{"id":114932,"date":"2026-10-10T15:16:51","date_gmt":"2026-10-10T07:16:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/114932.html"},"modified":"2026-10-10T15:16:51","modified_gmt":"2026-10-10T07:16:51","slug":"%e3%80%90%e9%87%91%e4%b8%b9%c2%b776%e3%80%91cpu%e7%bc%93%e5%ad%98%e4%b8%89%e5%b1%82%e5%a1%94","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/114932.html","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u91d1\u4e39\u00b776\u3011CPU\u7f13\u5b58\u4e09\u5c42\u5854"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u7f13\u5b58 \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784 \u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f<\/p>\n

\u3010\u91d1\u4e39\u00b776\u3011CPU\u7f13\u5b58\u4e09\u5c42\u5854<\/h2>\n

\u7801\u519c\u4fee\u4ed9\u4f20 \u00b7 \u91d1\u4e39\u671f \u00b7 \u7b2c12\u7bc7 \u6211\u662f\u7384\u82af\u6563\u4eba，\u5e26\u4f60\u4ece\u70bc\u6c14\u4fee\u5230\u5927\u4e58\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u5883\u754c\u6807\u8bc6<\/h3>\n

\u2554\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2557
\n\u2551 \u91d1\u4e39\u671f \u00b7 \u7b2c12\u7bc7 \u2551
\n\u2551 CPU\u7f13\u5b58\u4e09\u5c42\u5854 \u2551
\n\u2551 \u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb：12\u5206\u949f \u2551
\n\u255a\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u255d<\/p>\n

\n

\u4fee\u4ed9\u5f15\u5165<\/h3>\n

\u4f60\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u8dd1\u5f97\u6162，\u7b2c\u4e00\u53cd\u5e94\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48？\u6362\u7b97\u6cd5？\u5347\u7ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668？\u6362\u4e2a\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u8bed\u8a00？<\/p>\n

\u90fd\u4e0d\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n

99% \u7684"\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898"，\u6839\u6e90\u4e0d\u5728\u7b97\u6cd5，\u800c\u5728\u7075\u6c14\u4f20\u5bfc\u8def\u5f84\u2014\u2014CPU \u62ff\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5feb\u6162\u3002\u4fee\u771f\u754c\u91cc，\u8de8\u5883\u754c\u4f20\u529f\u8981\u635f\u8017\u4e09\u6210\u7075\u529b；CPU \u8de8\u5c42\u53d6\u6570\u636e，\u635f\u8017\u7684\u53ef\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e09\u6210\u2014\u2014L1 \u7f13\u5b58\u547d\u4e2d\u662f 1 \u7eb3\u79d2，\u547d\u4e2d\u4e3b\u5185\u5b58\u662f 100 \u7eb3\u79d2，\u5dee 100 \u500d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6162，\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5929\u5929\u5728"\u8de8\u5883\u754c\u53d6\u7075\u6c14"\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b51\u57fa\u671f\u8bb2\u8fc7\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\/\u7f13\u5b58\/\u5185\u5b58\u4e09\u5c42\u4e39\u7530\u3002\u91d1\u4e39\u671f\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u6740\u8fdb\u7f13\u5b58\u5854\u5185\u90e8\u2014\u2014\u770b\u770b L1\/L2\/L3 \u4e09\u5c42\u5854\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u5206\u5de5\u7684，\u7f13\u5b58\u884c（Cache Line）\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48，\u591a\u6838\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0"\u4f2a\u5171\u4eab"\u8fd9\u79cd\u7075\u5f02\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8bb2\u5b8c\u8fd9\u7bc7，\u4f60\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\u4f1a\u4e0b\u610f\u8bc6\u60f3：\u8fd9\u6bb5\u6570\u636e，\u662f\u653e\u5728 L1 \u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee，\u8fd8\u662f\u5929\u5929\u8dd1\u56de\u4e3b\u5185\u5b58？<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u5c31\u53eb\u91d1\u4e39\u671f\u7684"\u7528\u82af"\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u786c\u6838\u4e3b\u4f53<\/h3>\n

\u7f13\u5b58\u5854\u7ed3\u6784\u2014\u2014\u4e09\u5c42\u4fee\u70bc\u5854\u7684\u5206\u5de5<\/h4>\n

CPU \u5185\u90e8\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5854，\u662f\u4e00\u5ea7\u5012\u91d1\u5b57\u5854：\u8d8a\u9760\u8fd1\u5854\u5c16（CPU \u6838），\u5bb9\u91cf\u8d8a\u5c0f\u3001\u901f\u5ea6\u8d8a\u5feb；\u8d8a\u9760\u8fd1\u5854\u5e95（\u4e3b\u5185\u5b58），\u5bb9\u91cf\u8d8a\u5927\u3001\u901f\u5ea6\u8d8a\u6162\u3002<\/p>\n

#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}@keyframes edge-animation-frame{from{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}@keyframes dash{to{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .edge-animation-slow{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 50s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .edge-animation-fast{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 20s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .edge-thickness-invisible{stroke-width:0;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD svg{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD p{margin:0;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .label{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .cluster-label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .cluster-label span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .cluster-label span p{background-color:transparent;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .label text,#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD span{fill:#333;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .node rect,#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .node circle,#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .node ellipse,#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .node polygon,#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .rough-node .label text,#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .node .label text,#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .icon-shape .label{text-anchor:middle;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .node .katex path{fill:#000;stroke:#000;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .rough-node .label,#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .node .label,#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .icon-shape .label{text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .node.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .root .anchor path{fill:#333333!important;stroke-width:0;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .arrowheadPath{fill:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .edgePath .path{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:2.0px;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .flowchart-link{stroke:#333333;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .edgeLabel{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .edgeLabel p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .labelBkg{background-color:rgba(232, 232, 232, 0.5);}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .cluster span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:hsl(80, 100%, 96.2745098039%);border:1px solid #aaaa33;border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .flowchartTitleText{text-anchor:middle;font-size:18px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD rect.text{fill:none;stroke-width:0;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .icon-shape,#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .image-shape{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .icon-shape p,#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .image-shape p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);padding:2px;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .icon-shape .label rect,#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .image-shape .label rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .label-icon{display:inline-block;height:1em;overflow:visible;vertical-align:-0.125em;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD .node .label-icon path{fill:currentColor;stroke:revert;stroke-width:revert;}#mermaid-svg-j9EQSaxpZxhX6fFD :root{–mermaid-font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

L3 \u7f13\u5b58（\u6240\u6709\u6838\u5171\u4eab）<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

L2 \u7f13\u5b58（\u6bcf\u6838\u72ec\u4eab）<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

L1 \u7f13\u5b58（\u6bcf\u6838\u72ec\u4eab）<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

CPU \u6838\u5fc3<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668~1KB \u00b7 0.3ns<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

L1d \u6570\u636e\u7f13\u5b5832-64KB<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

L1i \u6307\u4ee4\u7f13\u5b5832-64KB<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

256KB-1MB~3-10ns<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

4-64MB~10-30ns<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u4e3b\u5185\u5b58（RAM）8-128GB \u00b7 ~100ns<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

SSD \u786c\u76d8~100\u03bcs<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5173\u952e\u7ed3\u8bba：<\/p>\n\n\u5c42\u7ea7\u5bb9\u91cf\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4fee\u4ed9\u7c7b\u6bd4<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668<\/td>\n~1KB<\/td>\n0.3ns<\/td>\n\u4e39\u7530（\u968f\u8eab\u643a\u5e26）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L1<\/td>\n32-64KB<\/td>\n1ns<\/td>\n\u8d34\u8eab\u50a8\u7269\u888b（\u4f38\u624b\u53ef\u53d6）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L2<\/td>\n256KB-1MB<\/td>\n3-10ns<\/td>\n\u4fee\u70bc\u5bc6\u5ba4（\u8d70\u52a8\u51e0\u6b65）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L3<\/td>\n4-64MB<\/td>\n10-30ns<\/td>\n\u95e8\u5185\u5e93\u623f（\u53bb\u53d6\u8981\u8d70\u6bb5\u8def）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4e3b\u5185\u5b58<\/td>\nGB \u7ea7<\/td>\n100ns<\/td>\n\u57ce\u5916\u7075\u77f3\u77ff（\u51fa\u57ce\u91c7\u4e00\u8d9f）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SSD<\/td>\nTB \u7ea7<\/td>\n100\u03bcs<\/td>\n\u5317\u57df\u7075\u77f3\u5e93（\u5343\u91cc\u8fe2\u8fe2）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u6ce8\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cd\u76f4\u89c9\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e：L1 \u53ea\u6709 32-64KB\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6982\u5ff5？\u4e00\u672c\u5c0f\u8bf4 txt \u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u4e0d\u6b62 64KB\u3002\u4f60\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u7f16\u8bd1\u4ea7\u7269，\u6839\u672c\u585e\u4e0d\u8fdb L1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u90a3 CPU \u600e\u4e48\u7528\u8fd9\u4e48\u5c0f\u7684\u7f13\u5b58？\u9760\u7f13\u5b58\u884c（Cache Line）\u2014\u2014\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u642c\u8fd0\u5355\u4f4d\u662f 64 \u5b57\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u7f13\u5b58\u884c\u4f8b\u5b50：\u73b0\u4ee3 CPU \u901a\u5e38 64 \u5b57\u8282<\/span>
\n\/\/ \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4，\u54ea\u6015\u4f60\u53ea\u8bfb 1 \u4e2a int（4\u5b57\u8282），CPU \u4e5f\u4f1a\u628a\u5468\u56f4 64 \u5b57\u8282<\/span>
\n\/\/ \u6574\u5757\u642c\u5230\u7f13\u5b58\u91cc\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u8d4c\u4f60"\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u4f1a\u8bbf\u95ee\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u6570\u636e"<\/span>
\nint<\/span> arr[<\/span>16<\/span>]<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ 64 \u5b57\u8282，\u521a\u597d\u586b\u6ee1\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f13\u5b58\u884c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u8981\u8bb2\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u6027\u539f\u7406\u5c31\u56de\u7b54\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898：CPU \u8d4c\u4f60\u80fd\u7528\u4e0a，\u5b83\u51e0\u4e4e\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u8d4c\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u547d\u4e2d\u4e0e\u672a\u547d\u4e2d\u2014\u2014\u4fee\u70bc\u6548\u7387\u7684\u767e\u500d\u5dee\u8ddd<\/h4>\n

\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u72b6\u6001：\u547d\u4e2d（Hit） \u548c \u672a\u547d\u4e2d（Miss）\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u547d\u4e2d：\u6570\u636e\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u7f13\u5b58\u91cc，CPU \u76f4\u63a5\u53d6，1 \u7eb3\u79d2\u641e\u5b9a\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u672a\u547d\u4e2d：\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u5728\u7f13\u5b58\u91cc，CPU \u53ea\u80fd\u53bb\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c42\u62ff\u2014\u2014L1 miss \u5c31\u53bb L2，L2 miss \u5c31\u53bb L3，L3 miss \u5c31\u53bb\u4e3b\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0b\u63a2\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53eb cache miss，\u662f\u8981\u4ed8"\u8fc7\u8def\u8d39"\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \/\/ \u6f14\u793a：\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97，\u547d\u4e2d\u7387\u4e0d\u540c \u2192 \u6027\u80fd\u5929\u5dee\u5730\u522b<\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <time.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <stdio.h><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    int<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u573a\u666f A：\u987a\u5e8f\u8bbf\u95ee（\u7f13\u5b58\u53cb\u597d）<\/span>
    \n int<\/span> arr[<\/span>8192<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>0<\/span>}<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n clock_t<\/span> start =<\/span> clock<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n long<\/span> sum =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n for<\/span> (<\/span>int<\/span> i =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i <<\/span> 8192<\/span>;<\/span> i++<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n sum +=<\/span> arr[<\/span>i]<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u6bcf\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee\u90fd\u5728\u521a\u642c\u8fdb\u6765\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u884c\u91cc \u2192 \u5168\u547d\u4e2d<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u987a\u5e8f\u8bbf\u95ee：%ld, \u8017\u65f6 %ld\\\\n"<\/span>,<\/span> sum,<\/span> clock<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> –<\/span> start)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u573a\u666f B：\u8df3\u8dc3\u8bbf\u95ee（\u7f13\u5b58\u6740\u624b）<\/span>
    \n start =<\/span> clock<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n sum =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n for<\/span> (<\/span>int<\/span> i =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i <<\/span> 8192<\/span>;<\/span> i +=<\/span> 16<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span> \/\/ \u6b65\u957f 16，\u6bcf\u6b21\u8df3\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f13\u5b58\u884c<\/span>
    \n sum +=<\/span> arr[<\/span>i]<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u8981 cache miss，\u89e6\u53d1\u4e00\u6b21 64 \u5b57\u8282\u642c\u8fd0<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u8df3\u8dc3\u8bbf\u95ee：%ld, \u8017\u65f6 %ld\\\\n"<\/span>,<\/span> sum,<\/span> clock<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> –<\/span> start)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u4e00\u4e2a\u76f4\u89c9\u6570\u5b57：L1 \u547d\u4e2d\u7387 95% \u548c 90% \u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f，\u6027\u80fd\u80fd\u5dee 2 \u500d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u7384\u5b66，\u662f\u7f13\u5b58\u5854\u7684\u7269\u7406\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4fee\u70bc\u7c7b\u6bd4：\u4fee\u70bc\u5bc6\u5ba4\u91cc\u653e\u7740\u4e09\u79cd\u7075\u6750，A \u6848\u53f0\u968f\u624b\u53ef\u53d6（\u547d\u4e2d），B \u9700\u8981\u8d70\u5230\u9694\u58c1（\u547d\u4e2d L2），C \u5f97\u5230\u57ce\u5916\u77ff\u8109\u53bb\u62c9（\u672a\u547d\u4e2d）\u3002\u5bc6\u5ba4\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5f97\u518d\u597d，\u4f60\u53bb\u53d6 C \u7684\u6b21\u6570\u591a\u4e86，\u4fee\u70bc\u901f\u5ea6\u7167\u6837\u4e0a\u4e0d\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u672c\u8d28：\u51cf\u5c11\u53bb\u57ce\u5916\u77ff\u8109\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u5c40\u90e8\u6027\u539f\u7406\u2014\u2014CPU \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u80fd\u8d4c\u5bf9<\/h4>\n

    CPU \u6562\u7528 64KB \u7684\u5c0f\u7f13\u5b58\u625b\u8d77\u6574\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f，\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u884c\u4e3a\u6709\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u89c4\u5f8b，\u53eb\u5c40\u90e8\u6027\u539f\u7406（Principle of Locality）：<\/p>\n

    \u65f6\u95f4\u5c40\u90e8\u6027（Temporal Locality）：\u521a\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u6570\u636e，\u5927\u6982\u7387\u9a6c\u4e0a\u4f1a\u518d\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n

    int<\/span> sum =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ sum \u53cd\u590d\u88ab\u7528 \u2192 \u7559\u5728 L1<\/span>
    \nfor<\/span> (<\/span>int<\/span> i =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i <<\/span> 1000000<\/span>;<\/span> i++<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n sum +=<\/span> arr[<\/span>i]<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ arr[i] \u4e00\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee，\u5faa\u73af\u4f53\u91cd\u8bfb\u4e00\u904d \u2192 \u547d\u4e2d<\/span>
    \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u4fee\u4ed9\u7c7b\u6bd4：\u4f60\u5728\u4fee\u70bc\u4e00\u90e8\u529f\u6cd5，\u5173\u952e\u5fc3\u6cd5\u53e3\u8bc0\u4f1a\u53cd\u590d\u9ed8\u5ff5\u3002\u5ff5\u8fc7\u4e00\u904d\u540e\u628a\u5b83\u6284\u5728\u8896\u4e2d（\u7f13\u5b58），\u518d\u8c03\u7528\u5c31\u4e0d\u7528\u56de\u5230\u8bb0\u5fc6\u6df1\u5904（\u4e3b\u5185\u5b58）\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u7a7a\u95f4\u5c40\u90e8\u6027（Spatial Locality）：\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86 a[0]，\u5927\u6982\u7387\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee a[1]\u3002<\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u6570\u7ec4\u6309\u884c\u904d\u5386 \u2192 \u547d\u4e2d\u7387\u9ad8（\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u8fde\u7eed）<\/span>
    \nfor<\/span> (<\/span>int<\/span> i =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i <<\/span> N;<\/span> i++<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n for<\/span> (<\/span>int<\/span> j =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> j <<\/span> M;<\/span> j++<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n sum +=<\/span> matrix[<\/span>i]<\/span>[<\/span>j]<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ C \u8bed\u8a00\u6309\u884c\u5b58\u50a8，j+1 \u5c31\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a 4 \u5b57\u8282<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u6570\u7ec4\u6309\u5217\u904d\u5386 \u2192 \u547d\u4e2d\u7387\u4f4e（\u8df3\u8dc3\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee）<\/span>
    \nfor<\/span> (<\/span>int<\/span> j =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> j <<\/span> M;<\/span> j++<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n for<\/span> (<\/span>int<\/span> i =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i <<\/span> N;<\/span> i++<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n sum +=<\/span> matrix[<\/span>i]<\/span>[<\/span>j]<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u6bcf\u6b21\u8df3 N*4 \u5b57\u8282，\u53ef\u80fd\u8de8\u591a\u4e2a\u7f13\u5b58\u884c<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u4fee\u4ed9\u7c7b\u6bd4：\u529f\u6cd5\u5178\u7c4d\u6446\u5728\u67b6\u4e0a，\u4f60\u8bfb\u5230\u7b2c 3 \u7ae0\u7b2c 5 \u9875，\u5927\u6982\u7387\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7ffb\u7b2c 6 \u9875（\u7a7a\u95f4\u5c40\u90e8\u6027）\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6587\u9601\u7ba1\u7406\u4f1a\u628a\u76f8\u5173\u7ae0\u8282\u653e\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5c42\u4e66\u67b6\u2014\u2014\u6328\u7740\u653e，\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u4e0d\u7528\u53cd\u590d\u8dd1\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u539f\u7406\u662f\u7f13\u5b58\u5854\u5f97\u4ee5\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6839\u57fa\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbf\u95ee\u6beb\u65e0\u89c4\u5f8b，\u7f13\u5b58\u5c31\u662f\u5e9f\u7269\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u6027\u80fd\u5dee\u7684\u5e94\u7528，\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u5728"\u8bbf\u95ee\u6beb\u65e0\u89c4\u5f8b"\u2014\u2014\u6570\u636e\u5230\u5904\u8df3，CPU \u6c38\u8fdc\u5728\u642c\u8fd0\u7f13\u5b58\u884c，\u6c38\u8fdc\u5230\u4e0d\u4e86 L1\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    MESI \u534f\u8bae\u2014\u2014\u591a\u6838\u4fee\u70bc\u4e0d\u51b2\u7a81<\/h4>\n

    \u8fdb\u5165\u591a\u6838\u65f6\u4ee3，\u7f13\u5b58\u5854\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u526f\u672c：\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6838\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 L1\/L2，\u4f46 L3 \u662f\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u95ee\u9898\u6765\u4e86：\u4e24\u4e2a\u6838\u540c\u65f6\u8bfb\u4e86\u540c\u4e00\u4efd\u6570\u636e（\u7f13\u5b58\u884c），\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u6539\u4e86，\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u672c\u5730\u7684\u526f\u672c\u8fd8\u662f\u65e7\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u7f13\u5b58\u4e00\u81f4\u6027（Cache Coherence） \u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4fee\u771f\u754c\u91cc，\u8fd9\u53eb"\u4e24\u8109\u5f1f\u5b50\u7528\u4e86\u540c\u4e00\u4ef6\u7075\u5668，\u6d88\u606f\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4"\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u662f MESI \u534f\u8bae\u2014\u2014\u7f13\u5b58\u884c\u6709\u56db\u79cd\u72b6\u6001：<\/p>\n

    #mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}@keyframes edge-animation-frame{from{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}@keyframes dash{to{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .edge-animation-slow{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 50s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .edge-animation-fast{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 20s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .edge-thickness-invisible{stroke-width:0;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI svg{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI p{margin:0;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI defs #statediagram-barbEnd{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI g.stateGroup text{fill:#9370DB;stroke:none;font-size:10px;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI g.stateGroup text{fill:#333;stroke:none;font-size:10px;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI g.stateGroup .state-title{font-weight:bolder;fill:#131300;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI g.stateGroup rect{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI g.stateGroup line{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .transition{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:1;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .stateGroup .composit{fill:white;border-bottom:1px;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .stateGroup .alt-composit{fill:#e0e0e0;border-bottom:1px;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .state-note{stroke:#aaaa33;fill:#fff5ad;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .state-note text{fill:black;stroke:none;font-size:10px;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .stateLabel .box{stroke:none;stroke-width:0;fill:#ECECFF;opacity:0.5;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .edgeLabel .label rect{fill:#ECECFF;opacity:0.5;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .edgeLabel{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .edgeLabel p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .edgeLabel .label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .label div 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rect.outer{rx:5px;ry:5px;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .statediagram-state .divider{stroke:#9370DB;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .statediagram-state .title-state{rx:5px;ry:5px;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .statediagram-cluster.statediagram-cluster .inner{fill:white;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .statediagram-cluster.statediagram-cluster-alt .inner{fill:#f0f0f0;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .statediagram-cluster .inner{rx:0;ry:0;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .statediagram-state rect.basic{rx:5px;ry:5px;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .statediagram-state rect.divider{stroke-dasharray:10,10;fill:#f0f0f0;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .note-edge{stroke-dasharray:5;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .statediagram-note rect{fill:#fff5ad;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;rx:0;ry:0;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .statediagram-note rect{fill:#fff5ad;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;rx:0;ry:0;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .statediagram-note text{fill:black;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .statediagram-note .nodeLabel{color:black;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .statediagram .edgeLabel{color:red;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI #dependencyStart,#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI #dependencyEnd{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI .statediagramTitleText{text-anchor:middle;font-size:18px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-kjf1brXBFyNJjqrI :root{–mermaid-font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    \u5f53\u524d\u6838\u5199<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    \u5f53\u524d\u6838\u72ec\u5360<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    \u591a\u6838\u5171\u4eab<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    \u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u6838\u5931\u6548<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    \u5199\u56de\u4e3b\u5185\u5b58\u901a\u77e5\u5176\u4ed6\u6838<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    \u5176\u4ed6\u6838\u5199\u6211\u9700\u8981\u4f5c\u5e9f<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    \u5176\u4ed6\u6838\u8bfb\u6211\u4e5f\u53d8\u5171\u4eab<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    \u5f53\u524d\u6838\u5199<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    \u5f53\u524d\u6838\u5199\u901a\u77e5\u5176\u4ed6\u6838\u5931\u6548<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    \u5176\u4ed6\u6838\u5199\u6211\u88ab\u8feb\u5931\u6548<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    \u91cd\u65b0\u4ece\u5185\u5b58\u8bfb<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    \u91cd\u65b0\u4ece\u5185\u5b58\u8bfb\u72ec\u5360<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    \u91cd\u65b0\u4ece\u5185\u5b58\u8bfb\u5e76\u4fee\u6539<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    Modified<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    Exclusive<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    Shared<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    Invalid<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    M：\u5df2\u4fee\u6539（\u72ec\u6b64\u4e00\u4efd）\u5176\u4ed6\u6838\u770b\u5230\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u65e7\u503c<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    E：\u72ec\u5360（\u6ca1\u4eba\u6709\u526f\u672c）\u53ef\u653e\u5fc3\u6539<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    S：\u5171\u4eab（\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u6709\u526f\u672c）\u53ea\u80fd\u8bfb，\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5199<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    I：\u5931\u6548（\u672c\u526f\u672c\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528）\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u8bfb<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u56db\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\u7b80\u8bb0：<\/p>\n\n\u72b6\u6001\u542b\u4e49\u4fee\u4ed9\u7c7b\u6bd4<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Modified<\/td>\n\u6211\u6539\u4e86，\u6211\u72ec\u5360<\/td>\n\u6211\u91cd\u65b0\u70bc\u5236\u4e86\u4e00\u4ef6\u7075\u5668，\u539f\u4ef6\u5df2\u6bc1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Exclusive<\/td>\n\u6211\u72ec\u5360，\u6ca1\u4eba\u52a8\u8fc7<\/td>\n\u6211\u6709\u8fd9\u4ef6\u7075\u5668，\u5e93\u623f\u53ea\u6709\u6211\u6709<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Shared<\/td>\n\u591a\u4eba\u90fd\u6301\u6709<\/td>\n\u5e08\u5144\u5f1f\u5404\u6301\u4e00\u4efd\u526f\u672c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Invalid<\/td>\n\u6211\u8fd9\u4efd\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fc7\u671f<\/td>\n\u6211\u7684\u526f\u672c\u5df2\u6bc1，\u5fc5\u987b\u91cd\u65b0\u53d6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u5173\u952e\u89c4\u5219：\u4efb\u4f55\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u524d，\u7f13\u5b58\u884c\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u53d8\u6210 Exclusive \u6216 Modified\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662f Shared，\u5199\u4e4b\u524d\u8981\u5e7f\u64ad"\u6211\u8981\u6539\u4e86"，\u5176\u4ed6\u6838\u628a\u526f\u672c\u7f6e\u4e3a Invalid\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5199\u8005\u83b7\u5f97\u72ec\u5360\u6743\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4fee\u771f\u7c7b\u6bd4：\u5e08\u5144\u5f1f\u4e09\u4eba\u90fd\u501f\u4e86\u540c\u4e00\u672c\u529f\u6cd5\u6284\u672c，\u5e08\u5144\u8bf4"\u6211\u8981\u6539\u8fd9\u4e00\u9875"，\u4ed6\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u4f20\u8baf\u7ed9\u4e24\u4f4d\u5e08\u5f1f：\u201c\u628a\u4f60\u4eec\u7684\u526f\u672c\u6495\u6389（Invalid）\u201d\u3002\u7136\u540e\u4ed6\u6539\u5b8c，\u6210\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\u4e00\u6301\u6709\u6709\u6548\u7248\u672c\u7684\u4eba（Modified）\u3002\u4e0b\u6b21\u5e08\u5f1f\u4eec\u8981\u770b，\u5c31\u5f97\u53bb\u4ed6\u90a3\u91cc\u91cd\u65b0\u6284（\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d）\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u5957\u673a\u5236\u4fdd\u8bc1：\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u5019，\u6240\u6709\u6838\u770b\u5230\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u4efd\u6570\u636e\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002\u4ee3\u4ef7\u662f\u8de8\u6838\u901a\u4fe1\u5f88\u8d35\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u6b21\u5e7f\u64ad\u53ef\u80fd\u8981\u51e0\u5341\u5230\u51e0\u767e\u7eb3\u79d2，\u6bd4 L1 \u547d\u4e2d\u6162 50 \u500d\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u4f2a\u5171\u4eab\u2014\u2014\u85cf\u5728 MESI \u80cc\u540e\u7684\u5c0f\u5077<\/h4>\n

    \u6545\u4e8b\u8bb2\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc，\u672c\u6765\u4e00\u5207\u6b63\u5e38\u3002\u4f46\u6709\u4e2a\u9b54\u9b3c\u85cf\u5728\u7ec6\u8282\u91cc\u2014\u2014\u4f2a\u5171\u4eab（False Sharing）\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5b83\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u53d1\u751f\u7684：<\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u5047\u8bbe\u7f13\u5b58\u884c 64 \u5b57\u8282 = 16 \u4e2a int<\/span>
    \nstruct<\/span> Counters<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n int<\/span> counter_a;<\/span> \/\/ \u504f\u79fb 0-3<\/span>
    \n int<\/span> counter_b;<\/span> \/\/ \u504f\u79fb 4-7<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u4e2d\u95f4\u8fd8\u6709 56 \u5b57\u8282\u6ca1\u7528<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    counter_a \u548c counter_b \u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5404\u4f4f\u5404\u7684\u683c\u5b50，\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u95f4 64 \u5b57\u8282\u7684\u5ba2\u623f（\u7f13\u5b58\u884c）\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u73b0\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5206\u522b\u8dd1\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u6838\u4e0a：<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u6838 1 \u5199 counter_a<\/li>\n
    • \u6838 2 \u5199 counter_b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      MESI \u770b\u5230\u7684\u662f：\u201c\u7f13\u5b58\u884c\u8981\u53d8 Exclusive \u624d\u80fd\u5199\u201d\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u6838 1 \u5199\u4e4b\u524d，\u5e7f\u64ad"\u6838 2，\u628a\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u5931\u6548"\u3002\u6838 2 \u5199\u4e4b\u524d，\u5e7f\u64ad"\u6838 1，\u628a\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u5931\u6548"\u3002\u4e24\u4e2a\u6838\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u7528\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u53d8\u91cf，\u4f46\u7f13\u5b58\u884c\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u6838\u4e4b\u95f4\u75af\u72c2\u6765\u56de\u8e22\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4f2a\u5171\u4eab\u2014\u2014\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u6ca1\u5171\u4eab，\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u88ab\u5f3a\u5236\u5171\u4eab\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u4fee\u771f\u7c7b\u6bd4：\u7532\u5f1f\u5b50\u4fee\u300a\u6e05\u98ce\u8bc0\u300b，\u4e59\u5f1f\u5b50\u4fee\u300a\u660e\u6708\u8bc0\u300b，\u672c\u4e0d\u76f8\u5e72\u3002\u4f46\u4e24\u4eba\u4f4f\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u95f4\u4fee\u70bc\u5ba4（\u7f13\u5b58\u884c），\u4e00\u65b9\u8fd0\u529f\u5410\u7eb3，\u6574\u95f4\u4fee\u70bc\u5ba4\u7684\u6c14\u573a\u90fd\u8981\u91cd\u7f6e\u2014\u2014\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u4e5f\u88ab\u8feb\u4e2d\u65ad\u3002\u91cd\u7f6e\u51e0\u4e07\u6b21，\u8c01\u90fd\u4fee\u70bc\u4e0d\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n

      \/\/ \u4f2a\u5171\u4eab\u793a\u4f8b：\u6162<\/span>
      \nstruct<\/span> BadCounters<\/span> {<\/span>
      \n int<\/span> counter_a;<\/span> \/\/ \u504f\u79fb 0<\/span>
      \n int<\/span> counter_b;<\/span> \/\/ \u504f\u79fb 4 \u2190 \u540c\u4e00\u7f13\u5b58\u884c！<\/span>
      \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

      \/\/ \u4fee\u590d：\u7f13\u5b58\u884c\u5bf9\u9f50 \u2192 \u8ba9\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u5404\u5360\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f13\u5b58\u884c<\/span>
      \nstruct<\/span> alignas<\/span>(<\/span>64<\/span>)<\/span> GoodCounters {<\/span>
      \n int<\/span> counter_a;<\/span>
      \n char<\/span> pad[<\/span>60<\/span>]<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u586b\u5145，\u8ba9 b \u843d\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f13\u5b58\u884c<\/span>
      \n int<\/span> counter_b;<\/span>
      \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

      \/\/ \u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u4e0b，GoodCounters \u53ef\u4ee5\u6bd4 BadCounters \u5feb 5-10 \u500d<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u8fd9\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 Java ConcurrentHashMap \u5185\u90e8\u7528 long padding[] \u586b\u5145；Go \u7684 runtime \u91cc\u6709\u5927\u91cf \/\/ noCopy \u52a0\u5bf9\u9f50\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53；Linux \u5185\u6838\u7684 struct page \u5b57\u6bb5\u90fd\u8981\u5c0f\u5fc3\u6392\u5e03\u2014\u2014\u90fd\u662f\u88ab\u4f2a\u5171\u4eab\u5751\u8fc7\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u6765\u4e00\u6bb5\u5b9e\u6218\u5bf9\u6bd4，\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8dd1\u8dd1：<\/p>\n

      \/\/ \u4e24\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u5404\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u505a 1 \u4ebf\u6b21\u81ea\u589e<\/span>
      \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <pthread.h><\/span><\/span>
      \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <time.h><\/span><\/span>
      \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <stdio.h><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      struct<\/span> Bad<\/span> {<\/span> int<\/span> a;<\/span> int<\/span> b;<\/span> }<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u540c\u4e00\u7f13\u5b58\u884c<\/span>
      \nstruct<\/span> Good<\/span> {<\/span> int<\/span> a;<\/span> char<\/span> pad[<\/span>60<\/span>]<\/span>;<\/span> int<\/span> b;<\/span> }<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u8de8\u7f13\u5b58\u884c<\/span>
      \nvolatile<\/span> int<\/span> sink =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

      void<\/span>*<\/span> worker<\/span>(<\/span>void<\/span>*<\/span> arg)<\/span> {<\/span>
      \n int<\/span>*<\/span> p =<\/span> (<\/span>int<\/span>*<\/span>)<\/span>arg;<\/span>
      \n for<\/span> (<\/span>long<\/span> i =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i <<\/span> 100000000L<\/span>;<\/span> i++<\/span>)<\/span> (<\/span>*<\/span>p)<\/span>++<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n return<\/span> NULL<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

      int<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
      \n pthread_t<\/span> t1,<\/span> t2;<\/span>
      \n struct<\/span> Bad<\/span> bad =<\/span> {<\/span>0<\/span>}<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n struct<\/span> Good<\/span> good =<\/span> {<\/span>0<\/span>}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

      clock_t<\/span> s =<\/span> clock<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n pthread_create<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>t1,<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span> worker,<\/span> &<\/span>bad.<\/span>a)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n pthread_create<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>t2,<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span> worker,<\/span> &<\/span>bad.<\/span>b)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n pthread_join<\/span>(<\/span>t1,<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> pthread_join<\/span>(<\/span>t2,<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n printf<\/span>(<\/span>"Bad (\u4f2a\u5171\u4eab): %ld ms\\\\n"<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>clock<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> –<\/span> s)<\/span> *<\/span> 1000<\/span> \/<\/span> CLOCKS_PER_SEC)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

      s =<\/span> clock<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n pthread_create<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>t1,<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span> worker,<\/span> &<\/span>good.<\/span>a)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n pthread_create<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>t2,<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span> worker,<\/span> &<\/span>good.<\/span>b)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n pthread_join<\/span>(<\/span>t1,<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> pthread_join<\/span>(<\/span>t2,<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n printf<\/span>(<\/span>"Good (\u5bf9\u9f50): %ld ms\\\\n"<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>clock<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> –<\/span> s)<\/span> *<\/span> 1000<\/span> \/<\/span> CLOCKS_PER_SEC)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n return<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u5b9e\u9645\u8dd1\u4e0b\u6765，Good \u7248\u672c\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4 Bad \u7248\u672c\u5feb 3-8 \u500d\u2014\u2014\u5dee\u522b\u5927\u5230\u8ba9\u4eba\u6000\u7591\u4eba\u751f\u3002"\u8c03\u5b57\u6bb5\u987a\u5e8f"\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e8b，\u662f\u6709\u771f\u529f\u592b\u5728\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

      \n

      \u4e00\u628a\u91cf\u5929\u5c3a\u2014\u2014\u600e\u4e48\u6d4b\u51fa\u4f60\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u547d\u4e2d\u7387<\/h4>\n

      \u4fee\u4ed9\u8005\u8981\u5185\u89c2，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u8981 profiling\u3002\u51e0\u4e2a\u5de5\u5177\u80fd\u8ba9\u4f60"\u770b\u89c1"\u7f13\u5b58\u5854：<\/p>\n

      # Linux perf：\u76f4\u63a5\u770b cache miss \u7387<\/span>
      \nperf stat<\/span> -e<\/span> cache-misses,cache-references .\/your_program
      \n# \u8f93\u51fa： 1,234,567 cache-misses # \u9519\u8fc7\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u6b21\u6570<\/span>
      \n# 98,765,432 cache-references # \u603b\u8bbf\u95ee\u6b21\u6570<\/span>
      \n# \u547d\u4e2d\u7387 = 1 – 1234567\/98765432 \u2248 98.7%<\/span><\/p>\n

      # Valgrind cachegrind：\u6a21\u62df\u7f13\u5b58，\u7edf\u8ba1\u6bcf\u6b21 miss<\/span>
      \nvalgrind –tool<\/span>=<\/span>cachegrind .\/your_program
      \n# \u8f93\u51fa L1 miss rate, L2 miss rate \u7b49<\/span><\/p>\n

      # perf record + \u706b\u7130\u56fe：\u770b\u54ea\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570 miss \u591a<\/span>
      \nperf record -g<\/span> .\/your_program
      \nperf script |<\/span> flamegraph.pl ><\/span> cache.svg<\/p>\n

      \u4fee\u771f\u7c7b\u6bd4：\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c31\u662f"\u5185\u89c6\u4e4b\u672f"\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u5f00\u819b\u7834\u809a，\u76f4\u63a5\u7167\u89c1\u7075\u6c14\u8d70\u54ea\u6761\u7ecf\u8109\u3001\u54ea\u91cc\u5835\u4f4f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u5b9e\u6218\u7ecf\u9a8c：\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u7b97\u5bc6\u96c6\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f，cache miss \u7387\u5e94\u8be5\u4f4e\u4e8e 5%\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u770b\u5230 20% \u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684 miss \u7387，\u7b2c\u4e00\u53cd\u5e94\u4e0d\u662f\u6362\u7b97\u6cd5，\u800c\u662f\u91cd\u6392\u6570\u636e\u5e03\u5c40\u3002<\/p>\n

      \n

      \u4f60\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\u5e94\u8be5\u517b\u6210\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e60\u60ef<\/h4>\n
    • \u4f18\u5148\u987a\u5e8f\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u7ec4：for (i=0; i<n; i++) \u6c38\u8fdc\u6bd4 for (i=0; i<n; i+=16) \u53cb\u597d\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u5b57\u6bb5\u6309"\u70ed\u51b7"\u5206\u7ec4：\u9891\u7e41\u4e00\u8d77\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u6328\u7740；\u51b7\u6570\u636e\u7528 __attribute__((cold)) \u6216\u5355\u72ec\u653e\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0b\u505a"\u5bf9\u9f50\u586b\u5145\u5206\u5272"：\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u72ec\u4eab\u7684\u53d8\u91cf，\u5f3a\u5236\u5360\u6ee1\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f13\u5b58\u884c（64 \u5b57\u8282），\u522b\u8ba9\u90bb\u5c45\u6253\u6270\u3002<\/li>\n

      \u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e60\u60ef，\u6bd4\u4e8c\u5341\u79cd\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f18\u5316\u90fd\u7ba1\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

      \n

      \u7528\u4e00\u5f20\u56fe\u770b\u6e05\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207<\/h4>\n

      #mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}@keyframes edge-animation-frame{from{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}@keyframes dash{to{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .edge-animation-slow{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 50s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .edge-animation-fast{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 20s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .edge-thickness-invisible{stroke-width:0;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio svg{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio p{margin:0;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .label{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .cluster-label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .cluster-label span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .cluster-label span p{background-color:transparent;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .label text,#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio span{fill:#333;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .node rect,#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .node circle,#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .node ellipse,#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .node polygon,#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .rough-node .label text,#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .node .label text,#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .icon-shape .label{text-anchor:middle;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .node .katex path{fill:#000;stroke:#000;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .rough-node .label,#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .node .label,#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .icon-shape .label{text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .node.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .root .anchor path{fill:#333333!important;stroke-width:0;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .arrowheadPath{fill:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .edgePath .path{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:2.0px;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .flowchart-link{stroke:#333333;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .edgeLabel{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .edgeLabel p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .labelBkg{background-color:rgba(232, 232, 232, 0.5);}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .cluster span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:hsl(80, 100%, 96.2745098039%);border:1px solid #aaaa33;border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .flowchartTitleText{text-anchor:middle;font-size:18px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio rect.text{fill:none;stroke-width:0;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .icon-shape,#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .image-shape{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .icon-shape p,#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .image-shape p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);padding:2px;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .icon-shape .label rect,#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .image-shape .label rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .label-icon{display:inline-block;height:1em;overflow:visible;vertical-align:-0.125em;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio .node .label-icon path{fill:currentColor;stroke:revert;stroke-width:revert;}#mermaid-svg-0FvS0MiYSMI3Leio :root{–mermaid-font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

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      \u987a\u5e8f\/\u5c0f\u6b65\u957f<\/p>\n

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      \u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u540c\u884c<\/p>\n

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      \u5bf9\u9f50\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u884c<\/p>\n

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      \u8bbf\u95ee\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n

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      \u9ad8\u547d\u4e2d\u7387L1 90%+<\/p>\n

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      \u4f4e\u547d\u4e2d\u7387cache miss \u9891\u7e41<\/p>\n

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      \u6027\u80fd：\u7eb3\u79d2\u7ea7<\/p>\n

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      \u6027\u80fd：\u767e\u7eb3\u79d2\u7ea7<\/p>\n

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      \u591a\u6838\u5e76\u53d1?<\/p>\n

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      \u68c0\u67e5\u7f13\u5b58\u884c<\/p>\n

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      \u4f2a\u5171\u4eab \u26a0\ufe0f<\/p>\n

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      \u6027\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38<\/p>\n

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      \u6027\u80fd\u66b4\u964dMESI \u5e7f\u64ad\u98ce\u66b4<\/p>\n

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      \u6027\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38<\/p>\n

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      \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4e09\u677f\u65a7：<\/p>\n

    • \u987a\u5e8f\u8bbf\u95ee\u2014\u2014\u7528\u597d\u7a7a\u95f4\u5c40\u90e8\u6027<\/li>\n
    • \u6570\u636e\u7d27\u51d1\u2014\u2014\u628a\u540c\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6570\u636e\u653e\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u7f13\u5b58\u884c<\/li>\n
    • \u7f13\u5b58\u884c\u5bf9\u9f50\u2014\u2014\u628a\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5206\u5f00\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7f13\u5b58\u884c<\/li>\n
      \n

      \u4fee\u4ed9\u672f\u8bed\u5bf9\u7167\u8868<\/h3>\n\n\u4fee\u4ed9\u672f\u8bed\u6280\u672f\u73b0\u5b9e\u672c\u7bc7\u8be6\u89e3<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \u4e09\u5c42\u4fee\u70bc\u5854<\/td>\nL1\/L2\/L3 \u7f13\u5b58\u5c42\u7ea7<\/td>\n\u00a7\u7f13\u5b58\u5854\u7ed3\u6784<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u57ce\u5185\u7075\u6c14<\/td>\n\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668<\/td>\n\u00a7\u7f13\u5b58\u5854\u7ed3\u6784<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u8d34\u8eab\u50a8\u7269\u888b<\/td>\nL1 \u7f13\u5b58<\/td>\n\u00a7\u7f13\u5b58\u5854\u7ed3\u6784<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u95e8\u5185\u5e93\u623f<\/td>\nL3 \u7f13\u5b58<\/td>\n\u00a7\u7f13\u5b58\u5854\u7ed3\u6784<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u57ce\u5916\u7075\u77f3\u77ff<\/td>\n\u4e3b\u5185\u5b58 RAM<\/td>\n\u00a7\u7f13\u5b58\u5854\u7ed3\u6784<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u7f13\u5b58\u884c<\/td>\nCache Line（64 \u5b57\u8282）<\/td>\n\u00a7\u7f13\u5b58\u5854\u7ed3\u6784<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u547d\u4e2d<\/td>\nCache Hit<\/td>\n\u00a7\u547d\u4e2d\u4e0e\u672a\u547d\u4e2d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u672a\u547d\u4e2d<\/td>\nCache Miss<\/td>\n\u00a7\u547d\u4e2d\u4e0e\u672a\u547d\u4e2d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u65f6\u95f4\u5c40\u90e8\u6027<\/td>\nTemporal Locality<\/td>\n\u00a7\u5c40\u90e8\u6027\u539f\u7406<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u7a7a\u95f4\u5c40\u90e8\u6027<\/td>\nSpatial Locality<\/td>\n\u00a7\u5c40\u90e8\u6027\u539f\u7406<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u5e08\u5144\u5f1f\u501f\u7075\u5668<\/td>\n\u591a\u6838\u8bbf\u95ee\u540c\u4e00\u7f13\u5b58\u884c<\/td>\n\u00a7MESI \u534f\u8bae<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u4f20\u8baf\u6495\u526f\u672c<\/td>\nMESI Invalid \u5e7f\u64ad<\/td>\n\u00a7MESI \u534f\u8bae<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u4fee\u70bc\u5ba4\u7075\u6c14\u91cd\u7f6e<\/td>\n\u4f2a\u5171\u4eab（False Sharing）<\/td>\n\u00a7\u4f2a\u5171\u4eab<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u7f13\u5b58\u884c\u5bf9\u9f50<\/td>\nCache Line Padding<\/td>\n\u00a7\u4f2a\u5171\u4eab<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
      \n

      \u7a81\u7834\u6761\u4ef6<\/h3>\n

      \u8981\u771f\u6b63\u5403\u900f CPU \u7f13\u5b58\u5854，\u8de8\u5165\u91d1\u4e39\u5927\u6210：<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \u80fd\u8bf4\u51fa L1\/L2\/L3 \u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u3001\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5dee\u5f02，\u5e76\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u91d1\u5b57\u5854\u7ed3\u6784<\/li>\n
      • \u80fd\u89e3\u91ca Cache Line \u7684\u6982\u5ff5（64 \u5b57\u8282）\u548c\u5b83\u7684\u610f\u4e49<\/li>\n
      • \u7406\u89e3\u65f6\u95f4\u5c40\u90e8\u6027\u3001\u7a7a\u95f4\u5c40\u90e8\u6027，\u80fd\u8bc6\u522b\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u8fdd\u53cd<\/li>\n
      • \u80fd\u89e3\u91ca MESI \u534f\u8bae\u7684\u56db\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u6362<\/li>\n
      • \u77e5\u9053\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u4f2a\u5171\u4eab，\u80fd\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u4fee\u590d（\u7f13\u5b58\u884c\u5bf9\u9f50）<\/li>\n
      • \u770b\u5230\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u65f6，\u4f1a\u5148\u6000\u7591\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u6a21\u5f0f，\u518d\u6000\u7591\u7b97\u6cd5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u8fbe\u6210\u8fd9\u516d\u9879，\u7f13\u5b58\u5854\u5c31\u5728\u4f60\u5fc3\u91cc\u4e86\u3002\u4e0b\u6b21\u5199\u4ee3\u7801，\u4f60\u4e0b\u610f\u8bc6\u4f1a\u60f3"\u8fd9\u6bb5\u6570\u636e\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u8e29\u5728 L1 \u4e0a"，\u8fd9\u662f\u91d1\u4e39\u671f\u8be5\u6709\u7684"\u5185\u666f\u89c2\u5bdf"\u3002<\/p>\n

        \n

        \u4e0b\u671f\u9884\u544a + \u4e92\u52a8<\/h3>\n

        \u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7：\u3010\u91d1\u4e39\u00b713\u3011\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u5e76\u53d1\u771f\u76f8<\/p>\n

        CPU \u7f13\u5b58\u662f\u5355\u4e2a\u6838\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u591a\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u3001\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u8dd1，\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u76f4\u63a5\u7ffb\u500d\u2014\u2014\u5e76\u53d1\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f"\u4e00\u8d77\u5e72\u6d3b"，\u66f4\u662f"\u62a2\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u4e92\u76f8\u5e72\u6270\u3001\u8fd8\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e0d\u51fa\u9519"\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u4e0b\u7bc7\u8bb2：<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \u5e76\u53d1 vs \u5e76\u884c\u2014\u2014\u5206\u8eab\u672f\u548c\u7fa4\u6bb4\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/li>\n
        • \u4e09\u79cd\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u2014\u20141:1\u3001N:1\u3001M:N<\/li>\n
        • \u5e76\u53d1\u4e09\u6bd2\u2014\u2014\u7ade\u6001 \/ \u6b7b\u9501 \/ \u9965\u997f<\/li>\n
        • \u9501\u7684\u5bb6\u65cf\u2014\u2014\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u3001\u81ea\u65cb\u9501\u3001\u8bfb\u5199\u9501<\/li>\n
        • \u65e0\u9501\u7f16\u7a0b\u2014\u2014CAS \u539f\u5b50\u64cd\u4f5c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \u73b0\u5728\u95ee\u4f60：<\/p>\n

          🎮 \u7f13\u5b58\u6d4b\u901f：\u4f60\u5199 C\/Go\/Rust \u65f6，\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u9047\u5230\u8fc7"\u7b97\u6cd5\u6ca1\u53d8，\u6539\u4e86\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u5b57\u6bb5\u987a\u5e8f\u5c31\u5feb\u4e86 5 \u500d"\u7684\u8be1\u5f02\u7ecf\u5386？\u8bc4\u8bba\u533a\u804a\u804a\u4f60\u7684"\u4f2a\u5171\u4eab\u7ffb\u8f66\u73b0\u573a"\u3002<\/p>\n

          💬 \u8bdd\u9898：\u4f60\u5e73\u65f6\u5199\u4ee3\u7801，\u4f1a\u4e0b\u610f\u8bc6\u8003\u8651\u7f13\u5b58\u547d\u4e2d\u7387\u5417？\u8fd8\u662f\u53ea\u5230"\u80fd\u7528\u5c31\u884c"？\u804a\u804a\u4f60\u7684\u53d6\u820d\u3002<\/p>\n

          🔔 \u5173\u6ce8\u7384\u82af\u6563\u4eba，\u91d1\u4e39\u4e0d\u8ff7\u8def\u3002\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7\u5e26\u4f60\u62c6\u7a7f\u5e76\u53d1\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u771f\u76f8\u3002<\/p>\n

          \u6211\u662f\u7384\u82af\u6563\u4eba，\u5e26\u4f60\u4ece\u70bc\u6c14\u4fee\u5230\u5927\u4e58\u3002<\/p>\n

          \n

          \u672c\u6587\u662f\u300c\u7801\u519c\u4fee\u4ed9\u4f20\u300d\u7cfb\u5217\u7b2c76\u7bc7\u3002\u7cfb\u5217\u5bfc\u822a\u89c1 xren.ren<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          \u7f13\u5b58 \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784 \u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f
          \n\u3010\u91d1\u4e39\u00b776\u3011CPU\u7f13\u5b58\u4e09\u5c42\u5854 \u7801\u519c\u4fee\u4ed9\u4f20 \u00b7 \u91d1\u4e39\u671f \u00b7 \u7b2c12\u7bc7 \u6211\u662f\u7384\u82af\u6563\u4eba，\u5e26\u4f60\u4ece\u70bc\u6c14\u4fee\u5230\u5927\u4e58\u3002 \u5883\u754c\u6807\u8bc6
          \n\u2554\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2557
          \n\u2551 \u91d1\u4e39\u671f \u00b7 \u7b2c12\u7bc7 \u2551
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