{"id":112729,"date":"2026-10-04T17:56:58","date_gmt":"2026-10-04T09:56:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/112729.html"},"modified":"2026-10-04T17:56:58","modified_gmt":"2026-10-04T09:56:58","slug":"linux-%e8%bf%9b%e7%a8%8b%e9%97%b4%e9%80%9a%e4%bf%a1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/112729.html","title":{"rendered":"linux \u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>\u4e00\u3001IPC \u603b\u89c8<\/h3>\n<h4>1. IPC \u76ee\u7684<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93&#xff1a;\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u628a\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u7ed9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8d44\u6e90\u5171\u4eab&#xff1a;\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u901a\u77e5\u4e8b\u4ef6&#xff1a;\u901a\u77e5\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u4e00\u7ec4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u67d0\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236&#xff1a;\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u5982 Debug \u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2. IPC \u53d1\u5c55<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7ba1\u9053<\/li>\n<li>System V IPC<\/li>\n<li>POSIX IPC<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>3. IPC \u5206\u7c7b<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7ba1\u9053\n<ul>\n<li>\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053&#xff1a;pipe<\/li>\n<li>\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053&#xff1a;FIFO\u3001mkfifo<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>System V IPC\n<ul>\n<li>\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217<\/li>\n<li>\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58<\/li>\n<li>\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>POSIX IPC\n<ul>\n<li>\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf<\/li>\n<li>\u4e92\u65a5\u91cf\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u8bfb\u5199\u9501<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>4. \u672c\u8282\u91cd\u70b9<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u638c\u63e1\u533f\u540d\/\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7f16\u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u638c\u63e1\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e86\u89e3\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7406\u89e3\u5185\u6838\u5982\u4f55\u7ba1\u7406 IPC \u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e86\u89e3 C\/C&#043;&#043; \u4e2d\u56de\u8c03\u3001\u591a\u6001\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u4e2d\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u7ba1\u9053<\/h3>\n<h4>1. \u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053 pipe<\/h4>\n<p>\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">pipe<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> fd<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>fd[0]&#xff1a;\u8bfb\u7aef<\/li>\n<li>fd[1]&#xff1a;\u5199\u7aef<\/li>\n<li>\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de 0&#xff0c;\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u672c\u8d28&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7ba1\u9053\u662f\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5757\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b&#xff0c;\u7ba1\u9053\u4e5f\u50cf\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u7b26\u5408\u201cLinux \u4e00\u5207\u7686\u6587\u4ef6\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8bfb\u5199\u7ba1\u9053\u4f7f\u7528 read\u3001write\u3001close\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>fork \u540e\u5171\u4eab\u7ba1\u9053&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u7ba1\u9053\u3002<\/li>\n<li>fork \u540e\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ee7\u627f fd[0]\u3001fd[1]\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u901a\u5e38\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5173\u95ed\u8bfb\u7aef&#xff0c;\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5173\u95ed\u5199\u7aef&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u73b0\u5355\u5411\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u53cc\u5411\u901a\u4fe1\u9700\u8981\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ba1\u9053\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7ba1\u9053\u7279\u70b9&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u6709\u4eb2\u7f18\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7236\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u534a\u53cc\u5de5&#xff0c;\u6570\u636e\u5355\u5411\u6d41\u52a8\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u63d0\u4f9b\u6d41\u5f0f\u670d\u52a1&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u6d88\u606f\u8fb9\u754c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u968f\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u7ba1\u9053\u91ca\u653e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5185\u6838\u4f1a\u5bf9\u7ba1\u9053\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fdb\u884c\u540c\u6b65\u4e0e\u4e92\u65a5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5199\u7aef\u5168\u5173&#xff0c;read \u8fd4\u56de 0\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8bfb\u7aef\u5168\u5173&#xff0c;write \u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f SIGPIPE\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2. \u7ba1\u9053\u8bfb\u5199\u89c4\u5219<\/h4>\n<p>\u6ca1\u6709\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u8bfb&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>O_NONBLOCK \u5173\u95ed&#xff1a;read \u963b\u585e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>O_NONBLOCK \u5f00\u542f&#xff1a;read \u8fd4\u56de -1&#xff0c;errno &#061; EAGAIN\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7ba1\u9053\u6ee1&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>O_NONBLOCK \u5173\u95ed&#xff1a;write \u963b\u585e&#xff0c;\u76f4\u5230\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8bfb\u8d70\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>O_NONBLOCK \u5f00\u542f&#xff1a;write \u8fd4\u56de -1&#xff0c;errno &#061; EAGAIN\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5173\u95ed\u60c5\u51b5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6240\u6709\u5199\u7aef\u5173\u95ed&#xff1a;read \u8fd4\u56de 0\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6240\u6709\u8bfb\u7aef\u5173\u95ed&#xff1a;write \u89e6\u53d1 SIGPIPE&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u539f\u5b50\u6027&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u91cf &lt;&#061; PIPE_BUF&#xff1a;Linux \u4fdd\u8bc1\u5199\u5165\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u91cf &gt; PIPE_BUF&#xff1a;\u4e0d\u4fdd\u8bc1\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>3. \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053 FIFO<\/h4>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">mkfifo<\/span> filename<\/p>\n<p>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5185&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">mkfifo<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">const<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">char<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>filename<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">mode_t<\/span> mode<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u7279\u70b9&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u65e0\u4eb2\u7f18\u5173\u7cfb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u7528 pipe \u521b\u5efa\u5e76\u6253\u5f00&#xff1b;\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u7528 mkfifo \u521b\u5efa&#xff0c;\u7528 open \u6253\u5f00\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c&#xff0c;\u4f46\u6253\u5f00\u4e4b\u540e\u8bed\u4e49\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6253\u5f00\u89c4\u5219&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8bfb\u6253\u5f00&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>O_NONBLOCK \u5173\u95ed&#xff1a;\u963b\u585e&#xff0c;\u76f4\u5230\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e3a\u5199\u800c\u6253\u5f00 FIFO\u3002<\/li>\n<li>O_NONBLOCK \u5f00\u542f&#xff1a;\u7acb\u523b\u8fd4\u56de\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5199\u6253\u5f00&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>O_NONBLOCK \u5173\u95ed&#xff1a;\u963b\u585e&#xff0c;\u76f4\u5230\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e3a\u8bfb\u800c\u6253\u5f00 FIFO\u3002<\/li>\n<li>O_NONBLOCK \u5f00\u542f&#xff1a;\u7acb\u523b\u8fd4\u56de\u5931\u8d25&#xff0c;\u9519\u8bef\u7801 ENXIO\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5178\u578b\u7528\u9014&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6587\u4ef6\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>server\/client \u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u4e09\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60<\/h3>\n<p>\u76ee\u6807&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u9884\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u8fc7\u7ba1\u9053\u5411\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6d3e\u53d1\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u907f\u514d\u9891\u7e41 fork&#xff0c;\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6838\u5fc3\u7ed3\u6784&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Channel&#xff1a;\u5c01\u88c5\u5199\u7aef fd\u3001\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b pid&#xff0c;\u63d0\u4f9b Send\u3001Close\u3002<\/li>\n<li>ProcessPool&#xff1a;\u8d1f\u8d23\u521b\u5efa\u7ba1\u9053\u3001fork \u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u4fdd\u5b58 channel\u3001\u6d3e\u53d1\u4efb\u52a1\u3001\u6e05\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<li>TaskManager&#xff1a;\u4efb\u52a1\u51fd\u6570\u8868&#xff0c;\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u4efb\u52a1\u7f16\u53f7\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Worker&#xff1a;\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5faa\u73af\u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u8bfb\u4efb\u52a1\u7f16\u53f7\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Main&#xff1a;\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u3001\u6d3e\u53d1\u4efb\u52a1\u3001\u6e05\u7406\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5173\u952e\u6d41\u7a0b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u7ba1\u9053\u3002<\/li>\n<li>fork \u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5173\u95ed\u5386\u53f2\u5199\u7aef&#xff0c;\u5173\u95ed\u5f53\u524d\u7ba1\u9053\u5199\u7aef&#xff0c;dup2(pipefd[0], 0)&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884c Worker\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5173\u95ed\u8bfb\u7aef&#xff0c;\u4fdd\u5b58\u5199\u7aef\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8f6e\u8be2\u9009\u62e9 Channel&#xff0c;\u53d1\u9001\u4efb\u52a1\u7f16\u53f7\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6e05\u7406\u65f6\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5173\u95ed\u6240\u6709\u5199\u7aef&#xff0c;\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b read \u8fd4\u56de 0 \u540e\u9000\u51fa&#xff0c;\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b waitpid \u56de\u6536\u3002<\/li>\n<p>\u8981\u70b9&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ea\u4fdd\u7559\u8bfb\u7aef&#xff0c;\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ea\u4fdd\u7559\u5199\u7aef\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7ba1\u9053\u7528\u4e8e\u4efb\u52a1\u6d3e\u53d1\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570 std::function \u4f53\u73b0\u591a\u6001\u601d\u60f3\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6e05\u7406\u65f6\u5173\u95ed\u5199\u7aef\u662f\u8ba9\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u56db\u3001System V \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58<\/h3>\n<p>\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u6700\u5feb\u7684 IPC \u5f62\u5f0f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u540e&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9012\u4e0d\u518d\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5185\u6838\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u50cf\u8bbf\u95ee\u666e\u901a\u5185\u5b58\u4e00\u6837\u8bfb\u5199\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>1. \u76f8\u5173\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n<h5>shmget<\/h5>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">shmget<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">key_t<\/span> key<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">size_t<\/span> size<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> shmflg<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u7528&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u6216\u83b7\u53d6\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u53c2\u6570&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>key&#xff1a;\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u540d\u5b57&#xff0c;\u901a\u5e38\u7528 ftok \u751f\u6210\u3002<\/li>\n<li>size&#xff1a;\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>shmflg&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>IPC_CREAT&#xff1a;\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u521b\u5efa&#xff0c;\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u83b7\u53d6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>IPC_CREAT | IPC_EXCL&#xff1a;\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u521b\u5efa&#xff0c;\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u62a5\u9519\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6743\u9650\u6807\u5fd7\u5982 0666\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8fd4\u56de\u503c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26 shmid\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de -1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>shmat<\/h5>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span><span class=\"token function\">shmat<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> shmid<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">const<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>shmaddr<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> shmflg<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u7528&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5c06\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u53c2\u6570&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>shmid&#xff1a;\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6807\u8bc6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>shmaddr&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>NULL&#xff1a;\u5185\u6838\u81ea\u52a8\u9009\u62e9\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u975e NULL&#xff1a;\u6309\u89c4\u5219\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>shmflg&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>SHM_RND<\/li>\n<li>SHM_RDONLY<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8fd4\u56de\u503c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5411\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u9996\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de -1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>shmdt<\/h5>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">shmdt<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">const<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>shmaddr<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u7528&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5c06\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5\u4e0e\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8131\u79bb\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>shmdt \u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u5220\u9664\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u53ea\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u518d\u6620\u5c04\u5b83\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>shmctl<\/h5>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">shmctl<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> shmid<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> cmd<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">shmid_ds<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>buf<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>IPC_STAT&#xff1a;\u83b7\u53d6\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/li>\n<li>IPC_SET&#xff1a;\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/li>\n<li>IPC_RMID&#xff1a;\u5220\u9664\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2. \u4f7f\u7528\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<p>ftok \u751f\u6210 key<br \/>\n  \u2193<br \/>\nshmget \u521b\u5efa\/\u83b7\u53d6\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58<br \/>\n  \u2193<br \/>\nshmat \u6302\u63a5\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4<br \/>\n  \u2193<br \/>\n\u8bfb\u5199\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58<br \/>\n  \u2193<br \/>\nshmdt \u53bb\u5173\u8054<br \/>\n  \u2193<br \/>\nshmctl(IPC_RMID) \u5220\u9664<\/p>\n<h4>3. \u91cd\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u70b9<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6ca1\u6709\u540c\u6b65\u4e0e\u4e92\u65a5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u5e76\u53d1\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u9700\u8981\u914d\u5408\u7ba1\u9053\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u7b49\u5b9e\u73b0\u8bbf\u95ee\u987a\u5e8f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>IPC \u8d44\u6e90\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u968f\u5185\u6838&#xff0c;\u5fc5\u987b\u663e\u5f0f\u5220\u9664&#xff0c;\u5426\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6e05\u9664&#xff0c;\u9664\u975e\u91cd\u542f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u67e5\u770b\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58&#xff1a;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>ipcs <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-m<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5220\u9664&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>ipcrm <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-m<\/span> shmid<\/p>\n<h4>4. \u793a\u4f8b\u601d\u8def<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>server \u521b\u5efa\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u5e76\u521b\u5efa FIFO\u3002<\/li>\n<li>client \u83b7\u53d6\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u901a\u8fc7 FIFO \u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236&#xff0c;\u8ba9 server \u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>server \u6700\u540e shmdt&#xff0c;\u518d shmctl(IPC_RMID) \u5220\u9664\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u4e94\u3001System V \u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217&#xff08;\u4e86\u89e3&#xff09;<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5411\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u5757\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5757\u90fd\u6709\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u63a5\u6536\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7c7b\u578b\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>IPC \u8d44\u6e90\u5fc5\u987b\u5220\u9664&#xff0c;\u5426\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6e05\u9664\u3002<\/li>\n<li>System V IPC \u8d44\u6e90\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u968f\u5185\u6838\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u516d\u3001System V \u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf&#xff08;\u4e86\u89e3&#xff09;<\/h3>\n<p>\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u540c\u6b65\u548c\u4e92\u65a5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90&#xff1a;\u591a\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u4efd\u516c\u5171\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e34\u754c\u8d44\u6e90&#xff1a;\u88ab\u4fdd\u62a4\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e34\u754c\u533a&#xff1a;\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e34\u754c\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e92\u65a5&#xff1a;\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u523b\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u8bbf\u95ee\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u540c\u6b65&#xff1a;\u591a\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e34\u754c\u8d44\u6e90\u65f6\u5177\u6709\u987a\u5e8f\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u7406\u89e3&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f5c\u7528&#xff1a;\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e34\u754c\u533a\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u672c\u8d28&#xff1a;\u5bf9\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u9884\u8ba2\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n<li>P \u64cd\u4f5c&#xff1a;\u7533\u8bf7\u8d44\u6e90&#xff0c;\u8ba1\u6570\u5668 &#8211;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>V \u64cd\u4f5c&#xff1a;\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90&#xff0c;\u8ba1\u6570\u5668 &#043;&#043;\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u4e03\u3001\u5185\u6838\u5982\u4f55\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ba1\u7406 IPC \u8d44\u6e90<\/h3>\n<p>\u53c2\u8003 Linux 2.6.18 \u5185\u6838\u6e90\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u952e\u7ed3\u6784&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>struct ipc_ids\n<ul>\n<li>in_use<\/li>\n<li>max_id<\/li>\n<li>seq<\/li>\n<li>mutex<\/li>\n<li>ipc_id_ary<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>struct ipc_id_ary\n<ul>\n<li>size<\/li>\n<li>struct kern_ipc_perm *p[0]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>struct kern_ipc_perm\n<ul>\n<li>lock<\/li>\n<li>deleted<\/li>\n<li>key<\/li>\n<li>uid<\/li>\n<li>gid<\/li>\n<li>cuid<\/li>\n<li>cgid<\/li>\n<li>mode<\/li>\n<li>seq<\/li>\n<li>security<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5177\u4f53\u8d44\u6e90\u7ed3\u6784&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217&#xff1a;struct msg_queue<\/li>\n<li>\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf&#xff1a;struct sem_array<\/li>\n<li>\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58&#xff1a;struct shmid_kernel<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7406\u89e3&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5185\u6838\u7528\u7edf\u4e00\u7684 kern_ipc_perm \u7ba1\u7406 IPC \u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u6743\u9650\u548c\u516c\u5171\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5177\u4f53\u8d44\u6e90\u7ed3\u6784\u5185\u5d4c kern_ipc_perm&#xff0c;\u7c7b\u4f3c\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u7ee7\u627f\u201d\u6216\u201c\u591a\u6001\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e00\u3001IPC \u603b\u89c8<br \/>\n1. IPC \u76ee\u7684<br \/>\n\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93&#xff1a;\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u628a\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u7ed9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u8d44\u6e90\u5171\u4eab&#xff1a;\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u901a\u77e5\u4e8b\u4ef6&#xff1a;\u901a\u77e5\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u4e00\u7ec4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u67d0\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236&#xff1a;\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u5982 Debug \u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<br \/>\n2. IPC \u53d1\u5c55<br \/>\n\u7ba1\u9053System V IPCPOSIX IPC<br \/>\n3. IPC \u5206\u7c7b<br \/>\n\u7ba1\u9053<br \/>\n\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053&#xff1a;pipe\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053&#xff1a;FIFO\u3001mkfifo<br \/>\nSystem V IPC<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[58,78],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-112729","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-linux","tag-78"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>linux \u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/112729.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"linux \u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u4e00\u3001IPC \u603b\u89c8 1. IPC \u76ee\u7684 \u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93&#xff1a;\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u628a\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u7ed9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u8d44\u6e90\u5171\u4eab&#xff1a;\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u901a\u77e5\u4e8b\u4ef6&#xff1a;\u901a\u77e5\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u4e00\u7ec4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u67d0\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236&#xff1a;\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u5982 Debug \u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002 2. IPC \u53d1\u5c55 \u7ba1\u9053System V IPCPOSIX IPC 3. 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