7\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u8d8a\u5927\u8d8a\u597d\u3002CPU \u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u4efb\u52a1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u592a\u591a\u53cd\u800c\u589e\u52a0\u8c03\u5ea6\u5f00\u9500&#xff1b;I\/O \u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u6570\u8981\u7ed3\u5408\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u4e0b\u6e38\u5bb9\u91cf\u548c\u6574\u4f53\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6765\u6d4b\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5341\u3001\u600e\u4e48\u8bc1\u660e\u7cfb\u7edf\u771f\u80fd\u625b\u4f4f\u767e\u4e07\u5e76\u53d1<\/h3>\n<p>\u804a\u5230\u8fd9\u513f&#xff0c;\u9762\u8bd5\u5b98\u4f1a\u4ece\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8f6c\u5411\u5bb9\u91cf\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u5219&#xff1a;\u67b6\u6784\u56fe\u4e0a\u753b\u4e86 20 \u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u767e\u4e07\u5e76\u53d1&#xff0c;\u5fc5\u987b\u6d4b\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>10.1 \u5148\u5efa\u7acb\u5bb9\u91cf\u6a21\u578b<\/h4>\n<p>\u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u660e\u786e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u6807&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u6307\u6807\u9700\u8981\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6700\u5927\u8fde\u63a5\u6570<\/td>\n<td>\u6bcf\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u80fd\u7a33\u5b9a\u7ef4\u6301\u591a\u5c11\u8fde\u63a5&#xff1f;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\u901f\u7387<\/td>\n<td>\u6bcf\u79d2\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u591a\u5c11\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5&#xff1f;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>QPS<\/td>\n<td>\u6bcf\u79d2\u80fd\u5904\u7406\u591a\u5c11\u4e1a\u52a1\u8bf7\u6c42&#xff1f;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6d88\u606f\u541e\u5410\u91cf<\/td>\n<td>\u6bcf\u79d2\u80fd\u5904\u7406\u591a\u5c11\u6761\u6d88\u606f&#xff1f;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7f51\u7edc\u5e26\u5bbd<\/td>\n<td>\u4e0a\u4e0b\u884c\u6d41\u91cf\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5230\u74f6\u9888&#xff1f;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528<\/td>\n<td>\u8fde\u63a5\u589e\u52a0\u65f6\u5185\u5b58\u600e\u4e48\u589e\u957f&#xff1f;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5ef6\u8fdf<\/td>\n<td>P95\u3001P99 \u5ef6\u8fdf\u662f\u591a\u5c11&#xff1f;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u9519\u8bef\u7387<\/td>\n<td>\u8d85\u8f7d\u65f6\u5931\u8d25\u7387\u600e\u4e48\u53d8\u5316&#xff1f;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6545\u969c\u6062\u590d<\/td>\n<td>\u8282\u70b9\u6545\u969c\u540e\u591a\u4e45\u6062\u590d&#xff1f;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u91cd\u70b9\u770b P99\u3002\u5e73\u5747\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u6f02\u4eae&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4ecd\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u5c11\u91cf\u8bf7\u6c42\u7b49\u5f88\u4e45&#xff0c;\u5c3e\u90e8\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5f80\u5f80\u66f4\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>10.2 \u5206\u9636\u6bb5\u538b\u6d4b<\/h4>\n<p>\u522b\u4e00\u4e0a\u6765\u5c31\u538b 100 \u4e07\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u9010\u6b65\u52a0&#xff1a;1 \u4e07\u30015 \u4e07\u300110 \u4e07\u300125 \u4e07\u300150 \u4e07\u3001100 \u4e07\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u90fd\u8981\u89c2\u5bdf CPU \u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001GC\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u541e\u5410\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u6570\u91cf\u3001TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u7387\u548c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>WebSocket \u670d\u52a1\u8fd8\u8981\u5206\u522b\u6d4b&#xff1a;\u5927\u91cf\u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u7ef4\u6301\u7a7a\u95f2\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u6240\u6709\u8fde\u63a5\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u6d88\u606f\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5411\u5927\u91cf\u8fde\u63a5\u63a8\u9001\u3001\u90e8\u5206\u7f51\u5173\u6545\u969c\u3001\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u96c6\u4e2d\u91cd\u8fde\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u573a\u666f\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u53ef\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u7a33\u6302 100 \u4e07\u7a7a\u95f2\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u4f46\u6240\u6709\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u6d88\u606f\u65f6 CPU \u76f4\u63a5\u6253\u6ee1\u3002\u538b\u6d4b\u8981\u6a21\u62df\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u5206\u5e03&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ea\u6d4b&#034;\u8fde\u4e0a\u4e86&#034;\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>10.3 \u538b\u6d4b\u673a\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u74f6\u9888<\/h4>\n<p>\u7528\u4e00\u53f0\u666e\u901a\u673a\u5668\u53bb\u53d1 100 \u4e07\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u538b\u6d4b\u673a\u81ea\u5df1\u53ef\u80fd\u5148\u6491\u4e0d\u4f4f&#xff1a;\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u4e0d\u591f\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u8017\u5c3d\u3001\u7f51\u5361\u6253\u6ee1\u3001CPU \u9971\u548c\u3001\u5efa\u8fde\u901f\u7387\u4e0a\u4e0d\u53bb\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u8d44\u6e90\u8fd8\u5bcc\u4f59&#xff0c;\u76ee\u6807\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u5374\u600e\u4e48\u4e5f\u5230\u4e0d\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u538b\u6d4b\u901a\u5e38\u8981\u7528\u591a\u53f0\u538b\u6d4b\u673a&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5355\u72ec\u76d1\u63a7\u538b\u6d4b\u7aef\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5341\u4e00\u3001\u9762\u8bd5\u5b98\u53ef\u80fd\u8ffd\u95ee\u7684 8 \u4e2a\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u68c0\u9a8c\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u61c2\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u8ffd\u95ee 1&#xff1a;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<p>\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u5f88\u5927\u65f6&#xff0c;\u963b\u585e\u5f0f I\/O \u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u9ad8\u6602\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6808\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u8c03\u5ea6\u548c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u6210\u672c\u3002NIO\u3001Selector\u3001epoll \u548c Netty \u8fd9\u4e9b\u673a\u5236&#xff0c;\u80fd\u8ba9\u5c11\u91cf\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u8fde\u63a5\u7684 I\/O \u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u4e1a\u52a1\u91cc\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf CPU \u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u90e8\u5206&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u662f\u8981\u6709\u5408\u7406\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u8ffd\u95ee 2&#xff1a;\u767e\u4e07\u8fde\u63a5\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u9700\u8981\u767e\u4e07\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e0d\u662f\u3002\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u548c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e00\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\u5f88\u591a\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u5177\u4f53\u80fd\u7ba1\u591a\u5c11\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6d88\u606f\u9891\u7387\u3001\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u3001CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u5ef6\u8fdf\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u8ffd\u95ee 3&#xff1a;\u7f13\u5b58\u547d\u4e2d\u7387 99%&#xff0c;\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u538b\u57ae\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e0d\u662f\u30021% \u7684\u672a\u547d\u4e2d\u5728\u9ad8 QPS \u4e0b\u4f9d\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u5927\u7b14\u67e5\u8be2&#xff1b;\u70ed\u70b9 Key \u5931\u6548\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f13\u5b58\u51fb\u7a7f&#xff1b;\u7f13\u5b58\u81ea\u8eab\u4e5f\u6709\u5bb9\u91cf\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u5e26\u5bbd\u548c\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u8fd8\u8981\u914d\u5408\u70ed\u70b9\u4fdd\u62a4\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u5408\u5e76\u3001\u9650\u6d41\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5bb9\u91cf\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u8ffd\u95ee 4&#xff1a;\u52a0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5c31\u80fd\u65e0\u9650\u6269\u5bb9<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e0d\u80fd\u3002\u6c34\u5e73\u6269\u5bb9\u80fd\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b&#xff0c;\u4f46\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd8\u4f1a\u88ab\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5bb9\u91cf\u3001Redis \u541e\u5410\u91cf\u3001\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u5e26\u5bbd\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u7ade\u4e89\u3001\u5168\u5c40\u9501\u3001\u5355\u5206\u7247\u70ed\u70b9\u548c\u5916\u90e8\u4f9d\u8d56\u9650\u989d\u5361\u4f4f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6269\u5bb9\u4e4b\u524d\u5148\u627e\u5230\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u8ffd\u95ee 5&#xff1a;\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u53ea\u6709 2 \u4e07 QPS&#xff0c;\u5165\u53e3\u6709 10 \u4e07 QPS \u600e\u4e48\u529e<\/h4>\n<p>\u7528\u7f13\u5b58\u6321\u6389\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u8bfb&#xff0c;\u53ef\u5f02\u6b65\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u8d70\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217&#xff0c;\u5165\u53e3\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u5c42\u9650\u6d41&#xff0c;\u4f18\u5316 SQL \u4e0e\u7d22\u5f15&#xff0c;\u8bfb\u5199\u5206\u79bb\u6216\u5206\u7247&#xff0c;\u518d\u7528\u9694\u79bb\u548c\u964d\u7ea7\u4fdd\u4f4f\u6838\u5fc3\u4e1a\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\u8981\u95ee\u6e05\u695a&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a 2 \u4e07 QPS \u662f\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48 SQL\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u6570\u636e\u89c4\u6a21\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e8b\u52a1\u9694\u79bb\u7ea7\u522b\u548c\u786c\u4ef6\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u6d4b\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u67e5\u8be2\u6210\u672c\u5dee\u522b\u5f88\u5927&#xff0c;QPS \u4e0d\u80fd\u8131\u79bb\u4e1a\u52a1\u6761\u4ef6\u5f53\u56fa\u5b9a\u6307\u6807\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u8ffd\u95ee 6&#xff1a;\u4e00\u53f0\u7f51\u5173\u5b95\u673a&#xff0c;\u600e\u4e48\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u6389\u7ebf<\/h4>\n<p>TCP \u548c WebSocket \u957f\u8fde\u63a5\u5728\u7f51\u5173\u6545\u969c\u65f6\u901a\u5e38\u5c31\u662f\u65ad\u4e86&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6cd5\u9760\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u628a\u539f\u8fde\u63a5\u65e0\u7f1d\u8fc1\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u8981\u9760\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u91cd\u8fde\u3001\u4f1a\u8bdd\u6062\u590d\u3001\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u66f4\u65b0&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u53ca\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u8865\u507f\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u8ffd\u95ee 7&#xff1a;\u767e\u4e07 WebSocket \u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u767e\u4e07 HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b<\/h4>\n<p>HTTP \u66f4\u5173\u6ce8\u8bf7\u6c42\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u590d\u7528\u3001\u54cd\u5e94\u5ef6\u8fdf\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u3002WebSocket \u9664\u4e86\u6d88\u606f\u541e\u5410&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u8981\u7ef4\u62a4\u957f\u671f\u8fde\u63a5\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u5fc3\u8df3\u3001\u8def\u7531\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u91cd\u8fde\u6062\u590d\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8fde\u63a5\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u65f6\u95f4\u7a7a\u95f2&#xff0c;\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3b\u8981\u53d7\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u8fde\u63a5\u7ba1\u7406\u6210\u672c\u5f71\u54cd&#xff1b;\u5982\u679c\u6240\u6709\u8fde\u63a5\u90fd\u5728\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u6d88\u606f&#xff0c;CPU\u3001\u5e26\u5bbd\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u5c31\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u8ffd\u95ee 8&#xff1a;\u5fc5\u987b\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u7ec8\u65b9\u6848&#xff0c;\u4f60\u600e\u4e48\u9009<\/h4>\n<p>\u5178\u578b\u7684 Java \u957f\u8fde\u63a5\u4e1a\u52a1&#xff0c;\u6211\u4f1a\u8fd9\u6837\u6392&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u56db\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5206\u53d1 TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7528 Netty \u6784\u5efa\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u6216\u8f7b\u72b6\u6001\u7684 WebSocket \u7f51\u5173\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7f51\u5173\u672c\u5730\u7ef4\u62a4\u771f\u5b9e\u8fde\u63a5\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7528 Redis \u7b49\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7ef4\u62a4\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8def\u7531\u5143\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8017\u65f6\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e0e I\/O \u7ebf\u7a0b\u9694\u79bb\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u89e3\u8026\u9002\u5408\u5f02\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6309\u8bbf\u95ee\u7279\u5f81\u4f7f\u7528 Redis \u7f13\u5b58\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7528\u9650\u6d41\u3001\u8d85\u65f6\u3001\u7194\u65ad\u548c\u6709\u754c\u961f\u5217\u4fdd\u62a4\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u901a\u8fc7\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u538b\u6d4b\u786e\u5b9a\u5355\u673a\u5b89\u5168\u5bb9\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7f51\u5173\u6545\u969c\u540e\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u91cd\u8fde\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u6062\u590d\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n<p>\u5177\u4f53\u4e0a\u4e0d\u4e0a\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u662f\u8981\u770b\u4e1a\u52a1\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u538b\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5341\u4e8c\u3001\u4e24\u5206\u949f\u7248\u672c<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5168\u8bb2\u4e00\u904d&#xff0c;\u9762\u8bd5\u65f6\u95f4\u80af\u5b9a\u4e0d\u591f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5148\u7ed9\u6574\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784&#xff0c;\u518d\u6839\u636e\u8ffd\u95ee\u5c55\u5f00\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4efd\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u62ff\u6765\u7ec3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8ba9\u6211\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u4e2a\u652f\u6301\u767e\u4e07\u5e76\u53d1\u7684 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\u3002\u8fd9\u9053\u9898\u5728\u540e\u7aef\u9762\u8bd5\u91cc\u51fa\u73b0\u9891\u7387\u5f88\u9ad8\u3002\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u95ee\u7684\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u600e\u4e48\u8bbe\u8ba1&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u9645\u8003\u7684\u662f\u4f60\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u3001\u7f13\u5b58\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u67b6\u6784\u4e32\u6210\u4e00\u6761\u7ebf&#xff0c;\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ad9\u5f97\u4f4f\u811a\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u8981\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u4e2a Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;\u8981\u6c42\u652f\u6301 100 \u4e07\u5e76\u53d1\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u4f60\u4f1a\u600e\u4e48\u8bbe\u8ba1&#xff1f;\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e0a\u6765\u5c31\u662f Nginx 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