{"id":11629,"date":"2025-04-18T18:54:27","date_gmt":"2025-04-18T10:54:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/11629.html"},"modified":"2025-04-18T18:54:27","modified_gmt":"2025-04-18T10:54:27","slug":"%e4%bb%8e%e9%9b%b6%e5%bc%80%e5%a7%8b%e7%90%86%e8%a7%a3%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%ef%bc%9a%e6%9e%b6%e6%9e%84%e3%80%81%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86%e4%b8%8e%e5%ae%9e%e6%88%98%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/11629.html","title":{"rendered":"\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb\u7406\u89e3\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a\u67b6\u6784\u3001\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u5b9e\u6218\u6307\u5357"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb\u7406\u89e3\u670d\u52a1\u5668：\u67b6\u6784\u3001\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u5b9e\u6218\u6307\u5357 \u2014\u2014\u5199\u7ed9\u6280\u672f\u5c0f\u767d\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u79d1\u666e \u00a0<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48？\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u5b83？ \u5b9a\u4e49：\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u8ba1\u7b97\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8bbe\u5907，\u53ef\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u201c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u53a8\u623f\u201d，\u8d1f\u8d23\u54cd\u5e94\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u5206\u53d1\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u4f8b\u5982，\u5f53\u4f60\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8f93\u5165\u7f51\u5740\u65f6，\u6700\u7ec8\u662f\u7531Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c06\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u63a8\u9001\u5230\u4f60\u7684\u5c4f\u5e55\u3002 \u00a0<\/p>\n

\u6838\u5fc3\u4ef7\u503c： \u00a0 1. \u96c6\u4e2d\u5316\u7ba1\u7406：\u4f01\u4e1a\u6570\u636e\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7edf\u4e00\u90e8\u7f72，\u964d\u4f4e\u7ef4\u62a4\u6210\u672c； \u00a0 2. \u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u5904\u7406：\u652f\u6301\u6570\u5343\u7528\u6237\u540c\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee（\u5982\u7535\u5546\u79d2\u6740\u573a\u666f）； \u00a0 3. \u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u4fdd\u969c：\u901a\u8fc7\u5197\u4f59\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u6743\u9650\u63a7\u5236\u964d\u4f4e\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u98ce\u9669\u3002 \u00a0<\/p>\n

—<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u4e0e\u786c\u4ef6\u7ec4\u6210 1. \u5206\u7c7b\u7ef4\u5ea6 \u2022 \u6027\u80fd\u7b49\u7ea7：\u5165\u95e8\u7ea7（\u5c0f\u578b\u4f01\u4e1a）\u3001\u90e8\u95e8\u7ea7（\u4e2d\u578b\u5e94\u7528）\u3001\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7（\u91d1\u878d\/\u7535\u4fe1\u6838\u5fc3\u7cfb\u7edf）； \u00a0 \u2022 \u5f62\u6001：\u5854\u5f0f（\u7a7a\u95f4\u7075\u6d3b）\u3001\u673a\u67b6\u5f0f（\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6807\u914d）\u3001\u5200\u7247\u5f0f（\u9ad8\u5bc6\u5ea6\u8ba1\u7b97）； \u00a0 \u2022 \u7528\u9014：\u6587\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u865a\u62df\u5316\u5e73\u53f0\u3002 \u00a0<\/p>\n

2. \u786c\u4ef6\u89e3\u5256<\/p>\n\n\u7ec4\u4ef6\u529f\u80fd\u63cf\u8ff0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u6280\u672f\u6307\u6807\u793a\u4f8b \u00a0<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
CPU<\/td>\n\u5904\u7406\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u6838\u5fc3，\u51b3\u5b9a\u8ba1\u7b97\u901f\u5ea6（\u5982Intel Xeon\u591a\u6838\u5904\u7406\u5668）<\/td>\n\u6838\u5fc3\u657016\u6838，\u4e3b\u98913.8GHz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5185\u5b58<\/td>\n\u4e34\u65f6\u5b58\u50a8\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e（\u5982MySQL\u67e5\u8be2\u7f13\u5b58）<\/td>\nDDR4 3200MHz，\u5bb9\u91cf256GB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u786c\u76d8<\/td>\n\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e（SSD\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u9891\u8bfb\u5199，HDD\u7528\u4e8e\u51b7\u6570\u636e）<\/td>\nNVMe SSD，\u8bfb\u5199\u901f\u5ea67GB\/s<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u7f51\u5361<\/td>\n\u8fde\u63a5\u5185\u5916\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc（\u4e07\u5146\u5149\u7ea4\u7f51\u5361\u5e94\u5bf9\u89c6\u9891\u6d41\u4f20\u8f93）<\/td>\n10Gbps\u5e26\u5bbd，\u652f\u6301RDMA<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u7535\u6e90<\/td>\n\u5197\u4f59\u53cc\u7535\u6e90\u4fdd\u969c\u4e0d\u95f4\u65ad\u8fd0\u884c（\u91d1\u878d\u884c\u4e1a\u5f3a\u5236\u8981\u6c42）<\/td>\n80PLUS\u949b\u91d1\u8ba4\u8bc1，\u6548\u738796%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

[\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u786c\u4ef6\u7ec4\u6210\u793a\u610f\u56fe] （*\u793a\u610f\u56fe：\u5178\u578b\u673a\u67b6\u5f0f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784*） \u00a0<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u67b6\u6784\u6f14\u8fdb\u4e0e\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u00a0 1. \u67b6\u6784\u7c7b\u578b\u5bf9\u6bd4 \u2022 \u5355\u8282\u70b9\u67b6\u6784：\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u4f46\u5b58\u5728\u5355\u70b9\u6545\u969c\u98ce\u9669，\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883； \u00a0 \u2022 \u96c6\u7fa4\u67b6\u6784：\u591a\u8282\u70b9\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861（\u5982Nginx\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406），\u63d0\u5347\u53ef\u7528\u6027； \u00a0 \u2022 \u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u67b6\u6784：\u8de8\u5730\u57df\u90e8\u7f72（\u5982CDN\u8282\u70b9），\u51cf\u5c11\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002 \u00a0<\/p>\n

2. \u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u5168\u6d41\u7a0b ```python \u00a0<\/p>\n

# \u6a21\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5904\u7406HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42（\u7b80\u5316\u7248）
\ndef handle_request(client_request):
\n if client_request.method == "GET":
\n parse_url(client_request.url) # \u89e3\u6790\u8bf7\u6c42\u8def\u5f84
\n load_balance() # \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u9009\u62e9\u8282\u70b9[11](@ref)
\n fetch_data_from_database() # \u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e\u5e93
\n generate_response(headers, content) # \u751f\u6210HTML\/JSON\u54cd\u5e94
\n send_to_client() # \u901a\u8fc7TCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\u8fd4\u56de <\/p>\n

\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4： \u00a0 1. \u63a5\u6536\u8bf7\u6c42：\u901a\u8fc7TCP\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5； \u00a0 2. \u89e3\u6790\u534f\u8bae：\u533a\u5206HTTP\/HTTPS\u3001FTP\u7b49\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae； \u00a0 3. \u8d44\u6e90\u5206\u914d：\u8c03\u7528CPU\/\u5185\u5b58\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u4efb\u52a1； \u00a0 4. \u6570\u636e\u8fd4\u56de：\u538b\u7f29\u4f20\u8f93\u5185\u5bb9\u4ee5\u8282\u7701\u5e26\u5bbd\u3002 \u00a0<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u5b9e\u6218\u6280\u5de7\u00a0\u00a0 1. \u786c\u4ef6\u5347\u7ea7\u7b56\u7565 \u2022 CPU：\u9009\u62e9\u652f\u6301\u8d85\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u81f3\u5f3a\u5904\u7406\u5668，\u63d0\u5347\u5e76\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b； \u00a0 \u2022 \u5185\u5b58：\u542f\u7528ECC\u6821\u9a8c\u9632\u6b62\u6570\u636e\u635f\u574f，\u642d\u914dNUMA\u67b6\u6784\u51cf\u5c11\u5ef6\u8fdf； \u00a0 \u2022 \u5b58\u50a8：RAID 10\u9635\u5217\u517c\u987e\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0e\u5197\u4f59，NVMe SSD\u52a0\u901fIOPS\u3002 \u00a0<\/p>\n

2. \u8f6f\u4ef6\u8c03\u4f18\u6848\u4f8b \u2022 Linux\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570： \u00a0 \u00a0 ```bash \u00a0<\/p>\n

# \u589e\u5927TCP\u8fde\u63a5\u961f\u5217（\u5e94\u5bf9\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1）
\necho "net.core.somaxconn=65535" >> \/etc\/sysctl.conf
\n# \u4f18\u5316\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u4ea4\u6362\u503e\u5411
\nvm.swappiness=10 <\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u2022 \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u914d\u7f6e：\u8c03\u6574InnoDB\u7f13\u51b2\u6c60\u5927\u5c0f，\u5339\u914d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5185\u5b58\u5bb9\u91cf\u3002 \u00a0 \u4e94\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4：\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u7cbe\u901a\u00a0\u00a0 1. \u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u9632\u62a4\u00a0\u00a0 \u2022 \u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219：\u4ec5\u5f00\u653e\u5fc5\u8981\u7aef\u53e3（\u598280\/443），\u5c4f\u853dICMP Ping\u63a2\u6d4b； \u00a0 \u2022 \u5165\u4fb5\u68c0\u6d4b：\u90e8\u7f72Snort\u6216Suricata\u5b9e\u65f6\u5206\u6790\u6d41\u91cf\u7279\u5f81\u3002 \u00a0<\/p>\n

2. \u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u00a0 \u2022 \u52a0\u5bc6\u4f20\u8f93：\u5f3a\u5236\u542f\u7528TLS 1.3，\u7981\u7528\u5f31\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5（\u5982RC4）； \u00a0 \u2022 \u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236：\u57fa\u4e8e\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u6743\u9650\u6a21\u578b（RBAC），\u9650\u5236root\u8d26\u6237\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\u3002 \u00a0<\/p>\n

3. \u5e94\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u5b9e\u8df5\u00a0\u00a0 \u2022 \u4ee3\u7801\u5ba1\u8ba1：\u5b9a\u671f\u626b\u63cfWeb\u6f0f\u6d1e（SQL\u6ce8\u5165\u3001XSS）； \u00a0 \u2022 \u65e5\u5fd7\u76d1\u63a7：ELK\u6808\u96c6\u4e2d\u5206\u6790\u767b\u5f55\u5f02\u5e38\u3001\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u884c\u4e3a\u3002 \u00a0 \u516d\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9009\u578b\u4e0e\u90e8\u7f72\u6307\u5357\u00a0\u00a0 \u573a\u666f\u5316\u5efa\u8bae： \u00a0 \u2022 \u4e2a\u4eba\u5f00\u53d1\u8005 ：\u963f\u91cc\u4e91\/\u817e\u8baf\u4e91\u8f7b\u91cf\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668（2\u68384G，SSD\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d8）； \u00a0 \u2022 \u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u5e94\u7528：\u6234\u5c14PowerEdge R750（\u53cc\u8def\u81f3\u5f3a，\u652f\u6301GPU\u52a0\u901f）； \u00a0 \u2022 \u5927\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406：Hadoop\u96c6\u7fa4\u642d\u914d\u5200\u7247\u670d\u52a1\u5668，\u6a2a\u5411\u6269\u5c55\u8ba1\u7b97\u8282\u70b9\u3002 \u00a0<\/p>\n

\u90e8\u7f72\u6d41\u7a0b： \u00a0 1. \u786c\u4ef6\u4e0a\u67b6 \u2192 2. \u5b89\u88c5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf（CentOS\/Ubuntu） \u2192 3. \u914d\u7f6eRAID\u4e0e\u5206\u533a \u2192 \u00a0 4. \u90e8\u7f72\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177（Zabbix\/Prometheus） \u2192 5. \u538b\u529b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0e\u8c03\u4f18\u3002 \u00a0 \u4e03\u3001\u672a\u6765\u8d8b\u52bf：\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u4e0e\u8fb9\u7f18\u8ba1\u7b97\u00a0\u00a0 \u2022 \u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668：\u5f39\u6027\u4f38\u7f29\u3001\u6309\u9700\u4ed8\u8d39（\u5982AWS EC2\u5b9e\u4f8b）； \u00a0 \u2022 \u8fb9\u7f18\u670d\u52a1\u5668：\u9760\u8fd1\u7528\u6237\u4fa7\u90e8\u7f72（\u51cf\u5c11\u5ef6\u8fdf），\u652f\u6301\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u8bbe\u5907\u63a5\u5165； \u00a0 \u2022 \u7eff\u8272\u8282\u80fd：\u6db2\u51b7\u6280\u672f\u964d\u4f4ePUE\u503c，\u7b26\u5408\u201c\u53cc\u78b3\u201d\u653f\u7b56\u8981\u6c42\u3002 \u00a0 \u603b\u7ed3 \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u5b57\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u57fa\u77f3，\u5176\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7ef4\u9700\u517c\u987e\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u6210\u672c\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4f18\u5148\u638c\u63e1Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5de5\u5177（Ansible\/K8s），\u5e76\u5173\u6ce8CSDN\u5b98\u65b9\u6280\u672f\u4e13\u680f\u83b7\u53d6\u6700\u65b0\u884c\u4e1a\u52a8\u6001\u3002 \u5728\u7ebf\u7b49 TG：@mmbxiaoy1688<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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