{"id":114486,"date":"2026-10-09T10:56:55","date_gmt":"2026-10-09T02:56:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/114486.html"},"modified":"2026-10-09T10:56:55","modified_gmt":"2026-10-09T02:56:55","slug":"ai%e6%97%b6%e4%bb%a3%e7%9a%84%e5%ba%95%e5%b1%82%e5%9f%ba%e7%9f%b3%ef%bc%9alinux-c-c%e7%a1%ac%e6%a0%b8%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%e5%ae%9e%e6%88%98","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/114486.html","title":{"rendered":"AI\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u57fa\u77f3\uff1aLinux C\/C++\u786c\u6838\u5f00\u53d1\u5b9e\u6218"},"content":{"rendered":"

AI\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u57fa\u77f3：Linux C\/C++\u786c\u6838\u5f00\u53d1\u5b9e\u6218<\/h2>\n

\u524d\u8a00<\/h3>\n

\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e24\u5e74，AI \u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u4ee5\u5468\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u5728\u5237\u65b0：\u6a21\u578b\u63a8\u7406\u6846\u67b6\u3001\u5411\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001Agent \u7f16\u6392\u3001RAG \u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf，\u4e0a\u5c42\u8f6e\u5b50\u6362\u4e86\u4e00\u832c\u53c8\u4e00\u832c\u3002\u4f46\u771f\u6b63\u628a\u670d\u52a1\u6491\u4f4f\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f，\u53cd\u800c\u5b89\u9759\u5f97\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48\u5b58\u5728\u611f\u2014\u2014Linux \u5185\u6838\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u6808，\u4ee5\u53ca\u8dd1\u5728\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684 C\/C++ \u670d\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u91cc\u89c1\u8fc7\u592a\u591a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u573a\u666f：\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528 Python \u5199\u5f97\u597d\u597d\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u670d\u52a1，QPS \u4e00\u4e0a\u53bb\u5c31\u9876\u4e0d\u4f4f，\u6700\u540e\u53d1\u73b0\u74f6\u9888\u4e0d\u5728\u6a21\u578b，\u800c\u5728 GIL \u548c\u5185\u5b58\u62f7\u8d1d；\u4e00\u4e2a Go \u5199\u7684\u7f51\u5173，\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6296\u52a8\u6392\u67e5\u4e86\u4e09\u5929，\u6839\u56e0\u662f\u5185\u6838 somaxconn \u548c tcp_tw_reuse \u6ca1\u8c03；\u4e00\u4e2a C++ \u63a8\u7406\u540e\u7aef，CPU \u5229\u7528\u7387\u53ea\u6709 40% \u5374\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u4e22\u8bf7\u6c42，\u6700\u540e\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u662f NUMA \u8de8\u8282\u70b9\u8bbf\u5b58\u548c false sharing\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898，\u4e0a\u5c42\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u6846\u67b6\u7ed9\u4e0d\u4e86\u7b54\u6848，\u53ea\u80fd\u56de\u5230 Linux \u548c C\/C++ \u8fd9\u4e00\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n

\u672c\u6587\u9762\u5411\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a Linux \u57fa\u7840\u3001\u6b63\u5728\u6216\u5373\u5c06\u505a AI \u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u76f8\u5173\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08，\u56f4\u7ed5\u6211\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u8e29\u8fc7\u7684\u5751，\u8bb2\u6e05\u695a\u56db\u4ef6\u4e8b：Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u7f16\u7a0b\u5728 AI \u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8def\u5f84\u3001C++ \u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u843d\u5730\u7ec6\u8282\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u4e0e\u5e76\u53d1\u7684\u5b9e\u6218\u4f18\u5316\u601d\u8def\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ece\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u5230\u4e0a\u7ebf\u6392\u969c\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u95ed\u73af\u3002\u8bfb\u5b8c\u4f60\u81f3\u5c11\u80fd\u62ff\u5230\u4e00\u5957\u53ef\u590d\u7528\u7684\u6392\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u51e0\u6bb5\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u6284\u8fdb\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u9aa8\u67b6\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 AI \u65f6\u4ee3\u53cd\u800c\u66f4\u9700\u8981 Linux C\/C++<\/h3>\n

1.1 \u4e0a\u5c42\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5929\u82b1\u677f<\/h4>\n

\u5148\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cd\u76f4\u89c9\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba：\u5927\u591a\u6570 AI \u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888，\u4e0d\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u672c\u8eab，\u800c\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u4e4b\u5916\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u6b21\u5178\u578b\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42，\u6a21\u578b forward \u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u5360 30%~50% \u7684\u65f6\u95f4，\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u662f：\u7f51\u7edc\u6536\u5305\u3001\u534f\u8bae\u89e3\u6790\u3001tokenize\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u62f7\u8d1d\u3001\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u3001\u7ed3\u679c\u56de\u4f20\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u73af\u8282\u5168\u90e8\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u7528\u6237\u6001\u548c\u5185\u6838\u6001\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0a，\u800c\u8fb9\u754c\u5904\u7406\u6070\u6070\u662f C\/C++ \u7684\u4e3b\u573a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u505a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u6bd4\u6d4b\u8bd5，\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a BERT \u6a21\u578b，\u5206\u522b\u7528 Python Flask\u3001Go net\/http \u548c C++ epoll \u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u627f\u8f7d\u3002\u5728 4 \u6838 8G \u7684\u673a\u5668\u4e0a，\u7eaf\u6a21\u578b\u63a8\u7406\u8017\u65f6\u57fa\u672c\u4e00\u81f4（\u7ea6 18ms），\u4f46\u7aef\u5230\u7aef P99 \u5206\u522b\u662f 210ms\u300195ms\u300141ms\u3002\u5dee\u8ddd\u4e0d\u5728\u6a21\u578b，\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u94fe\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n

1.2 C\/C++ \u4e0d\u53ef\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/h4>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00，\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u548c\u63a8\u7406\u5f15\u64ce\u3002 PyTorch\u3001TensorFlow\u3001TensorRT\u3001ONNX Runtime，\u6838\u5fc3\u5168\u662f C++\u3002\u4f60\u8981\u6539\u7b97\u5b50\u3001\u505a\u56fe\u4f18\u5316\u3001\u63a5\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u786c\u4ef6，\u7ed5\u4e0d\u5f00 C++\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c，\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u3002 \u63a8\u7406\u7f51\u5173\u3001KV Cache \u670d\u52a1\u3001\u7279\u5f81\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u5411\u91cf\u68c0\u7d22\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u7d22\u5f15，\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bf9\u5ef6\u8fdf\u548c\u541e\u5410\u7684\u8981\u6c42，\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u5b83\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u8dd1\u5728 C\/C++ \u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e09，\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u6392\u969c\u3002 \u5f53\u670d\u52a1\u51fa\u73b0\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3001CPU \u6bdb\u523a\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u4e22\u5305\u65f6，\u6700\u7ec8\u80fd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u6839\u56e0\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u2014\u2014perf\u3001eBPF\u3001gdb\u3001valgrind\u2014\u2014\u7406\u89e3\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u7406\u89e3 Linux \u548c C\/C++ \u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4e0e\u6267\u884c\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

1.3 \u672c\u6587\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/h4>\n

\u672c\u6587\u4e0d\u6253\u7b97\u5199\u6210\u4e00\u672c Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u7f16\u7a0b\u6559\u79d1\u4e66，\u800c\u662f\u805a\u7126 AI \u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u9047\u5230\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u786c\u6838\u573a\u666f，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u573a\u666f\u90fd\u7ed9\u51fa\u53ef\u843d\u5730\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u6392\u67e5\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u5f53\u6210\u4e00\u4efd\u5b9e\u6218\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55，\u9047\u5230\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\u80fd\u5feb\u901f\u7ffb\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7ae0\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e8c\u3001Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u7f16\u7a0b：AI \u670d\u52a1\u7684\u9690\u5f62\u5730\u57fa<\/h3>\n

2.1 \u4ece\u4e00\u6b21\u63a8\u7406\u7f51\u5173\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6296\u52a8\u8bf4\u8d77<\/h4>\n

\u53bb\u5e74\u6211\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a8\u7406\u7f51\u5173\u7684\u91cd\u6784，\u4e0a\u7ebf\u540e P99 \u5ef6\u8fdf\u7a33\u5b9a\u5728 40ms \u5de6\u53f3，\u4f46\u6bcf\u9694\u5341\u51e0\u5206\u949f\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u6b21 200ms \u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u6bdb\u523a\u3002\u76d1\u63a7\u4e0a\u770b CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u90fd\u6ca1\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7528 perf top \u6293\u4e86\u4e00\u4f1a，\u53d1\u73b0 __softirqentry_text_start \u5360\u6bd4\u5f02\u5e38\u9ad8，\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7528 mpstat -P ALL 1 \u770b，\u53d1\u73b0 CPU0 \u7684 softirq \u5360\u6bd4\u5728\u6bdb\u523a\u671f\u95f4\u98d9\u5230 60% \u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u6839\u56e0\u5f88\u660e\u786e：\u6240\u6709\u7f51\u5361\u4e2d\u65ad\u90fd\u6253\u5728 CPU0 \u4e0a，\u5355\u6838\u5904\u7406 softirq \u6210\u4e86\u74f6\u9888，\u4e00\u65e6\u6d41\u91cf\u7a81\u53d1\u5c31\u6392\u961f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u5f00 RPS\/RFS，\u628a softirq \u5904\u7406\u5206\u6563\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u6838：<\/p>\n

# \u5f00\u542f RPS，\u5c06\u7f51\u5361 rx \u8f6f\u4e2d\u65ad\u5206\u6563\u5230 8 \u4e2a\u6838<\/span>
\necho<\/span> f ><\/span> \/sys\/class\/net\/eth0\/queues\/rx-0\/rps_cpus<\/p>\n

# \u5f00\u542f RFS，\u6309\u6d41\u5206\u6563，\u63d0\u5347 cache \u547d\u4e2d<\/span>
\necho<\/span> 32768<\/span> ><\/span> \/sys\/class\/net\/eth0\/queues\/rx-0\/rps_flow_cnt
\necho<\/span> 32768<\/span> ><\/span> \/proc\/sys\/net\/core\/rps_sock_flow_entries<\/p>\n

\u8c03\u5b8c\u4e4b\u540e\u6bdb\u523a\u57fa\u672c\u6d88\u5931，P99 \u7a33\u5b9a\u5728 45ms \u4ee5\u5185\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6848\u4f8b\u8bf4\u660e\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b：AI \u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u95ee\u9898，\u5f88\u591a\u4e0d\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u91cc，\u5728\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n

2.2 epoll \u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4f7f\u7528\u59ff\u52bf<\/h4>\n

\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u91cc，epoll \u662f\u7ed5\u4e0d\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u7684 epoll \u4ee3\u7801\u5199\u5f97\u5e76\u4e0d\u9ad8\u6548，\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a：ET \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u6ca1\u8bfb\u5b8c\u6570\u636e\u3001epoll_wait \u7684\u8d85\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u5904\u7406\u60ca\u7fa4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u6211\u5728\u7f51\u5173\u9879\u76ee\u91cc\u7528\u7684 epoll \u9aa8\u67b6，\u91c7\u7528 LT + \u975e\u963b\u585e + \u8fb9\u7f18\u89e6\u53d1\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f，\u91cd\u70b9\u5728\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u5065\u58ee\u6027：<\/p>\n

\/\/ epoll \u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u6838\u5fc3\u9aa8\u67b6<\/span>
\nclass<\/span> EventLoop<\/span> {<\/span>
\npublic<\/span>:<\/span>
\n EventLoop<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> :<\/span> epfd_<\/span>(<\/span>epoll_create1<\/span>(<\/span>EPOLL_CLOEXEC)<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>}<\/span><\/p>\n

bool<\/span> AddFd<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> fd,<\/span> uint32_t<\/span> events,<\/span> Handler*<\/span> h)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n epoll_event ev{<\/span>}<\/span>;<\/span>
\n ev.<\/span>events =<\/span> events;<\/span>
\n ev.<\/span>data.<\/span>ptr =<\/span> h;<\/span>
\n return<\/span> epoll_ctl<\/span>(<\/span>epfd_,<\/span> EPOLL_CTL_ADD,<\/span> fd,<\/span> &<\/span>ev)<\/span> ==<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

void<\/span> Run<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n constexpr<\/span> int<\/span> kMaxEvents =<\/span> 1024<\/span>;<\/span>
\n epoll_event events[<\/span>kMaxEvents]<\/span>;<\/span>
\n while<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>stop_)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n \/\/ \u8d85\u65f6\u8bbe\u4e3a -1 \u4f1a\u963b\u585e，\u8bbe\u4e3a 0 \u4f1a\u7a7a\u8f6c，100ms \u662f\u6298\u4e2d<\/span>
\n int<\/span> n =<\/span> epoll_wait<\/span>(<\/span>epfd_,<\/span> events,<\/span> kMaxEvents,<\/span> 100<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n if<\/span> (<\/span>n <<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n if<\/span> (<\/span>errno ==<\/span> EINTR)<\/span> continue<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u88ab\u4fe1\u53f7\u6253\u65ad，\u91cd\u8bd5<\/span>
\n break<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n for<\/span> (<\/span>int<\/span> i =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i <<\/span> n;<\/span> ++<\/span>i)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n auto<\/span>*<\/span> h =<\/span> static_cast<\/span><<\/span>Handler*<\/span>><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>events[<\/span>i]<\/span>.<\/span>data.<\/span>ptr)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n h-><\/span>Handle<\/span>(<\/span>events[<\/span>i]<\/span>.<\/span>events)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\nprivate<\/span>:<\/span>
\n int<\/span> epfd_;<\/span>
\n bool<\/span> stop_{<\/span>false<\/span>}<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u70b9：epoll_create1 \u5e26 EPOLL_CLOEXEC \u907f\u514d fd \u6cc4\u6f0f\u5230\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b；\u8d85\u65f6\u7528 100ms \u800c\u4e0d\u662f -1，\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7559\u51fa\u5904\u7406\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u548c\u4f18\u96c5\u9000\u51fa\u7684\u7a97\u53e3；EINTR \u5fc5\u987b\u91cd\u8bd5，\u5426\u5219\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7\u5c31\u80fd\u8ba9\u6574\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n

2.3 \u96f6\u62f7\u8d1d\u5728\u63a8\u7406\u94fe\u8def\u4e2d\u7684\u4ef7\u503c<\/h4>\n

\u63a8\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u7ecf\u5e38\u8981\u5904\u7406\u5927\u5757\u6570\u636e，\u6bd4\u5982\u51e0 MB \u7684\u7279\u5f81\u5411\u91cf\u6216\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\u4f20\u7edf read + write \u4f1a\u7ecf\u5386\u56db\u6b21\u62f7\u8d1d：\u78c1\u76d8\/\u7f51\u5361 \u2192 \u5185\u6838\u7f13\u51b2\u533a \u2192 \u7528\u6237\u7f13\u51b2\u533a \u2192 socket \u7f13\u51b2\u533a \u2192 \u7f51\u5361\u3002\u96f6\u62f7\u8d1d\u80fd\u628a\u4e2d\u95f4\u4e24\u6b21\u7701\u6389\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728 Linux \u4e0a\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662f sendfile \u548c splice\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u76f4\u63a5\u63a8\u5230 socket：<\/p>\n

\/\/ sendfile \u96f6\u62f7\u8d1d\u53d1\u9001\u6587\u4ef6\u5230 socket<\/span>
\nssize_t SendFileZeroCopy<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> sockfd,<\/span> int<\/span> filefd,<\/span> off_t offset,<\/span> size_t count)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n ssize_t sent =<\/span> sendfile<\/span>(<\/span>sockfd,<\/span> filefd,<\/span> &<\/span>offset,<\/span> count)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n if<\/span> (<\/span>sent <<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n \/\/ EAGAIN \u8868\u793a socket \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6ee1，\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u518c EPOLLOUT \u540e\u91cd\u8bd5<\/span>
\n if<\/span> (<\/span>errno ==<\/span> EAGAIN ||<\/span> errno ==<\/span> EWOULDBLOCK)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n return<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n return<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n return<\/span> sent;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6ce8\u610f sendfile \u8fd4\u56de EAGAIN \u65f6\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b80\u5355\u91cd\u8bd5，\u8981\u628a fd \u6302\u5230 epoll \u7684 EPOLLOUT \u4e0a，\u7b49\u53ef\u5199\u518d\u7ee7\u7eed\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ec6\u8282\u6211\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5199\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6f0f\u4e86，\u5bfc\u81f4\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u4e0b CPU \u7a7a\u8f6c\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e09\u3001C++ \u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u843d\u5730<\/h3>\n

3.1 \u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406：\u4ece new\/delete \u5230\u5bf9\u8c61\u6c60<\/h4>\n

C++ \u670d\u52a1\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u6210\u672c\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u3002malloc \u5728\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u4e0b\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u9501\u7ade\u4e89\u70ed\u70b9，\u5373\u4f7f tcmalloc\/jemalloc \u4e5f\u53ea\u80fd\u7f13\u89e3，\u4e0d\u80fd\u6839\u6cbb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u63a8\u7406\u7f51\u5173\u8fd9\u79cd"\u8bf7\u6c42\u77ed\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c0f\u3001\u9891\u7387\u9ad8"\u7684\u573a\u666f，\u5bf9\u8c61\u6c60\u662f\u6027\u4ef7\u6bd4\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5316\u7248\u7684\u65e0\u9501\u5bf9\u8c61\u6c60：<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u57fa\u4e8e TLS \u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u6c60，\u907f\u514d\u5168\u5c40\u9501<\/span>
\ntemplate<\/span> <<\/span>typename<\/span> T<\/span>,<\/span> size_t N =<\/span> 1024<\/span>><\/span>
\nclass<\/span> ObjectPool<\/span> {<\/span>
\npublic<\/span>:<\/span>
\n T*<\/span> Acquire<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n auto<\/span>&<\/span> local =<\/span> LocalFreeList<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n if<\/span> (<\/span>local.<\/span>empty<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n \/\/ \u672c\u5730\u7a7a\u95f2\u5217\u8868\u4e3a\u7a7a，\u4ece\u5168\u5c40\u6279\u91cf\u53d6<\/span>
\n Refill<\/span>(<\/span>local)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n T*<\/span> obj =<\/span> local.<\/span>back<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n local.<\/span>pop_back<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n return<\/span> obj;<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

void<\/span> Release<\/span>(<\/span>T*<\/span> obj)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n obj-><\/span>Reset<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u590d\u7528\u524d\u91cd\u7f6e\u72b6\u6001<\/span>
\n LocalFreeList<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>push_back<\/span>(<\/span>obj)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

private<\/span>:<\/span>
\n \/\/ \u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u7a7a\u95f2\u94fe\u8868，\u65e0\u9501<\/span>
\n static<\/span> std::<\/span>vector<<\/span>T*<\/span>><\/span>&<\/span> LocalFreeList<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n thread_local<\/span> std::<\/span>vector<<\/span>T*<\/span>><\/span> list;<\/span>
\n list.<\/span>reserve<\/span>(<\/span>N)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n return<\/span> list;<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

void<\/span> Refill<\/span>(<\/span>std::<\/span>vector<<\/span>T*<\/span>><\/span>&<\/span> local)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n std::<\/span>lock_guard<<\/span>std::<\/span>mutex><\/span> lk<\/span>(<\/span>mu_)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n for<\/span> (<\/span>size_t i =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i <<\/span> N \/<\/span> 2<\/span> &&<\/span> !<\/span>global_.<\/span>empty<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> ++<\/span>i)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n local.<\/span>push_back<\/span>(<\/span>global_.<\/span>back<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n global_.<\/span>pop_back<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

std::<\/span>mutex mu_;<\/span>
\n std::<\/span>vector<<\/span>T*<\/span>><\/span> global_;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f：\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7a7a\u95f2\u94fe\u8868，Acquire\/Release \u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u65e0\u9501；\u53ea\u6709\u672c\u5730\u7a7a\u4e86\u624d\u53bb\u5168\u5c40\u62ff\u4e00\u6279，\u9501\u7ade\u4e89\u88ab\u644a\u8584\u5230 1\/N\u3002\u5b9e\u6d4b\u5728 32 \u6838\u673a\u5668\u4e0a，\u6bd4\u76f4\u63a5 new\/delete \u7684\u5206\u914d\u5f00\u9500\u964d\u4f4e\u7ea6 70%\u3002<\/p>\n

3.2 \u5e76\u53d1\u6a21\u578b：\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u7528 one loop per thread<\/h4>\n

C++ \u5e76\u53d1\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u9009\u9879\u5f88\u591a：\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b + \u9501\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u3001one loop per thread\u3002\u6211\u5728\u7f51\u5173\u548c\u63a8\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u91cc\u6700\u7ec8\u9009\u4e86 one loop per thread，\u539f\u56e0\u6709\u4e09：<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u662f\u907f\u514d\u9501\u3002 \u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u56fa\u5b9a\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0a\u5904\u7406，\u8fde\u63a5\u5185\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u9501，\u903b\u8f91\u7b80\u5355\u4e14\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u662f cache \u53cb\u597d\u3002 \u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4e8b\u4ef6，\u8fde\u63a5\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5927\u6982\u7387\u5728 L1\/L2 cache \u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u662f\u6613\u4e8e\u6269\u5c55\u3002 \u8981\u52a0\u541e\u5410\u5c31\u52a0\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u914d\u5408 SO_REUSEPORT \u8ba9\u5185\u6838\u628a\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u5206\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684 listen fd \u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

\/\/ SO_REUSEPORT \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u76d1\u542c\u540c\u4e00\u7aef\u53e3<\/span>
\nint<\/span> CreateListenSocket<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> port,<\/span> int<\/span> backlog)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n int<\/span> fd =<\/span> socket<\/span>(<\/span>AF_INET,<\/span> SOCK_STREAM |<\/span> SOCK_NONBLOCK,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n int<\/span> opt =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
\n setsockopt<\/span>(<\/span>fd,<\/span> SOL_SOCKET,<\/span> SO_REUSEADDR,<\/span> &<\/span>opt,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>opt)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n \/\/ \u5173\u952e：\u8ba9\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5 bind \u540c\u4e00\u7aef\u53e3，\u5185\u6838\u8d1f\u8d23\u5206\u6d41<\/span>
\n setsockopt<\/span>(<\/span>fd,<\/span> SOL_SOCKET,<\/span> SO_REUSEPORT,<\/span> &<\/span>opt,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>opt)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

sockaddr_in addr{<\/span>}<\/span>;<\/span>
\n addr.<\/span>sin_family =<\/span> AF_INET;<\/span>
\n addr.<\/span>sin_addr.<\/span>s_addr =<\/span> INADDR_ANY;<\/span>
\n addr.<\/span>sin_port =<\/span> htons<\/span>(<\/span>port)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n bind<\/span>(<\/span>fd,<\/span> reinterpret_cast<\/span><<\/span>sockaddr*<\/span>><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>addr)<\/span>,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>addr)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n listen<\/span>(<\/span>fd,<\/span> backlog)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n return<\/span> fd;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6ce8\u610f SO_REUSEPORT \u7684\u5206\u6d41\u662f\u6309\u56db\u5143\u7ec4\u54c8\u5e0c\u505a\u7684，\u6bd4\u8f83\u5747\u5300，\u4f46\u8fde\u63a5\u8fc1\u79fb\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u6296\u52a8\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u573a\u666f\u5bf9\u8fde\u63a5\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u6781\u9ad8，\u8fd8\u662f\u7528\u5355 listen fd + \u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b accept \u5206\u53d1\u66f4\u7a33\u3002<\/p>\n

3.3 \u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u4f18\u5316：\u628a\u80fd\u7b97\u7684\u90fd\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u7b97\u5b8c<\/h4>\n

C++ \u76f8\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u4f18\u52bf\u662f\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5728 AI \u573a\u666f\u91cc，\u5f88\u591a\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3001\u5e38\u91cf\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u786e\u5b9a，\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u76f4\u63a5\u7528，\u7701\u6389\u5206\u652f\u548c\u67e5\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9645\u4f8b\u5b50：\u63a8\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u91cc\u7ecf\u5e38\u8981\u505a\u5f20\u91cf\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u68c0\u67e5\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u5199\u6cd5\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6 if \u5224\u65ad，\u7528 constexpr \u548c\u6a21\u677f\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u68c0\u67e5\u642c\u5230\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f：<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u7ef4\u5ea6\u68c0\u67e5，\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u96f6\u5f00\u9500<\/span>
\ntemplate<\/span> <<\/span>int<\/span> N><\/span>
\nstruct<\/span> TensorShape<\/span> {<\/span>
\n static_assert<\/span>(<\/span>N ><\/span> 0<\/span> &&<\/span> N <=<\/span> 8<\/span>,<\/span> "unsupported rank"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n int<\/span> dims[<\/span>N]<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

constexpr<\/span> int<\/span> Rank<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> const<\/span> {<\/span> return<\/span> N;<\/span> }<\/span>
\n constexpr<\/span> size_t NumElements<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> const<\/span> {<\/span>
\n size_t total =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
\n for<\/span> (<\/span>int<\/span> i =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i <<\/span> N;<\/span> ++<\/span>i)<\/span> total *=<\/span> dims[<\/span>i]<\/span>;<\/span>
\n return<\/span> total;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ \u4f7f\u7528：\u7ef4\u5ea6\u9519\u8bef\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u5c31\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519<\/span>
\nTensorShape<<\/span>4<\/span>><\/span> shape{<\/span>{<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 3<\/span>,<\/span> 224<\/span>,<\/span> 224<\/span>}<\/span>}<\/span>;<\/span>
\nstatic_assert<\/span>(<\/span>shape.<\/span>NumElements<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> ==<\/span> 150528<\/span>,<\/span> "shape mismatch"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

constexpr \u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7528\u9014\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u54c8\u5e0c\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u89e3\u6790\u3002\u628a\u914d\u7f6e key \u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u54c8\u5e0c\u6210\u6574\u6570，\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u67e5\u8868\u4ece\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6bd4\u8f83\u53d8\u6210\u6574\u6570\u6bd4\u8f83，\u5728\u70ed\u8def\u5f84\u4e0a\u6536\u76ca\u660e\u663e\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u56db\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u4e0e\u5e76\u53d1\u7684\u5b9e\u6218\u4f18\u5316<\/h3>\n

4.1 NUMA：\u591a\u8def\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7ed5\u4e0d\u8fc7\u7684\u5751<\/h4>\n

\u73b0\u5728\u63a8\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u52a8\u8f84 64 \u6838\u3001128 \u6838，\u57fa\u672c\u662f\u591a\u8def NUMA \u67b6\u6784\u3002\u8de8 NUMA \u8282\u70b9\u8bbf\u5b58\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u662f\u672c\u5730\u8bbf\u5b58\u7684 1.5~2 \u500d，\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u548c\u5b83\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9，\u6027\u80fd\u4f1a\u83ab\u540d\u5176\u5999\u5730\u6389\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u9047\u5230\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u6848\u4f8b：\u4e00\u4e2a 128 \u6838\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u670d\u52a1，CPU \u5229\u7528\u7387\u53ea\u6709 50%，\u4f46\u541e\u5410\u4e0a\u4e0d\u53bb\u3002\u7528 numastat \u4e00\u770b，\u8de8\u8282\u70b9\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u5360\u6bd4 40%\u3002\u6839\u56e0\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed1\u5b9a CPU，\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\u8282\u70b9，\u5185\u6838\u968f\u673a\u8c03\u5ea6\u5bfc\u81f4\u7ebf\u7a0b\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u9519\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u663e\u5f0f\u7ed1\u5b9a：<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u6307\u5b9a NUMA \u8282\u70b9\u7684 CPU<\/span>
\nvoid<\/span> BindToNumaNode<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> node)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n \/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u7684 CPU \u5217\u8868<\/span>
\n struct<\/span> bitmask<\/span>*<\/span> cpus =<\/span> numa_allocate_cpumask<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n numa_node_to_cpus<\/span>(<\/span>node,<\/span> cpus)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ \u7ed1\u5b9a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b CPU<\/span>
\n numa_sched_setaffinity<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> cpus)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ \u540e\u7eed\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u4f18\u5148\u4ece\u672c\u8282\u70b9\u53d6<\/span>
\n numa_set_preferred<\/span>(<\/span>node)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ \u5efa\u8bae：\u540c\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u7b56\u7565\u4e3a bind，\u907f\u514d\u8de8\u8282\u70b9<\/span>
\n unsigned<\/span> long<\/span> nodemask =<\/span> 1UL<\/span> <<<\/span> node;<\/span>
\n set_mempolicy<\/span>(<\/span>MPOL_BIND,<\/span> &<\/span>nodemask,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>nodemask)<\/span> *<\/span> 8<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

numa_free_cpumask<\/span>(<\/span>cpus)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\u914d\u5408\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u4f7f\u7528，\u6bcf\u4e2a worker \u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ed1\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9，\u6548\u679c\u7acb\u7aff\u89c1\u5f71\u3002\u4e0a\u9762\u90a3\u4e2a\u6848\u4f8b\u4f18\u5316\u540e，CPU \u5229\u7528\u7387\u964d\u5230 65%，\u541e\u5410\u63d0\u5347 35%，P99 \u964d\u4f4e 22%\u3002<\/p>\n

4.2 false sharing：\u770b\u4e0d\u89c1\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6740\u624b<\/h4>\n

\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u91cc，\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9891\u7e41\u5199\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a cache line \u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u53d8\u91cf，\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4 cache line \u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u6838\u4e4b\u95f4\u53cd\u590d\u5f39\u8df3，\u6027\u80fd\u6bd4\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8fd8\u5dee\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f false sharing\u3002<\/p>\n

\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cd\u4f8b：<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u9519\u8bef\u793a\u8303：\u4e24\u4e2a\u9ad8\u9891\u5199\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u6328\u5728\u4e00\u8d77<\/span>
\nstruct<\/span> Counters<\/span> {<\/span>
\n std::<\/span>atomic<<\/span>uint64_t<\/span>><\/span> req_count;<\/span> \/\/ \u7ebf\u7a0b A \u5199<\/span>
\n std::<\/span>atomic<<\/span>uint64_t<\/span>><\/span> err_count;<\/span> \/\/ \u7ebf\u7a0b B \u5199<\/span>
\n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

req_count \u548c err_count \u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a cache line（\u901a\u5e38 64 \u5b57\u8282）\u4e0a，\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5199\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u53d8\u91cf，\u5374\u4f1a\u4e92\u76f8 invalidate \u5bf9\u65b9\u7684 cache line\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4fee\u6cd5\u662f\u505a padding，\u628a\u53d8\u91cf\u5bf9\u9f50\u5230\u72ec\u7acb\u7684 cache line：<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u6b63\u786e\u505a\u6cd5：cache line \u5bf9\u9f50<\/span>
\nstruct<\/span> alignas<\/span>(<\/span>64<\/span>)<\/span> PaddedCounter {<\/span>
\n std::<\/span>atomic<<\/span>uint64_t<\/span>><\/span> value{<\/span>0<\/span>}<\/span>;<\/span>
\n char<\/span> padding[<\/span>64<\/span> –<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>std::<\/span>atomic<<\/span>uint64_t<\/span>><\/span>)<\/span>]<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

struct<\/span> Counters<\/span> {<\/span>
\n PaddedCounter req_count;<\/span>
\n PaddedCounter err_count;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f18\u5316\u5728\u5c0f\u6d41\u91cf\u4e0b\u770b\u4e0d\u51fa\u6765，\u4e00\u65e6 QPS \u4e0a\u4e07，\u6536\u76ca\u975e\u5e38\u660e\u663e\u3002\u6211\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edf\u8ba1\u6a21\u5757\u91cc\u52a0\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6539\u52a8，CPU \u5f00\u9500\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u7ea6 15%\u3002<\/p>\n

4.3 \u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d：\u4ece top \u5230 valgrind \u5230 eBPF<\/h4>\n

C++ \u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u6392\u67e5，\u6211\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u6d41\u7a0b\u662f\u4e09\u6b65：<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65，top \u6216 pmap \u786e\u8ba4\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u662f\u7f13\u6162\u589e\u957f，\u57fa\u672c\u5c31\u662f\u6cc4\u6f0f；\u5982\u679c\u662f\u952f\u9f7f\u72b6，\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5206\u914d\u5668\u6ca1\u5f52\u8fd8，\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u771f\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65，valgrind –leak-check=full \u5b9a\u4f4d\u3002 \u9002\u5408\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u590d\u73b0，\u4f46\u6027\u80fd\u5f00\u9500\u5927，\u7ebf\u4e0a\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65，\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7528 eBPF \u6293\u5206\u914d\u6808\u3002 \u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u8fd1\u4e24\u5e74\u6211\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u624b\u6bb5，memleak \u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8ddf\u8e2a\u672a\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u7684\u5206\u914d：<\/p>\n

# \u8ddf\u8e2a 5 \u79d2\u5185\u672a\u91ca\u653e\u7684\u5206\u914d，\u6309\u8c03\u7528\u6808\u805a\u5408<\/span>
\nmemleak-bpfcc -p<\/span> $(<\/span>pidof inference_server)<\/span><\/span> 5<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5b83\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6cc4\u6f0f\u70b9\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u6808，\u6bd4 valgrind \u66f4\u8d34\u8fd1\u7ebf\u4e0a\u771f\u5b9e\u573a\u666f\u3002\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u591f\u65b0（4.9+）\u4e14\u5f00\u542f\u4e86 BTF\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e94\u3001\u4ece\u5f00\u53d1\u5230\u4e0a\u7ebf：\u5b8c\u6574\u95ed\u73af<\/h3>\n

5.1 \u65e5\u5fd7\u4e0e\u76d1\u63a7：\u522b\u7b49\u5230\u51fa\u4e8b\u624d\u52a0<\/h4>\n

AI \u670d\u52a1\u7684\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027，\u6211\u7684\u539f\u5219\u662f：\u80fd\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u671f\u57cb\u7684\u70b9，\u4e0d\u8981\u62d6\u5230\u4e0a\u7ebf\u540e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5177\u4f53\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u5206\u4e09\u5c42：\u8bf7\u6c42\u7ea7\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55 trace_id \u548c\u5173\u952e\u8017\u65f6\u8282\u70b9；\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u6307\u6807\u7528 procfs \u76f4\u63a5\u8bfb，\u4e0d\u5f15\u5165\u989d\u5916\u4f9d\u8d56；\u5185\u6838\u7ea7\u7528 eBPF \u505a\u4f4e\u5f00\u9500\u91c7\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u8017\u65f6\u7edf\u8ba1，\u7528 RAII \u4fdd\u8bc1\u5f02\u5e38\u5b89\u5168<\/span>
\nclass<\/span> ScopedTimer<\/span> {<\/span>
\npublic<\/span>:<\/span>
\n ScopedTimer<\/span>(<\/span>const<\/span> char<\/span>*<\/span> name,<\/span> Metrics*<\/span> m)<\/span>
\n :<\/span> name_<\/span>(<\/span>name)<\/span>,<\/span> metrics_<\/span>(<\/span>m)<\/span>,<\/span> start_<\/span>(<\/span>std::<\/span>chrono::<\/span>steady_clock::<\/span>now<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>}<\/span><\/p>\n

~<\/span>ScopedTimer<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n auto<\/span> cost =<\/span> std::<\/span>chrono::<\/span>steady_clock::<\/span>now<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> –<\/span> start_;<\/span>
\n auto<\/span> us =<\/span> std::<\/span>chrono::<\/span>duration_cast<\/span><<\/span>std::<\/span>chrono::<\/span>microseconds><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>cost)<\/span>.<\/span>count<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n metrics_-><\/span>Record<\/span>(<\/span>name_,<\/span> us)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\nprivate<\/span>:<\/span>
\n const<\/span> char<\/span>*<\/span> name_;<\/span>
\n Metrics*<\/span> metrics_;<\/span>
\n std::<\/span>chrono::<\/span>steady_clock::<\/span>time_point start_;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ \u4f7f\u7528：\u51fd\u6570\u9000\u51fa\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u8bb0\u5f55\u8017\u65f6<\/span>
\nvoid<\/span> HandleInference<\/span>(<\/span>Request&<\/span> req)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n ScopedTimer t<\/span>(<\/span>"inference_total"<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>g_metrics)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n \/\/ … \u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

5.2 \u7070\u5ea6\u4e0e\u56de\u6eda：C++ \u670d\u52a1\u7684\u53d1\u5e03\u7b56\u7565<\/h4>\n

C++ \u670d\u52a1\u6ca1\u6709\u865a\u62df\u673a\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u9694\u79bb，\u53d1\u5e03\u98ce\u9669\u6bd4\u811a\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\u9ad8\u3002\u6211\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u53cc buffer \u914d\u7f6e + \u5e73\u6ed1\u91cd\u542f：<\/p>\n

\u914d\u7f6e\u7528\u53cc buffer，\u8bfb\u5199\u5206\u79bb，\u66f4\u65b0\u65f6\u539f\u5b50\u5207\u6362\u6307\u9488，\u907f\u514d\u9501：<\/p>\n

class<\/span> ConfigManager<\/span> {<\/span>
\npublic<\/span>:<\/span>
\n std::<\/span>shared_ptr<<\/span>const<\/span> Config><\/span> Get<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> const<\/span> {<\/span>
\n return<\/span> std::<\/span>atomic_load<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>config_)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u65e0\u9501\u8bfb<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

void<\/span> Update<\/span>(<\/span>std::<\/span>shared_ptr<<\/span>Config><\/span> new_cfg)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n std::<\/span>atomic_store<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>config_,<\/span> std::<\/span>move<\/span>(<\/span>new_cfg)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u539f\u5b50\u66ff\u6362<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\nprivate<\/span>:<\/span>
\n std::<\/span>shared_ptr<<\/span>const<\/span> Config><\/span> config_;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5e73\u6ed1\u91cd\u542f\u5219\u4f9d\u8d56 SO_REUSEPORT：\u65b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5148\u8d77\u6765\u76d1\u542c\u540c\u4e00\u7aef\u53e3，\u8001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u505c\u6b62 accept，\u7b49\u5b58\u91cf\u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u518d\u9000\u51fa\u3002\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5bf9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u65e0\u611f\u77e5\u3002<\/p>\n

5.3 \u4e00\u6b21\u7ebf\u4e0a\u4e8b\u6545\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u590d\u76d8<\/h4>\n

\u6700\u540e\u8bb2\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u4e8b\u6545\u3002\u67d0\u5929\u51cc\u6668\u63a8\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5927\u9762\u79ef\u8d85\u65f6，\u76d1\u63a7\u663e\u793a CPU \u6b63\u5e38\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u6b63\u5e38\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u6b63\u5e38，\u4f46 P99 \u4ece 50ms \u6da8\u5230 3s\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6392\u67e5\u8fc7\u7a0b：\u5148\u7528 ss -s \u770b\u8fde\u63a5\u72b6\u6001，\u53d1\u73b0 TIME_WAIT \u6570\u91cf\u5f02\u5e38\u9ad8，\u8fbe\u5230 6 \u4e07+；\u518d\u7528 netstat -n | awk '\/^tcp\/ {++S[$NF]} END {for(a in S) print a, S[a]}' \u786e\u8ba4；\u6700\u540e\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u662f\u77ed\u8fde\u63a5\u592a\u591a，\u7aef\u53e3\u8017\u5c3d\u5bfc\u81f4\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u4e0d\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6839\u56e0\u662f\u4e0a\u6e38\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6ca1\u6709\u590d\u7528\u8fde\u63a5，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a TCP\u3002\u4fee\u590d\u5206\u4e24\u6b65：\u4e00\u662f\u8c03\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u7f13\u89e3，\u4e8c\u662f\u63a8\u52a8\u4e0a\u6e38\u6539\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u3002<\/p>\n

# \u7d27\u6025\u7f13\u89e3<\/span>
\nsysctl<\/span> -w<\/span> net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse<\/span>=<\/span>1<\/span>
\nsysctl<\/span> -w<\/span> net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range<\/span>=<\/span>"10000 65000"<\/span>
\nsysctl<\/span> -w<\/span> net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets<\/span>=<\/span>200000<\/span><\/p>\n

# \u6839\u672c\u89e3\u51b3：\u4e0a\u6e38\u6539\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60，\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5f00\u542f keepalive<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u6545\u7684\u6559\u8bad\u662f：C\/C++ \u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6392\u969c，\u4e00\u534a\u65f6\u95f4\u5728\u4ee3\u7801，\u4e00\u534a\u65f6\u95f4\u5728\u5185\u6838\u3002 \u5e73\u65f6\u628a\u5173\u952e\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u76d1\u63a7\u6307\u6807\u68b3\u7406\u6e05\u695a，\u51fa\u4e8b\u65f6\u80fd\u7701\u4e0b\u5927\u91cf\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u516d\u3001\u907f\u5751\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00，\u4e0d\u8981\u5728\u70ed\u8def\u5f84\u4e0a\u7528 malloc\u3002 \u5bf9\u8c61\u6c60\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u6c60\u3001arena，\u9009\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e0a，\u6536\u76ca\u8fdc\u8d85\u4f60\u7684\u9884\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c，\u591a\u6838\u673a\u5668\u5148\u67e5 NUMA\u3002 \u6027\u80fd\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u9884\u671f\u65f6，numastat \u548c perf \u6bd4\u8bfb\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u5feb\u627e\u5230\u7b54\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e09，cache line \u5bf9\u9f50\u4e0d\u662f\u7384\u5b66\u3002 \u9ad8\u9891\u5199\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u8be5 padding \u5c31 padding，\u522b\u7701\u90a3\u70b9\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u56db，epoll \u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\u8981\u5904\u7406\u5168\u3002 EINTR\u3001EAGAIN\u3001EPOLLHUP\u3001EPOLLERR，\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u90fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u8fc7\u7ebf\u4e0a\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e94，\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u662f\u9b54\u6cd5\u3002 somaxconn\u3001tcp_tw_reuse\u3001rmem_max，\u7406\u89e3\u5b83\u4eec\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u673a\u5236\u518d\u8c03，\u522b\u6284\u7f51\u4e0a\u7684"\u4e07\u80fd\u4f18\u5316"\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u516d，\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u8981\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u671f\u57cb\u3002 \u7b49\u51fa\u4e8b\u518d\u52a0\u65e5\u5fd7\u548c\u6307\u6807，\u6210\u672c\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u671f\u7684\u5341\u500d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e03，\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u80fd\u505a\u7684\u522b\u7559\u5230\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u3002 constexpr\u3001\u6a21\u677f\u3001static_assert，C++ \u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u8981\u7528\u8db3\u3002<\/p>\n

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