{"id":114651,"date":"2026-10-09T20:40:49","date_gmt":"2026-10-09T12:40:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/114651.html"},"modified":"2026-10-09T20:40:49","modified_gmt":"2026-10-09T12:40:49","slug":"12_%e5%9b%be%e8%a1%a8%e9%80%89%e5%9e%8b%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/114651.html","title":{"rendered":"12_\u56fe\u8868\u9009\u578b\u6307\u5357"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u4e00\u62ff\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u5148\u753b\u56fe\u770b\u770b\u2014\u2014\u753b\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff1f;\u67f1\u72b6\u56fe\u5427&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u997c\u56fe&#xff1f;\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u636e\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u56fe\u5374\u9009\u9519\u4e86&#xff0c;\u8bfb\u8005 get \u4e0d\u5230\u91cd\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56fe\u8868\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86&#034;\u6709\u4e2a\u56fe&#034;&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u628a\u6570\u636e\u91cc\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u66f4\u5feb\u3001\u66f4\u51c6\u5730\u4f20\u9012\u51fa\u53bb\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u4e0d\u8bb2\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u4ee3\u7801&#xff0c;\u8bb2\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u6839\u672c\u7684\u95ee\u9898&#xff1a;\u9762\u5bf9\u4e00\u4efd\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u8be5\u9009\u4ec0\u4e48\u56fe&#xff1f; \u6309\u4f60\u60f3\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5206\u6210 8 \u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u573a\u666f&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u79cd\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u56fe\u3001\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u4e00\u3001\u60f3\u6bd4\u5927\u5c0f&#xff1f;\u7528\u67f1\u72b6\u56fe<\/h3>\n<p>\u9002\u7528&#xff1a;\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u522b\u4e4b\u95f4\u6bd4\u591a\u5c11\u3001\u6392\u540d\u6b21&#xff08;\u5404\u4ea7\u54c1\u9500\u91cf\u3001\u5404\u90e8\u95e8\u4eba\u6570\u3001\u5404\u5730\u533a\u8425\u6536\u3001\u5b66\u751f\u6210\u7ee9\u6392\u540d&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff1f; \u4eba\u773c\u5bf9\u67f1\u5b50\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u5f88\u51c6&#xff0c;\u4e24\u4e2a\u67f1\u5b50\u5dee\u591a\u5c11\u4e00\u773c\u770b\u51fa&#xff1b;\u800c\u4e14\u67f1\u5b50\u57fa\u7ebf\u90fd\u5728 0 \u7ebf\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u8bef\u5bfc\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528&#xff1f; \u7c7b\u522b\u8d85\u8fc7 10 \u4e2a\u4f1a\u6324\u6210\u4e00\u56e2\u770b\u4e0d\u6e05&#xff08;\u8003\u8651\u6a2a\u5411\u67f1\u72b6\u56fe&#xff0c;\u6216\u53ea\u5217\u524d\u51e0\u540d&#xff09;&#xff1b;\u60f3\u770b\u8d8b\u52bf\u53d8\u5316\u90a3\u662f\u6298\u7ebf\u56fe\u7684\u6d3b\u3002\u67f1\u5b50\u4e00\u822c 5-7 \u6839\u6548\u679c\u6700\u597d&#xff0c;\u7c7b\u522b\u591a\u5c31\u7528\u6a2a\u5411 barh&#xff0c;\u6587\u5b57\u6a2a\u7740\u653e\u66f4\u597d\u8bfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>ax<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>bar<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>categories<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> values<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>      <span class=\"token comment\"># \u67f1\u72b6\u56fe<\/span><br \/>\nax<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>barh<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>categories<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> values<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>    <span class=\"token comment\"># \u6a2a\u5411\u67f1\u72b6\u56fe<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u60f3\u770b\u8d8b\u52bf&#xff1f;\u7528\u6298\u7ebf\u56fe<\/h3>\n<p>\u9002\u7528&#xff1a;\u6570\u636e\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u8d70\u52bf\u3001\u8fde\u7eed\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u89c4\u5f8b&#xff08;\u65e5\/\u6708\u9500\u552e\u989d\u3001\u80a1\u4ef7\u6ce2\u52a8\u3001\u6e29\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316\u3001\u7f51\u7ad9\u6d41\u91cf&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff1f; \u7ebf\u6761\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u5728\u8868\u8fbe&#034;\u8fde\u63a5&#034;\u548c&#034;\u8fde\u7eed&#034;&#xff0c;\u4ece\u5de6\u5230\u53f3\u4e00\u773c\u770b\u51fa\u662f\u6da8\u662f\u8dcc\u3001\u5e73\u7a33\u8fd8\u662f\u6ce2\u52a8\u3001\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u62d0\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528&#xff1f; \u6570\u636e\u662f\u65e0\u5e8f\u79bb\u6563\u7c7b\u522b\u65f6\u7528\u67f1\u72b6\u56fe\u2014\u2014\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e4b\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u8fde\u7eed\u5173\u7cfb&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u80fd\u62ff\u7ebf\u8fde\u8d77\u6765&#xff1b;\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u4e09\u4e2a\u70b9\u4e5f\u770b\u4e0d\u51fa\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u6298\u7ebf\u56fe\u7684 X \u8f74\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u6709\u5e8f\u7684&#xff08;\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u5e74\u9f84\u8fd9\u79cd\u6709\u5927\u5c0f\u987a\u5e8f&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u522b\u62ff&#034;\u4ea7\u54c1A\u3001\u4ea7\u54c1B&#034;\u8fd9\u79cd\u65e0\u5e8f\u7c7b\u522b\u5f53 X \u8f74&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4f1a\u8bef\u5bfc\u8bfb\u8005\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u6709\u8fde\u7eed\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>ax<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>plot<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>x<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> y<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u4e09\u3001\u60f3\u770b\u5360\u6bd4&#xff1f;\u614e\u9009\u997c\u56fe<\/h3>\n<p>\u9002\u7528&#xff1a;\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u5206\u6210\u51e0\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206&#xff0c;\u770b\u5404\u90e8\u5206\u5360\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b&#xff08;\u516c\u53f8\u6536\u5165\u6784\u6210\u3001\u5e02\u573a\u4efd\u989d\u3001\u9884\u7b97\u5206\u914d&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u997c\u56fe\u662f\u88ab\u6ee5\u7528\u6700\u591a\u7684\u56fe\u8868&#xff0c;\u4e24\u4e2a\u81f4\u547d\u5f31\u70b9&#xff1a;\u4e00\u662f\u4eba\u773c\u5bf9\u89d2\u5ea6\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u8fdc\u4e0d\u5982\u5bf9\u957f\u5ea6\u51c6&#xff0c;\u4e24\u4e2a\u6247\u5f62\u5dee 5% \u4f60\u5f88\u96be\u770b\u51fa\u54ea\u4e2a\u5927&#xff1b;\u4e8c\u662f\u7c7b\u522b\u4e00\u591a\u5c31\u4e71&#xff0c;\u6700\u591a\u653e 5-6 \u5757&#xff0c;\u591a\u4e86\u5c31\u6210\u4e94\u989c\u516d\u8272\u7684\u62ab\u8428\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u997c\u56fe\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6253\u5f00\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff1a; \u7c7b\u522b\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7 5 \u4e2a\u3001\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f60\u60f3\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u660e\u663e\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u3001\u4f60\u771f\u7684\u5728\u8868\u8fbe&#034;\u5360\u6574\u4f53\u6bd4\u4f8b&#034;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f&#034;\u8c01\u6bd4\u8c01\u5927&#034;\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u662f\u60f3\u6bd4\u5927\u5c0f&#xff0c;\u54ea\u6015\u662f\u767e\u5206\u6bd4&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u8bf7\u7528\u67f1\u72b6\u56fe\u3002 \u73af\u5f62\u56fe&#xff08;\u751c\u751c\u5708\u56fe&#xff09;\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u4e2d\u95f4\u6316\u6d1e\u7684\u997c\u56fe&#xff0c;\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n<p>ax<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>pie<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>values<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> labels<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span>categories<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> autopct<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;%1.1f%%&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u56db\u3001\u60f3\u770b\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5173\u7cfb&#xff1f;\u7528\u6563\u70b9\u56fe<\/h3>\n<p>\u9002\u7528&#xff1a;\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u503c\u578b\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5173\u8054\u3001\u5f3a\u5f31\u3001\u6b63\u8d1f&#xff08;\u8eab\u9ad8\u548c\u4f53\u91cd\u3001\u5e7f\u544a\u8d39\u548c\u9500\u552e\u989d\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u5206\u6570&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6563\u70b9\u56fe\u628a\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u8054\u5408\u5206\u5e03\u5b8c\u6574\u5448\u73b0&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u70b9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6837\u672c&#xff0c;\u70b9\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u5f62\u6001\u5c31\u662f\u5173\u7cfb\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u4f60\u4e00\u773c\u80fd\u770b\u51fa&#xff1a;\u6b63\/\u8d1f\u76f8\u5173\u3001\u7ebf\u6027\u8fd8\u662f\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u3001\u5173\u7cfb\u5f3a\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31&#xff08;\u8d34\u6210\u4e00\u6761\u7ebf\u8fd8\u662f\u6563\u6210\u4e00\u7247\u4e91&#xff09;\u3001\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5f02\u5e38\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528&#xff1f; \u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u7c7b\u522b\u5c31\u7528\u7bb1\u7ebf\u56fe&#xff1b;\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u5c11\u4e8e 20 \u4e2a\u753b\u51fa\u6765\u6ca1\u610f\u4e49&#xff1b;\u60f3\u7cbe\u786e\u8bfb\u6570\u503c\u4e5f\u522b\u770b\u6563\u70b9\u56fe\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u53e0\u52a0\u56de\u5f52\u7ebf&#xff0c;\u4f46\u8bb0\u4f4f\u2014\u2014\u76f8\u5173\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u56e0\u679c&#xff0c;\u6563\u70b9\u56fe\u53ea\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60&#034;\u6709\u5173\u7cfb&#034;&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60&#034;\u8c01\u5bfc\u81f4\u8c01&#034;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>ax<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>scatter<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>x<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> y<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u4e94\u3001\u60f3\u770b\u5206\u5e03&#xff1f;\u7528\u76f4\u65b9\u56fe\u6216\u7bb1\u7ebf\u56fe<\/h3>\n<h4>\u76f4\u65b9\u56fe&#xff1a;\u770b\u6574\u4f53\u5f62\u72b6<\/h4>\n<p>\u9002\u7528&#xff1a;\u4e00\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u2014\u2014\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u54ea\u3001\u5206\u6563\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3001\u504f\u4e0d\u504f\u3001\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u53cc\u5cf0&#xff08;\u5458\u5de5\u5de5\u8d44\u3001\u5b66\u751f\u6210\u7ee9\u3001\u5ba2\u6237\u5e74\u9f84&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b83\u548c\u67f1\u72b6\u56fe\u50cf\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b&#xff1a;\u67f1\u72b6\u56fe X \u8f74\u662f\u7c7b\u522b\u3001\u67f1\u5b50\u6709\u95f4\u9694&#xff1b;\u76f4\u65b9\u56fe X \u8f74\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u6570\u503c\u533a\u95f4\u3001\u67f1\u5b50\u6ca1\u95f4\u9694\u3002\u5b83\u6700\u6709\u7528\u7684\u662f\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60\u6570\u636e\u7684&#034;\u5f62\u72b6&#034;&#xff1a;\u662f\u6b63\u6001&#xff08;\u949f\u5f62&#xff09;\u8fd8\u662f\u504f\u6001\u3001\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4e2d\u95f4\u8fd8\u662f\u4e24\u5934\u3001\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u9ad8\u503c\u6216\u4f4e\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>ax<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>hist<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> bins<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">20<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u7bb1\u7ebf\u56fe&#xff1a;\u770b\u5206\u7ec4\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h4>\n<p>\u9002\u7528&#xff1a;\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u522b\u4e4b\u95f4\u6bd4\u8f83\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u8303\u56f4\u548c\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570&#xff08;\u4e0d\u540c\u73ed\u7ea7\u6210\u7ee9\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u90e8\u95e8\u85aa\u8d44\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u4ea7\u54c1\u8bc4\u5206&#xff09;\u3002\u4e00\u6761\u5c0f\u7bb1\u5b50\u88c5\u4e86\u4e94\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u6570&#xff1a;\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u56db\u5206\u4f4d\u6570\u3001\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\u3001\u7b2c\u4e09\u56db\u5206\u4f4d\u6570\u3001\u6700\u5927\u503c&#xff0c;\u5916\u52a0\u5f02\u5e38\u503c&#xff0c;\u4fe1\u606f\u5bc6\u5ea6\u5f88\u9ad8\u3002\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u770b\u4e0d\u61c2\u2014\u2014\u8bfb\u8005\u4e0d\u719f\u5c31\u52a0\u4e2a\u8bf4\u660e&#xff0c;\u6216\u8003\u8651\u6362\u522b\u7684\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n<p>ax<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>boxplot<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span>group1<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> group2<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> group3<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u516d\u3001\u60f3\u770b\u4e24\u7c7b\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4ea4\u53c9&#xff1f;\u7528\u70ed\u529b\u56fe<\/h3>\n<p>\u9002\u7528&#xff1a;\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4ea4\u53c9&#xff0c;\u770b\u4ea4\u53c9\u70b9\u6570\u503c\u5927\u5c0f&#xff0c;\u627e\u89c4\u5f8b\u627e\u5f02\u5e38&#xff08;\u661f\u671f\u00d7\u5c0f\u65f6\u5ba2\u6d41\u91cf\u3001\u4ea7\u54c1\u00d7\u5730\u533a\u9500\u91cf\u77e9\u9635\u3001\u6240\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\u4e24\u4e24\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u77e9\u9635&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4eba\u773c\u5bf9\u989c\u8272\u6df1\u6d45\u975e\u5e38\u654f\u611f\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u5806\u6570\u5b57\u8868\u683c\u770b\u534a\u5929\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u89c4\u5f8b&#xff0c;\u6362\u6210\u70ed\u529b\u56fe&#xff0c;\u989c\u8272\u6df1\u6d45\u4e00\u773c\u626b\u8fc7\u53bb\u6a21\u5f0f\u5c31\u51fa\u6765\u4e86&#xff08;\u6bd4\u5982\u5468\u672b\u4e0b\u5348\u4eba\u6700\u591a\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u65e5\u51cc\u6668\u6700\u5c11&#xff09;\u3002\u8fde\u7eed\u578b\u6570\u636e\u7528\u6e10\u53d8\u8272&#xff0c;\u522b\u7528\u5f69\u8679\u8272&#xff0c;\u5f69\u8679\u8272\u7684\u6df1\u6d45\u611f\u77e5\u4e0d\u5747\u5300\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> seaborn <span class=\"token keyword\">as<\/span> sns<br \/>\nsns<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>heatmap<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>data_matrix<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> annot<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token boolean\">True<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> cmap<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;YlOrRd&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<hr 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