{"id":115261,"date":"2026-10-11T17:56:57","date_gmt":"2026-10-11T09:56:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/115261.html"},"modified":"2026-10-11T17:56:57","modified_gmt":"2026-10-11T09:56:57","slug":"linux%e8%bf%9b%e7%a8%8b%e9%97%b4%e9%80%9a%e4%bf%a1-system-v%e5%85%b1%e4%ba%ab%e5%86%85%e5%ad%98","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/115261.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u2014\u2014System V\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7\u4e3b\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86\u7ba1\u9053\u3002\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u9002\u5408\u7236\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e92\u4e0d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u7ba1\u9053\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u70b9&#xff1a;\u6570\u636e\u901a\u8fc7\u8bfb\u5199\u63a5\u53e3\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f20\u9012\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u9891\u7e41\u4ea4\u6362\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u66f4\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u529e\u6cd5&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c31\u8981\u7528\u5230\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e00\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u6210\u4e00\u5757\u7531\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5171\u540c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u666e\u901a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fee\u6539\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u666e\u901a\u53d8\u91cf&#xff0c;\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u6b64\u76f4\u63a5\u770b\u5230\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u800c\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837&#xff1a;\u7cfb\u7edf\u628a\u540c\u4e00\u5757\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u522b\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u628a\u6570\u636e\u5199\u8fdb\u53bb&#xff0c;\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c31\u80fd\u4ece\u8fd9\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/20261011095656-6acb5d686b57a.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u76f8\u540c&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u5757\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u5efa\u7acb\u6620\u5c04\u4e4b\u540e&#xff0c;\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u5199\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u5b8c\u6210&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u901a\u8fc7 read()\u3001write() \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u4f20\u9012\u6570\u636e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64&#xff0c;\u5728\u5e38\u89c1 IPC \u65b9\u5f0f\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u5f88\u6709\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8fc7&#xff0c;\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u6240\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u3002\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u4e0d\u8d1f\u8d23\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u8bfb\u5199\u7684\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u540e\u9762\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5355\u72ec\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u3001System V\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h3>\n<p>Linux \u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528 System V \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u8981\u4f1a\u63a5\u89e6\u4e0b\u9762\u51e0\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>ftok()<br \/>\nshmget()<br \/>\nshmat()<br \/>\nshmdt()<br \/>\nshmctl()<\/p>\n<p>\u5b83\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u8d1f\u8d23\u83b7\u53d6 key\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u6216\u83b7\u53d6\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u6302\u63a5\u3001\u8131\u79bb\u4ee5\u53ca\u63a7\u5236\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u8bb0\u4f4f\u6574\u4f53\u6d41\u7a0b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u83b7\u53d6 key<br \/>\n   \u2193<br \/>\nshmget() \u521b\u5efa\u6216\u83b7\u53d6\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58<br \/>\n   \u2193<br \/>\nshmat() \u6302\u63a5\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4<br \/>\n   \u2193<br \/>\n\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u5171\u4eab\u6570\u636e<br \/>\n   \u2193<br \/>\nshmdt() \u8131\u79bb\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58<br \/>\n   \u2193<br \/>\nshmctl() \u5220\u9664\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u52a8\u4f5c\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u6df7\u6dc6&#xff1a;\u8131\u79bb\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u5220\u9664\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u5220\u9664\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u8c03\u7528 free()\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e09\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65&#xff1a;\u751f\u6210key<\/h3>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u5757\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u627e\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>key_t ftok<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>const char *pathname, int proj_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 ftok() \u751f\u6210 key&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>key_t key <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">ftok<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;.&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0x6666<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>key <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">perror<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;ftok&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>ftok() \u6839\u636e\u8def\u5f84\u540d\u548c\u9879\u76ee\u6807\u8bc6\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a key_t \u7c7b\u578b\u7684 key\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5982\u679c\u5e0c\u671b\u8bbf\u95ee\u540c\u4e00\u5757\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u81f4\u7684 key\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u4e5f\u8981\u6ce8\u610f&#xff0c;ftok() \u751f\u6210\u7684 key \u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u552f\u4e00\u7684&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u5b83\u5f53\u6210\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u552f\u4e00\u7f16\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u56db\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65&#xff1a;\u521b\u5efa\u6216\u83b7\u53d6\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58<\/h3>\n<p>\u83b7\u53d6\u5230 key \u4ee5\u540e&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528 shmget()&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">shmget<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>key_t key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> size_t size<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> shmflg<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>key&#xff1a;\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684 key\u3002<\/li>\n<li>size&#xff1a;\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>shmflg&#xff1a;\u521b\u5efa\u6807\u5fd7\u548c\u6743\u9650\u6807\u5fd7\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a 4096 \u5b57\u8282\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> shmid <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">shmget<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n    key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token number\">4096<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n    IPC_CREAT <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> IPC_EXCL <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0666<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>shmid <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">perror<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;shmget&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 shmid \u662f\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26&#xff0c;\u540e\u9762\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n<p>IPC_CREAT \u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\u521b\u5efa&#xff1b;IPC_CREAT | IPC_EXCL \u5219\u8868\u793a\u53ea\u6709\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\u624d\u521b\u5efa&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u5c31\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u6743\u9650\u90e8\u5206 0666 \u8868\u793a\u7ed9\u51fa\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u6743\u9650&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u9645\u6743\u9650\u8fd8\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6743\u9650\u73af\u5883\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5df2\u7ecf\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684 key \u8c03\u7528 shmget()&#xff0c;\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5206\u5de5&#xff1a;\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d1f\u8d23\u521b\u5efa\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d1f\u8d23\u83b7\u53d6\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e94\u3001\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65&#xff1a;\u628a\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6302\u63a5\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4<\/h3>\n<p>shmget() \u8fd4\u56de\u7684 shmid \u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u62ff\u6765\u8bfb\u5199\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u7528&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">shmat<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> shmid<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">const<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span> shmaddr<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> shmflg<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">char<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span> addr <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token generic-function\"><span class=\"token function\">static_cast<\/span><span class=\"token generic class-name\"><span class=\"token operator\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">char<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">shmat<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>shmid<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">nullptr<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>addr <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token generic-function\"><span class=\"token function\">reinterpret_cast<\/span><span class=\"token generic class-name\"><span class=\"token operator\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">char<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">perror<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;shmat&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c06 shmat() \u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230 addr \u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u6570 shmaddr \u4f20\u5165 nullptr&#xff0c;\u8868\u793a\u8ba9\u7cfb\u7edf\u9009\u62e9\u6302\u63a5\u5730\u5740&#xff1b;shmflg \u4e3a 0 \u65f6&#xff0c;\u6309\u7167\u9ed8\u8ba4\u65b9\u5f0f\u6302\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f&#xff0c;shmat() \u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f (void*)-1&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u666e\u901a\u7684\u7a7a\u6307\u9488 nullptr\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u7528 addr &#061;&#061; nullptr \u5224\u65ad\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6302\u63a5\u4e4b\u540e&#xff0c;\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u5f53\u4f5c\u666e\u901a\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">strcpy<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>addr<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;hello from shared memory&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>cout <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> addr <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u5199\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u91cc&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u53ea\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u666e\u901a\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u516d\u3001\u7b2c\u56db\u6b65&#xff1a;\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5df2\u7ecf\u521b\u5efa\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a key \u83b7\u53d6\u5b83&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> shmid <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">shmget<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">4096<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>shmid <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">perror<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;shmget&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u6302\u63a5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">char<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span> addr <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token generic-function\"><span class=\"token function\">static_cast<\/span><span class=\"token generic class-name\"><span class=\"token operator\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">char<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">shmat<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>shmid<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">nullptr<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>addr <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token generic-function\"><span class=\"token function\">reinterpret_cast<\/span><span class=\"token generic class-name\"><span class=\"token operator\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">char<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">perror<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;shmat&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bfb\u53d6\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5199\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>cout <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> addr <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765&#xff0c;\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4fee\u6539\u8fd9\u5757\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u7279\u70b9&#xff1a;\u53cc\u65b9\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u8fde\u4e32\u7684\u7ba1\u9053\u8bfb\u5199\u6765\u4f20\u9012\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u540c\u4e00\u5757\u5171\u4eab\u533a\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7136&#xff0c;\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5fc5\u987b\u7ea6\u5b9a\u597d\u6570\u636e\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u4e00\u65b9\u5199\u5165\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u65f6&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u672b\u5c3e\u7684 &#039;\\\\0&#039;&#xff1b;\u5982\u679c\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u662f\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u8981\u7ea6\u5b9a\u597d\u5b57\u6bb5\u548c\u6570\u636e\u957f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e03\u3001\u7b2c\u4e94\u6b65&#xff1a;\u8131\u79bb\u548c\u5220\u9664\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u5b8c\u6210\u540e&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u6e05\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>1. shmdt&#xff1a;\u8131\u79bb\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58<\/h4>\n<p>\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">shmdt<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">const<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span> shmaddr<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8c03\u7528&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token function\">shmdt<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>addr<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">perror<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;shmdt&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5b83\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u8ba9\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0e\u8fd9\u5757\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u8131\u79bb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u5fc5\u987b\u533a\u5206\u6e05\u695a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>shmdt() \u53ea\u662f\u53d6\u6d88\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6620\u5c04&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664\u6574\u4e2a\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ecd\u7136\u6302\u63a5\u7740\u5b83\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2. shmctl&#xff1a;\u63a7\u5236\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58<\/h4>\n<p>\u63a7\u5236\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">shmctl<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> shmid<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> cmd<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">shmid_ds<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span> buf<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token function\">shmctl<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>shmid<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> IPC_RMID<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">nullptr<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">perror<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;shmctl&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 IPC_RMID \u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u8bb0\u5220\u9664\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6302\u63a5\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u9645\u91ca\u653e\u4f1a\u7b49\u5230\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u6302\u63a5\u540e\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u52a8\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bb0\u6210&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>shmat()  \u2192 \u6302\u63a5<br \/>\nshmdt()  \u2192 \u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8131\u79bb<br \/>\nshmctl() \u2192 \u63a7\u5236\u8d44\u6e90&#xff0c;IPC_RMID\u7528\u4e8e\u5220\u9664<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a shmdt() \u548c shmctl() \u5f53\u6210\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u516b\u3001\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ Comm.hpp<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">pragma<\/span> <span class=\"token expression\">once<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;cstdio&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;cstdlib&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name function\">ERR_EXIT<\/span><span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>m<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>         <\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\\\\<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token keyword\">do<\/span>                      <\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\\\\<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span>                       <\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\\\\<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token function\">perror<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>m<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>          <\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\\\\<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token function\">exit<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>EXIT_FAILURE<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> <\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\\\\<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">while<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ Shm.hpp<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">pragma<\/span> <span class=\"token expression\">once<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;iostream&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;cstdio&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;string&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;sys\/types.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;sys\/ipc.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;sys\/shm.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;unistd.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;Comm.hpp&#034;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">const<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> gdefaultid <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> gsize <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">4096<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const<\/span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>string pathname <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;.&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> projid <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0x66<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> gmode <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0666<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">CREATER<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;creater&#034;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">USER<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;user&#034;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Shm<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">CreateHelper<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> flg<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">printf<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;key: 0x%x\\\\n&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> _key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        _shmid <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">shmget<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>_key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> _size<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> flg<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>_shmid <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token function\">ERR_EXIT<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;shmget&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">printf<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;shmid: %d\\\\n&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> _shmid<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u7684\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">Create<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f, \u968f\u5185\u6838<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">CreateHelper<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>IPC_CREAT <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> IPC_EXCL <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> gmode<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">Get<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">CreateHelper<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>IPC_CREAT<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">Attach<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        _start_mem <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">shmat<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>_shmid<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">nullptr<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>_start_mem <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token function\">ERR_EXIT<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;shmat&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">printf<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;attach success\\\\n&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">Detach<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> n <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">shmdt<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>_start_mem<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>n <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token function\">printf<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;detach success\\\\n&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">Destroy<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>_shmid <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;&#061;<\/span> gdefaultid<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">Detach<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>_usertype <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;&#061;<\/span> CREATER<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> n <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">shmctl<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>_shmid<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> IPC_RMID<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">nullptr<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>n <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token function\">printf<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;shmctl delete shm: %d success!\\\\n&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> _shmid<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">else<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token function\">ERR_EXIT<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;shmctl&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">Shm<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">const<\/span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>string <span class=\"token operator\">&amp;<\/span>pathname<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> projid<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">const<\/span> std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>string <span class=\"token operator\">&amp;<\/span>usertype<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">_shmid<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>gdefaultid<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n          <span class=\"token function\">_size<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>gsize<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n          <span class=\"token function\">_start_mem<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">nullptr<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n          <span class=\"token function\">_usertype<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>usertype<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        _key <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">ftok<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>pathname<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">c_str<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> projid<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>_key <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token function\">ERR_EXIT<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;ftok&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>_usertype <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;&#061;<\/span> CREATER<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token function\">Create<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">else<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>_usertype <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;&#061;<\/span> USER<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token function\">Get<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">else<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">Attach<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span><span class=\"token function\">VirtualAddr<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">printf<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;VirtualAddr: %p\\\\n&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> _start_mem<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> _start_mem<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">Size<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> _size<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">Attr<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">struct<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">shmid_ds<\/span> ds<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> n <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">shmctl<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>_shmid<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> IPC_STAT<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&amp;<\/span>ds<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">printf<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;shm_srgsz: %ld\\\\n&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> ds<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>shm_segsz<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">printf<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;key: 0x%x\\\\n&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> ds<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>shm_perm<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>__key<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token operator\">~<\/span><span class=\"token function\">Shm<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">Destroy<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> _shmid<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    key_t _key<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> _size<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>_start_mem<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    std<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::<\/span>string _usertype<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>\u4e5d\u3001\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u9000\u51fa\u540e\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u5728&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>System V IPC \u8d44\u6e90\u7531\u5185\u6838\u7ba1\u7406&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4f1a\u50cf\u666e\u901a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u4e00\u6837&#xff0c;\u968f\u7740\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u5c31\u5fc5\u7136\u81ea\u52a8\u6d88\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\u7a0b\u5e8f\u521b\u5efa\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u4e4b\u540e&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u5f02\u5e38\u9000\u51fa&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u6267\u884c\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u518d\u6b21\u542f\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>shmget: File exists<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>ipcs <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-m<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7684 key\u3001shmid\u3001\u6743\u9650\u3001\u5927\u5c0f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f53\u524d\u6302\u63a5\u6570\u91cf\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u786e\u8ba4\u67d0\u4e2a\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e86&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>ipcrm <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-m<\/span> shmid<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d shmid \u8981\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5b9e\u9645\u67e5\u8be2\u5230\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u9002\u5408\u6392\u67e5\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9057\u7559\u7684 IPC \u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7&#xff0c;\u5220\u9664\u4e4b\u524d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u786e\u8ba4\u5b83\u786e\u5b9e\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u9700\u8981&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u8d44\u6e90\u5b58\u5728\u5c31\u968f\u610f\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5341\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u52a8\u89e3\u51b3\u540c\u6b65\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u662f\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6b63\u5728\u5199&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>ABCDE<\/p>\n<p>\u800c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u540c\u65f6\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8bfb\u5199\u65f6\u673a\u6ca1\u6709\u534f\u8c03\u597d&#xff0c;\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u53ef\u80fd\u8bfb\u5230\u5c1a\u672a\u5199\u5b8c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee\u5171\u4eab\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u8986\u76d6\u5f7c\u6b64\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5&#xff0c;\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5171\u4eab\u548c\u4f20\u9012&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e0d\u81ea\u52a8\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e92\u65a5\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u4e92\u65a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u3001\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u7b49\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5173\u952e\u662f\u8981\u660e\u786e&#xff1a;\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u5141\u8bb8\u5199&#xff0c;\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u5141\u8bb8\u8bfb&#xff0c;\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\u5982\u4f55\u907f\u514d\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5341\u4e00\u3001\u628a\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2aAPI\u8bb0\u6e05\u695a\u5c31\u591f\u4e86<\/h3>\n<p>\u521a\u63a5\u89e6 System V \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5fc5\u4e00\u4e0a\u6765\u5c31\u8bb0\u6240\u6709\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u5148\u628a\u4f7f\u7528\u987a\u5e8f\u8bb0\u719f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>ftok()<br \/>\n    \u83b7\u53d6 key<\/p>\n<p>shmget()<br \/>\n    \u521b\u5efa\u6216\u83b7\u53d6\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58<\/p>\n<p>shmat()<br \/>\n    \u6302\u63a5&#xff0c;\u5f97\u5230\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n<p>\u8bfb\u5199\u5171\u4eab\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n<p>shmdt()<br \/>\n    \u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8131\u79bb<\/p>\n<p>shmctl(IPC_RMID)<br \/>\n    \u5220\u9664\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u9645\u7f16\u7a0b\u65f6&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u8981\u6ce8\u610f shmget()\u3001shmat() \u7b49\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u8fd4\u56de\u503c&#xff0c;\u8bb0\u5f97\u5904\u7406\u5931\u8d25\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<p>\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u662f\u6570\u636e\u6620\u5c04\u5b8c\u6210\u4ee5\u540e&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u516c\u5171\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u57df&#xff0c;\u7701\u53bb\u4e86\u901a\u8fc7\u7ba1\u9053\u9010\u6b21\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b83\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6d41\u7a0b\u5e76\u4e0d\u590d\u6742&#xff0c;\u771f\u6b63\u5bb9\u6613\u641e\u6df7\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e09\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u662f shmid \u53ea\u662f\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26&#xff0c;\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7 shmat() \u6302\u63a5\u4ee5\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8c\u662f shmdt() \u8d1f\u8d23\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8131\u79bb&#xff0c;shmctl(IPC_RMID) \u624d\u8d1f\u8d23\u6807\u8bb0\u5220\u9664\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u662f\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u4e0e\u4e92\u65a5\u673a\u5236\u3002\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u4e00\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u4e4b\u540e&#xff0c;\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u8bfb\u5199\u987a\u5e8f\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7ade\u4e89\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u628a\u8fd9\u51e0\u70b9\u641e\u6e05\u695a&#xff0c;System V \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5\u5c31\u7b97\u5165\u95e8\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7\u4e3b\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86\u7ba1\u9053\u3002\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u9002\u5408\u7236\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e92\u4e0d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f46\u662f\u7ba1\u9053\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u70b9&#xff1a;\u6570\u636e\u901a\u8fc7\u8bfb\u5199\u63a5\u53e3\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f20\u9012\u3002<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u9891\u7e41\u4ea4\u6362\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u66f4\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u529e\u6cd5&#xff1f;<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u5c31\u8981\u7528\u5230\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e00\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff1f;<br \/>\n\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u6210\u4e00\u5757\u7531\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5171\u540c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u57df\u3002<br \/>\n\u666e\u901a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fee\u6539\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u666e\u901a\u53d8\u91cf&#xff0c;\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":115260,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[55,58,371,190,305],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-115261","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server","tag-c","tag-linux","tag-371","tag-190","tag-305"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Linux\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u2014\u2014System V\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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