{"id":116017,"date":"2026-10-20T16:00:52","date_gmt":"2026-10-20T08:00:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/116017.html"},"modified":"2026-10-20T16:00:52","modified_gmt":"2026-10-20T08:00:52","slug":"http-%e8%af%b7%e6%b1%82%e5%8d%8f%e8%ae%ae%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/116017.html","title":{"rendered":"HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u534f\u8bae\u8be6\u89e3"},"content":{"rendered":"

HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u534f\u8bae\u8be6\u89e3<\/h2>\n

Spring MVC \u5904\u7406\u7684\u662f HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42，\u7406\u89e3 HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u7ed3\u6784，\u624d\u80fd\u641e\u6e05\u695a @RequestParam\u3001@RequestBody\u3001@RequestHeader \u8fd9\u4e9b\u6ce8\u89e3\u5230\u5e95\u5728\u53d6\u54ea\u90e8\u5206\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u7ed3\u6784<\/h3>\n

\u4e00\u4e2a HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u7531\u56db\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210：<\/p>\n

\u8bf7\u6c42\u884c
\n\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934
\n\u7a7a\u884c
\n\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53<\/p>\n

\u7528\u6587\u672c\u8868\u793a：<\/p>\n

POST \/api\/users HTTP\/1.1 \u2190 \u8bf7\u6c42\u884c
\nHost: example.com \u2190 \u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u5f00\u59cb
\nContent-Type: application\/json
\nContent-Length: 45
\nUser-Agent: Mozilla\/5.0
\n \u2190 \u7a7a\u884c
\n{"name":"\u5f20\u4e09","email":"z@example.com"} \u2190 \u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53<\/p>\n

\u7a7a\u884c\u662f\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u548c\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u65f6，\u7a7a\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u884c<\/h3>\n

\u8bf7\u6c42\u884c\u5305\u542b\u4e09\u90e8\u5206：<\/p>\n

GET \/api\/users\/1?status=active HTTP\/1.1<\/p>\n\n\u90e8\u5206\u793a\u4f8b\u8bf4\u660e<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5<\/td>\nGET<\/td>\nHTTP \u65b9\u6cd5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u8bf7\u6c42\u76ee\u6807<\/td>\n\/api\/users\/1?status=active<\/td>\n\u8def\u5f84 + \u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u534f\u8bae\u7248\u672c<\/td>\nHTTP\/1.1<\/td>\nHTTP \u7248\u672c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u8bf7\u6c42\u76ee\u6807\u4e2d\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570<\/h4>\n

\/api\/users\/1?status=active&page=2<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \/api\/users\/1 \u662f\u8def\u5f84\u90e8\u5206，Spring MVC \u7528 @PathVariable \u83b7\u53d6\u8def\u5f84\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n
  • ?status=active&page=2 \u662f\u67e5\u8be2\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32，Spring MVC \u7528 @RequestParam \u83b7\u53d6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    @GetMapping<\/span>(<\/span>"\/users\/{id}"<\/span>)<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span> User<\/span> getUser<\/span>(<\/span>@PathVariable<\/span> Long<\/span> id,<\/span>
    \n @RequestParam<\/span> String<\/span> status,<\/span>
    \n @RequestParam<\/span>(<\/span>defaultValue =<\/span> "1"<\/span>)<\/span> int<\/span> page)<\/span> {<\/span> }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u4e09\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934<\/h3>\n

    \u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u662f\u952e\u503c\u5bf9，\u63cf\u8ff0\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5143\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934：<\/p>\n\n\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u4f5c\u7528\u793a\u4f8b<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Host<\/td>\n\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a<\/td>\nHost: example.com<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Content-Type<\/td>\n\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u7684\u5a92\u4f53\u7c7b\u578b<\/td>\nContent-Type: application\/json<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Content-Length<\/td>\n\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u957f\u5ea6（\u5b57\u8282）<\/td>\nContent-Length: 45<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Accept<\/td>\n\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u7c7b\u578b<\/td>\nAccept: application\/json<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    User-Agent<\/td>\n\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4fe1\u606f<\/td>\nUser-Agent: Mozilla\/5.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Cookie<\/td>\n\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u643a\u5e26\u7684 Cookie<\/td>\nCookie: sessionId=abc123<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Authorization<\/td>\n\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4fe1\u606f<\/td>\nAuthorization: Bearer xxx<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Referer<\/td>\n\u8bf7\u6c42\u6765\u6e90\u9875\u9762<\/td>\nReferer: http:\/\/example.com\/list<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Spring MVC \u83b7\u53d6\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934：<\/p>\n

    @GetMapping<\/span>(<\/span>"\/info"<\/span>)<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span> String<\/span> info<\/span>(<\/span>@RequestHeader<\/span>(<\/span>"User-Agent"<\/span>)<\/span> String<\/span> userAgent,<\/span>
    \n @RequestHeader<\/span>(<\/span>value =<\/span> "X-Token"<\/span>,<\/span> required =<\/span> false<\/span>)<\/span> String<\/span> token)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> userAgent;<\/span>
    \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u83b7\u53d6 Cookie：<\/p>\n

    @GetMapping<\/span>(<\/span>"\/cookie"<\/span>)<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span> String<\/span> cookie<\/span>(<\/span>@CookieValue<\/span>(<\/span>"sessionId"<\/span>)<\/span> String<\/span> sessionId)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> sessionId;<\/span>
    \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u56db\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53<\/h3>\n

    \u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u643a\u5e26\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002GET \u8bf7\u6c42\u901a\u5e38\u6ca1\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53，POST\u3001PUT\u3001PATCH \u901a\u5e38\u6709\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u7531 Content-Type \u51b3\u5b9a，\u5e38\u89c1\u4e09\u79cd：<\/p>\n

    1. application\/x-www-form-urlencoded<\/h4>\n

    HTML \u8868\u5355\u9ed8\u8ba4\u63d0\u4ea4\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u662f\u952e\u503c\u5bf9，\u7528 & \u5206\u9694：<\/p>\n

    Content-Type: application\/x-www-form-urlencoded<\/p>\n

    name=\u5f20\u4e09&email=zhangsan@example.com<\/p>\n

    Spring MVC \u83b7\u53d6：<\/p>\n

    @PostMapping<\/span>(<\/span>"\/form"<\/span>)<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span> String<\/span> form<\/span>(<\/span>@RequestParam<\/span> String<\/span> name,<\/span>
    \n @RequestParam<\/span> String<\/span> email)<\/span> {<\/span> }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u6216\u8005\u7528\u5bf9\u8c61\u63a5\u6536：<\/p>\n

    @PostMapping<\/span>(<\/span>"\/form"<\/span>)<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span> String<\/span> form<\/span>(<\/span>User<\/span> user)<\/span> {<\/span> }<\/span><\/p>\n

    2. multipart\/form-data<\/h4>\n

    \u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u4f20\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u88ab\u5206\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206，\u6bcf\u90e8\u5206\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5934\u90e8：<\/p>\n

    Content-Type: multipart\/form-data; boundary=—-WebKitFormBoundary<\/p>\n

    ——WebKitFormBoundary
    \nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="name"<\/p>\n

    \u5f20\u4e09
    \n——WebKitFormBoundary
    \nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="a.txt"
    \nContent-Type: text\/plain<\/p>\n

    \u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9
    \n——WebKitFormBoundary–<\/p>\n

    Spring MVC \u83b7\u53d6：<\/p>\n

    @PostMapping<\/span>(<\/span>"\/upload"<\/span>)<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span> String<\/span> upload<\/span>(<\/span>@RequestParam<\/span> String<\/span> name,<\/span>
    \n @RequestParam<\/span> MultipartFile<\/span> file)<\/span> {<\/span> }<\/span><\/p>\n

    3. application\/json<\/h4>\n

    \u524d\u540e\u7aef\u5206\u79bb\u9879\u76ee\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u662f JSON \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32：<\/p>\n

    Content-Type: application\/json<\/p>\n

    {"name":"\u5f20\u4e09","email":"zhangsan@example.com"}<\/p>\n

    Spring MVC \u83b7\u53d6：<\/p>\n

    @PostMapping<\/span>(<\/span>"\/json"<\/span>)<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span> User<\/span> json<\/span>(<\/span>@RequestBody<\/span> User<\/span> user)<\/span> {<\/span> }<\/span><\/p>\n

    @RequestBody \u4f1a\u8bfb\u53d6\u6574\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53，\u901a\u8fc7 HttpMessageConverter \u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u6210\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e94\u3001\u56db\u79cd\u53c2\u6570\u83b7\u53d6\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb<\/h3>\n\n\u6570\u636e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8bSpring MVC \u6ce8\u89e3<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    URL \u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf<\/td>\n\/users\/1 \u4e2d\u7684 1<\/td>\n@PathVariable<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    URL \u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570<\/td>\n?status=active<\/td>\n@RequestParam<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u8bf7\u6c42\u5934<\/td>\nUser-Agent: xxx<\/td>\n@RequestHeader<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Cookie<\/td>\nCookie: sessionId=abc<\/td>\n@CookieValue<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53（JSON）<\/td>\n{"name":"\u5f20\u4e09"}<\/td>\n@RequestBody<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53（\u8868\u5355）<\/td>\nname=\u5f20\u4e09&email=…<\/td>\n@RequestParam \u6216\u5bf9\u8c61\u63a5\u6536<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u516d\u3001GET \u548c POST \u5728\u534f\u8bae\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/h3>\n\n\u5bf9\u6bd4GETPOST<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u53c2\u6570\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/td>\nURL \u67e5\u8be2\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/td>\n\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u662f\u5426\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53<\/td>\n\u901a\u5e38\u6ca1\u6709<\/td>\n\u901a\u5e38\u6709<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Content-Length<\/td>\n\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a 0<\/td>\n\u6709\u503c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u5e42\u7b49<\/td>\n\u662f<\/td>\n\u5426<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u7f13\u5b58<\/td>\n\u53ef\u7f13\u5b58<\/td>\n\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u7f13\u5b58<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    GET \u8bf7\u6c42\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53，\u4f46 HTTP \u89c4\u8303\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350，\u5f88\u591a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4f1a\u5ffd\u7565\u3002Spring MVC \u7684 @RequestBody \u5728 GET \u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u62ff\u4e0d\u5230\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e03\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u8bf7\u6c42\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n

    1. \u67e5\u8be2\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h4>\n

    GET \/api\/users?status=active&page=1 HTTP\/1.1
    \nHost: example.com
    \nAccept: application\/json
    \nUser-Agent: Mozilla\/5.0<\/p>\n

    \u6ca1\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n

    2. JSON \u63d0\u4ea4\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h4>\n

    POST \/api\/users HTTP\/1.1
    \nHost: example.com
    \nContent-Type: application\/json
    \nContent-Length: 52
    \nAccept: application\/json<\/p>\n

    {"name":"\u5f20\u4e09","email":"zhangsan@example.com"}<\/p>\n

    3. \u8868\u5355\u63d0\u4ea4\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h4>\n

    POST \/api\/login HTTP\/1.1
    \nHost: example.com
    \nContent-Type: application\/x-www-form-urlencoded
    \nContent-Length: 30<\/p>\n

    username=admin&password=123456<\/p>\n

    4. \u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u4f20\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h4>\n

    POST \/api\/upload HTTP\/1.1
    \nHost: example.com
    \nContent-Type: multipart\/form-data; boundary=—-Boundary<\/p>\n

    ——Boundary
    \nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="a.txt"
    \nContent-Type: text\/plain<\/p>\n

    \u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9
    \n——Boundary–<\/p>\n

    \u516b\u3001Spring MVC \u4e2d\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u63a5\u6536\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n

    @RestController<\/span>
    \n@RequestMapping<\/span>(<\/span>"\/api\/users"<\/span>)<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span> class<\/span> UserController<\/span> {<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8def\u5f84\u53d8\u91cf + \u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570<\/span>
    \n @GetMapping<\/span>(<\/span>"\/{id}"<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n public<\/span> User<\/span> getById<\/span>(<\/span>@PathVariable<\/span> Long<\/span> id,<\/span>
    \n @RequestParam<\/span>(<\/span>required =<\/span> false<\/span>)<\/span> String<\/span> fields)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> userService.<\/span>getById<\/span>(<\/span>id)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ JSON \u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53<\/span>
    \n @PostMapping<\/span>
    \n public<\/span> User<\/span> create<\/span>(<\/span>@RequestBody<\/span> @Valid<\/span> User<\/span> user)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> userService.<\/span>save<\/span>(<\/span>user)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8868\u5355\u63d0\u4ea4<\/span>
    \n @PostMapping<\/span>(<\/span>"\/form"<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n public<\/span> User<\/span> createByForm<\/span>(<\/span>User<\/span> user)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> userService.<\/span>save<\/span>(<\/span>user)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8bf7\u6c42\u5934<\/span>
    \n @GetMapping<\/span>(<\/span>"\/header"<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n public<\/span> String<\/span> header<\/span>(<\/span>@RequestHeader<\/span>(<\/span>"User-Agent"<\/span>)<\/span> String<\/span> ua)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> ua;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ Cookie<\/span>
    \n @GetMapping<\/span>(<\/span>"\/cookie"<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n public<\/span> String<\/span> cookie<\/span>(<\/span>@CookieValue<\/span>(<\/span>"sessionId"<\/span>)<\/span> String<\/span> sessionId)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> sessionId;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u4f20<\/span>
    \n @PostMapping<\/span>(<\/span>"\/upload"<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n public<\/span> String<\/span> upload<\/span>(<\/span>@RequestParam<\/span> MultipartFile<\/span> file)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> file.<\/span>getOriginalFilename<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u4e5d\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n

    1. 415 Unsupported Media Type<\/p>\n

    \u8bf7\u6c42\u7684 Content-Type \u4e0e\u63a5\u53e3\u7684 consumes \u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u63a5\u53e3\u58f0\u660e consumes = "application\/json"，\u4f46\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u4e86 text\/plain\u3002<\/p>\n

    2. 400 Bad Request<\/p>\n

    \u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53 JSON \u683c\u5f0f\u9519\u8bef，\u6216\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u3002\u68c0\u67e5 Content-Type \u662f\u5426\u4e3a application\/json，JSON \u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

    3. @RequestBody \u62ff\u4e0d\u5230\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n

    \u68c0\u67e5\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5426\u4e3a POST\/PUT\/PATCH，Content-Type \u662f\u5426\u4e3a application\/json\u3002GET \u8bf7\u6c42\u901a\u5e38\u6ca1\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n

    4. @RequestParam \u62ff\u4e0d\u5230\u8868\u5355\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n

    \u68c0\u67e5 Content-Type \u662f\u5426\u4e3a application\/x-www-form-urlencoded\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662f application\/json，\u8868\u5355\u53c2\u6570\u62ff\u4e0d\u5230，\u9700\u8981\u7528 @RequestBody\u3002<\/p>\n

    5. \u4e2d\u6587\u4e71\u7801<\/p>\n

    \u68c0\u67e5\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934 Content-Type \u662f\u5426\u5e26\u4e86 charset=UTF-8，\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7f16\u7801\u914d\u7f6e\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5341\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n\n\u8bf7\u6c42\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9Spring MVC \u83b7\u53d6\u65b9\u5f0f<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u8bf7\u6c42\u884c<\/td>\n\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570<\/td>\n@PathVariable\u3001@RequestParam<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u8bf7\u6c42\u5934<\/td>\n\u5143\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001Cookie<\/td>\n@RequestHeader\u3001@CookieValue<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u7a7a\u884c<\/td>\n\u5206\u9694\u7b26<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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