{"id":114637,"date":"2026-10-09T17:49:29","date_gmt":"2026-10-09T09:49:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/114637.html"},"modified":"2026-10-09T17:49:29","modified_gmt":"2026-10-09T09:49:29","slug":"%e7%94%a8%e6%9c%ac%e4%bd%93%e7%ba%a6%e6%9d%9f%e5%a4%a7%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b%e8%be%93%e5%87%ba%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8e%e7%9f%a5%e8%af%86%e5%bb%ba%e6%a8%a1%e5%88%b0%e8%90%bd%e5%9c%b0%e5%ae%9e%e8%b7%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/114637.html","title":{"rendered":"\u7528\u672c\u4f53\u7ea6\u675f\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a\u4ece\u77e5\u8bc6\u5efa\u6a21\u5230\u843d\u5730\u5b9e\u8df5"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u628a\u672c\u4f53\u548c LLM \u653e\u5728\u4e00\u8d77<\/h3>\n<p>\u5148\u8bf4\u6211\u9047\u5230\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e4b\u524d\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u8fd0\u7ef4\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e93&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u6a21\u578b\u56de\u7b54&#034;XX\u578b\u53f7\u6cf5\u7684\u5bc6\u5c01\u4ef6\u66f4\u6362\u5468\u671f\u662f\u591a\u5c11&#034;\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u91cc&#xff0c;\u628a&#034;\u5bc6\u5c01\u4ef6&#034;\u548c&#034;\u8f74\u627f&#034;\u7684\u66f4\u6362\u5468\u671f\u6df7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u628a\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u578b\u53f7\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u62fc\u63a5\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002\u7b54\u6848\u8bfb\u8d77\u6765\u5f88\u901a\u987a&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e8b\u5b9e\u662f\u9519\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u4e0d\u662f\u6a21\u578b\u4e0d\u591f\u5927&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6a21\u578b\u6ca1\u6709&#034;\u9886\u57df\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u8fb9\u754c&#034;\u3002\u5b83\u77e5\u9053&#034;\u5bc6\u5c01\u4ef6&#034;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e1a\u52a1\u91cc&#xff0c;\u5bc6\u5c01\u4ef6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u54ea\u4e2a\u90e8\u4ef6\u3001\u548c\u54ea\u4e9b\u578b\u53f7\u5173\u8054\u3001\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u4f53&#xff08;Ontology&#xff09;\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5b83\u7528\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u91cc\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u5173\u7cfb\u3002W3C \u4f53\u7cfb\u4e0b\u7684 OWL&#xff08;Web Ontology Language&#xff09;\u548c RDF&#xff08;Resource Description Framework&#xff09;\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u6700\u901a\u7528\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u628a\u672c\u4f53\u5f15\u5165 LLM \u6d41\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u7ed9\u6a21\u578b\u4e00\u5957&#034;\u8bcd\u6c47\u8868\u548c\u89c4\u5219\u8868&#034;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u524d\u8bf4\u660e\u4e00\u70b9&#xff1a;\u672c\u4f53\u4e0d\u662f\u4e07\u80fd\u836f\u3002\u5b83\u64c5\u957f\u7684\u662f\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u7ea6\u675f\u548c\u5173\u7cfb\u63a8\u7406&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u64c5\u957f\u5904\u7406\u6a21\u7cca\u8bed\u4e49\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u662f&#034;\u672c\u4f53\u7ba1\u9aa8\u67b6&#xff0c;LLM \u7ba1\u8840\u8089&#034;\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u672c\u4f53\u5230\u5e95\u957f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/20261009094914-6ac8b89a81096.png\" alt=\"\u672c\u4f53\u5230\u5e95\u957f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u7528\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u6982\u62ec&#xff1a;\u672c\u4f53\u5c31\u662f&#034;\u7c7b&#xff08;Class&#xff09;&#043; \u5c5e\u6027&#xff08;Property&#xff09;&#043; \u4e2a\u4f53&#xff08;Individual&#xff09;&#043; \u516c\u7406&#xff08;Axiom&#xff09;&#034;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3e\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u8fd0\u7ef4\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u7528 Turtle \u8bed\u6cd5\u5199\u4e00\u6bb5\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u672c\u4f53&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>&#064;prefix ex: &lt;http:\/\/example.org\/equipment#&gt; .<br \/>\n&#064;prefix owl: &lt;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2002\/07\/owl#&gt; .<br \/>\n&#064;prefix rdfs: &lt;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/01\/rdf-schema#&gt; .<br \/>\n&#064;prefix xsd: &lt;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2001\/XMLSchema#&gt; .<\/p>\n<p>ex:Equipment a owl:Class .<br \/>\nex:Pump a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ex:Equipment .<br \/>\nex:Component a owl:Class .<br \/>\nex:Seal a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ex:Component .<br \/>\nex:Bearing a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ex:Component .<\/p>\n<p>ex:hasComponent a owl:ObjectProperty ;<br \/>\n    rdfs:domain ex:Equipment ;<br \/>\n    rdfs:range ex:Component .<\/p>\n<p>ex:replacementCycle a owl:DatatypeProperty ;<br \/>\n    rdfs:domain ex:Component ;<br \/>\n    rdfs:range xsd:integer .<\/p>\n<p>ex:PumpA a ex:Pump .<br \/>\nex:SealA a ex:Seal ;<br \/>\n    ex:replacementCycle 180 .<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6bb5\u672c\u4f53\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u51e0\u4ef6\u6a21\u578b\u81ea\u5df1\u5b66\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u4e8b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Seal \u548c Bearing \u90fd\u662f Component \u7684\u5b50\u7c7b<\/li>\n<li>hasComponent \u53ea\u80fd\u8fde\u63a5 Equipment \u548c Component<\/li>\n<li>replacementCycle \u7684\u503c\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u6574\u6570<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5f53\u6a21\u578b\u60f3\u8f93\u51fa&#034;\u6cf5A\u7684\u8f74\u627f\u66f4\u6362\u5468\u671f\u662f180\u5929&#034;\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u672c\u4f53\u91cc\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u6709 PumpA hasComponent BearingA \u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e09\u5143\u7ec4&#xff0c;\u90a3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\u5728\u63a8\u7406\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u7ad9\u4e0d\u4f4f\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u672c\u4f53\u80fd\u7ed9 LLM \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42\u4ef7\u503c&#xff1a;\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u53ef\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e09\u79cd\u628a\u672c\u4f53\u63a5\u8fdb LLM \u7684\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/20261009094915-6ac8b89b5729a.png\" alt=\"\u4e09\u79cd\u628a\u672c\u4f53\u63a5\u8fdb LLM \u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u91cc\u8bd5\u8fc7\u4e09\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u548c\u6548\u679c\u5dee\u522b\u5f88\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u65b9\u6848\u4f18\u70b9\u7f3a\u70b9\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u63d0\u793a&#xff08;Prompt \u6ce8\u5165\u672c\u4f53\u6458\u8981&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b80\u5355&#xff0c;\u65e0\u9700\u989d\u5916\u670d\u52a1<\/td>\n<td>\u672c\u4f53\u4e00\u5927\u5c31\u585e\u4e0d\u8fdb\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587&#xff0c;\u6a21\u578b\u4ecd\u53ef\u80fd\u8fdd\u53cd\u7ea6\u675f<\/td>\n<td>\u672c\u4f53\u89c4\u6a21\u5c0f&#xff08;&lt;200 \u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5&#xff09;\u3001\u539f\u578b\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8f93\u51fa\u540e\u6821\u9a8c&#xff08;\u751f\u6210\u540e\u8dd1 SHACL\/\u63a8\u7406\u673a&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u80fd\u62e6\u622a\u9519\u8bef&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e3a\u515c\u5e95<\/td>\n<td>\u53ea\u505a\u4e8b\u540e\u68c0\u67e5&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u6539\u5584\u751f\u6210\u8d28\u91cf<\/td>\n<td>\u4e0e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u63d0\u793a\u7ec4\u5408\u4f7f\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>GraphRAG&#xff08;\u672c\u4f53\u4f5c\u4e3a\u68c0\u7d22\u56fe\u8c31&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u68c0\u7d22\u9636\u6bb5\u5c31\u7528\u672c\u4f53\u7ea6\u675f&#xff0c;\u6548\u679c\u7a33\u5b9a<\/td>\n<td>\u9700\u8981\u56fe\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u989d\u5916\u5de5\u7a0b<\/td>\n<td>\u672c\u4f53\u89c4\u6a21\u5927\u3001\u5173\u7cfb\u590d\u6742\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u5206\u522b\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e00&#xff1a;\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u63d0\u793a<\/h4>\n<p>\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u628a\u672c\u4f53\u91cc\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u6210\u6587\u672c&#xff0c;\u585e\u8fdb system prompt\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u67e5\u8be2&#034;\u6cf5A\u7684\u5bc6\u5c01\u4ef6\u66f4\u6362\u5468\u671f&#034;&#xff0c;\u5148\u628a PumpA \u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e09\u5143\u7ec4\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6765&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">from<\/span> rdflib <span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> Graph<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> Namespace<\/p>\n<p>EX <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> Namespace<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;http:\/\/example.org\/equipment#&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>g <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> Graph<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\ng<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>parse<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;equipment.ttl&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token builtin\">format<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;turtle&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">get_context<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>entity_uri<span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token builtin\">str<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> max_triples<span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token builtin\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">30<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token builtin\">str<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    query <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string-interpolation\"><span class=\"token string\">f&#034;&#034;&#034;<br \/>\n    SELECT ?p ?o WHERE {{<br \/>\n        &lt;<\/span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span>entity_uri<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token string\">&gt; ?p ?o .<br \/>\n    }} LIMIT <\/span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span>max_triples<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token string\"><br \/>\n    &#034;&#034;&#034;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n    rows <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">for<\/span> p<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> o <span class=\"token keyword\">in<\/span> g<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>query<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>query<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n        rows<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>append<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string-interpolation\"><span class=\"token string\">f&#034;&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span>entity_uri<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token string\">&gt; <\/span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span>p<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>n3<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>g<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>namespace_manager<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token string\"> <\/span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span>o<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>n3<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>g<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>namespace_manager<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token string\"> .&#034;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\\\\n&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>join<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>rows<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>context <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> get_context<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token builtin\">str<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>EX<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>PumpA<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>context<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u62fc\u8fdb\u63d0\u793a\u8bcd&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>prompt <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string-interpolation\"><span class=\"token string\">f&#034;&#034;&#034;\u4f60\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u8fd0\u7ef4\u52a9\u624b\u3002\u8bf7\u4e25\u683c\u4f9d\u636e\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u56de\u7b54\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;<br \/>\n\u4e0d\u8981\u5f15\u5165\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u53c2\u6570\u6216\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u56de\u7b54&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u8bf4&#034;\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u8db3&#034;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3010\u5df2\u77e5\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3011<br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span>context<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token string\"><\/p>\n<p>\u3010\u95ee\u9898\u3011\u6cf5A\u7684\u5bc6\u5c01\u4ef6\u66f4\u6362\u5468\u671f\u662f\u591a\u5c11&#xff1f;<br \/>\n&#034;&#034;&#034;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u505a\u6cd5\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5728\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u53e5\u7ea6\u675f\u3002\u4e0d\u5199&#034;\u4e0d\u8981\u5f15\u5165\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u5185\u5bb9&#034;&#xff0c;\u6a21\u578b\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u8865\u5145\u3002\u6211\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u662f&#xff1a;\u7ea6\u675f\u8d8a\u5177\u4f53&#xff0c;\u6548\u679c\u8d8a\u660e\u663e\u3002\u5199&#034;\u4e0d\u8981\u7f16\u9020&#034;\u6ca1\u7528&#xff0c;\u5199&#034;\u5982\u679c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u56de\u7b54&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u8bf4\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u8db3&#034;\u5c31\u6709\u7528&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u540e\u8005\u7ed9\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u4e00\u4e2a\u660e\u786e\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3010\u8e29\u5751\u63d0\u9192\u3011\u628a\u6574\u4e2a\u672c\u4f53\u4e22\u8fdb prompt \u662f\u5f88\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8bef\u533a\u3002\u672c\u4f53\u4e00\u65e6\u8d85\u8fc7\u51e0\u767e\u4e2a\u4e09\u5143\u7ec4&#xff0c;\u6a21\u578b\u4f1a\u5f00\u59cb\u5ffd\u7565\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 get_context \u53ea\u53d6\u548c\u5f53\u524d\u5b9e\u4f53\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e09\u5143\u7ec4&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5168\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e8c&#xff1a;\u8f93\u51fa\u540e\u6821\u9a8c<\/h4>\n<p>\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u63d0\u793a\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1 100% \u5408\u89c4&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u5c42\u4e8b\u540e\u6821\u9a8c\u3002SHACL&#xff08;Shapes Constraint Language&#xff09;\u662f W3C \u63a8\u8350\u7684\u6821\u9a8c\u8bed\u8a00&#xff0c;Python \u91cc\u7528 pyshacl \u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5148\u5b9a\u4e49\u7ea6\u675f\u5f62\u72b6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>&#064;prefix sh: &lt;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/ns\/shacl#&gt; .<br \/>\n&#064;prefix ex: &lt;http:\/\/example.org\/equipment#&gt; .<br \/>\n&#064;prefix xsd: &lt;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2001\/XMLSchema#&gt; .<\/p>\n<p>ex:ComponentShape a sh:NodeShape ;<br \/>\n    sh:targetClass ex:Component ;<br \/>\n    sh:property [<br \/>\n        sh:path ex:replacementCycle ;<br \/>\n        sh:datatype xsd:integer ;<br \/>\n        sh:minCount 1 ;<br \/>\n    ] .<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u6821\u9a8c\u6a21\u578b\u8f93\u51fa\u7684 RDF&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">from<\/span> pyshacl <span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> validate<br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">from<\/span> rdflib <span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> Graph<\/p>\n<p>data_graph <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> Graph<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\ndata_graph<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>parse<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>data<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span>model_output_ttl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token builtin\">format<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;turtle&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>shapes_graph <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> Graph<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\nshapes_graph<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>parse<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;shapes.ttl&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token builtin\">format<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;turtle&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>conforms<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> results_graph<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> results_text <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> validate<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n    data_graph<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n    shacl_graph<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span>shapes_graph<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n    inference<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;rdfs&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>conforms<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>results_text<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>inference&#061;&#034;rdfs&#034; \u8fd9\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4f1a\u8ba9\u6821\u9a8c\u5668\u5148\u505a\u4e00\u6b21 RDFS \u63a8\u7406\u518d\u6821\u9a8c&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u5728\u672c\u4f53\u6709\u5b50\u7c7b\u5173\u7cfb\u65f6\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6bd4\u5982 SealA \u88ab\u58f0\u660e\u4e3a Seal&#xff0c;\u800c Seal \u662f Component \u7684\u5b50\u7c7b&#xff0c;\u53ea\u6709\u5f00\u542f\u63a8\u7406&#xff0c;ComponentShape \u624d\u80fd\u6b63\u786e\u4f5c\u7528\u5230 SealA \u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3010\u6ce8\u610f\u3011pyshacl \u7684 inference \u652f\u6301 &#034;none&#034;\u3001&#034;rdfs&#034;\u3001&#034;owlrl&#034; \u4e09\u4e2a\u503c\u3002owlrl \u63a8\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u66f4\u5f3a\u4f46\u901f\u5ea6\u660e\u663e\u66f4\u6162&#xff0c;\u672c\u4f53\u89c4\u6a21\u5927\u65f6\u614e\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u6211\u5efa\u8bae\u4f60\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u672c\u4f53\u91cc\u7528\u5230\u7684 OWL \u6784\u9020\u5b50\u6765\u9009&#xff0c;\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u505a\u8fc7\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u57fa\u51c6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e09&#xff1a;GraphRAG<\/h4>\n<p>\u524d\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u628a\u672c\u4f53\u5f53&#034;\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599&#034;\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u8ba9\u672c\u4f53\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u505a\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u662f\u628a\u5b83\u505a\u6210\u68c0\u7d22\u5c42\u2014\u2014\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5e38\u8bf4\u7684 GraphRAG\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u601d\u8def\u662f&#xff1a;\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u95ee \u2192 \u5148\u4ece\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u62bd\u53d6\u5b9e\u4f53 \u2192 \u5728\u56fe\u8c31\u91cc\u505a\u5b50\u56fe\u68c0\u7d22 \u2192 \u628a\u5b50\u56fe\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5582\u7ed9 LLM\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u68c0\u7d22\u9636\u6bb5\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u672c\u4f53\u7ea6\u675f\u4f4f\u4e86&#xff0c;\u6a21\u578b\u62ff\u5230\u7684\u6c38\u8fdc\u662f&#034;\u672c\u4f53\u91cc\u771f\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5173\u7cfb&#034;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f53\u62bd\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 LLM \u5b8c\u6210&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 spaCy \u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684 NER \u6a21\u578b\u3002\u7528 LLM \u7684\u8bdd\u5927\u81f4\u662f\u8fd9\u6837&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">from<\/span> langchain_openai <span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> ChatOpenAI<br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">from<\/span> langchain_core<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>prompts <span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> ChatPromptTemplate<\/p>\n<p>llm <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> ChatOpenAI<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>model<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;gpt-4o-mini&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> temperature<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>extract_prompt <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> ChatPromptTemplate<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>from_messages<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;system&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u62bd\u53d6\u8bbe\u5907\u5b9e\u4f53&#xff0c;\u53ea\u8f93\u51fa\u5b9e\u4f53\u540d\u79f0&#xff0c;\u7528\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u3002&#034;<\/span><br \/>\n               <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u53ef\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\u578b&#xff1a;Pump\u3001Seal\u3001Bearing\u3002\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bc6\u522b\u65f6\u8f93\u51fa\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;human&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;{question}&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>chain <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> extract_prompt <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> llm<br \/>\nresult <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> chain<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>invoke<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;question&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u6cf5A\u7684\u5bc6\u5c01\u4ef6\u66f4\u6362\u5468\u671f\u662f\u591a\u5c11&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>result<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>content<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\"># \u671f\u671b\u5f97\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c &#034;\u6cf5A, \u5bc6\u5c01\u4ef6&#034;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u62ff\u5230\u5b9e\u4f53\u540d\u79f0\u540e&#xff0c;\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u672c\u4f53\u7684 URI&#xff0c;\u518d\u505a\u5b50\u56fe\u67e5\u8be2&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">subgraph_query<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>entity_uris<span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token builtin\">list<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token builtin\">str<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> depth<span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token builtin\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token builtin\">str<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    values <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034; &#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>join<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string-interpolation\"><span class=\"token string\">f&#034;&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span>u<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token string\">&gt;&#034;<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">for<\/span> u <span class=\"token keyword\">in<\/span> entity_uris<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    sparql <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string-interpolation\"><span class=\"token string\">f&#034;&#034;&#034;<br \/>\n    CONSTRUCT {{<br \/>\n        ?s ?p ?o .<br \/>\n    }}<br \/>\n    WHERE {{<br \/>\n        VALUES ?start {{ <\/span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span>values<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token string\"> }}<br \/>\n        ?start (!&lt;http:\/\/example.org\/equipment#hasComponent&gt;)* ?s .<br \/>\n        ?s ?p ?o .<br \/>\n    }}<br \/>\n    &#034;&#034;&#034;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n    result_graph <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> g<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>query<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>sparql<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> result_graph<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>serialize<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token builtin\">format<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;turtle&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6bb5 SPARQL \u91cc\u7684 (!&lt;&#8230;hasComponent&gt;)* \u662f\u5c5e\u6027\u8def\u5f84\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u8868\u793a&#034;\u6cbf hasComponent \u8d70 0 \u5230 N \u6b65&#034;\u3002\u7528 ! \u662f\u56e0\u4e3a Turtle \u91cc\u76f4\u63a5\u5199 IRI \u5728\u5c5e\u6027\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u88c5\u9970&#xff0c;\u5177\u4f53\u8bed\u6cd5\u5efa\u8bae\u4f60\u5bf9\u7167 SPARQL 1.1 \u89c4\u8303\u786e\u8ba4&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u540c\u5b9e\u73b0&#xff08;rdflib\u3001Jena\u3001Virtuoso&#xff09;\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ec6\u8282\u4e0a\u8868\u73b0\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u5728 Python \u91cc\u7528 rdflib \u505a\u751f\u4ea7\u7ea7\u7684\u56fe\u67e5\u8be2\u3002rdflib \u662f\u7eaf\u5185\u5b58\u5b9e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u51e0\u4e07\u4e09\u5143\u7ec4\u8fd8\u884c&#xff0c;\u4e0a\u767e\u4e07\u5c31\u5403\u529b\u4e86\u3002\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e00\u822c\u6362\u6210 Neo4j\u3001NebulaGraph \u6216 Oxigraph \u8fd9\u7c7b\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u56fe\u5b58\u50a8&#xff0c;SPARQL \u6216 Cypher \u8d70\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u539f\u751f\u5f15\u64ce\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u672c\u4f53\u4ece\u54ea\u6765<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/20261009094919-6ac8b89f1b23d.png\" alt=\"\u672c\u4f53\u4ece\u54ea\u6765\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u9762\u8bb2\u7684\u90fd\u662f&#034;\u6709\u4e86\u672c\u4f53\u600e\u4e48\u7528&#034;\u3002\u66f4\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f&#xff1a;\u672c\u4f53\u4ece\u54ea\u6765&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u4e2a\u6765\u6e90&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u884c\u4e1a\u6807\u51c6\u672c\u4f53\u3002\u533b\u7597\u6709 SNOMED CT&#xff0c;\u751f\u7269\u6709 Gene Ontology&#xff0c;\u5de5\u4e1a\u6709 IEC \u6807\u51c6\u884d\u751f\u7684\u672c\u4f53\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d28\u91cf\u9ad8\u4f46\u5f80\u5f80\u6388\u6743\u53d7\u9650\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93 Schema \u8f6c\u6362\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u8868\u6620\u5c04\u6210\u7c7b\u3001\u5916\u952e\u6620\u5c04\u6210\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c5e\u6027&#xff0c;\u7528 R2RML \u6216 Ontop \u8fd9\u7c7b\u5de5\u5177\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7528 LLM 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