{"id":115347,"date":"2026-10-12T01:00:45","date_gmt":"2026-10-11T17:00:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/115347.html"},"modified":"2026-10-12T01:00:45","modified_gmt":"2026-10-11T17:00:45","slug":"linux-%e8%bf%9b%e7%a8%8b%e4%bf%a1%e5%8f%b7-%e4%b8%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/115347.html","title":{"rendered":"linux \u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u53f7 (\u4e0a)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u535a\u5ba2\u4e00&#xff1a;Linux\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff08;\u4e0a&#xff09;\u2014\u2014\u4fe1\u53f7\u57fa\u7840\u4e0e\u4ea7\u751f<\/h2>\n<h3>\u4e00\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u5feb\u901f\u8ba4\u8bc6<\/h3>\n<h4>1.1 \u751f\u6d3b\u89d2\u5ea6\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7<\/h4>\n<p>\u7528\u5feb\u9012\u6765\u7c7b\u6bd4\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8bc6\u522b\u5feb\u9012&#xff1a;\u4f60\u5728\u7f51\u4e0a\u4e70\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5546\u54c1&#xff0c;\u5373\u4fbf\u5feb\u9012\u6ca1\u5230&#xff0c;\u4f60\u4e5f\u77e5\u9053\u5feb\u9012\u6765\u4e34\u65f6\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u5904\u7406\u2014\u2014\u4f60\u80fd&#034;\u8bc6\u522b\u5feb\u9012&#034;<\/li>\n<li>\u5f02\u6b65\u6027&#xff1a;\u5feb\u9012\u5458\u5230\u697c\u4e0b\u901a\u77e5\u4f60&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4f60\u6b63\u5728\u6253\u6e38\u620f&#xff0c;\u97005min\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u53bb\u53d6\u2014\u2014\u53d6\u5feb\u9012\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u7acb\u5373\u6267\u884c&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5&#034;\u5728\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u53bb\u53d6&#034;<\/li>\n<li>\u65f6\u95f4\u7a97\u53e3&#xff1a;\u4ece\u6536\u5230\u901a\u77e5\u5230\u62ff\u5230\u5feb\u9012\u671f\u95f4&#xff0c;\u4f60&#034;\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4e86\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5feb\u9012\u8981\u53bb\u53d6&#034;<\/li>\n<li>\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff1a;\n<li>\u6267\u884c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u52a8\u4f5c&#xff08;\u6253\u5f00\u4f7f\u7528&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u6267\u884c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u52a8\u4f5c&#xff08;\u9001\u7ed9\u5973\u670b\u53cb&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u5ffd\u7565\u5feb\u9012&#xff08;\u6254\u6389\u7ee7\u7eed\u6253\u6e38\u620f&#xff09;<\/li>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5feb\u9012\u5230\u6765\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u5f02\u6b65\u7684&#xff0c;\u4f60\u4e0d\u80fd\u51c6\u786e\u65ad\u5b9a\u5feb\u9012\u5458\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u6253\u7535\u8bdd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u8bba&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8bc6\u522b\u4fe1\u53f7\u662f\u5185\u7f6e\u7684&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8bc6\u522b\u4fe1\u53f7\u662f\u5185\u6838\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u5199\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u7279\u6027<\/li>\n<li>\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u5728\u4fe1\u53f7\u4ea7\u751f\u4e4b\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u4e86<\/li>\n<li>\u5904\u7406\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e0d\u662f\u7acb\u5373\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65f6\u5019<\/li>\n<li>\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b&#xff1a;\u4fe1\u53f7\u4ea7\u751f \u2192 \u4fe1\u53f7\u4fdd\u5b58 \u2192 \u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406<\/li>\n<li>\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff1a;a.\u9ed8\u8ba4 b.\u5ffd\u7565 c.\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49&#xff08;\u540e\u7eed\u90fd\u53eb\u4fe1\u53f7\u6355\u6349&#xff09;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>1.2 \u6280\u672f\u5e94\u7528\u89d2\u5ea6\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7<\/h4>\n<p>\u6837\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ sig.cc<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;iostream&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;unistd.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">main<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">while<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token boolean\">true<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>cout <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;I am a process, I am waiting signal!&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">sleep<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u5728Shell\u4e0b\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u524d\u53f0\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/li>\n<li>\u7528\u6237\u6309\u4e0bCtrl&#043;C&#xff0c;\u952e\u76d8\u8f93\u5165\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u786c\u4ef6\u4e2d\u65ad&#xff0c;\u88abOS\u83b7\u53d6&#xff0c;\u89e3\u91ca\u6210\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff0c;\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u76ee\u6807\u524d\u53f0\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/li>\n<li>\u524d\u53f0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u56e0\u4e3a\u6536\u5230\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>signal\u7cfb\u7edf\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;signal.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">typedef<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">sighandler_t<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token class-name\">sighandler_t<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">signal<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> signum<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">sighandler_t<\/span> handler<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>signum&#xff1a;\u4fe1\u53f7\u7f16\u53f7<\/li>\n<li>handler&#xff1a;\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488&#xff0c;\u8868\u793a\u66f4\u6539\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u5f53\u6536\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff0c;\u5c31\u56de\u8c03\u6267\u884chandler\u65b9\u6cd5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u9a8c\u8bc1Ctrl&#043;C\u672c\u8d28\u662fSIGINT&#xff08;2\u53f7\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff09;&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;iostream&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;unistd.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;signal.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">handler<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> signumber<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>cout <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u6211\u662f&#xff1a;&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">getpid<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n              <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;&#xff0c;\u6211\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff1a;&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> signumber <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">main<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>cout <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u6211\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff1a;&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">getpid<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">signal<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>SIGINT<span class=\"token comment\">\/*2*\/<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> handler<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">while<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token boolean\">true<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>cout <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;I am a process, I am waiting signal!&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">sleep<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8fd0\u884c\u540e\u6309Ctrl&#043;C&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u9000\u51fa&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6267\u884c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49handler<\/li>\n<li>\u8bf4\u660e\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u5904\u7406<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u751f\u6d3b\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e0eCtrl&#043;C\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7ed3\u5408&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c31\u662f\u4f60&#xff0c;\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u662f\u5feb\u9012\u5458&#xff0c;\u4fe1\u53f7\u5c31\u662f\u5feb\u9012&#xff0c;\u53d1\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c31\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7ed9\u4f60\u6253\u7535\u8bdd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>signal\u51fd\u6570\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u7279\u5b9a\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u6355\u6349\u884c\u4e3a\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u540e\u7eed\u7279\u5b9a\u4fe1\u53f7\u6ca1\u6709\u4ea7\u751f&#xff0c;\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u6355\u6349\u51fd\u6570\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u8c03\u7528<\/li>\n<li>Ctrl&#043;C\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u53ea\u80fd\u53d1\u7ed9\u524d\u53f0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\u9762\u52a0&amp;\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u5230\u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c<\/li>\n<li>Shell\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u524d\u53f0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u4efb\u610f\u591a\u4e2a\u540e\u53f0\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u53ea\u6709\u524d\u53f0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u624d\u80fd\u63a5\u5230\u50cfCtrl&#043;C\u8fd9\u79cd\u63a7\u5236\u952e\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7<\/li>\n<li>\u524d\u53f0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7528\u6237\u968f\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u6309\u4e0bCtrl&#043;C\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u4ee3\u7801\u6267\u884c\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u5730\u65b9\u90fd\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6536\u5230SIGINT\u4fe1\u53f7\u800c\u7ec8\u6b62&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u4fe1\u53f7\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u7a0b\u6765\u8bf4\u662f**\u5f02\u6b65(Asynchronous)**\u7684<\/li>\n<li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e17\u900f&amp;\u548cnohup<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>1.3 \u4fe1\u53f7\u6982\u5ff5<\/h4>\n<p>\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff1a;\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5f02\u6b65\u901a\u77e5\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8f6f\u4e2d\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>$ <span class=\"token function\">kill<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-l<\/span><br \/>\n <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGHUP       <span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGINT       <span class=\"token number\">3<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGQUIT      <span class=\"token number\">4<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGILL       <span class=\"token number\">5<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGTRAP<br \/>\n <span class=\"token number\">6<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGABRT      <span class=\"token number\">7<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGBUS       <span class=\"token number\">8<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGFPE       <span class=\"token number\">9<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGKILL     <span class=\"token number\">10<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGUSR1<br \/>\n<span class=\"token number\">11<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGSEGV     <span class=\"token number\">12<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGUSR2     <span class=\"token number\">13<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGPIPE     <span class=\"token number\">14<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGALRM     <span class=\"token number\">15<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGTERM<br \/>\n<span class=\"token number\">16<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGSTKFLT   <span class=\"token number\">17<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGCHLD     <span class=\"token number\">18<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGCONT     <span class=\"token number\">19<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGSTOP     <span class=\"token number\">20<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGTSTP<br \/>\n<span class=\"token number\">21<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGTTIN     <span class=\"token number\">22<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGTTOU     <span class=\"token number\">23<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGURG      <span class=\"token number\">24<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGXCPU     <span class=\"token number\">25<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGXFSZ<br \/>\n<span class=\"token number\">26<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGVTALRM   <span class=\"token number\">27<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGPROF     <span class=\"token number\">28<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGWINCH    <span class=\"token number\">29<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGIO       <span class=\"token number\">30<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGPWR<br \/>\n<span class=\"token number\">31<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGSYS      <span class=\"token number\">34<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGRTMIN    <span class=\"token number\">35<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGRTMIN&#043;1  <span class=\"token punctuation\">..<\/span>.  <span class=\"token number\">64<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> SIGRTMAX<\/p>\n<p>\u5b8f\u5b9a\u4e49&#xff08;\u5728signal.h\u4e2d&#xff09;&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">SIGINT<\/span>  <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token number\">2<\/span>   <\/span><span class=\"token comment\">\/* Interactive attention signal.  *\/<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">SIGILL<\/span>  <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token number\">4<\/span>   <\/span><span class=\"token comment\">\/* Illegal instruction.  *\/<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">SIGABRT<\/span> <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token number\">6<\/span>   <\/span><span class=\"token comment\">\/* Abnormal termination.  *\/<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">SIGFPE<\/span>  <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token number\">8<\/span>   <\/span><span class=\"token comment\">\/* Erroneous arithmetic operation.  *\/<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">SIGSEGV<\/span> <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token number\">11<\/span>  <\/span><span class=\"token comment\">\/* Invalid access to storage.  *\/<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">SIGTERM<\/span> <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token number\">15<\/span>  <\/span><span class=\"token comment\">\/* Termination request.  *\/<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">SIGHUP<\/span>  <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span>   <\/span><span class=\"token comment\">\/* Hangup.  *\/<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">SIGQUIT<\/span> <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token number\">3<\/span>   <\/span><span class=\"token comment\">\/* Quit.  *\/<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">SIGTRAP<\/span> <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token number\">5<\/span>   <\/span><span class=\"token comment\">\/* Trace\/breakpoint trap.  *\/<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">SIGKILL<\/span> <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token number\">9<\/span>   <\/span><span class=\"token comment\">\/* Killed.  *\/<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">SIGBUS<\/span>  <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token number\">10<\/span>  <\/span><span class=\"token comment\">\/* Bus error.  *\/<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">SIGSYS<\/span>  <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token number\">12<\/span>  <\/span><span class=\"token comment\">\/* Bad system call.  *\/<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">SIGPIPE<\/span> <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token number\">13<\/span>  <\/span><span class=\"token comment\">\/* Broken pipe.  *\/<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">SIGALRM<\/span> <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token number\">14<\/span>  <\/span><span class=\"token comment\">\/* Alarm clock.  *\/<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ &#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7f16\u53f734\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u662f\u5b9e\u65f6\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff0c;\u672c\u7ae0\u53ea\u8ba8\u8bba\u7f16\u53f734\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7<\/li>\n<li>\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e&#xff1a;man 7 signal<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>1.4 \u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h4>\n<p>1. \u5ffd\u7565\u6b64\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">signal<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>SIGINT<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> SIG_IGN<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5ffd\u7565\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5b8f<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8f93\u5165Ctrl&#043;C\u6beb\u65e0\u53cd\u5e94<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>2. \u6267\u884c\u8be5\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u4f5c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">signal<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>SIGINT<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> SIG_DFL<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8f93\u5165Ctrl&#043;C&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>3. \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570&#xff08;\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6355\u6349&#xff09;&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">signal<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>SIGINT<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> handler<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5185\u6838\u5728\u5904\u7406\u8be5\u4fe1\u53f7\u65f6\u5207\u6362\u5230\u7528\u6237\u6001\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6e90\u7801&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">SIG_DFL<\/span> <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>__sighandler_t<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>  <\/span><span class=\"token comment\">\/* Default action.  *\/<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">SIG_IGN<\/span> <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>__sighandler_t<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>  <\/span><span class=\"token comment\">\/* Ignore signal.  *\/<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">typedef<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>__sighandler_t<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5176\u5b9eSIG_DFL\u548cSIG_IGN\u5c31\u662f\u628a0,1\u5f3a\u8f6c\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u7c7b\u578b<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u4ea7\u751f\u4fe1\u53f7<\/h3>\n<h4>2.1 \u901a\u8fc7\u7ec8\u7aef\u6309\u952e\u4ea7\u751f\u4fe1\u53f7<\/h4>\n<p>Ctrl&#043;C (SIGINT)&#xff1a;\u5df2\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fc7<\/p>\n<p>Ctrl&#043;\\\\ (SIGQUIT)&#xff1a;\u53d1\u9001\u7ec8\u6b62\u4fe1\u53f7\u5e76\u751f\u6210core dump\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u4e8b\u540e\u8c03\u8bd5<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">signal<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>SIGQUIT<span class=\"token comment\">\/*3*\/<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> handler<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6309Ctrl&#043;\\\\&#xff0c;\u6267\u884c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49handler<\/li>\n<li>\u6ce8\u91ca\u6389\u540e\u6309Ctrl&#043;\\\\&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa&#xff0c;\u663e\u793aQuit<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ctrl&#043;Z (SIGTSTP)&#xff1a;\u53d1\u9001\u505c\u6b62\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff0c;\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u524d\u53f0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6302\u8d77\u5230\u540e\u53f0<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">signal<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>SIGTSTP<span class=\"token comment\">\/*20*\/<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> handler<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6309Ctrl&#043;Z&#xff0c;\u6267\u884c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49handler<\/li>\n<li>\u6ce8\u91ca\u6389\u540e\u6309Ctrl&#043;Z&#xff0c;\u663e\u793aStopped&#xff0c;\u53ef\u7528jobs\u67e5\u770b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7406\u89e3OS\u5982\u4f55\u5f97\u77e5\u952e\u76d8\u6709\u6570\u636e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u952e\u76d8\u6309\u4e0b<\/li>\n<li>\u5411CPU\u53d1\u9001\u786c\u4ef6\u4e2d\u65ad<\/li>\n<li>CPU\u8bc6\u522b\u81ea\u8eab\u9488\u811a\u5177\u6709\u786c\u4ef6\u4e2d\u65ad\u4fe1\u606f&#xff08;\u9ad8\u7535\u538b&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>CPU\u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u952e\u76d8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/li>\n<li>OS\u505c\u4e0b\u6765\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u5916\u8bbe\u8bfb\u5165\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u7b49\u5f85\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5904\u7406<\/li>\n<p>\u521d\u6b65\u7406\u89e3\u4fe1\u53f7\u8d77\u6e90&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4fe1\u53f7\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4ece\u7eaf\u8f6f\u4ef6\u89d2\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u6a21\u62df\u786c\u4ef6\u4e2d\u65ad\u7684\u884c\u4e3a<\/li>\n<li>\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u786c\u4ef6\u4e2d\u65ad\u662f\u53d1\u7ed9CPU&#xff0c;\u800c\u4fe1\u53f7\u662f\u53d1\u7ed9\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/li>\n<li>\u4e24\u8005\u6709\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662f\u5c42\u7ea7\u4e0d\u540c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2.2 \u8c03\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u4ee4\u5411\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u4fe1\u53f7<\/h4>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;iostream&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;unistd.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;signal.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">main<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">while<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token boolean\">true<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">sleep<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>$ g&#043;&#043; sig.cc <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-o<\/span> sig      <span class=\"token comment\"># step1<\/span><br \/>\n$ .\/sig<span class=\"token operator\">&amp;<\/span>                 <span class=\"token comment\"># step2<\/span><br \/>\n$ <span class=\"token function\">ps<\/span> ajx <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">head<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-1<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&amp;&amp;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">ps<\/span> ajx <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> sig  <span class=\"token comment\"># step3<\/span><br \/>\n <span class=\"token environment constant\">PPID<\/span>   PID  PGID   SID TTY      TPGID STAT   <span class=\"token environment constant\">UID<\/span>   TIME COMMAND<br \/>\n<span class=\"token number\">211805<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">213784<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">213784<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">211805<\/span> pts\/0  <span class=\"token number\">213792<\/span> S    <span class=\"token number\">1002<\/span>   <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span>:00 .\/sig<br \/>\n$ <span class=\"token function\">kill<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-SIGSEGV<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">213784<\/span><br \/>\n$<br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span>&#043;  Segmentation fault      .\/sig<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>213784\u662fsig\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684pid<\/li>\n<li>\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u518d\u6b21\u56de\u8f66\u624d\u663e\u793aSegmentation fault&#xff0c;\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728213784\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec8\u6b62\u6389\u4e4b\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u56de\u5230\u4e86Shell\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u7b49\u5f85\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u4e0b\u4e00\u6761\u547d\u4ee4&#xff0c;Shell\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671bSegmentation fault\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u4ea4\u9519\u5728\u4e00\u8d77&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u7b49\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u540e\u624d\u663e\u793a<\/li>\n<li>\u6307\u5b9a\u53d1\u9001\u67d0\u79cd\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684kill\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u6210kill -11 213784&#xff0c;11\u662f\u4fe1\u53f7SIGSEGV\u7684\u7f16\u53f7<\/li>\n<li>\u4ee5\u5f80\u9047\u5230\u7684\u6bb5\u9519\u8bef\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u975e\u6cd5\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u4ea7\u751f\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u672c\u8eab\u6ca1\u9519&#xff0c;\u7ed9\u5b83\u53d1SIGSEGV\u4e5f\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u6bb5\u9519\u8bef<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2.3 \u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u4ea7\u751f\u4fe1\u53f7<\/h4>\n<p>kill\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;sys\/types.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;signal.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">kill<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">pid_t<\/span> pid<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de0&#xff0c;\u51fa\u9519\u8fd4\u56de-1<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6837\u4f8b&#xff1a;\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684kill\u547d\u4ee4&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ mykill -signumber pid<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">main<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> argc<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">char<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>argv<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>argc <span class=\"token operator\">!&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">3<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>cerr <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;Usage: &#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> argv<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034; -signumber pid&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> number <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span><span class=\"token function\">stoi<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>argv<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u53bb\u6389-<\/span><br \/>\n    pid_t pid <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span><span class=\"token function\">stoi<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>argv<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> n <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">kill<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>pid<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> number<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> n<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>raise\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;\u7ed9\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff08;\u81ea\u5df1\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u53d1\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;signal.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">raise<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de0&#xff0c;\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de\u975e\u96f6<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6837\u4f8b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">handler<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> signumber<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>cout <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u83b7\u53d6\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff1a;&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> signumber <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">main<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">signal<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> handler<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5148\u5bf92\u53f7\u4fe1\u53f7\u8fdb\u884c\u6355\u6349<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">while<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token boolean\">true<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">sleep<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">raise<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u6bcf\u96941s&#xff0c;\u81ea\u5df1\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u53d1\u90012\u53f7\u4fe1\u53f7<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>abort\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;\u4f7f\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u4fe1\u53f7\u800c\u5f02\u5e38\u7ec8\u6b62<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;stdlib.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">abort<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ abort\u51fd\u6570\u603b\u662f\u4f1a\u6210\u529f\u7684&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6837\u4f8b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">signal<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>SIGABRT<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> handler<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">while<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token boolean\">true<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">sleep<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">abort<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5b9e\u9a8c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u77e5&#xff0c;abort\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a6\u53f7\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff0c;\u867d\u7136\u6355\u6349\u4e86&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662f\u4ecd\u7136\u4f1a\u7ec8\u6b62<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ Aborted<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>2.4 \u7531\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6761\u4ef6\u4ea7\u751f\u4fe1\u53f7<\/h4>\n<p>SIGPIPE&#xff1a;\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7531\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6761\u4ef6\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff08;\u5411\u5df2\u5173\u95ed\u7684\u7ba1\u9053\u5199\u6570\u636e&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>alarm\u51fd\u6570\u548cSIGALRM\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;unistd.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">unsigned<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">alarm<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">unsigned<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> seconds<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u8fd4\u56de\u503c&#xff1a;0\u6216\u4ee5\u524d\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u95f9\u949f\u65f6\u95f4\u8fd8\u4f59\u4e0b\u7684\u79d2\u6570<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8c03\u7528alarm\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u95f9\u949f&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u544a\u8bc9\u5185\u6838\u5728seconds\u79d2\u4e4b\u540e\u7ed9\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1SIGALRM\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff0c;\u8be5\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u4f5c\u662f\u7ec8\u6b62\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679cseconds\u503c\u4e3a0&#xff0c;\u8868\u793a\u53d6\u6d88\u4ee5\u524d\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u95f9\u949f&#xff0c;\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4ee5\u524d\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u95f9\u949f\u65f6\u95f4\u8fd8\u4f59\u4e0b\u7684\u79d2\u6570<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u57fa\u672calarm\u9a8c\u8bc1\u2014\u2014\u4f53\u4f1aIO\u6548\u7387\u95ee\u9898&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ IO\u591a<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> count <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">handler<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> signumber<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>cout <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;count : &#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> count <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">exit<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">main<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">signal<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>SIGALRM<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> handler<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">alarm<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">while<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token boolean\">true<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        count<span class=\"token operator\">&#043;&#043;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u8f93\u51fa&#xff1a;count : 107148  (IO\u591a&#xff0c;\u6548\u7387\u4f4e)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ IO\u5c11<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> count <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">handler<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> signumber<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>cout <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;count : &#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> count <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">exit<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">main<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">signal<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>SIGALRM<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> handler<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">alarm<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">while<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token boolean\">true<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        count<span class=\"token operator\">&#043;&#043;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u8f93\u51fa&#xff1a;count : 492333713  (IO\u5c11&#xff0c;\u6548\u7387\u9ad8)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u7ed3\u8bba&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u95f9\u949f\u4f1a\u54cd\u4e00\u6b21&#xff0c;\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/li>\n<li>\u6709IO\u6548\u7387\u4f4e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u91cd\u590d\u95f9\u949f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;iostream&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;unistd.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;signal.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;vector&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;functional&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">using<\/span> func_t <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>function<span class=\"token operator\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> gcount <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\nstd<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>vector<span class=\"token operator\">&lt;<\/span>func_t<span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> gfuncs<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">handler<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> signo<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">for<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">auto<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&amp;<\/span>f <span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span> gfuncs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">f<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>cout <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;gcount : &#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> gcount <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> n <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">alarm<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u91cd\u8bbe\u95f9\u949f&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b21\u95f9\u949f\u7684\u5269\u4f59\u65f6\u95f4<\/span><br \/>\n    std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>cout <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u5269\u4f59\u65f6\u95f4&#xff1a;&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> n <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">main<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">alarm<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u7684\u95f9\u949f&#xff0c;\u8d85\u65f6alarm\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u88ab\u53d6\u6d88<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">signal<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>SIGALRM<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> handler<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">while<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token boolean\">true<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">pause<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>cout <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u6211\u9192\u6765\u4e86&#8230;&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        gcount<span class=\"token operator\">&#043;&#043;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>pause\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;\u7b49\u5f85\u4fe1\u53f7<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;unistd.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">pause<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ pause()\u4f7f\u8c03\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff08;\u6216\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff09;\u7761\u7720&#xff0c;\u76f4\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7\u88ab\u9012\u9001&#xff0c;\u8be5\u4fe1\u53f7\u8981\u4e48\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u8981\u4e48\u5bfc\u81f4\u8c03\u7528\u4fe1\u53f7\u6355\u83b7\u51fd\u6570<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u4fe1\u53f7\u88ab\u6355\u83b7\u4e14\u4fe1\u53f7\u6355\u83b7\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u65f6&#xff0c;pause()\u624d\u8fd4\u56de\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b&#xff0c;pause()\u8fd4\u56de-1&#xff0c;errno\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aEINTR<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6761\u4ef6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6761\u4ef6\u6307\u7684\u662f\u7531\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5185\u90e8\u72b6\u6001\u6216\u7279\u5b9a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u89e6\u53d1\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u4ea7\u751f\u673a\u5236<\/li>\n<li>\u5305\u62ec\u4f46\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e&#xff1a;\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u8d85\u65f6&#xff08;\u5982alarm\u51fd\u6570\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5230\u8fbe&#xff09;\u3001\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f02\u5e38&#xff08;\u5982\u5411\u5df2\u5173\u95ed\u7684\u7ba1\u9053\u5199\u6570\u636e\u4ea7\u751f\u7684SIGPIPE\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff09;\u7b49<\/li>\n<li>\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6761\u4ef6\u6ee1\u8db3\u65f6&#xff0c;\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5411\u76f8\u5173\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u901a\u77e5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5904\u7406<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5982\u4f55\u7b80\u5355\u5feb\u901f\u7406\u89e3\u7cfb\u7edf\u95f9\u949f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7cfb\u7edf\u95f9\u949f&#xff0c;\u5176\u5b9e\u672c\u8d28\u662fOS\u5fc5\u987b\u81ea\u8eab\u5177\u6709\u5b9a\u65f6\u529f\u80fd&#xff0c;\u5e76\u80fd\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b9a\u65f6\u529f\u80fd&#xff0c;\u624d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u95f9\u949f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6280\u672f<\/li>\n<li>\u73b0\u4ee3Linux\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b9a\u65f6\u529f\u80fd\u7684&#xff0c;\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u4e5f\u8981\u88ab\u7ba1\u7406&#xff1a;\u5148\u63cf\u8ff0&#xff0c;\u518d\u7ec4\u7ec7<\/li>\n<li>\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784&#xff1a;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">struct<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">timer_list<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">struct<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">list_head<\/span> entry<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">unsigned<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> expires<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>function<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">unsigned<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">unsigned<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> data<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">struct<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">tvec_t_base_s<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>base<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4expires\u548c\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5function<\/li>\n<li>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668&#xff0c;\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f\u65f6\u95f4\u8f6e\u7684\u505a\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u7406\u89e3&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6210\u4e3a&#034;\u5806\u7ed3\u6784&#034;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2.5 \u786c\u4ef6\u5f02\u5e38\u4ea7\u751f\u4fe1\u53f7<\/h4>\n<p>\u786c\u4ef6\u5f02\u5e38\u88ab\u786c\u4ef6\u4ee5\u67d0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u5e76\u901a\u77e5\u5185\u6838&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u5185\u6838\u5411\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u4e86\u9664\u4ee50\u7684\u6307\u4ee4&#xff0c;CPU\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u5355\u5143\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5f02\u5e38&#xff0c;\u5185\u6838\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f02\u5e38\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3aSIGFPE\u4fe1\u53f7\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/li>\n<li>\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86\u975e\u6cd5\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740&#xff0c;MMU\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5f02\u5e38&#xff0c;\u5185\u6838\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f02\u5e38\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3aSIGSEGV\u4fe1\u53f7\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6a21\u62df\u96640&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;stdio.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;signal.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">handler<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">printf<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;catch a sig : %d\\\\n&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">main<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ signal(SIGFPE, handler);  \/\/ 8) SIGFPE<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">sleep<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> a <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">10<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    a <span class=\"token operator\">\/&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">while<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6a21\u62df\u91ce\u6307\u9488&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u9ed8\u8ba4\u884c\u4e3a<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;stdio.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;signal.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">handler<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">printf<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;catch a sig : %d\\\\n&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> sig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">main<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ signal(SIGSEGV, handler);<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">sleep<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>p <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token constant\">NULL<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>p <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">100<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">while<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u8f93\u51fa&#xff1a;Segmentation fault (core dumped)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u6355\u6349\u884c\u4e3a<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">signal<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>SIGSEGV<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> handler<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u8f93\u51fa&#xff1a;catch a sig : 11<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/       catch a sig : 11<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/       catch a sig : 11<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0&#xff1a;\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u76f4\u67098\u53f7\u4fe1\u53f7\u4ea7\u751f\u88ab\u6211\u4eec\u6355\u83b7&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0a\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u63d0\u5230CPU\u8fd0\u7b97\u5f02\u5e38\u540e&#xff0c;\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0aOS\u4f1a\u68c0\u67e5\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5&#xff0c;\u5176\u5b9e\u5728CPU\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee3\u7801\u4f7f\u7528<\/li>\n<li>\u72b6\u6001\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5355\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u56fe&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u5e94\u7740\u4e00\u4e9b\u72b6\u6001\u6807\u8bb0\u4f4d\u3001\u6ea2\u51fa\u6807\u8bb0\u4f4d\u3002OS\u4f1a\u68c0\u6d4b\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u5f02\u5e38\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u6709\u5f02\u5e38\u5b58\u5728\u5c31\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5<\/li>\n<li>\u9664\u96f6\u5f02\u5e38\u540e&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6e05\u7406\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u5173\u95ed\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5207\u6362\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5CPU\u4e2d\u8fd8\u4fdd\u7559\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u9664\u96f6\u5f02\u5e38\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u5c31\u6709\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u76f4\u53d1\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u73b0\u8c61<\/li>\n<li>\u8bbf\u95ee\u975e\u6cd5\u5185\u5b58\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51facore dump&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;iostream&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;string&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;unistd.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;stdlib.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;signal.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;sys\/wait.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">main<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token function\">fork<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">sleep<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> a <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">10<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        a <span class=\"token operator\">\/&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">exit<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> status <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">waitpid<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&amp;<\/span>status<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">printf<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;exit signal: %d, core dump: %d\\\\n&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> status<span class=\"token operator\">&amp;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">0x7F<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>status<span class=\"token operator\">&gt;&gt;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">7<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&amp;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>status\u7ed3\u6784&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>15-8\u4f4d&#xff1a;\u6b63\u5e38\u7ec8\u6b62\u9000\u51fa\u72b6\u6001 \/ \u5f02\u5e38\u88ab\u4fe1\u53f7\u6740\u6389\u9000\u51fa\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff08;\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\u7ed3\u675f&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>7\u4f4d&#xff1a;core dump\u6807\u5fd7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>man 7 signal&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>SIGABRT   P1990  Core  Abort signal from abort(3)<br \/>\nSIGALRM   P1990  Term  Timer signal from alarm(2)<br \/>\nSIGBUS    P2001  Core  Bus error (bad memory access)<br \/>\nSIGCHLD   P1990  Ign   Child stopped or terminated<br \/>\nSIGCLD    &#8211;      &#8211;     A synonym for SIGCHLD<br \/>\nSIGCONT   P1990  Cont  Continue if stopped<br \/>\nSIGEMT    &#8211;      &#8211;     Emulator trap<br \/>\nSIGFPE    P1990  Core  Floating-point exception<br \/>\nSIGHUP    P1990  Term  Hangup detected on controlling terminal<br \/>\n                       or death of controlling process<br \/>\nSIGILL    P1990  Core  Illegal Instruction<br \/>\nSIGINFO   &#8211;      &#8211;     A synonym for SIGPWR<br \/>\nSIGINT    P1990  Term  Interrupt from keyboard<br \/>\nSIGIO     &#8211;      Term  I\/O now possible (4.2BSD)<br \/>\nSIGIOT    &#8211;      Core  IOT trap. A synonym for SIGABRT<br \/>\nSIGKILL   P1990  Term  Kill signal<br \/>\nSIGLOST   &#8211;      Term  File lock lost (unused)<br \/>\nSIGPIPE   P1990  Term  Broken pipe: write to pipe with no readers; see pipe(7)<br \/>\nSIGPOLL   P2001  Term  Pollable event (Sys V).<\/p>\n<p>Core Dump&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>SIGINT\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u4f5c\u662f\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff0c;SIGQUIT\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u4f5c\u662f\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e76\u4e14Core Dump<\/li>\n<li>Core Dump&#xff1a;\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8981\u5f02\u5e38\u7ec8\u6b62\u65f6&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u628a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u5185\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u5168\u90e8\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u901a\u5e38\u662fcore&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u53eb\u505aCore Dump<\/li>\n<li>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f02\u5e38\u7ec8\u6b62\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709Bug&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u975e\u6cd5\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u5bfc\u81f4\u6bb5\u9519\u8bef&#xff0c;\u4e8b\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u8c03\u8bd5\u5668\u68c0\u67e5core\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u67e5\u6e05\u9519\u8bef\u539f\u56e0&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u53eb\u505aPost-mortem Debug&#xff08;\u4e8b\u540e\u8c03\u8bd5&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5141\u8bb8\u4ea7\u751f\u591a\u5927\u7684core\u6587\u4ef6\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684Resource Limit&#xff08;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728PCB\u4e2d&#xff09;\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u4ea7\u751fcore\u6587\u4ef6\u7684&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3acore\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u7b49\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u8c03\u8bd5\u9636\u6bb5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528ulimit\u547d\u4ee4\u6539\u53d8\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9650\u5236&#xff0c;\u5141\u8bb8\u4ea7\u751fcore\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>$ <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">ulimit<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-c<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1024<\/span><br \/>\n$ <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">ulimit<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-a<\/span><br \/>\ncore <span class=\"token function\">file<\/span> size          <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>blocks, -c<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1024<\/span><br \/>\ndata seg size           <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>kbytes, -d<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> unlimited<br \/>\nscheduling priority     <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>-e<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">file<\/span> size               <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>blocks, -f<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> unlimited<br \/>\npending signals         <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>-i<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">7643<\/span><br \/>\nmax locked memory       <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>kbytes, -l<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">65536<\/span><br \/>\nmax memory size         <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>kbytes, -m<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> unlimited<br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">open<\/span> files              <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>-n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">65535<\/span><br \/>\npipe size               <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">512<\/span> bytes, -p<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">8<\/span><br \/>\nPOSIX message queues    <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>bytes, -q<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">819200<\/span><br \/>\nreal-time priority      <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>-r<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><br \/>\nstack size              <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>kbytes, -s<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">8192<\/span><br \/>\ncpu <span class=\"token function\">time<\/span>                <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>seconds, -t<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> unlimited<br \/>\nmax user processes      <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>-u<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">7643<\/span><br \/>\nvirtual memory          <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>kbytes, -v<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> unlimited<br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">file<\/span> locks              <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>-x<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> unlimited<\/p>\n<p>\u6d4b\u8bd5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ test.c<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;stdio.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">main<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">printf<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;pid is : %d\\\\n&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">getpid<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">while<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u524d\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u952e\u5165Ctrl&#043;C&#xff08;\u8c8c\u4f3c\u4e0d\u884c&#xff09;\u6216Ctrl&#043;\\\\&#xff08;\u4ecb\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>ulimit\u547d\u4ee4\u6539\u53d8\u4e86Shell\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684Resource Limit&#xff0c;test\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684PCB\u7531Shell\u8fdb\u7a0b\u590d\u5236\u800c\u6765&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u548cShell\u8fdb\u7a0b\u76f8\u540c\u7684Resource Limit\u503c&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751fCore Dump\u4e86<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2.6 \u603b\u7ed3\u601d\u8003<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e0a\u9762\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u53f7\u4ea7\u751f&#xff0c;\u6700\u7ec8\u90fd\u8981\u6709OS\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6267\u884c&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff1f;OS\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u8005<\/li>\n<li>\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5904\u7406\u662f\u5426\u662f\u7acb\u5373\u5904\u7406\u7684&#xff1f;\u5728\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65f6\u5019<\/li>\n<li>\u4fe1\u53f7\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u88ab\u7acb\u5373\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u4fe1\u53f7\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u6682\u65f6\u88ab\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0b\u6765&#xff1f;\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u6700\u5408\u9002\u5462&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u6536\u5230\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u65f6\u5019&#xff0c;\u80fd\u5426\u80fd\u77e5\u9053&#xff0c;\u81ea\u5df1\u5e94\u8be5\u5bf9\u5408\u6cd5\u4fe1\u53f7\u4f5c\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u5462&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3OS\u5411\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff1f;\u80fd\u5426\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u53d1\u9001\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u4e09\u3001\u4fdd\u5b58\u4fe1\u53f7<\/h3>\n<h4>3.1 \u4fe1\u53f7\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u5e38\u89c1\u6982\u5ff5<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5b9e\u9645\u6267\u884c\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u4f5c\u79f0\u4e3a\u4fe1\u53f7\u9012\u8fbe(Delivery)<\/li>\n<li>\u4fe1\u53f7\u4ece\u4ea7\u751f\u5230\u9012\u8fbe\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u79f0\u4e3a\u4fe1\u53f7\u672a\u51b3(Pending)<\/li>\n<li>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u963b\u585e(Block)\u67d0\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7<\/li>\n<li>\u88ab\u963b\u585e\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u4ea7\u751f\u65f6\u5c06\u4fdd\u6301\u5728\u672a\u51b3\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u76f4\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b\u89e3\u9664\u5bf9\u6b64\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u963b\u585e&#xff0c;\u624d\u6267\u884c\u9012\u8fbe\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c<\/li>\n<li>\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;\u963b\u585e\u548c\u5ffd\u7565\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684&#xff0c;\u53ea\u8981\u4fe1\u53f7\u88ab\u963b\u585e\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9012\u8fbe&#xff0c;\u800c\u5ffd\u7565\u662f\u5728\u9012\u8fbe\u4e4b\u540e\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u4f5c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>3.2 \u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u8868\u793a<\/h4>\n<p>\u4fe1\u53f7\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u8868\u793a\u793a\u610f\u56fe&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>task_struct<br \/>\n    |<br \/>\n    &#043;&#8211; block    pending    handler<br \/>\n    |   SIGHP(1)    0          SIG_DFL<br \/>\n    |   SIGINT(2)   1          SIG_IGN<br \/>\n    |   SIGQUIT(3)  0          void sighandler(int signo)<br \/>\n    |   &#8230;&#8230;      &#8230;&#8230;     &#8230;&#8230;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7\u90fd\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u5206\u522b\u8868\u793a\u963b\u585e(block)\u548c\u672a\u51b3(pending)&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u8868\u793a\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u4f5c<\/li>\n<li>\u4fe1\u53f7\u4ea7\u751f\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5185\u6838\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u5757\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8be5\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u672a\u51b3\u6807\u5fd7&#xff0c;\u76f4\u5230\u4fe1\u53f7\u9012\u8fbe\u624d\u6e05\u9664\u8be5\u6807\u5fd7<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u4e0a\u56fe\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>SIGHUP\u4fe1\u53f7\u672a\u963b\u585e\u4e5f\u672a\u4ea7\u751f\u8fc7&#xff0c;\u5f53\u5b83\u9012\u8fbe\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u4f5c<\/li>\n<li>SIGINT\u4fe1\u53f7\u4ea7\u751f\u8fc7&#xff0c;\u4f46\u6b63\u5728\u88ab\u963b\u585e&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u6682\u65f6\u4e0d\u80fd\u9012\u8fbe\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5b83\u7684\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u4f5c\u662f\u5ffd\u7565&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u89e3\u9664\u963b\u585e\u4e4b\u524d\u4e0d\u80fd\u5ffd\u7565\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ecd\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e4b\u540e\u518d\u89e3\u9664\u963b\u585e<\/li>\n<li>SIGQUIT\u4fe1\u53f7\u672a\u4ea7\u751f\u8fc7&#xff0c;\u4e00\u65e6\u4ea7\u751fSIGQUIT\u4fe1\u53f7\u5c06\u88ab\u963b\u585e&#xff0c;\u5b83\u7684\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u4f5c\u662f\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570sighandler<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u89e3\u9664\u5bf9\u67d0\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u963b\u585e\u4e4b\u524d\u8fd9\u79cd\u4fe1\u53f7\u4ea7\u751f\u8fc7\u591a\u6b21&#xff0c;\u5c06\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406&#xff1f;POSIX.1\u5141\u8bb8\u7cfb\u7edf\u9012\u9001\u8be5\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e00\u6b21\u6216\u591a\u6b21\u3002Linux\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684&#xff1a;\u5e38\u89c4\u4fe1\u53f7\u5728\u9012\u8fbe\u4e4b\u524d\u4ea7\u751f\u591a\u6b21\u53ea\u8ba1\u4e00\u6b21&#xff0c;\u800c\u5b9e\u65f6\u4fe1\u53f7\u5728\u9012\u8fbe\u4e4b\u524d\u4ea7\u751f\u591a\u6b21\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f9d\u6b21\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u961f\u5217\u91cc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5185\u6838\u7ed3\u6784 &gt;&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">struct<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">task_struct<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token comment\">\/* signal handlers *\/<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">struct<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">sighand_struct<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>sighand<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">sigset_t<\/span> blocked<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">struct<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">sigpending<\/span> pending<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">struct<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">sighand_struct<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">atomic_t<\/span> count<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">struct<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">k_sigaction<\/span> action<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span>_NSIG<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ #define _NSIG 64<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">spinlock_t<\/span> siglock<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">struct<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">__new_sigaction<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    __sighandler_t sa_handler<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">unsigned<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> sa_flags<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>sa_restorer<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    __new_sigset_t sa_mask<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">struct<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">k_sigaction<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">struct<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">__new_sigaction<\/span> sa<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> __user <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>ka_restorer<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">typedef<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>__sighandler_t<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">struct<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">sigpending<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">struct<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">list_head<\/span> list<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">sigset_t<\/span> signal<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>3.3 sigset_t<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2abit\u7684\u672a\u51b3\u6807\u5fd7&#xff0c;\u975e0\u53731&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u8bb0\u5f55\u8be5\u4fe1\u53f7\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u6b21&#xff0c;\u963b\u585e\u6807\u5fd7\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u8868\u793a\u7684<\/li>\n<li>\u56e0\u6b64&#xff0c;\u672a\u51b3\u548c\u963b\u585e\u6807\u5fd7\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578bsigset_t\u6765\u5b58\u50a8<\/li>\n<li>sigset_t\u79f0\u4e3a\u4fe1\u53f7\u96c6&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684&#034;\u6709\u6548&#034;\u6216&#034;\u65e0\u6548&#034;\u72b6\u6001<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u963b\u585e\u4fe1\u53f7\u96c6\u4e2d&#034;\u6709\u6548&#034;\u548c&#034;\u65e0\u6548&#034;\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u662f\u8be5\u4fe1\u53f7\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u963b\u585e<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u672a\u51b3\u4fe1\u53f7\u96c6\u4e2d&#034;\u6709\u6548&#034;\u548c&#034;\u65e0\u6548&#034;\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u662f\u8be5\u4fe1\u53f7\u662f\u5426\u5904\u4e8e\u672a\u51b3\u72b6\u6001<\/li>\n<li>\u963b\u585e\u4fe1\u53f7\u96c6\u4e5f\u53eb\u505a\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u5c4f\u853d\u5b57(Signal Mask)&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684&#034;\u5c4f\u853d&#034;\u5e94\u8be5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u963b\u585e\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5ffd\u7565<\/li>\n<li>\u7c7b\u4f3c\u6743\u9650\u54ea\u91cc\u7684umask<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>3.4 \u4fe1\u53f7\u96c6\u64cd\u4f5c\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;signal.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">sigemptyset<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">sigset_t<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>set<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>       <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u5316set\u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u96c6&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u5176\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94bit\u6e05\u96f6<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">sigfillset<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">sigset_t<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>set<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>        <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u5316set\u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u96c6&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u5176\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94bit\u7f6e\u4f4d<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">sigaddset<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">sigset_t<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>set<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> signo<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5728\u8be5\u4fe1\u53f7\u96c6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u67d0\u79cd\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u53f7<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">sigdelset<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">sigset_t<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>set<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> signo<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5728\u8be5\u4fe1\u53f7\u96c6\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u67d0\u79cd\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u53f7<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">sigismember<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">const<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">sigset_t<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>set<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> signo<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7\u96c6\u7684\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5305\u542b\u67d0\u79cd\u4fe1\u53f7<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>sigemptyset&#xff1a;\u521d\u59cb\u5316set\u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u96c6&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u5176\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94bit\u6e05\u96f6&#xff0c;\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u4fe1\u53f7\u96c6\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u4efb\u4f55\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u53f7<\/li>\n<li>sigfillset&#xff1a;\u521d\u59cb\u5316set\u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u96c6&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u5176\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94bit\u7f6e\u4f4d&#xff0c;\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u4fe1\u53f7\u96c6\u7684\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u53f7\u5305\u62ec\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u53f7<\/li>\n<li>\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;\u5728\u4f7f\u7528sigset_t\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u524d&#xff0c;\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u8c03\u7528sigemptyset\u6216sigfillset\u505a\u521d\u59cb\u5316&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u4fe1\u53f7\u96c6\u5904\u4e8e\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u72b6\u6001<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u90fd\u662f\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de0&#xff0c;\u51fa\u9519\u8fd4\u56de-1<\/li>\n<li>sigismember\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e03\u5c14\u51fd\u6570&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7\u96c6\u7684\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5305\u542b\u67d0\u79cd\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff0c;\u82e5\u5305\u542b\u5219\u8fd4\u56de1&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u5219\u8fd4\u56de0&#xff0c;\u51fa\u9519\u8fd4\u56de-1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>sigprocmask&#xff1a;\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u66f4\u6539\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u5c4f\u853d\u5b57&#xff08;\u963b\u585e\u4fe1\u53f7\u96c6&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;signal.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">sigprocmask<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> how<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">const<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">sigset_t<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>set<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">sigset_t<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>oset<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u8fd4\u56de\u503c&#xff1a;\u82e5\u6210\u529f\u5219\u4e3a0&#xff0c;\u82e5\u51fa\u9519\u5219\u4e3a-1<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5982\u679coset\u662f\u975e\u7a7a\u6307\u9488&#xff0c;\u5219\u8bfb\u53d6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u4fe1\u53f7\u5c4f\u853d\u5b57\u901a\u8fc7oset\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u51fa<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679cset\u662f\u975e\u7a7a\u6307\u9488&#xff0c;\u5219\u66f4\u6539\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u5c4f\u853d\u5b57&#xff0c;\u53c2\u6570how\u6307\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u66f4\u6539<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679coset\u548cset\u90fd\u662f\u975e\u7a7a\u6307\u9488&#xff0c;\u5219\u5148\u5c06\u539f\u6765\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u5c4f\u853d\u5b57\u5907\u4efd\u5230oset\u91cc&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u6839\u636eset\u548chow\u53c2\u6570\u66f4\u6539\u4fe1\u53f7\u5c4f\u853d\u5b57<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>how\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u9009\u503c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>how\u8bf4\u660e<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>SIG_BLOCK<\/td>\n<td>set\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u4fe1\u53f7\u5c4f\u853d\u5b57\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff0c;\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8emask&#061;mask|set<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>SIG_UNBLOCK<\/td>\n<td>set\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u4ece\u5f53\u524d\u4fe1\u53f7\u5c4f\u853d\u5b57\u4e2d\u89e3\u9664\u963b\u585e\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff0c;\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8emask&#061;mask&amp;~set<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>SIG_SETMASK<\/td>\n<td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5f53\u524d\u4fe1\u53f7\u5c4f\u853d\u5b57\u4e3aset\u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u503c&#xff0c;\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8emask&#061;set<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u8c03\u7528sigprocmask\u89e3\u9664\u4e86\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2a\u672a\u51b3\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u963b\u585e&#xff0c;\u5219\u5728sigprocmask\u8fd4\u56de\u524d&#xff0c;\u81f3\u5c11\u5c06\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7\u9012\u4ea4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>sigpending&#xff1a;\u8bfb\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u672a\u51b3\u4fe1\u53f7\u96c6<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;signal.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">sigpending<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">sigset_t<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>set<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u8bfb\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u672a\u51b3\u4fe1\u53f7\u96c6&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7set\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u51fa<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u8c03\u7528\u6210\u529f\u5219\u8fd4\u56de0&#xff0c;\u51fa\u9519\u5219\u8fd4\u56de-1<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4ee3\u7801&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;iostream&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;unistd.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;cstdio&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;sys\/types.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;sys\/wait.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">PrintPending<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>sigset_t <span class=\"token operator\">&amp;<\/span>pending<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>cout <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;curr process[&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">getpid<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;]pending: &#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">for<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> signo <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">31<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> signo <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> signo<span class=\"token operator\">&#8212;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token function\">sigismember<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&amp;<\/span>pending<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> signo<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>cout <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">else<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>cout <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>cout <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\\\\n&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">handler<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> signo<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>cout <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> signo <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u53f7\u4fe1\u53f7\u88ab\u9012\u8fbe&#xff01;&#xff01;&#xff01;&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>cout <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    sigset_t pending<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">sigpending<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&amp;<\/span>pending<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">PrintPending<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>pending<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>cout <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">main<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ 0. \u6355\u63492\u53f7\u4fe1\u53f7<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">signal<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> handler<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6355\u6349<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ signal(2, SIG_IGN);  \/\/ \u5ffd\u7565\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ signal(2, SIG_DFL);  \/\/ \u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u4f5c<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ 1. \u5c4f\u853d2\u53f7\u4fe1\u53f7<\/span><br \/>\n    sigset_t block_set<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> old_set<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">sigemptyset<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&amp;<\/span>block_set<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">sigemptyset<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&amp;<\/span>old_set<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">sigaddset<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&amp;<\/span>block_set<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> SIGINT<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u6211\u4eec\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u4fee\u6539\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5185\u6838block\u8868\u5462&#xff1f;&#xff1f;&#xff1f;1<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ 1.1 \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fdb\u5165\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684Block\u8868\u4e2d<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">sigprocmask<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>SIG_BLOCK<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&amp;<\/span>block_set<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&amp;<\/span>old_set<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5185\u6838block\u8868&#xff0c;\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u5bf92\u53f7\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5c4f\u853d&#xff01;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> cnt <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">15<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">while<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token boolean\">true<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ 2. \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684pending\u4fe1\u53f7\u96c6<\/span><br \/>\n        sigset_t pending<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">sigpending<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&amp;<\/span>pending<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ 3. \u6253\u5370pending\u4fe1\u53f7\u96c6<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">PrintPending<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>pending<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        cnt<span class=\"token operator\">&#8212;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ 4. \u89e3\u9664\u5bf92\u53f7\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5c4f\u853d<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>cnt <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>cout <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u89e3\u9664\u5bf92\u53f7\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5c4f\u853d&#xff01;&#xff01;&#xff01;&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token function\">sigprocmask<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>SIG_SETMASK<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&amp;<\/span>old_set<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&amp;<\/span>block_set<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token function\">sleep<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u679c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>curr process[448336]pending: 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001<br \/>\ncurr process[448336]pending: 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001<br \/>\n^Ccurr process[448336]pending: 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001<br \/>\ncurr process[448336]pending: 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001<br \/>\n&#8230;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u79d2\u949f\u628a\u5404\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u672a\u51b3\u72b6\u6001\u6253\u5370\u4e00\u904d&#xff0c;\u7531\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u963b\u585e\u4e86SIGINT\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff0c;\u6309Ctrl&#043;C\u5c06\u4f1a\u4f7fSIGINT\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u4e8e\u672a\u51b3\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u6309Ctrl&#043;\\\\\u4f3c\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec8\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3aSIGQUIT\u4fe1\u53f7\u6ca1\u6709\u963b\u585e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u535a\u5ba2\u4e00&#xff1a;Linux\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff08;\u4e0a&#xff09;\u2014\u2014\u4fe1\u53f7\u57fa\u7840\u4e0e\u4ea7\u751f<br \/>\n\u4e00\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u5feb\u901f\u8ba4\u8bc6<br \/>\n1.1 \u751f\u6d3b\u89d2\u5ea6\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7<br \/>\n\u7528\u5feb\u9012\u6765\u7c7b\u6bd4\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406&#xff1a;<br 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