{"id":118455,"date":"2026-10-27T13:17:49","date_gmt":"2026-10-27T05:17:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/118455.html"},"modified":"2026-10-27T13:17:49","modified_gmt":"2026-10-27T05:17:49","slug":"%e5%88%86%e5%b8%83%e5%bc%8fid%e4%b8%8e%e6%8e%a5%e5%8f%a3%e5%b9%82%e7%ad%89%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1%e5%ae%9e%e6%88%98%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/118455.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5206\u5e03\u5f0fID\u4e0e\u63a5\u53e3\u5e42\u7b49\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b9e\u6218\u6307\u5357"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f ID \u4e0e\u63a5\u53e3\u5e42\u7b49\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b9e\u6218\u6307\u5357<\/h2>\n

\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e24\u5927\u57fa\u7840\u80fd\u529b：\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u600e\u4e48\u751f\u6210\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d\u7684 ID？\u91cd\u590d\u8bf7\u6c42\u6765\u4e86\u600e\u4e48\u4fdd\u8bc1\u53ea\u751f\u6548\u4e00\u6b21？\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f ID \u4e0e\u63a5\u53e3\u5e42\u7b49\u662f CSDN \u67b6\u6784\u677f\u5757\u6700\u70ed\u95e8\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ece ID \u9700\u6c42\u8bb2\u8d77，\u8986\u76d6\u5e38\u89c1\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f ID \u65b9\u6848（UUID\/\u96ea\u82b1\/\u53f7\u6bb5）\u3001\u63a5\u53e3\u5e42\u7b49\u7684\u539f\u7406\u3001\u65b9\u6848\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3001\u5b9e\u6218\u843d\u5730（Redis\/\u6570\u636e\u5e93\/Token），\u5168\u7a0b\u5e26\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f ID<\/h3>\n

1.1 \u5355\u673a\u81ea\u589e\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/h4>\n

\u5355\u5e93\u81ea\u589e\u4e3b\u952e\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898，\u5206\u5e93\u5206\u8868\u540e：
\n– \u4e24\u4e2a\u5e93\u5404\u81ea\u4ece 1 \u5f00\u59cb \u2192 \u4e3b\u952e\u51b2\u7a81
\n– \u8ba2\u5355\u53f7\u8981\u5168\u5c40\u552f\u4e00 \u2192 \u9700\u8981\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f ID<\/p>\n

1.2 \u5206\u5e03\u5f0f ID \u7684\u9700\u6c42<\/h4>\n\n\u8981\u6c42\u8bf4\u660e<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u5168\u5c40\u552f\u4e00<\/td>\n\u6240\u6709\u673a\u5668\u751f\u6210\u7684 ID \u4e0d\u91cd\u590d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u8d8b\u52bf\u9012\u589e<\/td>\n\u5bf9\u7d22\u5f15\u53cb\u597d（MySQL \u4e3b\u952e）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd<\/td>\n\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u4e0b\u751f\u6210\u5feb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528<\/td>\n\u751f\u6210\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u80fd\u6302<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5b89\u5168\u6027（\u53ef\u9009）<\/td>\n\u4e0d\u66b4\u9732\u8ba2\u5355\u91cf（\u4e0d\u8fde\u7eed）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u65b9\u6848\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h3>\n\n\u65b9\u6848\u539f\u7406\u4f18\u70b9\u7f3a\u70b9<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
UUID<\/td>\n128 \u4f4d\u968f\u673a<\/td>\n\u7edd\u5bf9\u552f\u4e00\u3001\u65e0\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/td>\n\u65e0\u5e8f\u3001\u592a\u957f（\u7d22\u5f15\u5dee）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u81ea\u589e<\/td>\n\u72ec\u7acb\u53d1\u53f7\u8868<\/td>\n\u7b80\u5355\u6709\u5e8f<\/td>\n\u5355\u70b9\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4f4e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u53f7\u6bb5\u6a21\u5f0f<\/td>\n\u6279\u91cf\u53d6\u53f7\u6bb5<\/td>\n\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd<\/td>\n\u9700\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u96ea\u82b1\u7b97\u6cd5<\/td>\n\u65f6\u95f4\u6233+\u673a\u5668+\u5e8f\u5217<\/td>\n\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u8d8b\u52bf\u9012\u589e<\/td>\n\u4f9d\u8d56\u65f6\u949f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Redis \u81ea\u589e<\/td>\nINCR<\/td>\n\u7b80\u5355<\/td>\n\u4f9d\u8d56 Redis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

2.1 UUID（\u7b80\u5355\u4f46\u522b\u4e71\u7528）<\/h4>\n

\/\/ \u751f\u6210<\/span>
\nString<\/span> id =<\/span> UUID<\/span>.<\/span>randomUUID<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>toString<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n\/\/ \u5f62\u5982：550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ \u95ee\u9898：36 \u4f4d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001\u65e0\u5e8f<\/span>
\n\/\/ \u7528\u505a MySQL \u4e3b\u952e \u2192 \u9875\u5206\u88c2\u4e25\u91cd\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u5927<\/span>
\n\/\/ \u9002\u7528：\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3001\u6d88\u606f ID\u3001\u4e34\u65f6\u6807\u8bc6（\u4e0d\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e3b\u952e）<\/span><\/p>\n

2.2 \u96ea\u82b1\u7b97\u6cd5（\u6700\u6d41\u884c）<\/h4>\n

Snowflake 64 \u4f4d\u7ed3\u6784：
\n| 1 bit \u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d | 41 bit \u65f6\u95f4\u6233（\u6beb\u79d2） | 10 bit \u673a\u5668 ID | 12 bit \u5e8f\u5217\u53f7 |<\/p>\n

– \u65f6\u95f4\u6233：69 \u5e74\u5185\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d
\n– \u673a\u5668 ID：1024 \u53f0
\n– \u5e8f\u5217\u53f7：\u6bcf\u6beb\u79d2 4096 \u4e2a
\n– \u7279\u70b9：\u8d8b\u52bf\u9012\u589e\u3001\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u65e0\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u96ea\u82b1\u7b97\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0（\u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91）<\/span>
\npublic<\/span> class<\/span> SnowflakeIdWorker<\/span> {<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ \u5404\u90e8\u5206\u4f4d\u6570<\/span>
\n private<\/span> final<\/span> long<\/span> workerIdBits =<\/span> 10L<\/span>;<\/span>
\n private<\/span> final<\/span> long<\/span> sequenceBits =<\/span> 12L<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

private<\/span> final<\/span> long<\/span> workerId;<\/span> \/\/ \u673a\u5668 ID<\/span>
\n private<\/span> long<\/span> sequence =<\/span> 0L<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u5e8f\u5217\u53f7<\/span>
\n private<\/span> long<\/span> lastTimestamp =<\/span> –<\/span>1L<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ \u65f6\u95f4\u7eaa\u5143（\u53ef\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u8d77\u70b9）<\/span>
\n private<\/span> final<\/span> long<\/span> epoch =<\/span> 1700000000000L<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

public<\/span> SnowflakeIdWorker<\/span>(<\/span>long<\/span> workerId)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n this<\/span>.<\/span>workerId =<\/span> workerId;<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

public<\/span> synchronized<\/span> long<\/span> nextId<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n long<\/span> timestamp =<\/span> System<\/span>.<\/span>currentTimeMillis<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ \u65f6\u949f\u56de\u62e8\u4fdd\u62a4<\/span>
\n if<\/span> (<\/span>timestamp <<\/span> lastTimestamp)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n throw<\/span> new<\/span> RuntimeException<\/span>(<\/span>"\u65f6\u949f\u56de\u62e8，\u62d2\u7edd\u751f\u6210"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ \u540c\u4e00\u6beb\u79d2\u5185：\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7\u9012\u589e<\/span>
\n if<\/span> (<\/span>lastTimestamp ==<\/span> timestamp)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n sequence =<\/span> (<\/span>sequence +<\/span> 1<\/span>)<\/span> &<\/span> 4095<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ 4096 \u4e2a<\/span>
\n if<\/span> (<\/span>sequence ==<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n \/\/ \u5e8f\u5217\u53f7\u7528\u5c3d，\u7b49\u4e0b\u4e00\u6beb\u79d2<\/span>
\n timestamp =<\/span> tilNextMillis<\/span>(<\/span>lastTimestamp)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n }<\/span> else<\/span> {<\/span>
\n sequence =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u65b0\u6beb\u79d2，\u5e8f\u5217\u91cd\u7f6e<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

lastTimestamp =<\/span> timestamp;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ \u7ec4\u88c5 64 \u4f4d ID<\/span>
\n return<\/span> (<\/span>(<\/span>timestamp –<\/span> epoch)<\/span> <<<\/span> 22<\/span>)<\/span>
\n |<\/span> (<\/span>workerId <<<\/span> 12<\/span>)<\/span>
\n |<\/span> sequence;<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

private<\/span> long<\/span> tilNextMillis<\/span>(<\/span>long<\/span> lastTimestamp)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n long<\/span> ts =<\/span> System<\/span>.<\/span>currentTimeMillis<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n while<\/span> (<\/span>ts <=<\/span> lastTimestamp)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n ts =<\/span> System<\/span>.<\/span>currentTimeMillis<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n return<\/span> ts;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\u751f\u4ea7\u5efa\u8bae：\u4e0d\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u5199\u2014\u2014\u7528\u73b0\u6210\u7684（MyBatis-Plus \u5185\u7f6e\u3001Hutool IdUtil\u3001\u7f8e\u56e2 Leaf）\u3002<\/p>\n

2.3 \u53f7\u6bb5\u6a21\u5f0f（Leaf-segment）<\/h4>\n

\u539f\u7406：\u6bcf\u6b21\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u53f7\u6bb5（\u5982 1-1000），\u5185\u5b58\u91cc\u6162\u6162\u53d1
\n\u7528\u5b8c\u4e86\u518d\u53d6\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u53f7\u6bb5（1001-2000）<\/p>\n

– \u6027\u80fd：\u4e00\u6b21\u53d6\u53f7\u6bb5 = \u53d1 1000 \u4e2a ID（DB \u538b\u529b\u5c0f）
\n– \u9ad8\u53ef\u7528：\u591a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5404\u81ea\u62ff\u4e0d\u540c\u53f7\u6bb5
\n– \u8d8b\u52bf\u9012\u589e：\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7d22\u5f15\u53cb\u597d<\/p>\n

— \u53d1\u53f7\u8868<\/span>
\nCREATE<\/span> TABLE<\/span> id_alloc (<\/span>
\n biz_tag VARCHAR<\/span>(<\/span>50<\/span>)<\/span> PRIMARY<\/span> KEY<\/span>,<\/span> — \u4e1a\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b<\/span>
\n max_id BIGINT<\/span> NOT<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span> — \u5df2\u5206\u914d\u5230\u7684\u6700\u5927 ID<\/span>
\n step INT<\/span> NOT<\/span> NULL<\/span> DEFAULT<\/span> 1000<\/span> — \u53f7\u6bb5\u6b65\u957f<\/span>
\n)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ \u53d6\u53f7\u6bb5<\/span>
\npublic<\/span> IdSegment<\/span> nextSegment<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span> bizTag)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n \/\/ 1. \u66f4\u65b0 max_id += step（CAS\/\u9501）<\/span>
\n int<\/span> affected =<\/span> idAllocMapper.<\/span>incrementMaxId<\/span>(<\/span>bizTag,<\/span> step)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n if<\/span> (<\/span>affected ==<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n throw<\/span> new<\/span> RuntimeException<\/span>(<\/span>"\u53f7\u6bb5\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n \/\/ 2. \u8fd4\u56de\u65b0\u53f7\u6bb5 [max_id-step+1, max_id]<\/span>
\n IdSegment<\/span> seg =<\/span> idAllocMapper.<\/span>selectByTag<\/span>(<\/span>bizTag)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n return<\/span> new<\/span> IdSegment<\/span>(<\/span>seg.<\/span>getMaxId<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> –<\/span> seg.<\/span>getStep<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> +<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span>
\n seg.<\/span>getMaxId<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9009\u578b\u5efa\u8bae：<\/p>\n\n\u573a\u666f\u65b9\u6848<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u7b80\u5355\u5355\u4f53<\/td>\n\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u81ea\u589e \/ UUID<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5206\u5e93\u5206\u8868\u4e3b\u952e<\/td>\n\u96ea\u82b1 \/ \u53f7\u6bb5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u8ba2\u5355\u53f7<\/td>\n\u53f7\u6bb5（Leaf）\/ \u96ea\u82b1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u65e0\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8bc9\u6c42<\/td>\n\u96ea\u82b1（\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56 DB\/Redis）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n

\u4e09\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u63a5\u53e3\u5e42\u7b49<\/h3>\n

3.1 \u95ee\u9898\u573a\u666f<\/h4>\n

\u7528\u6237\u70b9\u4e86\u4e24\u6b21"\u63d0\u4ea4\u8ba2\u5355"\u2192 \u751f\u6210\u4e86\u4e24\u7b14\u8ba2\u5355
\n\u652f\u4ed8\u56de\u8c03\u91cd\u8bd5\u4e86 3 \u6b21 \u2192 \u5165\u8d26 3 \u6b21
\nMQ \u91cd\u590d\u6d88\u8d39 \u2192 \u77ed\u4fe1\u53d1\u4e86 2 \u904d<\/p>\n

\u672c\u8d28：\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u6267\u884c\u591a\u6b21，\u7ed3\u679c\u53ea\u751f\u6548\u4e00\u6b21 = \u5e42\u7b49<\/p>\n

3.2 \u54ea\u4e9b\u63a5\u53e3\u9700\u8981\u5e42\u7b49<\/h4>\n\n\u63a5\u53e3\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u521b\u5efa\u8ba2\u5355<\/td>\n\u91cd\u590d\u63d0\u4ea4 \u2192 \u91cd\u590d\u8ba2\u5355<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u652f\u4ed8\u56de\u8c03<\/td>\n\u7f51\u7edc\u91cd\u8bd5 \u2192 \u91cd\u590d\u5165\u8d26<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6263\u51cf\u5e93\u5b58<\/td>\n\u91cd\u590d\u6263 \u2192 \u8d85\u5356<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u53d1\u77ed\u4fe1\/\u90ae\u4ef6<\/td>\n\u91cd\u590d\u53d1 \u2192 \u9a9a\u6270<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u8f6c\u8d26<\/td>\n\u91cd\u590d\u8f6c \u2192 \u8d44\u91d1\u9519\u8bef<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

3.3 \u4e0d\u5e42\u7b49\u7684\u672c\u8d28<\/h4>\n

– \u63d2\u5165\u578b\u64cd\u4f5c：\u6bcf\u6b21\u63d2\u5165\u90fd\u65b0\u589e\u4e00\u6761 \u2192 \u4e0d\u5e42\u7b49
\n– \u66f4\u65b0\u578b\u64cd\u4f5c：UPDATE \u56fa\u5b9a\u503c \u2192 \u5e42\u7b49（\u5929\u7136）
\n– \u66f4\u65b0\u578b\u64cd\u4f5c：UPDATE +1（\u81ea\u589e）\u2192 \u4e0d\u5e42\u7b49（\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u52a0）<\/p>\n

\n

\u56db\u3001\u5e42\u7b49\u65b9\u6848\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h3>\n\n\u65b9\u6848\u539f\u7406\u4f18\u70b9\u7f3a\u70b9<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15<\/td>\nDB \u7ea6\u675f\u552f\u4e00\u952e<\/td>\n\u6700\u53ef\u9760<\/td>\n\u9700\u8bbe\u8ba1\u552f\u4e00\u952e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Token \u673a\u5236<\/td>\n\u5148\u53d6 token \u518d\u63d0\u4ea4<\/td>\n\u7b80\u5355<\/td>\n\u591a\u4e00\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u72b6\u6001\u673a<\/td>\n\u6821\u9a8c\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001<\/td>\n\u4e1a\u52a1\u8026\u5408<\/td>\n\u6709\u72b6\u6001\u624d\u884c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u9501<\/td>\n\u9501\u4f4f\u64cd\u4f5c<\/td>\n\u901a\u7528<\/td>\n\u6027\u80fd\u5f00\u9500<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u53bb\u91cd\u8868<\/td>\n\u8bb0\u5f55\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7684 ID<\/td>\n\u53ef\u9760<\/td>\n\u4e00\u5f20\u8868<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Redis \u53bb\u91cd<\/td>\nSETNX \u6807\u8bb0<\/td>\n\u5feb<\/td>\n\u4f9d\u8d56 Redis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u9009\u578b\u5efa\u8bae：<\/p>\n

\u5199\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c \u2192 \u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15（DB \u515c\u5e95，\u6700\u53ef\u9760）
\n\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u63a5\u53e3 \u2192 Token \u673a\u5236
\n\u72b6\u6001\u6d41\u8f6c \u2192 \u72b6\u6001\u673a\u6821\u9a8c
\n\u901a\u7528\u515c\u5e95 \u2192 Redis SETNX + \u4e1a\u52a1\u6821\u9a8c<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e94\u3001\u65b9\u6848\u4e00：\u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15（\u6700\u53ef\u9760）<\/h3>\n

— \u8ba2\u5355\u8868\u52a0\u552f\u4e00\u952e：\u9632\u6b62\u540c\u4e00\u7528\u6237\u540c\u4e00\u7b14\u8bf7\u6c42\u91cd\u590d\u4e0b\u5355<\/span>
\nCREATE<\/span> TABLE<\/span> `<\/span>order`<\/span><\/span> (<\/span>
\n id BIGINT<\/span> PRIMARY<\/span> KEY<\/span>,<\/span>
\n order_no VARCHAR<\/span>(<\/span>32<\/span>)<\/span> NOT<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span>
\n user_id BIGINT<\/span> NOT<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span>
\n request_id VARCHAR<\/span>(<\/span>64<\/span>)<\/span> NOT<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span> — \u5e42\u7b49\u952e（\u524d\u7aef\u751f\u6210\/\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u5e26）<\/span>
\n .<\/span>.<\/span>.<\/span>
\n UNIQUE<\/span> KEY<\/span> uk_request (<\/span>user_id,<\/span> request_id)<\/span> — \u552f\u4e00\u7ea6\u675f<\/span>
\n)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

@Transactional<\/span>
\npublic<\/span> Order<\/span> createOrder<\/span>(<\/span>OrderDTO<\/span> dto)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n Order<\/span> order =<\/span> buildOrder<\/span>(<\/span>dto)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n try<\/span> {<\/span>
\n orderMapper.<\/span>insert<\/span>(<\/span>order)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n return<\/span> order;<\/span>
\n }<\/span> catch<\/span> (<\/span>DuplicateKeyException<\/span> e)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n \/\/ \u552f\u4e00\u952e\u51b2\u7a81 = \u91cd\u590d\u8bf7\u6c42 \u2192 \u8fd4\u56de\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8ba2\u5355<\/span>
\n return<\/span> orderMapper.<\/span>selectByRequestId<\/span>(<\/span>
\n dto.<\/span>getUserId<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span> dto.<\/span>getRequestId<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8981\u70b9：<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u5e42\u7b49\u952e：\u524d\u7aef\u751f\u6210 requestId（UUID），\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u5e26\u4e0a；<\/li>\n
  • \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u552f\u4e00\u7ea6\u675f\u515c\u5e95（\u5e76\u53d1\u4e0b\u4e5f\u5b89\u5168）；<\/li>\n
  • \u6355\u83b7 DuplicateKeyException \u8fd4\u56de\u65e7\u7ed3\u679c\u2014\u2014\u91cd\u590d\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fd4\u56de\u9996\u6b21\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \n

    \u516d\u3001\u65b9\u6848\u4e8c：Token \u673a\u5236（\u63d0\u4ea4\u524d\u53d6\u4ee4\u724c）<\/h3>\n

    \/\/ \u6d41\u7a0b：<\/span>
    \n\/\/ 1. \u6253\u5f00\u9875\u9762 \u2192 GET \/token \u62ff\u4e00\u4e2a token（\u5b58 Redis）<\/span>
    \n\/\/ 2. \u63d0\u4ea4\u65f6\u5e26 token \u2192 \u6821\u9a8c\u5e76\u5220\u9664（SETNX + \u5220）<\/span>
    \n\/\/ 3. token \u5df2\u88ab\u7528\u8fc7 \u2192 \u62d2\u7edd（\u91cd\u590d\u63d0\u4ea4）<\/span><\/p>\n

    @RestController<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span> class<\/span> OrderController<\/span> {<\/span><\/p>\n

    @Autowired<\/span>
    \n private<\/span> StringRedisTemplate<\/span> redis;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ 1. \u53d6 token<\/span>
    \n @GetMapping<\/span>(<\/span>"\/order\/token"<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n public<\/span> Result<\/span> getToken<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n String<\/span> token =<\/span> UUID<\/span>.<\/span>randomUUID<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>toString<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n redis.<\/span>opsForValue<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>set<\/span>(<\/span>"token:order:"<\/span> +<\/span> token,<\/span>
    \n "1"<\/span>,<\/span> 5<\/span>,<\/span> TimeUnit<\/span>.<\/span>MINUTES<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> Result<\/span>.<\/span>ok<\/span>(<\/span>token)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ 2. \u63d0\u4ea4\u8ba2\u5355（\u5e26 token）<\/span>
    \n @PostMapping<\/span>(<\/span>"\/order"<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n public<\/span> Result<\/span> createOrder<\/span>(<\/span>@RequestHeader<\/span>(<\/span>"X-Idempotent-Token"<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n String<\/span> token,<\/span>
    \n @RequestBody<\/span> OrderDTO<\/span> dto)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u6821\u9a8c token：\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u5220\u9664（\u539f\u5b50），\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728 = \u91cd\u590d<\/span>
    \n Boolean<\/span> first =<\/span> redis.<\/span>opsForValue<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n .<\/span>setIfAbsent<\/span>(<\/span>"used:order:"<\/span> +<\/span> token,<\/span> "1"<\/span>,<\/span> 5<\/span>,<\/span> TimeUnit<\/span>.<\/span>MINUTES<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>Boolean<\/span>.<\/span>TRUE<\/span>.<\/span>equals<\/span>(<\/span>first)<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> Result<\/span>.<\/span>error<\/span>(<\/span>"\u8bf7\u52ff\u91cd\u590d\u63d0\u4ea4"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u6216\u8005：\u5148 GET \u518d DELETE（\u7528 Lua \u4fdd\u8bc1\u539f\u5b50）<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u8fd9\u91cc\u7528 SETNX \u53d8\u4f53，\u7b80\u5355\u53ef\u9760<\/span><\/p>\n

    return<\/span> Result<\/span>.<\/span>ok<\/span>(<\/span>orderService.<\/span>create<\/span>(<\/span>dto)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u6ce8\u610f：<\/p>\n

      \n
    • token \u7528\u540e\u5373\u711a（\u5220\u9664\/\u6807\u8bb0），\u9632\u91cd\u653e；<\/li>\n
    • SETNX \u5931\u8d25\u8bf4\u660e\u5df2\u7528\u8fc7 \u2192 \u62d2\u7edd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \n

      \u4e03\u3001\u65b9\u6848\u4e09：\u72b6\u6001\u673a\u6821\u9a8c（\u6709\u72b6\u6001\u64cd\u4f5c）<\/h3>\n

      \/\/ \u573a\u666f：\u8ba2\u5355\u72b6\u6001\u6d41\u8f6c（\u521b\u5efa \u2192 \u5df2\u652f\u4ed8 \u2192 \u5df2\u53d1\u8d27 \u2192 \u5df2\u5b8c\u6210）<\/span>
      \n\/\/ \u91cd\u590d\u652f\u4ed8\u56de\u8c03：\u5df2\u652f\u4ed8\u72b6\u6001\u518d\u6536\u5230\u56de\u8c03 \u2192 \u76f4\u63a5\u5ffd\u7565<\/span><\/p>\n

      @Transactional<\/span>
      \npublic<\/span> void<\/span> payCallback<\/span>(<\/span>Long<\/span> orderId,<\/span> BigDecimal<\/span> amount)<\/span> {<\/span>
      \n Order<\/span> order =<\/span> orderMapper.<\/span>selectById<\/span>(<\/span>orderId)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

      \/\/ \u72b6\u6001\u6821\u9a8c：\u53ea\u6709"\u5f85\u652f\u4ed8"\u624d\u80fd\u652f\u4ed8<\/span>
      \n if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>OrderStatus<\/span>.<\/span>WAIT_PAY<\/span>.<\/span>equals<\/span>(<\/span>order.<\/span>getStatus<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
      \n \/\/ \u5df2\u652f\u4ed8\/\u5df2\u5173\u95ed \u2192 \u91cd\u590d\u56de\u8c03，\u76f4\u63a5\u5ffd\u7565（\u5e42\u7b49）<\/span>
      \n log.<\/span>info<\/span>(<\/span>"\u8ba2\u5355 {} \u72b6\u6001\u5df2\u662f {}，\u5ffd\u7565\u91cd\u590d\u56de\u8c03"<\/span>,<\/span>
      \n orderId,<\/span> order.<\/span>getStatus<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n return<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

      \/\/ \u6761\u4ef6\u66f4\u65b0（CAS）：status=WAIT_PAY \u624d\u66f4\u65b0<\/span>
      \n int<\/span> affected =<\/span> orderMapper.<\/span>updateStatusIf<\/span>(<\/span>orderId,<\/span>
      \n OrderStatus<\/span>.<\/span>WAIT_PAY<\/span>,<\/span> OrderStatus<\/span>.<\/span>PAID<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n if<\/span> (<\/span>affected ==<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
      \n \/\/ \u72b6\u6001\u5df2\u53d8（\u5e76\u53d1\u5904\u7406\u8fc7）\u2192 \u5e42\u7b49\u6210\u529f<\/span>
      \n return<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n }<\/span>
      \n \/\/ \u652f\u4ed8\u6210\u529f\u4e1a\u52a1：\u5165\u8d26\u3001\u53d1\u901a\u77e5<\/span>
      \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

      — \u6761\u4ef6\u66f4\u65b0 SQL（\u72b6\u6001\u673a + CAS）<\/span>
      \nUPDATE<\/span> `<\/span>order`<\/span><\/span>
      \nSET<\/span> status<\/span> =<\/span> #{newStatus}, pay_time = NOW()<\/span>
      \nWHERE<\/span> id =<\/span> #{orderId} AND status = #{expectStatus};<\/span>
      \n— \u5f71\u54cd\u884c\u6570 = 0 \u2192 \u72b6\u6001\u5df2\u53d8 \u2192 \u91cd\u590d\u8bf7\u6c42<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u8981\u70b9：WHERE \u5e26\u671f\u671b\u72b6\u6001，\u66f4\u65b0\u6210\u529f\u624d\u7b97\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u2014\u2014\u5e76\u53d1\u4e0b\u4e5f\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u80fd\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n

      \n

      \u516b\u3001\u65b9\u6848\u56db：Redis \u53bb\u91cd（\u901a\u7528\u515c\u5e95）<\/h3>\n

      \/\/ \u901a\u7528\u5e42\u7b49\u6ce8\u89e3 + Redis \u5b9e\u73b0<\/span>
      \n@Target<\/span>(<\/span>ElementType<\/span>.<\/span>METHOD<\/span>)<\/span>
      \n@Retention<\/span>(<\/span>RetentionPolicy<\/span>.<\/span>RUNTIME<\/span>)<\/span>
      \npublic<\/span> @interface<\/span> Idempotent<\/span> {<\/span>
      \n String<\/span> key<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u5e42\u7b49\u952e\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f（SpEL）<\/span>
      \n int<\/span> expireSeconds<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> default<\/span> 60<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u6709\u6548\u671f<\/span>
      \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

      @Component<\/span>
      \npublic<\/span> class<\/span> IdempotentAspect<\/span> {<\/span><\/p>\n

      @Autowired<\/span>
      \n private<\/span> StringRedisTemplate<\/span> redis;<\/span><\/p>\n

      @Around<\/span>(<\/span>"@annotation(idempotent)"<\/span>)<\/span>
      \n public<\/span> Object<\/span> around<\/span>(<\/span>ProceedingJoinPoint<\/span> pjp,<\/span>
      \n Idempotent<\/span> idempotent)<\/span> throws<\/span> Throwable<\/span> {<\/span>
      \n \/\/ 1. \u89e3\u6790\u5e42\u7b49\u952e（SpEL \u4ece\u53c2\u6570\u91cc\u53d6）<\/span>
      \n String<\/span> key =<\/span> parseKey<\/span>(<\/span>pjp,<\/span> idempotent.<\/span>key<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n String<\/span> fullKey =<\/span> "idem:"<\/span> +<\/span> key;<\/span><\/p>\n

      \/\/ 2. SETNX \u6807\u8bb0（\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6210\u529f，\u91cd\u590d\u5931\u8d25）<\/span>
      \n Boolean<\/span> first =<\/span> redis.<\/span>opsForValue<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
      \n .<\/span>setIfAbsent<\/span>(<\/span>fullKey,<\/span> "1"<\/span>,<\/span>
      \n idempotent.<\/span>expireSeconds<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span> TimeUnit<\/span>.<\/span>SECONDS<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>Boolean<\/span>.<\/span>TRUE<\/span>.<\/span>equals<\/span>(<\/span>first)<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
      \n throw<\/span> new<\/span> BusinessException<\/span>(<\/span>"\u91cd\u590d\u8bf7\u6c42，\u8bf7\u52ff\u63d0\u4ea4"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

      try<\/span> {<\/span>
      \n return<\/span> pjp.<\/span>proceed<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n }<\/span> catch<\/span> (<\/span>Exception<\/span> e)<\/span> {<\/span>
      \n \/\/ \u4e1a\u52a1\u5931\u8d25：\u5220\u6807\u8bb0（\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u8bd5）<\/span>
      \n redis.<\/span>delete<\/span>(<\/span>fullKey)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n throw<\/span> e;<\/span>
      \n }<\/span>
      \n }<\/span>
      \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

      \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528<\/span>
      \n@PostMapping<\/span>(<\/span>"\/order"<\/span>)<\/span>
      \n@Idempotent<\/span>(<\/span>key =<\/span> "#dto.userId + ':' + #dto.requestId"<\/span>,<\/span>
      \n expireSeconds =<\/span> 120<\/span>)<\/span>
      \npublic<\/span> Result<\/span> createOrder<\/span>(<\/span>@RequestBody<\/span> OrderDTO<\/span> dto)<\/span> {<\/span>
      \n return<\/span> Result<\/span>.<\/span>ok<\/span>(<\/span>orderService.<\/span>create<\/span>(<\/span>dto)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u6ce8\u610f：Redis \u65b9\u6848\u9002\u5408"\u9632\u9ad8\u9891\u91cd\u590d"，\u6700\u7ec8\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u9760\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15\u515c\u5e95\u2014\u2014Redis \u548c DB \u53cc\u4fdd\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n

      \n

      \u4e5d\u3001\u5b9e\u6218：\u4e0b\u5355\u9632\u91cd\u5b8c\u6574\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n

      \/\/ \u7ec4\u5408\u65b9\u6848：Token（\u9632\u8fde\u70b9）+ \u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15（DB \u515c\u5e95）+ \u72b6\u6001\u673a<\/span>
      \n@RestController<\/span>
      \npublic<\/span> class<\/span> OrderController<\/span> {<\/span><\/p>\n

      @PostMapping<\/span>(<\/span>"\/order"<\/span>)<\/span>
      \n public<\/span> Result<\/span> createOrder<\/span>(<\/span>@RequestHeader<\/span>(<\/span>value =<\/span>
      \n "X-Request-Id"<\/span>,<\/span> required =<\/span> false<\/span>)<\/span>
      \n String<\/span> requestId,<\/span>
      \n @RequestBody<\/span> OrderDTO<\/span> dto)<\/span> {<\/span>
      \n \/\/ 1. \u5e42\u7b49\u952e\u7f3a\u5931\u5219\u751f\u6210<\/span>
      \n if<\/span> (<\/span>requestId ==<\/span> null<\/span> ||<\/span> requestId.<\/span>isBlank<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
      \n requestId =<\/span> UUID<\/span>.<\/span>randomUUID<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>toString<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

      \/\/ 2. Redis \u5feb\u901f\u53bb\u91cd（\u6321 99% \u91cd\u590d）<\/span>
      \n Boolean<\/span> first =<\/span> redis.<\/span>opsForValue<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>setIfAbsent<\/span>(<\/span>
      \n "order:idem:"<\/span> +<\/span> dto.<\/span>getUserId<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> +<\/span> ":"<\/span> +<\/span> requestId,<\/span>
      \n "1"<\/span>,<\/span> 60<\/span>,<\/span> TimeUnit<\/span>.<\/span>SECONDS<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>Boolean<\/span>.<\/span>TRUE<\/span>.<\/span>equals<\/span>(<\/span>first)<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
      \n return<\/span> Result<\/span>.<\/span>error<\/span>(<\/span>"\u8bf7\u52ff\u91cd\u590d\u63d0\u4ea4"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

      try<\/span> {<\/span>
      \n \/\/ 3. \u521b\u5efa\u8ba2\u5355（DB \u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15\u515c\u5e95）<\/span>
      \n Order<\/span> order =<\/span> orderService.<\/span>create<\/span>(<\/span>dto,<\/span> requestId)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n return<\/span> Result<\/span>.<\/span>ok<\/span>(<\/span>order)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n }<\/span> catch<\/span> (<\/span>DuplicateKeyException<\/span> e)<\/span> {<\/span>
      \n \/\/ 4. \u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15\u62e6\u622a = \u5e76\u53d1\u91cd\u590d \u2192 \u8fd4\u56de\u5df2\u6709\u8ba2\u5355<\/span>
      \n return<\/span> Result<\/span>.<\/span>ok<\/span>(<\/span>orderService.<\/span>findByRequestId<\/span>(<\/span>
      \n dto.<\/span>getUserId<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span> requestId)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n }<\/span>
      \n }<\/span>
      \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u4e09\u5c42\u9632\u7ebf：<\/p>\n

      Redis SETNX \u2192 \u6321\u8fde\u70b9（\u5feb）
      \nDB \u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15 \u2192 \u6321\u5e76\u53d1（\u7a33）
      \n\u72b6\u6001\u673a\u6821\u9a8c \u2192 \u6321\u72b6\u6001\u91cd\u590d（\u4e1a\u52a1\u51c6）<\/p>\n

      \n

      \u5341\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u5751\u901f\u67e5<\/h3>\n\n\u73b0\u8c61\u539f\u56e0\u89e3\u51b3<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \u91cd\u590d\u8ba2\u5355<\/td>\n\u6ca1\u5e42\u7b49\u952e<\/td>\n\u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15 + requestId<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Redis \u6807\u8bb0\u5931\u6548<\/td>\n\u8fc7\u671f\u592a\u77ed<\/td>\n\u4e1a\u52a1\u65f6\u957f+1 \u5206\u949f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u4e1a\u52a1\u5931\u8d25\u4e0d\u80fd\u91cd\u8bd5<\/td>\n\u6807\u8bb0\u6ca1\u5220<\/td>\n\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\u5220\u6807\u8bb0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u5e76\u53d1\u90fd\u8fc7\u4e86<\/td>\n\u53ea\u67e5\u4e0d\u63d2<\/td>\n\u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15\u515c\u5e95<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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