{"id":117136,"date":"2026-10-22T17:40:42","date_gmt":"2026-10-22T09:40:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/117136.html"},"modified":"2026-10-22T17:40:42","modified_gmt":"2026-10-22T09:40:42","slug":"selinux%e4%b8%8eapparmor%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8%ef%bc%9a%e5%bc%ba%e5%88%b6%e8%ae%bf%e9%97%ae%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e4%b8%8e%e6%8e%92%e9%94%99","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/117136.html","title":{"rendered":"SELinux\u4e0eAppArmor\u5165\u95e8\uff1a\u5f3a\u5236\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u6392\u9519"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u300c\u670d\u52a1\u6539\u4e86\u914d\u7f6e\u5c31\u662f\u8d77\u4e0d\u6765，\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e5f\u6ca1\u62a5\u9519\u300d\u300c\u660e\u660e\u7ed9\u4e86 777 \u6743\u9650\u8fd8\u662f\u62d2\u7edd\u8bbf\u95ee\u300d\u2014\u2014\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u88ab\u8fd9\u7c7b\u8be1\u5f02\u95ee\u9898\u5751\u8fc7，\u6700\u540e\u53d1\u73b0\u662f SELinux \u6216 AppArmor \u5728\u300c\u591a\u7ba1\u95f2\u4e8b\u300d\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u662f Linux \u7684**\u5f3a\u5236\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236（MAC）**\u673a\u5236，\u6bd4\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u66f4\u5e95\u5c42\u3001\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bb2\u6e05 SELinux \u548c AppArmor \u7684\u539f\u7406\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u6392\u9519\u65b9\u6cd5，\u8ba9\u4f60\u4e0d\u518d\u628a\u300c\u5173\u6389\u5b83\u300d\u5f53\u6210\u552f\u4e00\u89e3\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5f3a\u5236\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236<\/h3>\n

\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 Linux \u6743\u9650（rwx\u3001owner\/group\/other）\u53eb DAC（\u81ea\u4e3b\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236）：\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u4e3b\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u610f\u51b3\u5b9a\u8c01\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\u2014\u2014\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ee5 root \u8fd0\u884c，\u5b83\u5c31\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u4efb\u4f55\u6587\u4ef6，\u4e00\u65e6\u88ab\u653b\u7834，\u5371\u5bb3\u5de8\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n

MAC（\u5f3a\u5236\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236） \u5728 DAC \u4e4b\u4e0a\u518d\u52a0\u4e00\u5c42：\u7531\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b56\u7565\u7edf\u4e00\u51b3\u5b9a，\u8fdb\u7a0b\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u54ea\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90，\u8fde root \u4e5f\u8981\u9075\u5b88\u3002\u5b83\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u7eb5\u6df1\u9632\u5fa1\u300d\u91cc\u7684\u7b2c 4 \u5c42（\u89c1\u7b2c 79 \u7bc7）\u3002<\/p>\n\n\u7ef4\u5ea6DAC（\u4f20\u7edf\u6743\u9650）MAC（SELinux\/AppArmor）<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u51b3\u5b9a\u8005<\/td>\n\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u4e3b<\/td>\n\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b56\u7565<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
root \u80fd\u5426\u7ed5\u8fc7<\/td>\n\u80fd<\/td>\n\u4e0d\u80fd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u7c92\u5ea6<\/td>\n\u7528\u6237\/\u7ec4\/\u5176\u4ed6<\/td>\n\u8fdb\u7a0b\/\u8def\u5f84\/\u6807\u7b7e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u76ee\u7684<\/td>\n\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236<\/td>\n\u9650\u5236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u80fd\u529b，\u9632\u63d0\u6743<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u4e24\u5927\u6d41\u6d3e<\/h3>\n

MAC \u5b9e\u73b0
\n \u251c\u2500 SELinux（\u7ea2\u5e3d\u7cfb：RHEL\/CentOS\/Rocky\/Fedora）\u2014\u2014 \u57fa\u4e8e\u300c\u6807\u7b7e\u300d
\n \u2514\u2500 AppArmor（Debian \u7cfb：Ubuntu\/Debian\/SUSE）\u2014\u2014 \u57fa\u4e8e\u300c\u8def\u5f84\u300d<\/p>\n\n\u7ef4\u5ea6SELinuxAppArmor<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u53d1\u884c\u7248<\/td>\nRHEL\/CentOS\/Rocky<\/td>\nUbuntu\/Debian<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6a21\u578b<\/td>\n\u6807\u7b7e（label\/context）<\/td>\n\u8def\u5f84（path）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u914d\u7f6e<\/td>\n\u590d\u6742，\u7b56\u7565\u8bed\u8a00<\/td>\n\u7b80\u5355，\u53ef\u8bfb\u6587\u672c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5b66\u4e60\u66f2\u7ebf<\/td>\n\u9661<\/td>\n\u7f13<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u4f60\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a：<\/p>\n

# \u770b SELinux<\/span>
\ngetenforce
\n# \u770b AppArmor<\/span>
\naa-status<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001SELinux \u57fa\u7840<\/h3>\n

\u4e09\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h4>\n

getenforce<\/p>\n\n\u6a21\u5f0f\u884c\u4e3a<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
Enforcing<\/td>\n\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\u7b56\u7565，\u8fdd\u89c4\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Permissive<\/td>\n\u53ea\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0d\u963b\u6b62（\u6392\u9519\u65f6\u7528）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Disabled<\/td>\n\u5b8c\u5168\u5173\u95ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u4e34\u65f6\u5207\u6362：<\/p>\n

sudo<\/span> setenforce 0<\/span> # \u6539 Permissive<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> setenforce 1<\/span> # \u6539 Enforcing<\/span><\/p>\n

\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6 \/etc\/selinux\/config（\u6c38\u4e45，\u9700\u91cd\u542f）：<\/p>\n

SELINUX=enforcing
\nSELINUXTYPE=targeted<\/p>\n

\u26a0\ufe0f \u6392\u9519\u9ec4\u91d1\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h4>\n

\u670d\u52a1\u62a5\u300cPermission denied\u300d\u65f6，\u5148\u522b\u6025\u7740\u5173 SELinux，\u6539\u7528 Permissive \u6a21\u5f0f\u6d4b\u8bd5：<\/p>\n

# 1. \u5207\u6362 Permissive<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> setenforce 0<\/span><\/p>\n

# 2. \u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1，\u5982\u679c\u597d\u4e86 \u2192 \u662f SELinux \u95ee\u9898<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> systemctl restart myservice<\/p>\n

# 3. \u5207\u56de Enforcing，\u67e5\u770b\u62d2\u7edd\u65e5\u5fd7\u627e\u771f\u56e0<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> setenforce 1<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> ausearch -m<\/span> avc -ts<\/span> recent<\/p>\n

\u8bb0\u4f4f：Permissive \u662f\u300c\u6392\u9519\u5de5\u5177\u300d，\u4e0d\u662f\u300c\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u300d\u3002 \u627e\u5230\u771f\u56e0\u540e\u8981\u4e48\u8c03\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3001\u8981\u4e48\u5f00\u5e03\u5c14\u503c\u3001\u8981\u4e48\u5199\u7b56\u7565，\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6c38\u4e45\u7981\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u67e5\u770b\u62d2\u7edd\u65e5\u5fd7<\/h4>\n

# \u770b AVC \u62d2\u7edd\u8bb0\u5f55<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> ausearch -m<\/span> avc -ts<\/span> recent
\nsudo<\/span> journalctl -t<\/span> audit |<\/span> grep<\/span> AVC<\/p>\n

# \u7528 sealert \u5f97\u5230\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ef\u8bfb\u7684\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> dnf install<\/span> setroubleshoot-server -y<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> sealert -a<\/span> \/var\/log\/audit\/audit.log<\/p>\n

AVC denied \u5c31\u662f\u300cSELinux \u62d2\u7edd\u4e86\u67d0\u64cd\u4f5c\u300d，\u65e5\u5fd7\u91cc\u4f1a\u5199\u6e05\u695a\u300c\u54ea\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u5bf9\u54ea\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u64cd\u4f5c\u300d\u4ee5\u53ca\u4fee\u590d\u5efa\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001SELinux \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e0e\u5e03\u5c14\u503c<\/h3>\n

SELinux \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u6807\u7b7e（context）\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u5e26\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587，\u683c\u5f0f：<\/p>\n

user:role:type:level
\nsystem_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0<\/p>\n

\u6392\u969c\u6700\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f type \u5b57\u6bb5（\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a）\u3002<\/p>\n

\u67e5\u770b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587<\/h4>\n

# \u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587<\/span>
\nls<\/span> -Z<\/span> \/var\/www\/html\/index.html
\n# system_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 …<\/span><\/p>\n

# \u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587<\/span>
\nps<\/span> -eZ<\/span> |<\/span> grep<\/span> nginx
\n# system_u:system_r:httpd_t:s0 nginx<\/span><\/p>\n

\u89c4\u5219：\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 type（\u5982 httpd_t）\u5fc5\u987b\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u6587\u4ef6\u7684 type（\u5982 httpd_sys_content_t），\u5426\u5219\u88ab\u62d2\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587<\/h4>\n

\u573a\u666f： \u628a\u7f51\u7ad9\u6587\u4ef6\u653e\u5230 \/web\/ \u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684 \/var\/www\/html\/，nginx \u8bbf\u95ee\u88ab\u62d2\u3002<\/p>\n

# \u67e5\u770b\u5e94\u8be5\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587<\/span>
\nsemanage fcontext -l<\/span> |<\/span> grep<\/span> httpd_sys_content<\/p>\n

# \u628a \/web \u76ee\u5f55\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a web \u5185\u5bb9\u7c7b\u578b<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> semanage fcontext -a<\/span> -t<\/span> httpd_sys_content_t "\/web(\/.*)?"<\/span>
\n# \u5e94\u7528\u89c4\u5219\u5230\u5b9e\u9645\u6587\u4ef6<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> restorecon -Rv<\/span> \/web<\/p>\n

\u5173\u952e\u70b9： semanage fcontext \u662f\u6301\u4e45\u89c4\u5219，restorecon \u628a\u89c4\u5219\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u73b0\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u53ea\u505a\u524d\u8005\u4e0d\u751f\u6548，\u53ea\u505a\u540e\u8005\u91cd\u542f\u53ef\u80fd\u4e22，\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5e03\u5c14\u503c（boolean）：\u5f00\u5173\u5f0f\u7b56\u7565<\/h4>\n

SELinux \u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u300c\u5373\u5f00\u5373\u7528\u300d\u7684\u5f00\u5173，\u5bf9\u5e94\u5e38\u89c1\u9700\u6c42：<\/p>\n

# \u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u5e03\u5c14\u503c<\/span>
\ngetsebool -a<\/span><\/p>\n

# \u67e5\u770b web \u76f8\u5173<\/span>
\ngetsebool -a<\/span> |<\/span> grep<\/span> httpd<\/p>\n

# \u5f00\u542f\u300c\u5141\u8bb8 httpd \u8fde\u63a5\u7f51\u7edc\u300d<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> setsebool -P<\/span> httpd_can_network_connect on<\/p>\n

-P \u8868\u793a\u6301\u4e45\u5316（\u91cd\u542f\u540e\u4ecd\u751f\u6548）\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5178\u578b\u573a\u666f：<\/p>\n\n\u9700\u6c42\u5e03\u5c14\u503c<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
web \u670d\u52a1\u8fde\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/td>\nhttpd_can_network_connect_db on<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
web \u670d\u52a1\u8bbf\u95ee\u5916\u7f51<\/td>\nhttpd_can_network_connect on<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ftp \u8bfb\u5199\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>\nftp_home_dir on<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5141\u8bb8 http \u5199\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>\nhttpd_unified on<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u5148\u67e5\u5e03\u5c14\u503c，\u518d\u6539\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587，\u6700\u540e\u624d\u8003\u8651\u5199\u7b56\u7565\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u662f SELinux \u6392\u9519\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e94\u3001SELinux \u5e38\u89c1\u6392\u9519<\/h3>\n

1. \u670d\u52a1\u8d77\u4e0d\u6765（\u7aef\u53e3\u95ee\u9898）<\/h4>\n

\u573a\u666f： \u7ed9 nginx \u914d\u4e86 8080 \u7aef\u53e3，\u8d77\u4e0d\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n

nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:8080 failed (13: Permission denied)<\/p>\n

\u539f\u56e0： SELinux \u53ea\u5141\u8bb8 httpd \u7ed1\u5b9a\u7279\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n

# \u67e5\u770b httpd \u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u7aef\u53e3<\/span>
\nsemanage port -l<\/span> |<\/span> grep<\/span> http_port_t<\/p>\n

# \u628a 8080 \u52a0\u5165 httpd \u5141\u8bb8\u7aef\u53e3<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> semanage port -a<\/span> -t<\/span> http_port_t -p<\/span> tcp 8080<\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u6587\u4ef6\u8bbf\u95ee\u88ab\u62d2<\/h4>\n

\u573a\u666f： \u7f51\u7ad9\u6587\u4ef6\u653e\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u76ee\u5f55，403\u3002<\/p>\n

# \u67e5\u770b AVC \u65e5\u5fd7\u786e\u8ba4<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> ausearch -m<\/span> avc -ts<\/span> recent |<\/span> grep<\/span> nginx<\/p>\n

# \u4fee\u6b63\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587（\u89c1\u4e0a\u6587）<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> semanage fcontext -a<\/span> -t<\/span> httpd_sys_content_t "\/web(\/.*)?"<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> restorecon -Rv<\/span> \/web<\/p>\n

3. \u670d\u52a1\u91cd\u542f\u540e\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e22\u5931<\/h4>\n

cp\/mv\/tar \u6709\u65f6\u4e0d\u5e26\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587，\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u4fdd\u7559\u3002\u7528 restorecon \u91cd\u5efa：<\/p>\n

sudo<\/span> restorecon -Rv<\/span> \/path<\/p>\n

4. \u5b9e\u5728\u8981\u7528\u300c\u6587\u6863\u5316\u300d\u7684\u5173\u95ed<\/h4>\n

\u5982\u679c\u786e\u8ba4\u67d0\u7b56\u7565\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e1a\u52a1，\u4e14\u4e0d\u60f3\u5173\u5168\u5c40，\u53ef\u4ee5：<\/p>\n

# \u53ea\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u8bbe\u767d\u540d\u5355（\u63a8\u8350）<\/span>
\nsemanage permissive -a<\/span> httpd_t<\/p>\n

# \u5b8c\u5168\u7981\u7528（\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350，\u4ec5\u6d4b\u8bd5）<\/span>
\nsetenforce 0<\/span><\/p>\n

permissive \u53ea\u8ba9 httpd_t \u57df\u5bbd\u5bb9，\u5176\u4ed6\u4ecd\u53d7\u4fdd\u62a4，\u6bd4\u5168\u5c40\u5173\u95ed\u5b89\u5168\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u516d\u3001AppArmor \u57fa\u7840<\/h3>\n

Ubuntu\/Debian \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7528 AppArmor，\u5b83\u57fa\u4e8e\u8def\u5f84\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6807\u7b7e，profile \u662f\u7eaf\u6587\u672c，\u6613\u61c2\u3002<\/p>\n

\u67e5\u770b\u72b6\u6001<\/h4>\n

sudo<\/span> aa-status<\/p>\n

apparmor module is loaded.
\n42 profiles are loaded.
\n38 profiles are in enforce mode.
\n \/usr\/sbin\/nginx
\n \/usr\/bin\/man
\n…
\n4 profiles are in complain mode.<\/p>\n

\u4e24\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h4>\n\n\u6a21\u5f0f\u884c\u4e3a<\/tr>\n\n\n\n
enforce<\/td>\n\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c，\u8fdd\u89c4\u62d2\u7edd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
complain<\/td>\n\u53ea\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0d\u963b\u6b62（\u6392\u9519\u7528）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u5207\u6362\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h4>\n

# \u6539\u67d0 profile \u4e3a complain（\u6392\u9519）<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> aa-complain \/usr\/sbin\/nginx<\/p>\n

# \u6539\u56de enforce<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> aa-enforce \/usr\/sbin\/nginx<\/p>\n

# \u7981\u7528\u67d0 profile<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> ln<\/span> -s<\/span> \/etc\/apparmor.d\/usr.sbin.nginx \/etc\/apparmor.d\/disable\/
\nsudo<\/span> apparmor_parser -R<\/span> \/etc\/apparmor.d\/usr.sbin.nginx<\/p>\n

\u6392\u9519<\/h4>\n

# \u67e5\u770b\u62d2\u7edd\u65e5\u5fd7<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> dmesg<\/span> |<\/span> grep<\/span> -i<\/span> apparmor
\nsudo<\/span> journalctl |<\/span> grep<\/span> apparmor
\nsudo<\/span> dmesg<\/span> |<\/span> grep<\/span> "apparmor=\\\\"<\/span>DENIED\\\\"<\/span>"<\/span><\/p>\n

\u751f\u6210\/\u8c03\u6574 profile<\/h4>\n

# \u8ba9 AppArmor \u5b66\u4e60\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u884c\u4e3a<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> aa-genprof \/usr\/bin\/myapp<\/p>\n

# \u4ece\u65e5\u5fd7\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210 profile<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> aa-logprof<\/p>\n

\u4e03\u3001MAC \u52a0\u56fa\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u5fc3\u6001<\/h3>\n\n\u505a\u6cd5\u8bc4\u4ef7<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u5c31 Disabled\/disable<\/td>\n\u274c \u7b49\u4e8e\u62c6\u6389\u4e00\u5c42\u9632\u7ebf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4fdd\u6301 Enforcing，\u7528 Permissive \u5b9a\u4f4d<\/td>\n\u2705 \u6b63\u786e\u59ff\u52bf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5148\u8c03\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\/\u5e03\u5c14\u503c<\/td>\n\u2705 \u4f18\u5148\u65b9\u6848<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4e3a\u7279\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u8bbe permissive<\/td>\n\u2705 \u6298\u4e2d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5199\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7b56\u7565<\/td>\n\u2705 \u7ec8\u6781\u65b9\u6848（\u590d\u6742）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

SELinux\/AppArmor \u7684\u521d\u8877\u662f\u300c\u5373\u4f7f\u670d\u52a1\u88ab\u653b\u7834，\u4e5f\u9650\u5236\u5b83\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u7684\u7834\u574f\u300d\u3002 \u5173\u6389\u5b83，\u7b49\u4e8e\u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u8fd9\u5c42\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u5b83\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u62d2\u7edd，\u7136\u540e\u7cbe\u51c6\u5730\u653e\u884c\u5fc5\u8981\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u516b\u3001\u26a0\ufe0f \u5e38\u89c1\u9519\u8bef<\/h3>\n
  • \u9047\u5230\u95ee\u9898\u76f4\u63a5 setenforce 0\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u628a\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u7ebf\u62c6\u4e86，\u5e94\u8be5\u5148\u5b9a\u4f4d\u518d\u7cbe\u51c6\u653e\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u6539\u4e86 semanage fcontext \u5fd8\u4e86 restorecon\u3002\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u89c4\u5219，\u8fd8\u5f97\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u5b9e\u9645\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n
  • getenforce \u663e\u793a Enforcing \u5c31\u614c\u3002Enforcing \u662f\u6b63\u5e38\u72b6\u6001，\u8bf4\u660e\u7b56\u7565\u5728\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f60\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e22\u5931\u3002cp\/mv \u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4fdd\u7559\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587，\u7528 restorecon \u4fee\u590d\u3002<\/li>\n
  • chmod 777 \u4e5f\u89e3\u51b3\u4e0d\u4e86\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u74f6\u9888\u5728 MAC \u800c\u975e DAC，\u6743\u9650\u518d\u5bbd\u4e5f\u6ca1\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a MAC\u3002\u5148 getenforce \/ aa-status \u786e\u8ba4，\u522b\u5bf9\u7740 AppArmor \u627e SELinux \u7684\u9519\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u91cd\u88c5\u7cfb\u7edf\u540e\u7b56\u7565\u6ca1\u8fc1\u79fb\u3002\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684 SELinux \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3001AppArmor profile \u9700\u8981\u5907\u4efd\u548c\u8fc1\u79fb\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u4e0a\u76f4\u63a5\u6539\u914d\u7f6e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u5e94\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7b56\u7565\u6539\u52a8，\u907f\u514d\u5f71\u54cd\u751f\u4ea7\u3002<\/li>\n

    \u4e5d\u3001\u539f\u7406\u63a2\u7a76：\u5b89\u5168\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e0e\u7b56\u7565\u5339\u914d<\/h3>\n

    SELinux \u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u6a21\u578b<\/h4>\n

    SELinux \u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e3b\u4f53（\u8fdb\u7a0b）\u548c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5ba2\u4f53（\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u3001socket）\u90fd\u6253\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3002\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6，\u5185\u6838\u505a\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b：<\/p>\n

    \u4e3b\u4f53（\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587）\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c \u2192 \u67e5\u7b56\u7565 \u2192 \u5ba2\u4f53（\u6587\u4ef6\/\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587）<\/p>\n

    \u51b3\u7b56\u4e0d\u770b\u4f60\u300c\u662f\u8c01（root \u8fd8\u662f\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237）\u300d，\u800c\u770b\u300c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e26\u4ec0\u4e48\u6807\u7b7e\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u5e26\u4ec0\u4e48\u6807\u7b7e\u3001\u7b56\u7565\u5141\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8fd9\u5bf9\u6807\u7b7e\u4ea4\u4e92\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e3e\u4f8b：<\/p>\n

    nginx \u8fdb\u7a0b \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587：system_u:system_r:httpd_t
    \n\u7f51\u7ad9\u6587\u4ef6 \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587：system_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t
    \n\u7b56\u7565：\u5141\u8bb8 httpd_t \u8bfb httpd_sys_content_t \u2192 \u901a\u8fc7 \u2713<\/p>\n

    \/etc\/shadow \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587：system_u:object_r:shadow_t
    \n\u7b56\u7565：\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8 httpd_t \u8bfb shadow_t \u2192 \u62d2\u7edd \u2717<\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 nginx（\u54ea\u6015\u4ee5 root \u8fd0\u884c）\u4e5f\u8bfb\u4e0d\u4e86 \/etc\/shadow\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u6743\u9650\u95ee\u9898，\u662f SELinux \u7b56\u7565\u5c42\u9762\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u5f3a\u5236\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u300d\u7684\u5a01\u529b：\u8fde root \u90fd\u8981\u670d\u4ece\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6309\u300c\u7aef\u53e3\u300d\u4e5f\u8981\u7ba1<\/h4>\n

    \u4e0d\u5149\u662f\u6587\u4ef6，\u7aef\u53e3\u4e5f\u6709\u6807\u7b7e\u3002http_port_t \u662f\u5141\u8bb8 httpd \u7ed1\u5b9a\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5373\u4f7f\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u8ba9 nginx \u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u522b\u7684\u7aef\u53e3，\u4e5f\u7ed1\u4e0d\u4e0a\u2014\u2014\u9650\u5236\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u300c\u8c01\u80fd\u7ed1\u300d，\u800c\u662f\u300c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u80fd\u7ed1\u54ea\u4e9b\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

    AppArmor \u7684\u8def\u5f84\u6a21\u578b<\/h4>\n

    AppArmor \u66f4\u76f4\u89c2，profile \u91cc\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\u8def\u5f84\u89c4\u5219：<\/p>\n

    \/usr\/sbin\/nginx {
    \n \/etc\/nginx\/** r,
    \n \/var\/www\/** r,
    \n \/var\/log\/nginx\/** w,
    \n network tcp,
    \n}<\/p>\n

    \u610f\u601d\u662f\u300cnginx \u53ea\u80fd\u8bfb \/etc\/nginx\u3001\/var\/www，\u5199 \/var\/log\/nginx，\u5141\u8bb8 TCP\u300d\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u597d，\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u8def\u5f84\u53d8\u52a8（\u5982\u8f6f\u94fe\u63a5\u3001mount）\u5bb9\u6613\u7ed5\u8fc7\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e24\u8005\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7684\u672c\u8d28<\/h4>\n
      \n
    • SELinux \u57fa\u4e8e\u6807\u7b7e：\u8d44\u6e90\u5e26\u6807\u7b7e，\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e26\u6807\u7b7e，\u7b56\u7565\u7ba1\u300c\u6807\u7b7e\u5bf9\u6807\u7b7e\u300d\u3002\u5f3a\u52bf\u4f46\u590d\u6742\u3002<\/li>\n
    • AppArmor \u57fa\u4e8e\u8def\u5f84：\u7b56\u7565\u7ba1\u300c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u300d\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u4f46\u4e0d\u591f\u7ec6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u65e0\u8bba\u54ea\u79cd，\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684：\u7ed9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5212\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u300c\u53ea\u80fd\u78b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u300d\u7684\u7b3c\u5b50，\u5373\u4f7f\u5b83\u88ab\u653b\u7834，\u4e5f\u7ffb\u4e0d\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b3c\u5b50\u3002 \u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u6c99\u7bb1（sandbox）\u300d\u548c\u300c\u6700\u5c0f\u6743\u9650\u300d\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u5c42\u7684\u843d\u5730\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u548c\u5bb9\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/h4>\n

      Docker\/Kubernetes \u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u9694\u79bb，\u4e5f\u4f1a\u7528\u5230 SELinux\/AppArmor：<\/p>\n

      # docker \u6307\u5b9a SELinux \u6807\u7b7e<\/span>
      \ndocker<\/span> run –security-opt label<\/span>=<\/span>type:container_t ..<\/span>.<\/p>\n

      # docker \u6307\u5b9a AppArmor profile<\/span>
      \ndocker<\/span> run –security-opt apparmor<\/span>=<\/span>docker-default ..<\/span>.<\/p>\n

      K8s \u7684 Pod Security Context \u4e5f\u80fd\u6307\u5b9a seLinuxOptions\u3002\u7406\u89e3 MAC，\u4e5f\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u5bb9\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u5341\u3001SELinux\/AppArmor \u901f\u67e5\u8868<\/h3>\n

      # ===== SELinux =====<\/span>
      \ngetenforce # \u770b\u6a21\u5f0f<\/span>
      \nsetenforce 0<\/span> \/ 1<\/span> # \u4e34\u65f6\u5207 Permissive\/Enforcing<\/span>
      \nls<\/span> -Z<\/span> file<\/span> # \u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587<\/span>
      \nps<\/span> -eZ<\/span> |<\/span> grep<\/span> proc # \u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587<\/span>
      \nausearch -m<\/span> avc -ts<\/span> recent # \u770b\u62d2\u7edd\u65e5\u5fd7<\/span>
      \nsemanage fcontext -a<\/span> -t<\/span> TYPE "\u8def\u5f84"<\/span> # \u52a0\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u89c4\u5219<\/span>
      \nrestorecon -Rv<\/span> \/path # \u5e94\u7528\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587<\/span>
      \nsemanage port -a<\/span> -t<\/span> http_port_t -p<\/span> tcp 8080<\/span> # \u653e\u5f00\u7aef\u53e3<\/span>
      \ngetsebool -a<\/span> |<\/span> grep<\/span> xxx # \u770b\u5e03\u5c14\u503c<\/span>
      \nsetsebool -P<\/span> xxx on # \u5f00\u5e03\u5c14\u503c<\/span>
      \nsemanage permissive -a<\/span> domain_t # \u5355\u57df\u5bbd\u5bb9<\/span><\/p>\n

      # ===== AppArmor =====<\/span>
      \naa-status # \u770b\u72b6\u6001<\/span>
      \naa-complain \/path # \u5207 complain<\/span>
      \naa-enforce \/path # \u5207 enforce<\/span>
      \ndmesg<\/span> |<\/span> grep<\/span> -i<\/span> apparmor # \u770b\u65e5\u5fd7<\/span>
      \naa-genprof \/usr\/bin\/app # \u751f\u6210 profile<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u6536\u5c3e：SELinux \u7528\u300c\u6807\u7b7e\u300d\u3001AppArmor \u7528\u300c\u8def\u5f84\u300d，\u90fd\u662f\u7ed9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5212\u5b9a\u6d3b\u52a8\u8303\u56f4，\u8fde root \u4e5f\u7ba1\u3002 \u9047\u5230\u300c\u6743\u9650\u7ed9\u4e86\u8fd8\u88ab\u62d2\u300d，\u5148\u60f3\u5b83\u4fe9；\u6392\u9519\u7528 Permissive\/complain \u5b9a\u4f4d，\u518d\u7528 semanage\/\u5e03\u5c14\u503c\u7cbe\u51c6\u653e\u884c\u2014\u2014\u522b\u628a\u5173\u95ed\u5f53\u89e3\u6cd5，\u90a3\u7b49\u4e8e\u81ea\u65ad\u4e00\u5c42\u9632\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n

      \n

      \u81f3\u6b64，\u7b2c\u516b\u7bc7\u300c\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u7bc7\u300d10 \u7bc7\u5168\u90e8\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7\u8fdb\u5165\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7bc7\u300c\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u3001\u5907\u4efd\u4e0e\u6062\u590d\u7bc7\u300d，\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u533a\u5f00\u59cb，\u628a\u5b58\u50a8\u8fd9\u5757\u786c\u9aa8\u5934\u5543\u4e0b\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u300c\u670d\u52a1\u6539\u4e86\u914d\u7f6e\u5c31\u662f\u8d77\u4e0d\u6765，\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e5f\u6ca1\u62a5\u9519\u300d\u300c\u660e\u660e\u7ed9\u4e86 777 \u6743\u9650\u8fd8\u662f\u62d2\u7edd\u8bbf\u95ee\u300d\u2014\u2014\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u88ab\u8fd9\u7c7b\u8be1\u5f02\u95ee\u9898\u5751\u8fc7，\u6700\u540e\u53d1\u73b0\u662f SELinux \u6216 AppArmor \u5728\u300c\u591a\u7ba1\u95f2\u4e8b\u300d\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u662f Linux \u7684**\u5f3a\u5236\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236（MAC）**\u673a\u5236，\u6bd4\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u66f4\u5e95\u5c42\u3001\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bb2\u6e05 SELinux \u548c AppArmor \u7684\u539f\u7406\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u6392\u9519\u65b9\u6cd5，\u8ba9\u4f60\u4e0d\u518d\u628a\u300c\u5173\u6389\u5b83\u300d\u5f53\u6210\u552f\u4e00\u89e3\u6cd5\u3002
      \n\u4e00\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5f3a\u5236\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[13178,58,43,44],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-117136","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-1024---","tag-linux","tag-43","tag-44"],"yoast_head":"\nSELinux\u4e0eAppArmor\u5165\u95e8\uff1a\u5f3a\u5236\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u6392\u9519 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/117136.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"SELinux\u4e0eAppArmor\u5165\u95e8\uff1a\u5f3a\u5236\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u6392\u9519 - 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