{"id":117232,"date":"2026-10-22T23:17:12","date_gmt":"2026-10-22T15:17:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/117232.html"},"modified":"2026-10-22T23:17:12","modified_gmt":"2026-10-22T15:17:12","slug":"matlab%e6%95%b0%e5%ad%97%e4%bf%a1%e5%8f%b7%e5%a4%84%e7%90%86%e5%b8%b8%e7%94%a8%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b0%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/117232.html","title":{"rendered":"MATLAB\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u5e38\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u8be6\u89e3"},"content":{"rendered":"

MATLAB \u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u5e38\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u6574\u7406：\u4ece\u4fe1\u53f7\u751f\u6210\u3001FFT \u5230\u6570\u5b57\u6ee4\u6ce2<\/h2>\n

\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u6bb5 ADC \u91c7\u6837\u6570\u636e\u65f6，\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898：\u600e\u6837\u753b\u51fa\u65f6\u57df\u6ce2\u5f62？\u600e\u6837\u5224\u65ad\u91cc\u9762\u5305\u542b\u54ea\u4e9b\u9891\u7387？\u5982\u4f55\u6291\u5236\u9ad8\u9891\u5e72\u6270？\u8bbe\u8ba1\u597d\u6ee4\u6ce2\u5668\u540e，\u53c8\u600e\u6837\u67e5\u770b\u5b83\u7684\u6548\u679c？<\/p>\n

MATLAB \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u76f8\u5173\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4e0e\u5176\u6309\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u8bb0\u5fc6，\u4e0d\u5982\u6cbf\u7740\u5b9e\u9645\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\u5b66\u4e60：<\/p>\n

\u751f\u6210\u6216\u5bfc\u5165\u6570\u636e \u2192 \u9884\u5904\u7406 \u2192 \u65f6\u57df\u4e0e\u9891\u57df\u5206\u6790 \u2192 \u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u6ee4\u6ce2 \u2192 \u9a8c\u8bc1\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u672c\u6587\u6309\u7167\u901f\u67e5\u56fe\u4e2d\u768412\u4e2a\u7c7b\u522b，\u6574\u7406\u5e38\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u53ca\u5176\u7528\u9014，\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u793a\u4f8b\u4e32\u8d77\u8fd9\u6761\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u5185\u5bb9\u9762\u5411\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u5165\u95e8，\u4e5f\u9002\u5408\u505a\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u91c7\u6837\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u65f6\u67e5\u9605\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u8bf4\u660e：\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5305\u62ec MATLAB \u57fa\u7840\u51fd\u6570\u548c Signal Processing Toolbox \u51fd\u6570，\u90e8\u5206\u529f\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u76f8\u5e94\u5de5\u5177\u7bb1\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u5dee\u5f02，\u53ef\u7528 doc \u51fd\u6570\u540d \u67e5\u770b\u672c\u673a\u6587\u6863\u3002\u672c\u6587\u662f\u5e38\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u7cbe\u9009，\u5e76\u975e MATLAB \u5168\u90e8\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406 API\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5148\u5206\u6e05\u4e09\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u91cf<\/h3>\n

\u5728\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u4e4b\u524d，\u5148\u533a\u5206\u91c7\u6837\u7387\u3001\u91c7\u6837\u70b9\u6570\u548c\u4fe1\u53f7\u9891\u7387：<\/p>\n\n\u7b26\u53f7\u542b\u4e49\u793a\u4f8b<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
Fs<\/td>\n\u91c7\u6837\u7387，\u6bcf\u79d2\u91c7\u96c6\u7684\u6837\u672c\u6570，\u5355\u4f4d Hz<\/td>\nFs = 1000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
N<\/td>\n\u4e00\u6bb5\u6570\u636e\u5305\u542b\u7684\u91c7\u6837\u70b9\u6570<\/td>\nN = 1000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
f0<\/td>\n\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u9891\u7387，\u5355\u4f4d Hz<\/td>\nf0 = 50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ts<\/td>\n\u91c7\u6837\u5468\u671f，Ts = 1\/Fs，\u5355\u4f4d s<\/td>\nTs = 0.001<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u4f8b\u5982，\u75281000 Hz\u91c7\u6837\u7387\u751f\u62101000\u4e2a\u91c7\u6837\u70b9：<\/p>\n

Fs =<\/span> 1000<\/span>;<\/span>
\nN =<\/span> 1000<\/span>;<\/span>
\nt =<\/span> (<\/span>0<\/span>:<\/span>N–<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> \/<\/span> Fs;<\/span>
\nx =<\/span> sin<\/span>(<\/span>2<\/span>*<\/span>pi<\/span>*<\/span>50<\/span>*<\/span>t)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 t \u4ece0\u5f00\u59cb，\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u70b9\u662f0.999 s\u3002\u91c7\u7528 (0:N-1)\/Fs \u53ef\u4ee5\u51c6\u786e\u63a7\u5236\u70b9\u6570，\u907f\u514d\u628a 0:1\/Fs:1 \u4ea7\u751f\u76841001\u4e2a\u70b9\u8bef\u5f53\u62101000\u4e2a\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a N \u7684\u6570\u636e\u505a N \u70b9 FFT，\u9891\u7387\u7f51\u683c\u95f4\u8ddd\u4e3a Fs\/N\u3002\u5b83\u4e0e\u89c2\u5bdf\u65f6\u957f\u3001\u7a97\u51fd\u6570\u5171\u540c\u5f71\u54cd\u9891\u8c31\u5206\u6790；\u4ec5\u589e\u52a0\u8865\u96f6\u957f\u5ea6，\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8ba9\u539f\u672c\u65e0\u6cd5\u533a\u5206\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fd1\u90bb\u9891\u7387\u771f\u6b63\u53d8\u5f97\u53ef\u5206\u8fa8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u300112\u7c7b\u5e38\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u901f\u67e5<\/h3>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u5efa\u7acb\u6574\u4f53\u8ba4\u8bc6，\u6211\u5c06 MATLAB \u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6309\u7528\u9014\u6574\u7406\u6210\u4e86\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u5f20\u901f\u67e5\u56fe，\u6db5\u76d6\u4fe1\u53f7\u751f\u6210\u3001\u9891\u8c31\u5206\u6790\u3001\u6ee4\u6ce2\u5668\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u91cd\u91c7\u6837\u7b4912\u4e2a\u7c7b\u522b\u3002\u521d\u5b66\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5b83\u68b3\u7406\u77e5\u8bc6\u6846\u67b6，\u540e\u7eed\u5904\u7406\u91c7\u6837\u6570\u636e\u65f6，\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u7167\u67e5\u627e\u9700\u8981\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002 \"\u56fe1<\/p>\n

01 \u4fe1\u53f7\u751f\u6210\u4e0e\u5e8f\u5217<\/h4>\n\n\u51fd\u6570\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u9014<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
sin \/ cos \/ exp<\/td>\n\u6b63\u5f26\u3001\u4f59\u5f26\u3001\u6307\u6570\u5e8f\u5217<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
zeros \/ ones \/ linspace<\/td>\n\u96f6\u5e8f\u5217\u3001\u5e38\u91cf\u3001\u7b49\u95f4\u9694\u70b9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
rand \/ randn<\/td>\n\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03 \/ \u6807\u51c6\u6b63\u6001\u968f\u673a\u6570<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
square \/ sawtooth<\/td>\n\u65b9\u6ce2 \/ \u952f\u9f7f\u6ce2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
chirp \/ sinc<\/td>\n\u626b\u9891\u4fe1\u53f7 \/ \u5f52\u4e00\u5316 sinc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
rectpuls \/ tripuls \/ pulstran<\/td>\n\u77e9\u5f62\u8109\u51b2 \/ \u4e09\u89d2\u8109\u51b2 \/ \u8109\u51b2\u5217<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u4f8b\u5982 randn(size(t)) \u53ef\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u5411\u91cf\u540c\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u6b63\u6001\u968f\u673a\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u5199\u6210 0.1*randn(size(t)) \u65f6，\u566a\u58f0\u6807\u51c6\u5dee\u4e3a0.1\u3002sinc(x) \u4f7f\u7528\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u5b9a\u4e49，\u5373 sin(pi*x)\/(pi*x)，\u5728\u96f6\u70b9\u53d6\u503c\u4e3a1\u3002<\/p>\n

02 \u6570\u636e\u5bfc\u5165\u4e0e\u9884\u5904\u7406<\/h4>\n\n\u51fd\u6570\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u9014<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
readmatrix \/ load<\/td>\n\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u503c\u6587\u4ef6 \/ MAT \u6570\u636e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
audioread \/ audiowrite<\/td>\n\u8bfb\u53d6 \/ \u5199\u5165\u97f3\u9891<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
detrend<\/td>\n\u53bb\u5747\u503c\u6216\u53bb\u7ebf\u6027\u8d8b\u52bf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
mean \/ std \/ var<\/td>\n\u5747\u503c \/ \u6807\u51c6\u5dee \/ \u65b9\u5dee<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
movmean \/ movmedian<\/td>\n\u6ed1\u52a8\u5e73\u5747 \/ \u6ed1\u52a8\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
normalize \/ fillmissing<\/td>\n\u6570\u636e\u6807\u51c6\u5316 \/ \u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u586b\u5145<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u5bfc\u5165\u6570\u636e\u540e，\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u8868\u5934\u3001\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u3001\u5f02\u5e38\u70b9\u548c\u5355\u4f4d\u6362\u7b97\u95ee\u9898\u3002detrend(x) \u9ed8\u8ba4\u53bb\u9664\u7ebf\u6027\u8d8b\u52bf，detrend(x,0) \u53bb\u9664\u5747\u503c\u3002\u53bb\u76f4\u6d41\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u6210 x-mean(x)，\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u76f4\u6d41\u5206\u91cf\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u6d4b\u91cf\u76ee\u6807，\u5c31\u4e0d\u5e94\u968f\u610f\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n

03 \u65f6\u57df\u8fd0\u7b97\u4e0e\u4fe1\u53f7\u7279\u5f81<\/h4>\n\n\u51fd\u6570\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u9014<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
conv \/ cconv<\/td>\n\u7ebf\u6027\u5377\u79ef \/ \u5706\u5468\u5377\u79ef<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
xcorr \/ xcov<\/td>\n\u4e92\u76f8\u5173\u6216\u81ea\u76f8\u5173 \/ \u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u5e8f\u5217<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
diff \/ cumsum<\/td>\n\u5dee\u5206 \/ \u7d2f\u52a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
rms \/ peak2peak<\/td>\n\u6709\u6548\u503c \/ \u5cf0\u5cf0\u503c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
findpeaks \/ find<\/td>\n\u5cf0\u503c\u68c0\u6d4b \/ \u67e5\u627e\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u7d22\u5f15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
hilbert \/ envelope<\/td>\n\u89e3\u6790\u4fe1\u53f7 \/ \u5305\u7edc\u63d0\u53d6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

rms \u9002\u5408\u8ba1\u7b97\u91c7\u6837\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u6709\u6548\u503c，peak2peak \u8868\u793a\u6700\u5927\u503c\u4e0e\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\u4e4b\u5dee\u3002xcorr \u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u89c2\u5bdf\u5468\u671f\u6027\u6216\u4f30\u8ba1\u4e24\u8def\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u65f6\u5ef6，\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u5e94\u7ed3\u5408\u8fd4\u56de\u7684 lags，\u5e76\u786e\u8ba4\u8f93\u5165\u987a\u5e8f\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u65f6\u5ef6\u7b26\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n

04 FFT \u4e0e\u9891\u57df\u53d8\u6362<\/h4>\n\n\u51fd\u6570\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u9014<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
fft \/ ifft<\/td>\n\u5feb\u901f\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u53d8\u6362 \/ \u9006\u53d8\u6362<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
fftshift \/ ifftshift<\/td>\n\u96f6\u9891\u5c45\u4e2d \/ \u64a4\u9500\u79fb\u4f4d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
abs \/ angle \/ unwrap<\/td>\n\u5e45\u503c \/ \u76f8\u4f4d \/ \u76f8\u4f4d\u5c55\u5f00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
real \/ imag \/ conj<\/td>\n\u5b9e\u90e8 \/ \u865a\u90e8 \/ \u5171\u8f6d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
nextpow2<\/td>\n\u6c42\u4e0d\u5c0f\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165\u503c\u7684 2 \u6b21\u5e42\u6307\u6570<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
dct \/ idct<\/td>\n\u79bb\u6563\u4f59\u5f26\u53d8\u6362 \/ \u9006\u53d8\u6362<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

fft \u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u590d\u6570\u3002abs(X) \u5f97\u5230\u6a21\u503c，angle(X) \u5f97\u5230\u76f8\u4f4d，\u4f46\u539f\u59cb\u6a21\u503c\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u89c6\u4e3a\u6b63\u786e\u6807\u5b9a\u7684\u5355\u8fb9\u5e45\u5ea6\u8c31\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5e45\u503c\u5f88\u5c0f\u7684\u9891\u7387\u5206\u91cf，\u76f8\u4f4d\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u566a\u58f0\u5f71\u54cd，\u89e3\u91ca\u65f6\u5e94\u7ed3\u5408\u5e45\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

05 \u7a97\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n\n\u51fd\u6570\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u9014<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
rectwin<\/td>\n\u77e9\u5f62\u7a97<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
hann \/ hamming<\/td>\n\u6c49\u5b81\u7a97 \/ \u6d77\u660e\u7a97<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
blackman \/ blackmanharris<\/td>\n\u5e03\u83b1\u514b\u66fc\u7a97 \/ \u5e03\u83b1\u514b\u66fc\u2013\u54c8\u91cc\u65af\u7a97<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
kaiser \/ tukeywin<\/td>\n\u51ef\u6cfd\u7a97 \/ \u6e10\u53d8\u4f59\u5f26\u7a97<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
gausswin \/ triang \/ bartlett<\/td>\n\u9ad8\u65af\u7a97 \/ \u4e09\u89d2\u7a97 \/ \u5df4\u7279\u5229\u7279\u7a97<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
chebwin \/ flattopwin<\/td>\n\u5207\u6bd4\u96ea\u592b\u7a97 \/ \u5e73\u9876\u7a97<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u622a\u53d6\u6709\u9650\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u6570\u636e，\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u7ed9\u4fe1\u53f7\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7a97\u51fd\u6570\u5728\u4e3b\u74e3\u5bbd\u5ea6\u548c\u65c1\u74e3\u6291\u5236\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u53d6\u820d\u3002\u52a0\u7a97\u540e\u82e5\u8981\u7cbe\u786e\u8bfb\u53d6\u6b63\u5f26\u5e45\u503c，\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u7a97\u7684\u76f8\u5e72\u589e\u76ca；\u4f30\u8ba1\u529f\u7387\u8c31\u5bc6\u5ea6\u65f6\u5219\u5e94\u91c7\u7528\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u529f\u7387\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

06 FIR \u6ee4\u6ce2\u5668\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h4>\n\n\u51fd\u6570\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u9014<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
fir1<\/td>\n\u7a97\u51fd\u6570\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1 FIR<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
fir2<\/td>\n\u4efb\u610f\u5e45\u9891\u54cd\u5e94 FIR \u8bbe\u8ba1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
firpm \/ firpmord<\/td>\n\u7b49\u6ce2\u7eb9\u8bbe\u8ba1 \/ \u4f30\u8ba1\u9636\u6570<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
firls<\/td>\n\u6700\u5c0f\u4e8c\u4e58 FIR \u8bbe\u8ba1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
kaiserord<\/td>\n\u51ef\u6cfd\u7a97\u6cd5\u9636\u6570\u4e0e\u53c2\u6570\u4f30\u8ba1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
designfilt<\/td>\n\u6309\u6307\u6807\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6570\u5b57\u6ee4\u6ce2\u5668<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

fir1(64,0.2) \u4e2d，64\u662f\u9636\u6570，\u8fd4\u56de65\u4e2a\u7cfb\u6570；0.2\u8868\u793a\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5948\u594e\u65af\u7279\u9891\u7387\u7684\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u622a\u6b62\u9891\u7387\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u5bf9\u79f0\u7ebf\u6027\u76f8\u4f4d FIR \u7684\u7fa4\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4e3a\u9636\u6570\u7684\u4e00\u534a，64\u9636\u5bf9\u5e9432\u4e2a\u91c7\u6837\u5468\u671f，\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5728\u5b9e\u65f6\u63a7\u5236\u4e2d\u5c24\u5176\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n

07 IIR \u6ee4\u6ce2\u5668\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h4>\n\n\u51fd\u6570\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u9014<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
butter \/ buttord<\/td>\n\u5df4\u7279\u6c83\u65af\u8bbe\u8ba1 \/ \u4f30\u8ba1\u9636\u6570<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cheby1 \/ cheb1ord<\/td>\n\u5207\u6bd4\u96ea\u592b I \u578b \/ \u4f30\u8ba1\u9636\u6570<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cheby2 \/ cheb2ord<\/td>\n\u5207\u6bd4\u96ea\u592b II \u578b \/ \u4f30\u8ba1\u9636\u6570<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ellip \/ ellipord<\/td>\n\u692d\u5706\u6ee4\u6ce2\u5668 \/ \u4f30\u8ba1\u9636\u6570<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
bilinear \/ impinvar<\/td>\n\u53cc\u7ebf\u6027\u53d8\u6362 \/ \u51b2\u6fc0\u54cd\u5e94\u4e0d\u53d8\u6cd5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tf2sos \/ zp2sos<\/td>\n\u4f20\u9012\u51fd\u6570 \/ \u96f6\u6781\u70b9\u8f6c\u4e8c\u9636\u8282<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

IIR \u901a\u5e38\u80fd\u7528\u8f83\u4f4e\u9636\u6570\u5b9e\u73b0\u8f83\u9661\u7684\u5e45\u9891\u53d8\u5316，\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u76f8\u4f4d\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u6570\u503c\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3002\u9ad8\u9636 IIR \u91c7\u7528\u9ad8\u9636\u591a\u9879\u5f0f\u7cfb\u6570\u76f4\u63a5\u5b9e\u73b0\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u6570\u503c\u654f\u611f，\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u4e8c\u9636\u8282\u7ed3\u6784；\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65f6\u4e5f\u5e94\u5c3d\u91cf\u91c7\u7528\u9002\u5408\u6570\u503c\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u8868\u793a\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

08 \u6ee4\u6ce2\u6267\u884c\u4e0e\u964d\u566a<\/h4>\n\n\u51fd\u6570\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u9014<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
filter<\/td>\n\u6309\u5dee\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u6570\u5b57\u6ee4\u6ce2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
filtfilt<\/td>\n\u524d\u540e\u5411\u96f6\u76f8\u4f4d\u6ee4\u6ce2，\u9002\u5408\u79bb\u7ebf\u5904\u7406<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sosfilt<\/td>\n\u4e8c\u9636\u8282\u7ea7\u8054\u6ee4\u6ce2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
lowpass \/ highpass<\/td>\n\u76f4\u63a5\u6267\u884c\u4f4e\u901a \/ \u9ad8\u901a\u6ee4\u6ce2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
bandpass \/ bandstop<\/td>\n\u76f4\u63a5\u6267\u884c\u5e26\u901a \/ \u5e26\u963b\u6ee4\u6ce2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
medfilt1 \/ sgolayfilt<\/td>\n\u4e00\u7ef4\u4e2d\u503c \/ Savitzky\u2013Golay \u6ee4\u6ce2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

fir1\u3001butter \u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7cfb\u6570，filter \u624d\u662f\u628a\u7cfb\u6570\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u6570\u636e\u4e0a\u3002filtfilt \u6267\u884c\u524d\u540e\u5411\u6ee4\u6ce2，\u53ef\u83b7\u5f97\u96f6\u76f8\u4f4d\u6548\u679c，\u4f46\u7b49\u6548\u5e45\u9891\u54cd\u5e94\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8，\u5e76\u5b58\u5728\u8fb9\u754c\u5904\u7406\u95ee\u9898，\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u5b83\u770b\u6210\u666e\u901a\u5b9e\u65f6\u6ee4\u6ce2\u5668\u7684\u65e0\u5ef6\u8fdf\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n

09 \u7cfb\u7edf\u54cd\u5e94\u4e0e\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/h4>\n\n\u51fd\u6570\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u9014<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
freqz<\/td>\n\u6570\u5b57\u6ee4\u6ce2\u5668\u9891\u7387\u54cd\u5e94<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
impz \/ stepz<\/td>\n\u51b2\u6fc0\u54cd\u5e94 \/ \u9636\u8dc3\u54cd\u5e94<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
grpdelay \/ phasedelay<\/td>\n\u7fa4\u5ef6\u8fdf \/ \u76f8\u4f4d\u5ef6\u8fdf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
zplane<\/td>\n\u96f6\u6781\u70b9\u56fe<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
roots \/ tf2zp \/ zp2tf<\/td>\n\u6c42\u6839 \/ \u7cfb\u6570\u4e0e\u96f6\u6781\u70b9\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e92\u8f6c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
isstable<\/td>\n\u5224\u65ad\u6570\u5b57\u6ee4\u6ce2\u5668\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

fft(x) \u56de\u7b54\u201c\u8fd9\u6bb5\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u9891\u7387\u201d，freqz(b,a) \u56de\u7b54\u201c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6ee4\u6ce2\u5668\u5982\u4f55\u6539\u53d8\u4e0d\u540c\u9891\u7387\u201d\u3002\u96f6\u6781\u70b9\u56fe\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u7406\u89e3\u7cfb\u7edf\u7279\u6027；\u5bf9\u56e0\u679c\u6709\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf，\u7ea6\u53bb\u516c\u56e0\u5b50\u540e，BIBO\u7a33\u5b9a\u8981\u6c42\u6240\u6709\u6781\u70b9\u4e25\u683c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5355\u4f4d\u5706\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n

10 \u529f\u7387\u8c31\u4e0e\u65f6\u9891\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n\n\u51fd\u6570\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u9014<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
periodogram \/ pwelch<\/td>\n\u5468\u671f\u56fe \/ Welch \u529f\u7387\u8c31\u5bc6\u5ea6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pburg \/ pyulear \/ pmusic<\/td>\n\u53c2\u6570\u8c31\u4f30\u8ba1 \/ MUSIC \u4f2a\u8c31<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
spectrogram \/ stft \/ istft<\/td>\n\u65f6\u9891\u8c31 \/ \u77ed\u65f6\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u53d8\u6362\u53ca\u9006\u53d8\u6362<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cpsd \/ mscohere<\/td>\n\u4e92\u529f\u7387\u8c31\u5bc6\u5ea6 \/ \u5e45\u503c\u5e73\u65b9\u76f8\u5e72\u6027<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tfestimate<\/td>\n\u7531\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u4f30\u8ba1\u4f20\u9012\u51fd\u6570<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
bandpower \/ snr \/ thd<\/td>\n\u9891\u5e26\u529f\u7387 \/ \u4fe1\u566a\u6bd4 \/ \u603b\u8c10\u6ce2\u5931\u771f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

pwelch \u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6bb5\u3001\u52a0\u7a97\u548c\u5e73\u5747\u4f30\u8ba1\u529f\u7387\u8c31\u5bc6\u5ea6，\u9002\u5408\u89c2\u5bdf\u542b\u566a\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u9891\u7387\u80fd\u91cf\u5206\u5e03\u3002spectrogram \u9002\u5408\u67e5\u770b\u9891\u7387\u6210\u5206\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u53d8\u5316，\u4f8b\u5982\u626b\u9891\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002\u529f\u7387\u8c31\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7684\u5355\u4f4d\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a\u201c\u4fe1\u53f7\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u5e73\u65b9\/Hz\u201d，\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0e\u5e45\u5ea6\u8c31\u6df7\u4e3a\u4e00\u8c08\u3002<\/p>\n

11 \u91cd\u91c7\u6837\u4e0e\u591a\u901f\u7387\u5904\u7406<\/h4>\n\n\u51fd\u6570\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u9014<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
downsample<\/td>\n\u6bcf\u9694\u82e5\u5e72\u70b9\u62bd\u53d6，\u4e0d\u81ea\u52a8\u6297\u6df7\u53e0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
upsample<\/td>\n\u63d2\u96f6\u4e0a\u91c7\u6837，\u4e0d\u81ea\u52a8\u53bb\u955c\u50cf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
decimate<\/td>\n\u4f4e\u901a\u6297\u6df7\u53e0\u6ee4\u6ce2\u540e\u964d\u91c7\u6837<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
interp<\/td>\n\u63d2\u503c\u6ee4\u6ce2\u540e\u63d0\u9ad8\u91c7\u6837\u7387<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
resample<\/td>\n\u6309 p\/q \u6bd4\u4f8b\u91cd\u91c7\u6837，\u542b\u6ee4\u6ce2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
upfirdn \/ interp1<\/td>\n\u63d2\u96f6\u2013FIR\u2013\u62bd\u53d6 \/ \u4e00\u7ef4\u63d2\u503c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

downsample \u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u62bd\u53d6\u6570\u636e，\u4e0d\u81ea\u52a8\u5b8c\u6210\u6297\u6df7\u53e0\u6ee4\u6ce2\u3002\u964d\u91c7\u6837\u524d\u5e94\u9650\u5236\u4fe1\u53f7\u5e26\u5bbd，\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u542b\u76f8\u5e94\u6ee4\u6ce2\u7684 decimate\u3001resample\u3002interp1 \u662f\u901a\u7528\u63d2\u503c\u5de5\u5177，\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b80\u5355\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u5e26\u6297\u6df7\u53e0\u5904\u7406\u7684\u91c7\u6837\u7387\u8f6c\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n

12 \u7ed8\u56fe\u3001\u67e5\u8be2\u4e0e\u5de5\u5177<\/h4>\n\n\u51fd\u6570\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u9014<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
plot \/ stem<\/td>\n\u8fde\u7eed\u66f2\u7ebf\u663e\u793a \/ \u79bb\u6563\u5e8f\u5217\u56fe<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
subplot \/ tiledlayout \/ nexttile<\/td>\n\u591a\u56fe\u5e03\u5c40<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
semilogx \/ imagesc<\/td>\n\u5bf9\u6570\u9891\u7387\u8f74 \/ \u77e9\u9635\u4f2a\u5f69\u56fe<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
xlabel \/ ylabel \/ title \/ legend<\/td>\n\u5750\u6807\u6807\u7b7e \/ \u6807\u9898 \/ \u56fe\u4f8b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
grid \/ xlim \/ ylim<\/td>\n\u7f51\u683c \/ \u5750\u6807\u8303\u56f4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
help \/ doc \/ which \/ ver<\/td>\n\u5e2e\u52a9 \/ \u6587\u6863 \/ \u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4f4d \/ \u7248\u672c\u5de5\u5177\u7bb1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

plot \u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u7ebf\u5c55\u793a\u6570\u636e，stem \u66f4\u9002\u5408\u5f3a\u8c03\u79bb\u6563\u91c7\u6837\u70b9\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u753b\u6210\u8fde\u7eed\u66f2\u7ebf，\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u79bb\u6563\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u9047\u5230\u51fd\u6570\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u65f6，\u53ef\u5148\u7528 which \u51fd\u6570\u540d \u548c ver \u68c0\u67e5\u8def\u5f84\u53ca\u5de5\u5177\u7bb1，\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5224\u65ad\u4e3a\u4ee3\u7801\u5199\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u793a\u4f8b：\u4fdd\u755950 Hz\u4fe1\u53f7，\u6291\u5236200 Hz\u5e72\u6270<\/h3>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u6784\u9020\u4e00\u6bb5\u540c\u65f6\u5305\u542b50 Hz\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u53f7\u3001200 Hz\u5e72\u6270\u548c\u968f\u673a\u566a\u58f0\u7684\u6570\u636e，\u518d\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u4e2a\u56db\u9636\u4f4e\u901a\u6ee4\u6ce2\u5668，\u67e5\u770b\u6ee4\u6ce2\u524d\u540e\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n

\u793a\u4f8b\u9700\u8981 Signal Processing Toolbox\u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u5c55\u793a\u7684\u662f\u7b97\u6cd5\u6d41\u7a0b，\u5e76\u975e\u5b9e\u9645\u786c\u4ef6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

clear;<\/span>
\nclc;<\/span>
\nclose all;<\/span>
\nrng<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> % \u56fa\u5b9a\u968f\u673a\u79cd\u5b50，\u4fbf\u4e8e\u590d\u73b0<\/span><\/p>\n

% 1. \u751f\u6210\u4fe1\u53f7<\/span>
\nFs =<\/span> 1000<\/span>;<\/span> % \u91c7\u6837\u7387，Hz<\/span>
\nN =<\/span> 2000<\/span>;<\/span> % \u91c7\u6837\u70b9\u6570<\/span>
\nt =<\/span> (<\/span>0<\/span>:<\/span>N–<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>\/<\/span>Fs;<\/span>
\nx =<\/span> sin<\/span>(<\/span>2<\/span>*<\/span>pi<\/span>*<\/span>50<\/span>*<\/span>t)<\/span> …<\/span>
\n +<\/span> 0.5<\/span>*<\/span>sin<\/span>(<\/span>2<\/span>*<\/span>pi<\/span>*<\/span>200<\/span>*<\/span>t)<\/span> …<\/span>
\n +<\/span> 0.15<\/span>*<\/span>randn<\/span>(<\/span>size<\/span>(<\/span>t)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

% 2. \u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f4e\u901a\u6ee4\u6ce2\u5668<\/span>
\nfc =<\/span> 100<\/span>;<\/span> % \u622a\u6b62\u9891\u7387，Hz<\/span>
\nWn =<\/span> fc\/<\/span>(<\/span>Fs\/<\/span>2<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> % \u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u622a\u6b62\u9891\u7387<\/span>
\n[<\/span>b,<\/span>a]<\/span> =<\/span> butter<\/span>(<\/span>4<\/span>,<\/span>Wn,<\/span>'low'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

% 3. \u6267\u884c\u56e0\u679c\u6ee4\u6ce2<\/span>
\ny =<\/span> filter<\/span>(<\/span>b,<\/span>a,<\/span>x)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

% 4. \u89c2\u5bdf\u65f6\u57df\u53d8\u5316<\/span>
\nfigure;<\/span>
\nsubplot<\/span>(<\/span>2<\/span>,<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nplot<\/span>(<\/span>t,<\/span>x)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nxlim<\/span>(<\/span>[<\/span>0<\/span> 0.1<\/span>]<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\ngrid on;<\/span>
\nxlabel<\/span>(<\/span>'\u65f6\u95f4 \/ s'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nylabel<\/span>(<\/span>'\u5e45\u503c'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\ntitle<\/span>(<\/span>'\u6ee4\u6ce2\u524d'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

subplot<\/span>(<\/span>2<\/span>,<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span>2<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nplot<\/span>(<\/span>t,<\/span>y)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nxlim<\/span>(<\/span>[<\/span>0<\/span> 0.1<\/span>]<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\ngrid on;<\/span>
\nxlabel<\/span>(<\/span>'\u65f6\u95f4 \/ s'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nylabel<\/span>(<\/span>'\u5e45\u503c'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\ntitle<\/span>(<\/span>'\u6ee4\u6ce2\u540e：\u6ce8\u610f\u542f\u52a8\u6682\u6001\u4e0e\u76f8\u4f4d\u53d8\u5316'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

% 5. \u67e5\u770b\u6ee4\u6ce2\u5668\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u9891\u7387\u54cd\u5e94<\/span>
\nfigure;<\/span>
\nfreqz<\/span>(<\/span>b,<\/span>a,<\/span>1024<\/span>,<\/span>Fs)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

% 6. \u6bd4\u8f83\u529f\u7387\u8c31\u5bc6\u5ea6，\u8df3\u8fc7\u524d200\u70b9\u542f\u52a8\u6682\u6001<\/span>
\nwin =<\/span> hann<\/span>(<\/span>256<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n[<\/span>Pxx,<\/span>f]<\/span> =<\/span> pwelch<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>(<\/span>201<\/span>:<\/span>end<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>win,<\/span>128<\/span>,<\/span>1024<\/span>,<\/span>Fs)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n[<\/span>Pyy,<\/span>~<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> pwelch<\/span>(<\/span>y<\/span>(<\/span>201<\/span>:<\/span>end<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>win,<\/span>128<\/span>,<\/span>1024<\/span>,<\/span>Fs)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

figure;<\/span>
\nplot<\/span>(<\/span>f,<\/span>10<\/span>*<\/span>log10<\/span>(<\/span>Pxx+<\/span>eps)<\/span>,<\/span> …<\/span>
\n f,<\/span>10<\/span>*<\/span>log10<\/span>(<\/span>Pyy+<\/span>eps)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\ngrid on;<\/span>
\nxlim<\/span>(<\/span>[<\/span>0<\/span> Fs\/<\/span>2<\/span>]<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nxlabel<\/span>(<\/span>'\u9891\u7387 \/ Hz'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nylabel<\/span>(<\/span>'\u529f\u7387\u8c31\u5bc6\u5ea6 \/ dB（\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e1\u5355\u4f4d\u00b2\/Hz）'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nlegend<\/span>(<\/span>'\u6ee4\u6ce2\u524d'<\/span>,<\/span>'\u6ee4\u6ce2\u540e'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\ntitle<\/span>(<\/span>'Welch \u529f\u7387\u8c31\u5bc6\u5ea6\u5bf9\u6bd4'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9605\u8bfb\u7ed3\u679c\u65f6，\u91cd\u70b9\u68c0\u67e5\u4e09\u4ef6\u4e8b：<\/p>\n

  • 50 Hz\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u6210\u5206\u662f\u5426\u5f97\u5230\u4fdd\u7559，200 Hz\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u6210\u5206\u662f\u5426\u660e\u663e\u8870\u51cf\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u9ad8\u9891\u566a\u58f0\u662f\u5426\u51cf\u5f31，\u540c\u65f6\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u628a\u6240\u9700\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e00\u5e76\u524a\u5f31\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u65f6\u57df\u4fe1\u53f7\u662f\u5426\u51fa\u73b0\u542f\u52a8\u6682\u6001\u548c\u76f8\u4f4d\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n

    100 Hz\u622a\u6b62\u9891\u7387\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u201c\u8d85\u8fc7\u5c31\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u9664\u201d\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u6ee4\u6ce2\u5668\u5b58\u5728\u8fc7\u6e21\u5e26，\u56db\u9636\u5df4\u7279\u6c83\u65af\u6ee4\u6ce2\u5668\u5728\u622a\u6b62\u9891\u7387\u9644\u8fd1\u7ea6\u4e3a\u22123 dB，\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5e45\u503c\u7acb\u5373\u53d8\u6210\u96f6\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u91cc\u8df3\u8fc7200\u70b9\u53ea\u662f\u793a\u4f8b\u5904\u7406，\u5b9e\u9645\u6682\u6001\u957f\u5ea6\u5e94\u6839\u636e\u6ee4\u6ce2\u5668\u54cd\u5e94\u5224\u65ad\u3002\u56fa\u5b9a\u8df3\u8fc7\u4e00\u6bb5\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u6ee4\u6ce2\u5668\u901a\u7528\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u56db\u3001FFT\u5355\u8fb9\u5e45\u5ea6\u8c31\u600e\u6837\u6b63\u786e\u753b？<\/h3>\n

    \u5982\u679c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u8bfb\u53d6\u6b63\u5f26\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5e45\u503c，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u5468\u671f\u3001\u5076\u6570\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u4f8b\u5b50\u7406\u89e3\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b：<\/p>\n

    Fs =<\/span> 1000<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nN =<\/span> 1000<\/span>;<\/span> % \u672c\u4f8b N \u4e3a\u5076\u6570<\/span>
    \nt =<\/span> (<\/span>0<\/span>:<\/span>N–<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>\/<\/span>Fs;<\/span>
    \nx =<\/span> 2<\/span>*<\/span>sin<\/span>(<\/span>2<\/span>*<\/span>pi<\/span>*<\/span>50<\/span>*<\/span>t)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    X =<\/span> fft<\/span>(<\/span>x)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nA2 =<\/span> abs<\/span>(<\/span>X)<\/span>\/<\/span>N;<\/span> % \u53cc\u8fb9\u5e45\u5ea6\u8c31<\/span>
    \nA1 =<\/span> A2<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>:<\/span>N\/<\/span>2<\/span>+<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> % \u4fdd\u7559\u975e\u8d1f\u9891\u7387<\/span>
    \nA1<\/span>(<\/span>2<\/span>:<\/span>end<\/span>–<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> =<\/span> 2<\/span>*<\/span>A1<\/span>(<\/span>2<\/span>:<\/span>end<\/span>–<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> % \u76f4\u6d41\u4e0e\u5948\u594e\u65af\u7279\u70b9\u4e0d\u7ffb\u500d<\/span>
    \nf =<\/span> (<\/span>0<\/span>:<\/span>N\/<\/span>2<\/span>)<\/span>*<\/span>Fs\/<\/span>N;<\/span><\/p>\n

    figure;<\/span>
    \nplot<\/span>(<\/span>f,<\/span>A1)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \ngrid on;<\/span>
    \nxlabel<\/span>(<\/span>'\u9891\u7387 \/ Hz'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nylabel<\/span>(<\/span>'\u5e45\u503c'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nxlim<\/span>(<\/span>[<\/span>0<\/span> 150<\/span>]<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65e0\u566a\u58f0\u3001\u6574\u5468\u671f\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d，50 Hz\u5904\u5e45\u503c\u5e94\u63a5\u8fd12\u3002\u82e5\u6539\u6210\u975e\u6574\u5468\u671f\u4fe1\u53f7\u6216\u52a0\u5165\u7a97\u51fd\u6570，\u8fd8\u8981\u8003\u8651\u9891\u8c31\u6cc4\u6f0f\u53ca\u7a97\u589e\u76ca；\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u8fd9\u51e0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u673a\u68b0\u5957\u7528\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u5e45\u503c\u6d4b\u91cf\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4ee5\u4e0a\u7d22\u5f15\u9488\u5bf9\u5076\u6570 N\u3002\u5f53 N \u4e3a\u5947\u6570\u65f6，\u6ca1\u6709\u6070\u597d\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5948\u594e\u65af\u7279\u9891\u7387\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u9891\u70b9，\u5355\u8fb9\u8c31\u4fdd\u7559\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0e\u7ffb\u500d\u8303\u56f4\u5e94\u76f8\u5e94\u8c03\u6574\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e94\u3001\u4e0e\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u5f00\u53d1\u7ed3\u5408\u65f6，\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u533a\u522b<\/h3>\n

    1. \u79bb\u7ebf\u6ee4\u6ce2\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u5b9e\u65f6\u6ee4\u6ce2<\/h4>\n

    \u5728\u7535\u8111\u4e0a，\u6574\u6bb5\u6570\u636e\u901a\u5e38\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u597d，\u53ef\u4ee5\u524d\u540e\u5411\u5904\u7406；\u5728\u5355\u7247\u673a\u4e2d，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u5df2\u7ecf\u5230\u8fbe\u7684\u6837\u672c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64，filtfilt \u9002\u5408\u67d0\u4e9b\u79bb\u7ebf\u5206\u6790，\u5b9e\u65f6\u56fa\u4ef6\u5219\u9700\u8981\u53ef\u56e0\u679c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5，\u5e76\u8003\u8651\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002<\/p>\n

    2. \u5206\u5757\u6ee4\u6ce2\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u7559\u72b6\u6001<\/h4>\n

    \u8fde\u7eed\u91c7\u96c6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u591a\u5757\u5904\u7406\u65f6，\u6bcf\u5757\u90fd\u4ece\u96f6\u72b6\u6001\u5f00\u59cb\u4f1a\u5f15\u5165\u8fb9\u754c\u6682\u6001\u3002MATLAB \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f20\u9012\u72b6\u6001：<\/p>\n

    zi =<\/span> zeros<\/span>(<\/span>max<\/span>(<\/span>length<\/span>(<\/span>a)<\/span>,<\/span>length<\/span>(<\/span>b)<\/span>)<\/span>–<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n[<\/span>y1,<\/span>zf]<\/span> =<\/span> filter<\/span>(<\/span>b,<\/span>a,<\/span>x1,<\/span>zi)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n[<\/span>y2,<\/span>zf]<\/span> =<\/span> filter<\/span>(<\/span>b,<\/span>a,<\/span>x2,<\/span>zf)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u91cc\u5047\u8bbe x1\u3001x2 \u662f\u540c\u4e00\u8def\u8fde\u7eed\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u5757\u3002\u5355\u7247\u673a\u5b9e\u73b0\u540c\u6837\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58\u5386\u53f2\u8f93\u5165\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u8f93\u51fa\u6216\u6ee4\u6ce2\u5668\u5185\u90e8\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n

    3. \u6ee4\u6ce2\u8d8a\u5e73\u6ed1，\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8d8a\u9002\u5408\u63a7\u5236<\/h4>\n

    \u6ee4\u6ce2\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u52a8\u6001\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u7528\u4e8e\u663e\u793a\u7684\u6ce2\u5f62\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u5e73\u6ed1\u5ef6\u8fdf，\u800c\u7535\u6e90\u63a7\u5236\u4e2d\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u6ee4\u6ce2\u8fd8\u8981\u8003\u8651\u76f8\u4f4d\u6ede\u540e\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u5e26\u5bbd\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

    4. \u4eff\u771f\u7cfb\u6570\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/h4>\n

    \u628a\u7cfb\u6570\u79fb\u690d\u5230STM32\u6216DSP\u524d，\u5e94\u6838\u5bf9\u5dee\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u3001\u7cfb\u6570\u987a\u5e8f\u3001\u53cd\u9988\u9879\u7b26\u53f7\u53ca\u662f\u5426\u8981\u6c42 a(1)=1，\u540c\u65f6\u68c0\u67e5\u6d6e\u70b9\u6216\u5b9a\u70b9\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3001\u6ea2\u51fa\u548c\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u3002MATLAB\u8ba1\u7b97\u6b63\u786e，\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u6362\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u540e\u4ecd\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u516d\u3001\u521d\u5b66\u65f6\u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u6392\u987a\u5e8f？<\/h3>\n

    \u5efa\u8bae\u5148\u7528\u5c11\u91cf\u51fd\u6570\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u6761\u5b8c\u6574\u6d41\u7a0b，\u518d\u9010\u6b65\u6269\u5c55：<\/p>\n\n\u9636\u6bb5\u4f18\u5148\u638c\u63e1\u8fbe\u5230\u7684\u76ee\u6807<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u770b\u61c2\u6570\u636e<\/td>\nreadmatrix\u3001plot\u3001stem\u3001mean\u3001rms<\/td>\n\u5bfc\u5165\u91c7\u6837\u503c，\u89c2\u5bdf\u6ce2\u5f62\u548c\u57fa\u672c\u6307\u6807<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u770b\u61c2\u9891\u7387<\/td>\nfft\u3001abs\u3001angle\u3001hann<\/td>\n\u7406\u89e3\u5e45\u5ea6\u8c31\u3001\u76f8\u4f4d\u548c\u52a0\u7a97<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u5b8c\u6210\u6ee4\u6ce2<\/td>\nbutter\u3001fir1\u3001filter\u3001freqz<\/td>\n\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6ee4\u6ce2\u5668\u5e76\u89e3\u91ca\u5904\u7406\u6548\u679c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5206\u6790<\/td>\npwelch\u3001spectrogram\u3001resample<\/td>\n\u5206\u6790\u566a\u58f0\u3001\u65f6\u53d8\u9891\u7387\u4e0e\u91c7\u6837\u7387\u8f6c\u6362<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u6bcf\u5b66\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570，\u6700\u597d\u540c\u65f6\u56de\u7b54\u4e09\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898：\u8f93\u5165\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u3001\u8f93\u51fa\u4ee3\u8868\u4ec0\u4e48\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u6761\u4ef6\u3002 \u8fd9\u6837\u9047\u5230\u771f\u5b9e\u91c7\u6837\u6570\u636e\u65f6，\u624d\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u8be5\u9009\u54ea\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570，\u4ee5\u53ca\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599<\/h3>\n
      \n
    • MathWorks：Signal Processing Toolbox \u6587\u6863<\/li>\n
    • MathWorks：FFT<\/li>\n
    • MathWorks：FIR\u6ee4\u6ce2\u5668\u8bbe\u8ba1 fir1<\/li>\n
    • MathWorks：\u96f6\u76f8\u4f4d\u6ee4\u6ce2 filtfilt<\/li>\n
    • MathWorks：Welch\u529f\u7387\u8c31\u5bc6\u5ea6 pwelch<\/li>\n
    • MathWorks：\u91c7\u6837\u7387\u8f6c\u6362 resample<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      MATLAB \u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u5e38\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u6574\u7406：\u4ece\u4fe1\u53f7\u751f\u6210\u3001FFT \u5230\u6570\u5b57\u6ee4\u6ce2
      \n\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u6bb5 ADC \u91c7\u6837\u6570\u636e\u65f6，\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898：\u600e\u6837\u753b\u51fa\u65f6\u57df\u6ce2\u5f62？\u600e\u6837\u5224\u65ad\u91cc\u9762\u5305\u542b\u54ea\u4e9b\u9891\u7387？\u5982\u4f55\u6291\u5236\u9ad8\u9891\u5e72\u6270？\u8bbe\u8ba1\u597d\u6ee4\u6ce2\u5668\u540e，\u53c8\u600e\u6837\u67e5\u770b\u5b83\u7684\u6548\u679c？
      \nMATLAB \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u76f8\u5173\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4e0e\u5176\u6309\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u8bb0\u5fc6，\u4e0d\u5982\u6cbf\u7740\u5b9e\u9645\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\u5b66\u4e60：
      \n\u751f\u6210\u6216\u5bfc\u5165\u6570\u636e \u2192 \u9884\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":117231,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1284,2710,1813],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-117232","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server","tag-matlab","tag-2710","tag-1813"],"yoast_head":"\nMATLAB\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u5e38\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u8be6\u89e3 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/117232.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"MATLAB\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u5e38\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u8be6\u89e3 - 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