{"id":112579,"date":"2026-10-04T01:50:05","date_gmt":"2026-10-03T17:50:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/112579.html"},"modified":"2026-10-04T01:50:05","modified_gmt":"2026-10-03T17:50:05","slug":"%e4%bc%a0%e8%be%93%e5%b1%82%e5%8d%8f%e8%ae%ae%e6%b7%b1%e5%ba%a6%e6%8b%86%e8%a7%a3%ef%bc%9a%e7%ab%af%e5%8f%a3%e5%af%bb%e5%9d%80%e3%80%81udp-%e6%8a%a5%e6%96%87%e4%b8%8e-tcp-%e5%8f%af%e9%9d%a0%e6%80%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/112579.html","title":{"rendered":"\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u6df1\u5ea6\u62c6\u89e3\uff1a\u7aef\u53e3\u5bfb\u5740\u3001UDP \u62a5\u6587\u4e0e TCP \u53ef\u9760\u6027\u673a\u5236\u5168\u89e3\u6790"},"content":{"rendered":"<\/p>\n<h4>\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u6df1\u5ea6\u62c6\u89e3&#xff1a;\u7aef\u53e3\u5bfb\u5740\u3001UDP \u62a5\u6587\u4e0e TCP \u53ef\u9760\u6027\u673a\u5236\u5168\u89e3\u6790<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e00\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u8303\u56f4\u5212\u5206<\/li>\n<li>\u8ba4\u8bc6\u77e5\u540d\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7&#xff08;Well-Known Port Number&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>netstat<\/li>\n<li>pidof<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u4e8c\u3001UDP\u534f\u8bae<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>1. UDP\u534f\u8bae\u7aef\u683c\u5f0f<\/li>\n<li>2. UDP\u7684\u7279\u70b9<\/li>\n<li>3. \u9762\u5411\u6570\u636e\u62a5<\/li>\n<li>4. UDP\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/li>\n<li>5. UDP\u4f7f\u7528\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/li>\n<li>6. \u57fa\u4e8eUDP\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u4e09\u3001TCP\u534f\u8bae<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>1. TCP\u534f\u8bae\u6bb5\u683c\u5f0f<\/li>\n<li>2. TCP\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u4fdd\u969c<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>2.1 \u786e\u8ba4\u5e94\u7b54\u673a\u5236&#xff08;ACK&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>2.2 \u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u7406\u89e3<\/li>\n<li>2.3 \u5e8f\u53f7\u548c\u786e\u8ba4\u5e8f\u53f7<\/li>\n<li>2.4 16\u4f4d\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f<\/li>\n<li>2.5 6\u4f4d\u6807\u8bb0\u4f4d<\/li>\n<li>2.6 \u8d85\u65f6\u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236<\/li>\n<li>2.7 \u8fde\u63a5\u7ba1\u7406\u673a\u5236<\/li>\n<li>2.8 \u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3<\/li>\n<li>2.9 \u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236<\/li>\n<li>2.10 \u62e5\u585e\u63a7\u5236<\/li>\n<li>2.11 \u5ef6\u8fdf\u5e94\u7b54<\/li>\n<li>2.12 \u634e\u5e26\u5e94\u7b54<\/li>\n<li>2.13 \u9762\u5411\u5b57\u8282\u6d41<\/li>\n<li>2.14 \u7c98\u5305\u95ee\u9898<\/li>\n<li>2.15 TCP\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5<\/li>\n<li>2.16 TCP\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/li>\n<li>2.17 \u57fa\u4e8eTCP\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae<\/li>\n<li>2.18 TCP\/UDP\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/li>\n<li>2.19 \u7528UDP\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93&#xff08;\u7ecf\u5178\u9762\u8bd5\u9898&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>2.20 listen\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u4e00\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7<\/h3>\n<p>\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7&#xff08;Port&#xff09;\u6807\u8bc6\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728TCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u7528\u201c\u6e90IP\u201d\u3001\u201c\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u201d\u3001\u201c\u76ee\u7684IP\u201d\u3001\u201c\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u201d\u3001\u201c\u534f\u8bae\u53f7\u201d\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e94\u5143\u7ec4\u6765\u6807\u8bc6\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u4fe1&#xff08;\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 netstat -n \u67e5\u770b&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/20261003174959-6ac14047c4435.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\u3001\u76ee\u6807IP\u5730\u5740\u3001\u534f\u8bae\u53f7\u3001\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u8fd95\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u8bc6\u522b\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u8303\u56f4\u5212\u5206<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>0-1023&#xff1a;\u77e5\u540d\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7&#xff0c;HTTP\u3001FTP\u3001SSH\u7b49\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e7f\u4e3a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u90fd\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<li>1024-65535&#xff1a;\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u3002\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u7531\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8303\u56f4\u5206\u914d\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u8ba4\u8bc6\u77e5\u540d\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7&#xff08;Well-Known Port Number&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<p>\u6709\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5e38\u7528\u7684&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u4fbf&#xff0c;\u4eba\u4eec\u7ea6\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;\u90fd\u662f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ssh\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u752822\u7aef\u53e3<\/li>\n<li>ftp\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u752821\u7aef\u53e3<\/li>\n<li>telnet\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u752823\u7aef\u53e3<\/li>\n<li>http\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u752880\u7aef\u53e3<\/li>\n<li>https\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528443<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u77e5\u540d\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>cat \/etc\/services<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u65f6&#xff0c;\u8981\u907f\u5f00\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77e5\u540d\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed1\u5b9a\u591a\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed1\u5b9a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u88ab\u5360\u7528&#xff0c;\u5219\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>netstat<\/h4>\n<p>netstat\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u7edc\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a;netstat [\u9009\u9879]<\/p>\n<p>\u529f\u80fd&#xff1a;\u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u7edc\u72b6\u6001<\/p>\n<p>\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>n&#xff1a;\u62d2\u7edd\u663e\u793a\u522b\u540d&#xff0c;\u80fd\u663e\u793a\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u8f6c\u5316\u6210\u6570\u5b57&#xff0c;\u663e\u793a\u4e0d\u4e86\u7684\u5c31\u663e\u793a\u6b63\u5e38\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/li>\n<li>l&#xff1a;\u4ec5\u5217\u51fa\u6709\u5728Listen&#xff08;\u76d1\u542c&#xff09;\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u5904\u4e8e\u76d1\u542c\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/li>\n<li>p&#xff1a;\u663e\u793a\u5efa\u7acb\u76f8\u5173\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540d&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d<\/li>\n<li>t&#xff1a;(tcp)\u4ec5\u663e\u793atcp\u76f8\u5173\u9009\u9879<\/li>\n<li>u&#xff1a;(udp)\u4ec5\u663e\u793audp\u76f8\u5173\u9009\u9879<\/li>\n<li>a&#xff1a;(all)\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u9009\u9879&#xff0c;\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u663e\u793aLISTEN\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u9009\u9879<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>pidof<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728\u67e5\u770b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0bid\u65f6\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a;pidof [\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d]<\/p>\n<p>\u529f\u80fd&#xff1a;\u901a\u8fc7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d&#xff0c;\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0bid\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u62ff\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0bid\u540e&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7kill\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff1a;pidof [\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d] | xargs kill -9<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u3001UDP\u534f\u8bae<\/h3>\n<h4>1. UDP\u534f\u8bae\u7aef\u683c\u5f0f<\/h4>\n<p>UDP\u534f\u8bae\u7aef\u683c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>16\u4f4d\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u53f716\u4f4d\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>16\u4f4dUDP\u957f\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>16\u4f4d\u6821\u9a8c\u548c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6570\u636e&#xff08;\u53ef\u9009&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u662f uint16_t \u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u56e0\u4e3aUDP\u534f\u8bae\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u662f16\u4f4d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\u662f16\u4f4d\u7684&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5426\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u5c06\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u3001\u957f\u5ea6\u3001\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\u3001\u6570\u636e&#xff08;\u53ef\u9009&#xff09;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u6bb5\u5168\u90e8\u76f8\u52a0\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5c06\u76f8\u52a0\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u53d6\u53cd&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\u3002<\/li>\n<p>16\u4f4dUDP\u957f\u5ea6&#xff1a;\u8868\u793a\u6574\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u62a5&#xff08;UDP\u9996\u90e8&#043;UDP\u6570\u636e&#xff09;\u7684\u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\u51fa\u9519&#xff0c;\u5c31\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u4e22\u5f03\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u600e\u4e48\u5b9e\u73b0\u62a5\u5934\u548c\u6709\u6548\u8f7d\u8377\u7684\u5206\u79bb\u5462&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>UDP\u91c7\u7528\u5b9a\u957f\u62a5\u5934\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u62a5\u5934\u7684\u4e24\u884c\u662f8\u5b57\u8282&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u5206\u79bb\u65f6\u56fa\u5b9a\u53d6\u524d8\u5b57\u8282\u4f5c\u4e3a\u62a5\u5934&#xff0c;\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u6709\u6548\u8f7d\u8377\u3002\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7&#xff0c;\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u54ea\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u5c42\u62f7\u8d1d\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u6709\u6548\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7406\u89e3&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8elinux\u5185\u6838\u7684&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u534f\u8bae\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u56e0\u4e3alinux\u662fc\u8bed\u8a00\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53&#xff0c;\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u62a5\u5934\u548c\u6709\u6548\u8f7d\u8377\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">struct<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">udp_hdr<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">uint16_t<\/span> source_port<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">uint16_t<\/span> dest_port<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">uint16_t<\/span> len<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">uint16_t<\/span> checksum<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6216\u8005\u4f4d\u6bb5\u5b9e\u73b0&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">struct<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">udp_hdr<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">uint16_t<\/span> source_port <span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">16<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">uint16_t<\/span> dest_port <span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">16<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">uint16_t<\/span> len <span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">16<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">uint16_t<\/span> checksum <span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">16<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u672a\u6765\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u62a5\u5934\u548c\u6709\u6548\u8f7d\u8377&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">char<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>udp_hdr <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">malloc<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>XXX<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ XXXX\u662f\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u7684\u957f\u5ea6<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">char<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>data <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> udp_hdr <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">sizeof<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">struct<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">udp_hdr<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u540e\u7eed\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 udp_hdr \u5f3a\u5236\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a struct udp_hdr \u7c7b\u578b&#xff0c;\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u62a5\u5934\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2. UDP\u7684\u7279\u70b9<\/h4>\n<p>UDP\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5bc4\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5&#xff1a;\u77e5\u9053\u5bf9\u7aef\u7684IP\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u884c\u4f20\u8f93&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760&#xff1a;\u6ca1\u6709\u786e\u8ba4\u673a\u5236&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236&#xff1b;\u5982\u679c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u6545\u969c\u8be5\u6bb5\u65e0\u6cd5\u53d1\u5230\u5bf9\u65b9&#xff0c;UDP\u534f\u8bae\u5c42\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7ed9\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u8fd4\u56de\u4efb\u4f55\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u9762\u5411\u6570\u636e\u62a5&#xff1a;\u4e0d\u80fd\u591f\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u8bfb\u5199\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u548c\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>3. \u9762\u5411\u6570\u636e\u62a5<\/h4>\n<p>\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u4ea4\u7ed9UDP\u591a\u957f\u7684\u62a5\u6587&#xff0c;UDP\u539f\u6837\u53d1\u9001&#xff0c;\u65e2\u4e0d\u4f1a\u62c6\u5206&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5408\u5e76\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u53d1\u9001\u90ae\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u4e00\u6b21\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u90ae\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u4e00\u6b21\u63a5\u6536\u4e00\u4e2a\u90ae\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7528UDP\u4f20\u8f93100\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u6570\u636e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u8c03\u7528\u4e00\u6b21 sendto&#xff0c;\u53d1\u9001100\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u8c03\u7528\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e00\u6b21 recvfrom&#xff0c;\u63a5\u6536100\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282&#xff1b;\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5faa\u73af\u8c03\u752810\u6b21 recvfrom&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u6b21\u63a5\u653610\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>4. UDP\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>UDP\u6ca1\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u53d1\u9001\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u3002\u8c03\u7528 sendto \u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u4ea4\u7ed9\u5185\u6838&#xff0c;\u7531\u5185\u6838\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u7ed9\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u8fdb\u884c\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>UDP\u5177\u6709\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6536\u5230\u7684UDP\u62a5\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u548c\u53d1\u9001UDP\u62a5\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u4e00\u81f4&#xff1b;\u5982\u679c\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6ee1\u4e86&#xff0c;\u518d\u5230\u8fbe\u7684UDP\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u4e22\u5f03\u3002<\/li>\n<li>UDP\u7684socket\u65e2\u80fd\u8bfb&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u80fd\u5199&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u53eb\u505a\u5168\u53cc\u5de5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>5. UDP\u4f7f\u7528\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h4>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u6ce8\u610f\u5230&#xff0c;UDP\u534f\u8bae\u9996\u90e8\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a16\u4f4d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f 2^16\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e2aUDP\u80fd\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6\u662f64K&#xff08;\u5305\u542bUDP\u9996\u90e8&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c64K\u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u73af\u5883\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8d85\u8fc764K&#xff0c;\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u624b\u52a8\u7684\u5206\u5305&#xff0c;\u591a\u6b21\u53d1\u9001&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5728\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u624b\u52a8\u62fc\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>6. \u57fa\u4e8eUDP\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>NFS&#xff1a;\u7f51\u7edc\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf<\/li>\n<li>TFTP&#xff1a;\u7b80\u5355\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae<\/li>\n<li>DHCP&#xff1a;\u52a8\u6001\u4e3b\u673a\u914d\u7f6e\u534f\u8bae<\/li>\n<li>BOOTP&#xff1a;\u542f\u52a8\u534f\u8bae&#xff08;\u7528\u4e8e\u65e0\u76d8\u8bbe\u5907\u542f\u52a8&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>DNS&#xff1a;\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u534f\u8bae<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>DNS&#xff1a;\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u534f\u8bae&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u8f93\u5165\u57df\u540d&#xff0c;\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u7684DNS\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5730\u5740&#xff0c;\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8f93\u5165\u57df\u540d\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f1a\u5148\u4ece\u5185\u7f6e\u7684DNS\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6IP\u5730\u5740&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u83b7\u53d6\u5230&#xff0c;\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528IP\u5730\u5740&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7136&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u5199UDP\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u4e09\u3001TCP\u534f\u8bae<\/h3>\n<p>TCP\u5168\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u4f20\u8f93\u63a7\u5236\u534f\u8bae&#xff08;Transmission Control Protocol&#xff09;\u201d\u3002\u4eba\u5982\u5176\u540d&#xff0c;\u8981\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u63a7\u5236\u5c31\u662f&#xff1a;\u56e0\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u53d1\u9001\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u62f7\u8d1d\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u53d1\u9001&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u6570\u636e\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u53d1\u3001\u53d1\u9001\u591a\u5c11\u3001\u51fa\u9519\u65f6\u7684\u5904\u7406\u7b49&#xff0c;\u90fd\u662f\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42TCP\u8981\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>1. TCP\u534f\u8bae\u6bb5\u683c\u5f0f<\/h4>\n<table>\n<tr>16\u4f4d\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u53f716\u4f4d\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>32\u4f4d\u5e8f\u53f7<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>32\u4f4d\u786e\u8ba4\u5e8f\u53f7<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4\u4f4d\u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>6\u4f4d\u4fdd\u7559\u4f4d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>16\u4f4d\u6821\u9a8c\u548c<\/td>\n<td>16\u4f4d\u7d27\u6025\u6307\u9488<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u9009\u9879<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6570\u636e<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u6e90\/\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7&#xff1a;\u8868\u793a\u6570\u636e\u662f\u4ece\u54ea\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6765&#xff0c;\u5230\u54ea\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>32\u4f4d\u5e8f\u53f7\/32\u4f4d\u786e\u8ba4\u53f7&#xff1a;\u540e\u9762\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>4\u4f4dTCP\u62a5\u5934\u957f\u5ea6&#xff1a;\u8868\u793a\u8be5TCP\u5934\u90e8\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a32\u4f4dbit&#xff08;\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a4\u5b57\u8282&#xff09;&#xff1b;\u6240\u4ee5TCP\u5934\u90e8\u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6\u662f 15*4 &#061; 60 \u5b57\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n<p>6\u4f4d\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>URG&#xff1a;\u7d27\u6025\u6307\u9488\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6548<\/li>\n<li>ACK&#xff1a;\u786e\u8ba4\u53f7\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6548<\/li>\n<li>PSH&#xff1a;\u63d0\u793a\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7acb\u523b\u4eceTCP\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u628a\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u8d70<\/li>\n<li>RST&#xff1a;\u5bf9\u65b9\u8981\u6c42\u91cd\u65b0\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5&#xff1b;\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u643a\u5e26RST\u6807\u8bc6\u7684\u79f0\u4e3a\u590d\u4f4d\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5<\/li>\n<li>SYN&#xff1a;\u8bf7\u6c42\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5&#xff1b;\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u643a\u5e26SYN\u6807\u8bc6\u7684\u79f0\u4e3a\u540c\u6b65\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5<\/li>\n<li>FIN&#xff1a;\u901a\u77e5\u5bf9\u65b9&#xff0c;\u672c\u7aef\u8981\u5173\u95ed\u4e86&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u79f0\u643a\u5e26FIN\u6807\u8bc6\u7684\u4e3a\u7ed3\u675f\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>16\u4f4d\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f&#xff1a;\u540e\u9762\u518d\u8bf4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>16\u4f4d\u6821\u9a8c\u548c&#xff1a;\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u586b\u5145&#xff0c;CRC\u6821\u9a8c&#xff0c;\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u6821\u9a8c\u4e0d\u901a\u8fc7&#xff0c;\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u6709\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u6b64\u5904\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u4e0d\u5149\u5305\u542bTCP\u9996\u90e8&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5305\u542bTCP\u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>16\u4f4d\u7d27\u6025\u6307\u9488&#xff1a;\u6807\u8bc6\u54ea\u90e8\u5206\u6570\u636e\u662f\u7d27\u6025\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>40\u5b57\u8282\u5934\u90e8\u9009\u9879&#xff1a;\u6682\u65f6\u5ffd\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n<p>tcp\u534f\u8bae\u662f\u6709\u6807\u51c6\u957f\u5ea6\u7684&#xff0c;\u6807\u51c6\u957f\u5ea6\u662f20\u5b57\u8282\u3002 \u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u8bfb\u53d620\u5b57\u8282&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u8f6c\u5316\u6210\u4e00\u4e2astruct\u4f53\u3002\u7136\u540e\u6839\u636estruct\u4f53\u4e2d\u76844\u4f4d\u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6\u5c31\u662fTCP\u534f\u8bae\u6bb5\u7684\u603b\u957f\u5ea6&#xff08;\u56e0\u4e3a\u5305\u542b\u9009\u9879\u7684\u8bdd\u5c31\u4f1a\u8d85\u8fc720\u5b57\u8282&#xff09;\u30024\u4f4dbit\u4f4d\u5c31\u662f&#xff08;0000-1111&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6\u8981\u4e58\u4ee54\u5b57\u8282&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u5b9e\u9645\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u662f20\u5b57\u8282\u523060\u5b57\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u7b97\u4ec0\u4e48\u9009\u9879\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5199&#xff0c;\u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u662f0000&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f0101&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f5&#xff08;0101&#xff09;*4\u5b57\u8282&#061;20\u5b57\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u662f0101&#xff0c;\u5c31\u8868\u793a\u6709\u9009\u9879&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 \u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6*4\u5b57\u8282-20\u5b57\u8282 \u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u6570\u636e\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48TCP\u62a5\u5934\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u6709\u6548\u8f7d\u8377\u957f\u5ea6\u5b57\u6bb5\u5462&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3aTCP\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5b57\u8282\u6d41\u7684\u534f\u8bae&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u628a\u6570\u636e\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u91cc\u9762\u3002TCP\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6709\u6548\u8f7d\u8377\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u89e3\u91ca&#xff0c;\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u5df2\u7ecf\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86&#xff0c;\u6309\u9700\u5230\u8fbe\u4e86\u5e76\u4e14\u987a\u5e8f\u6b63\u786e&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u653e\u5230\u4f60\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u91cc\u9762&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u518d\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u62a5\u6587\u540e&#xff0c;\u5185\u6838\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u62a5\u6587\u540e&#xff0c;\u5185\u6838\u901a\u8fc7\u89e3\u6790\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u5934\u90e8\u4e2d\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7&#xff0c;\u5229\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0e\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb&#xff08;\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5feb\u901f\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8eLinux\u91c7\u7528\u201c\u4e00\u5207\u7686\u6587\u4ef6\u201d\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u54f2\u5b66&#xff0c;\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u65f6&#xff0c;\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26fd&#xff0c;\u8be5fd\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 files_struct&#xff08;\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868&#xff09;\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0b\u6807\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0b\u6807\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684 struct file \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53&#xff0c;\u5176\u4e2d\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5305\u542b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488&#xff08;\u5982\u8bfb\u5199\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u5173\u8054\u7740\u8be5\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u548c\u53d1\u9001\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u7f51\u5361\u7ecf\u8fc7\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u89e3\u6790\u540e&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u88ab\u653e\u5165\u8be5\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5173\u8054\u7684\u5185\u6838\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 read(fd) \u6216 write(fd) \u7b49\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528&#xff0c;\u50cf\u64cd\u4f5c\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e00\u6837\u5bf9TCP\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6574\u4e2a\u6d41\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6982\u62ec\u4e3a&#xff1a;\u7f51\u7edc\u62a5\u6587 \u2192 \u7aef\u53e3\u53f7 \u2192 \u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u5957\u63a5\u5b57 \u2192 struct file \u2192 \u8fdb\u7a0b\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868 \u2192 \u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u8fc7fd\u64cd\u4f5c\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u548cUDP\u4e00\u6837&#xff0c;TCP\u62a5\u5934\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53&#xff0c;\u53ea\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u66f4\u591a\u3002\u548cUDP\u4e00\u6837&#xff0c;\u6dfb\u52a0\u62a5\u5934\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u6570\u636e\u524d\u9762\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u518d\u53d1\u9001\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2. TCP\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u4fdd\u969c<\/h4>\n<h5>2.1 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decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/20261003175000-6ac140485cf9f.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>TCP\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7f16\u53f7&#xff0c;\u5373\u4e3a\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/20261003175000-6ac1404888824.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2aACK\u90fd\u5e26\u6709\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7&#xff0c;\u610f\u601d\u662f\u544a\u8bc9\u53d1\u9001\u8005&#xff0c;\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u6570\u636e&#xff1b;\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u4f60\u4ece\u54ea\u91cc\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>2.2 \u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u7406\u89e3<\/h5>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u662f\u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u9664\u4e86\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u6bb5\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u786e\u8ba4\u6bb5\u3001\u65ad\u5f00\u8fde\u63a5\u6bb5\u7b49\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u786e\u8ba4&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684tcp\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u4e2d\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5728\u53d1\u8d77\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e&#xff0c;\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u786e\u8ba4\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6536\u5230\u786e\u8ba4\u6bb5\u540e&#xff0c;\u624d\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u901a\u4fe1\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5728\u53d1\u8d77\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e&#xff0c;\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u65e2\u5145\u5f53\u4e86\u786e\u8ba4\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5145\u5f53\u4e86\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u60f3\u8bf4\u7684\u662f\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u901a\u4fe1\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u786e\u8ba4\u4e00\u6b21\u5e94\u7b54&#xff0c;\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4e00\u6b21\u53d1\u9001\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u591a\u4e2a\u786e\u8ba4\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>2.3 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16\u4f4d\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f<\/h5>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u975e\u5e38\u5feb&#xff0c;\u800c\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u63a5\u6536\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u975e\u5e38\u6162\u3002\u4e00\u76f4\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u4e86&#xff0c;\u5c31\u4f1a\u4e22\u5931\u6570\u636e&#xff08;\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6ee1\u4e86&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e5f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u592a\u6162\u4e86&#xff0c;\u5bfc\u81f4\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u5373\u4f7f\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u6570\u636e\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6cd5\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5TCP\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5feb\u4e86\u4e0d\u884c&#xff0c;\u6162\u4e86\u4e5f\u4e0d\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u6211\u600e\u4e48\u77e5\u9053\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u662f\u591a\u5c11&#xff1f;\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5269\u4f59\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002\u56e0\u4e3aTCP\u662f\u5168\u53cc\u5de5\u7684&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u5bf9\u65b9\u4e5f\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u6211\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee516\u4f4d\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\u4f1a\u586b\u5165\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5927\u5c0f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e5f\u53eb\u505a\u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>2.5 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src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/20261003175001-6ac140490ce23.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\u4e3b\u673aB\u4f1a\u6536\u5230\u5f88\u591a\u91cd\u590d\u6570\u636e\u3002\u90a3\u4e48TCP\u534f\u8bae\u9700\u8981\u80fd\u591f\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u90a3\u4e9b\u5305\u662f\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u5305&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14\u628a\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u4e22\u5f03\u6389\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7&#xff0c;\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u505a\u5230\u53bb\u91cd\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u53d1\u9001\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u60c5\u51b5&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u5b8c\u6570\u636e\u540e&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u7b49\u5f85\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7acb\u523b\u628a\u6570\u636e\u5220\u9664\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u5b58\u653e\u5230\u54ea\u91cc\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5462&#xff1f;\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u53d1\u9001\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u7684\u5220\u9664\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u7684\u5220\u9664&#xff0c;\u5220\u9664\u662f\u8986\u76d6\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u600e\u4e48\u5b9a&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0d\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3aTCP\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6548\u7387&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u80fd\u592a\u77ed\u3002\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u8fbe\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u7531\u7f51\u7edc\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u662f\u53d8\u5316\u7684&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u4fdd\u8bc1\u201c\u786e\u8ba4\u5e94\u7b54\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u8fd4\u56de\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u957f\u77ed&#xff0c;\u968f\u7740\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u7684\u4e0d\u540c&#xff0c;\u662f\u6709\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u8bbe\u7684\u592a\u957f&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u91cd\u4f20\u6548\u7387&#xff1b;\u5982\u679c\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u8bbe\u7684\u592a\u77ed&#xff0c;\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9891\u7e41\u53d1\u9001\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<p>TCP\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u65e0\u8bba\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u90fd\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u901a\u4fe1&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u4f1a\u52a8\u6001\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6700\u5927\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Linux\u4e2d&#xff08;BSD Unix\u548cWindows\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8d85\u65f6\u4ee5500ms\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4f4d\u8fdb\u884c\u63a7\u5236&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u6b21\u5224\u5b9a\u8d85\u65f6\u91cd\u53d1\u7684\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u90fd\u662f500ms\u7684\u6574\u6570\u500d\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u91cd\u53d1\u4e00\u6b21\u4e4b\u540e&#xff0c;\u4ecd\u7136\u5f97\u4e0d\u5230\u5e94\u7b54&#xff0c;\u7b49\u5f85 2*500ms \u540e\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u4f20\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u4ecd\u7136\u5f97\u4e0d\u5230\u5e94\u7b54&#xff0c;\u7b49\u5f85 4*500ms \u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u4f20\u3002\u4f9d\u6b21\u7c7b\u63a8&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u6307\u6570\u5f62\u5f0f\u9012\u589e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7d2f\u8ba1\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u91cd\u4f20\u6b21\u6570&#xff0c;TCP\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u6216\u8005\u5bf9\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\u51fa\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38&#xff0c;\u5f3a\u5236\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>2.7 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\u2192 LISTEN]&#xff1a;\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u8c03\u7528listen\u540e\u8fdb\u5165LISTEN\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u7b49\u5f85\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>[LISTEN \u2192 SYN_RCVD]&#xff1a;\u4e00\u65e6\u76d1\u542c\u5230\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42&#xff08;\u540c\u6b65\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5c06\u8be5\u8fde\u63a5\u653e\u5165\u5185\u6838\u7b49\u5f85\u961f\u5217\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5411\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001SYN\u786e\u8ba4\u62a5\u6587\u3002<\/li>\n<li>[SYN_RCVD \u2192 ESTABLISHED]&#xff1a;\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e00\u65e6\u6536\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\u62a5\u6587&#xff0c;\u5c31\u8fdb\u5165ESTABLISHED\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u8bfb\u5199\u6570\u636e\u4e86\u3002<\/li>\n<li>[ESTABLISHED \u2192 CLOSE_WAIT]&#xff1a;\u5f53\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e3b\u52a8\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5&#xff08;\u8c03\u7528close&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u6536\u5230\u7ed3\u675f\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u786e\u8ba4\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u5e76\u8fdb\u5165CLOSE_WAIT\u3002<\/li>\n<li>[CLOSE_WAIT \u2192 LAST_ACK]&#xff1a;\u8fdb\u5165CLOSE_WAIT\u540e\u8bf4\u660e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u51c6\u5907\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5&#xff08;\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6570\u636e&#xff09;&#xff1b;\u5f53\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u771f\u6b63\u8c03\u7528close\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u5411\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001FIN&#xff0c;\u6b64\u65f6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u5165LAST_ACK\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u7b49\u5f85\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2aACK\u5230\u6765&#xff08;\u8fd9\u4e2aACK\u662f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u786e\u8ba4\u6536\u5230\u4e86FIN&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>[LAST_ACK \u2192 CLOSED]&#xff1a;\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u5bf9FIN\u7684ACK&#xff0c;\u5f7b\u5e95\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u5316&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>[CLOSED \u2192 SYN_SENT]&#xff1a;\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8c03\u7528connect&#xff0c;\u53d1\u9001\u540c\u6b65\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>[SYN_SENT \u2192 ESTABLISHED]&#xff1a;connect\u8c03\u7528\u6210\u529f&#xff0c;\u5219\u8fdb\u5165ESTABLISHED\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u5f00\u59cb\u8bfb\u5199\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>[ESTABLISHED \u2192 FIN_WAIT_1]&#xff1a;\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e3b\u52a8\u8c03\u7528close\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u7ed3\u675f\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u5165FIN_WAIT_1\u3002<\/li>\n<li>[FIN_WAIT_1 \u2192 FIN_WAIT_2]&#xff1a;\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6536\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5bf9\u7ed3\u675f\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u7684\u786e\u8ba4&#xff0c;\u5219\u8fdb\u5165FIN_WAIT_2&#xff0c;\u5f00\u59cb\u7b49\u5f85\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>[FIN_WAIT_2 \u2192 TIME_WAIT]&#xff1a;\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6536\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u6765\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u5165TIME_WAIT&#xff0c;\u5e76\u53d1\u51faLAST_ACK\u3002<\/li>\n<li>[TIME_WAIT \u2192 CLOSED]&#xff1a;\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8981\u7b49\u5f85\u4e00\u4e2a2MSL&#xff08;Max Segment Life&#xff0c;\u62a5\u6587\u6700\u5927\u751f\u5b58\u65f6\u95f4&#xff09;\u7684\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u624d\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5165CLOSED\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7406\u89e3TIME_WAIT\u72b6\u6001&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5&#xff0c;\u9996\u5148\u542f\u52a8server&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u542f\u52a8client&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u7528Ctrl-C\u4f7fserver\u7ec8\u6b62&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u65f6\u9a6c\u4e0a\u518d\u8fd0\u884cserver&#xff0c;\u7ed3\u679c\u662f&#xff1a;server bind error: Address already in use\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u867d\u7136server\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ec8\u6b62\u4e86&#xff0c;\u4f46TCP\u534f\u8bae\u5c42\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u65ad\u5f00&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u6b21\u76d1\u542c\u540c\u6837\u7684server\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>TCP\u534f\u8bae\u89c4\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u52a8\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4e00\u65b9\u8981\u5904\u4e8eTIME_WAIT\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u7b49\u5f85\u4e24\u4e2aMSL&#xff08;maximum segment lifetime&#xff09;\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u56de\u5230CLOSED\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528Ctrl-C\u7ec8\u6b62\u4e86server&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5server\u662f\u4e3b\u52a8\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4e00\u65b9&#xff0c;\u5728TIME_WAIT\u671f\u95f4\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u6b21\u76d1\u542c\u540c\u6837\u7684server\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>MSL\u5728RFC1122\u4e2d\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e3a\u4e24\u5206\u949f&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662f\u5404\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c&#xff0c;\u5728Centos7\u4e0a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u503c\u662f60s\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 cat \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/tcp_fin_timeout \u67e5\u770bmsl\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fTIME_WAIT\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u662f2MSL&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>MSL\u662fTCP\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u6700\u5927\u751f\u5b58\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64TIME_WAIT\u6301\u7eed\u5b58\u57282MSL\u7684\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u5c31\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f20\u8f93\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u7684\u5c1a\u672a\u88ab\u63a5\u6536\u6216\u8fdf\u5230\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u6d88\u5931&#xff08;\u5426\u5219\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7acb\u523b\u91cd\u542f&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6536\u5230\u6765\u81ea\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8fdf\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684&#xff09;&#xff1b;\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u5728\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587\u53ef\u9760\u5230\u8fbe&#xff08;\u5047\u8bbe\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2aACK\u4e22\u5931&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u518d\u91cd\u53d1\u4e00\u4e2aFIN\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u867d\u7136\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u5728\u4e86&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662fTCP\u8fde\u63a5\u8fd8\u5728&#xff0c;\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u53d1LAST_ACK&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u89e3\u51b3TIME_WAIT\u72b6\u6001\u5f15\u8d77\u7684bind\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u5728server\u7684TCP\u8fde\u63a5\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u65ad\u5f00\u4e4b\u524d\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u65b0\u76d1\u542c&#xff0c;\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8fde\u63a5&#xff08;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u77ed&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662f\u6bcf\u79d2\u90fd\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6765\u8bf7\u6c42&#xff09;\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u5982\u679c\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u4e3b\u52a8\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5&#xff08;\u6bd4\u5982\u67d0\u4e9b\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0d\u6d3b\u8dc3&#xff0c;\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u4e3b\u52a8\u6e05\u7406\u6389&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5927\u91cfTIME_WAIT\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u91cf\u5f88\u5927&#xff0c;\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4TIME_WAIT\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u5f88\u591a&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u90fd\u4f1a\u5360\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u4fe1\u4e94\u5143\u7ec4&#xff08;\u6e90ip&#xff0c;\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3&#xff0c;\u76ee\u7684ip&#xff0c;\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3&#xff0c;\u534f\u8bae&#xff09;\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684ip\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u548c\u534f\u8bae\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u65b0\u6765\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u7684ip\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u548cTIME_WAIT\u5360\u7528\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u91cd\u590d\u4e86&#xff0c;\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 setsockopt() \u8bbe\u7f6esocket\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7684\u9009\u9879 SO_REUSEADDR \u4e3a1&#xff0c;\u8868\u793a\u5141\u8bb8\u521b\u5efa\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u76f8\u540c\u4f46IP\u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u591a\u4e2asocket\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> opt <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">setsockopt<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>listenfd<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> SOL_SOCKET<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> SO_REUSEADDR<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&amp;<\/span>opt<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">sizeof<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>opt<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u7406\u89e3CLOSE_WAIT\u72b6\u6001&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e4b\u524d\u5199\u8fc7\u7684TCP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e3a\u4f8b&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u7a0d\u52a0\u4fee\u6539&#xff0c;\u5c06 new_sock.Close(); \u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u53bb\u6389\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fd0\u884c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u542f\u52a8\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u94fe\u63a5&#xff0c;\u67e5\u770bTCP\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u90fd\u4e3aESTABLISHED\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u5173\u95ed\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7a0b\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u89c2\u5bdfTCP\u72b6\u6001&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>tcp  0  0 0.0.0.0:9090   0.0.0.0:*    LISTEN   5038\/.\/dict_server<br \/>\ntcp  0  0 127.0.0.1:49958 127.0.0.1:9090 FIN_WAIT2 &#8211;<br \/>\ntcp  0  0 127.0.0.1:9090  127.0.0.1:49958 CLOSE_WAIT 5038\/.\/dict_server<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u65f6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86CLOSE_WAIT\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u7ed3\u5408\u6211\u4eec\u56db\u6b21\u6325\u624b\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u56fe&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u4e3a\u56db\u6b21\u6325\u624b\u6ca1\u6709\u6b63\u786e\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c0f\u7ed3&#xff1a;\u5bf9\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u51fa\u73b0\u5927\u91cf\u7684CLOSE_WAIT\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u539f\u56e0\u5c31\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6ca1\u6709\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u5173\u95edsocket&#xff0c;\u5bfc\u81f4\u56db\u6b21\u6325\u624b\u6ca1\u6709\u6b63\u786e\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aBUG\u3002\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u4e0a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684close\u5373\u53ef\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>2.8 \u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3<\/h5>\n<p>\u521a\u624d\u6211\u4eec\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u786e\u8ba4\u5e94\u7b54\u7b56\u7565&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u90fd\u8981\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2aACK\u786e\u8ba4\u5e94\u7b54\u3002\u6536\u5230ACK\u540e\u518d\u53d1\u9001\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u6027\u80fd\u8f83\u5dee\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5f80\u8fd4\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8f83\u957f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65e2\u7136\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u53d1\u4e00\u6536\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6027\u80fd\u8f83\u4f4e&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u6b21\u53d1\u9001\u591a\u6761\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd&#xff08;\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u6bb5\u7684\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\u91cd\u53e0\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u4e86&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/20261003175001-6ac1404976d8d.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/20261003175001-6ac14049a9f63.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\u6307\u7684\u662f\u65e0\u9700\u7b49\u5f85\u786e\u8ba4\u5e94\u7b54\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u7eed\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6700\u5927\u503c\u3002\u4e0a\u56fe\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\u5c31\u662f4000\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282&#xff08;\u56db\u4e2a\u6bb5&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u53d1\u9001\u524d\u56db\u4e2a\u6bb5\u7684\u65f6\u5019&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7b49\u5f85\u4efb\u4f55ACK&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u53d1\u9001\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6536\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2aACK\u540e&#xff0c;\u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8&#xff0c;\u7ee7\u7eed\u53d1\u9001\u7b2c\u4e94\u4e2a\u6bb5\u7684\u6570\u636e&#xff1b;\u4f9d\u6b21\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ef4\u62a4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u5f00\u8f9f\u53d1\u9001\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u5f53\u524d\u8fd8\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u6ca1\u6709\u5e94\u7b54&#xff1b;\u53ea\u6709\u786e\u8ba4\u5e94\u7b54\u8fc7\u7684\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u624d\u80fd\u4ece\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5220\u6389\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7a97\u53e3\u8d8a\u5927&#xff0c;\u5219\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u541e\u5410\u7387\u5c31\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/20261003175001-6ac14049d46f2.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u7406\u89e3&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u6574\u4e2a\u53d1\u9001\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4&#xff0c;\u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u5de6\u7aef\u70b9\u53eb\u505a win_start&#xff08;\u4e0b\u6807&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u53f3\u7aef\u70b9\u53eb\u505a win_end&#xff08;\u4e0b\u6807&#xff09;\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u6ed1\u52a8\u5c31\u662f\u4e0b\u6807 win_start \u548c win_end \u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1. \u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684&#xff1f;\u672a\u6765\u600e\u4e48\u53d8\u5316&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u76ee\u524d\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u662f\u548c\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u80fd\u529b\u6709\u5173&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5 win_start &#061; 0&#xff0c;win_end &#061; win_start &#043; window_size&#xff08;16\u4f4d\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f&#xff09;\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u76ee\u524d\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u5927\u5c0f &#061; \u5bf9\u65b9\u901a\u77e5\u6211\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2. \u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u5411\u5de6\u6216\u8005\u5411\u53f3\u6ed1\u52a8\u5417&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5411\u5de6\u6ed1\u52a8&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u5de6\u8fb9\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u786e\u8ba4\u7684\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u80fd\u5411\u5de6\u6ed1\u52a8\u3002\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u5411\u53f3\u6ed1\u52a8&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u53f3\u8fb9\u662f\u672a\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u65b9\u4e00\u76f4\u901a\u77e5\u4f60\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u53d8\u5316\u7684&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u662f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u5411\u53f3\u6ed1\u52a8\u7684&#xff0c;\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5411\u53f3\u6ed1\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3. \u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u79fb\u52a8\u7684&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u8fc7\u786e\u8ba4\u5e8f\u53f7\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\u7684\u5e8f\u53f7\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2aack\u5230\u4e86&#xff0c;win_start \u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u7b49\u4e8eack\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\u5e8f\u53f7\u3002win_end &#061; win_start &#043; window_size&#xff08;16\u4f4d\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5&#xff1a;\u5bf9\u65b9\u4e00\u76f4\u786e\u8ba4 win_start \u53d8\u5927&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662f\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\u662f\u4e00\u76f4\u51cf\u5c0f\u7684&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u51cf\u5c0f&#xff0c;\u4e00\u76f4\u5230 win_start &#061; win_end\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u7a97\u53e3\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u7684&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u53d8\u5927\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53d8\u5c0f&#xff0c;\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u4f9d\u636e\u662f\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>4. \u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u6536\u5230\u5e94\u7b54\u7684\u65f6\u5019&#xff0c;\u6536\u5230\u7684\u5e94\u7b54\u4e0d\u662f\u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u6700\u5de6\u7aef\u7684ack&#xff0c;\u662f\u4e2d\u95f4\u90e8\u5206\u7684ack&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u600e\u4e48\u5904\u7406&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u786e\u8ba4\u5e8f\u53f7\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\u7684\u5e8f\u53f7\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2aack\u5230\u4e86&#xff0c;win_start \u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u7b49\u4e8eack\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\u5e8f\u53f7\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u8981\u5206\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u8ba8\u8bba&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe win_start &#061; 1000&#xff0c;win_end &#061; 5000\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&#xff08;1&#xff09;\u6570\u636e\u6ca1\u4e22&#xff0c;\u53ea\u662fack\u4e22\u5931\u4e86\u3002\u53ea\u662f\u524d\u9762\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u786e\u8ba4ack\u4e22\u4e86&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662f\u540e\u9762\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\u6ca1\u6709\u4e22\u5931ack\u662f\u6536\u5230\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u786e\u8ba4\u5e8f\u53f7\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662fack\u786e\u8ba4\u5e8f\u53f7\u8868\u793a\u5728\u786e\u8ba4\u5e8f\u53f7\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\u90fd\u88ab\u786e\u8ba4\u4e86\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5411\u53f3\u6ed1\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&#xff08;2&#xff09;\u6570\u636e\u771f\u7684\u4e22\u5931\u4e86\u3002\u5de6\u7aef\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u4e86&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662f\u4e2d\u95f4\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6ca1\u6709\u4e22\u5931&#xff08;\u5047\u8bbe\u4e2d\u95f4\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\u5e8f\u53f7\u662f3000&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u662f\u6536\u5230\u62a5\u6587\u4e86\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u5176\u5b9e\u6211\u4eec\u6536\u5230\u7684ack\u5e8f\u53f7\u662f1000&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4f1a\u662f3000\u3002<\/p>\n<p>5. \u53d1\u9001\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u4f1a\u6709\u6700\u53f3\u7aef&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u4e00\u76f4\u5f80\u53f3\u6ed1\u52a8\u4f1a\u8d85\u8fc7\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\u5417&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u5b9e\u5728\u5e95\u5c42\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u88ab\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u4f1a\u5faa\u73af\u79fb\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u679c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e22\u5305&#xff0c;\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u4f20&#xff1f; \u8fd9\u91cc\u5206\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u8ba8\u8bba&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u60c5\u51b5\u4e00&#xff1a;\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5df2\u7ecf\u62b5\u8fbe&#xff0c;ACK\u88ab\u4e22\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u90e8\u5206ACK\u4e22\u4e86\u5e76\u4e0d\u8981\u7d27&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u540e\u7eed\u7684ACK\u8fdb\u884c\u786e\u8ba4\u3002 <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/20261003175002-6ac1404a40d1a.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u60c5\u51b5\u4e8c&#xff1a;\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u4e22\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5f53\u67d0\u4e00\u6bb5\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u4e22\u5931\u4e4b\u540e&#xff0c;\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u6536\u52301001\u8fd9\u6837\u7684ACK&#xff0c;\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u5728\u63d0\u9192\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u201c\u6211\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u662f1001\u201d\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\u8fde\u7eed\u4e09\u6b21\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u540c\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c1001\u201d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5e94\u7b54&#xff0c;\u5c31\u4f1a\u5c06\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u636e1001-2000\u91cd\u65b0\u53d1\u9001\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u6536\u5230\u4e861001\u4e4b\u540e&#xff0c;\u518d\u6b21\u8fd4\u56de\u7684ACK\u5c31\u662f7001\u4e86&#xff08;\u56e0\u4e3a2001-7000&#xff09;\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u5176\u5b9e\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u6536\u5230\u4e86&#xff0c;\u88ab\u653e\u5230\u4e86\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d\u3002 <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/20261003175002-6ac1404a91f65.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u9ad8\u901f\u91cd\u53d1\u63a7\u5236\u201d&#xff08;\u4e5f\u53eb\u201c\u5feb\u91cd\u4f20\u201d&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>2.9 \u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236<\/h5>\n<p>\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u53d1\u7684\u592a\u5feb&#xff0c;\u5bfc\u81f4\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u88ab\u6253\u6ee1&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u7ee7\u7eed\u53d1\u9001&#xff0c;\u5c31\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u4e22\u5305&#xff0c;\u7ee7\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u4e22\u5305\u91cd\u4f20\u7b49\u7b49\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u8fde\u9501\u53cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64TCP\u652f\u6301\u6839\u636e\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u7684\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b&#xff0c;\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u7684\u53d1\u9001\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u673a\u5236\u5c31\u53eb\u505a\u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236&#xff08;Flow Control&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5927\u5c0f\u653e\u5165TCP\u9996\u90e8\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\u201d\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7ACK\u7aef\u901a\u77e5\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\u5b57\u6bb5\u8d8a\u5927&#xff0c;\u8bf4\u660e\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u4e00\u65e6\u53d1\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5feb\u6ee1\u4e86&#xff0c;\u5c31\u4f1a\u5c06\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u503c\u901a\u77e5\u7ed9\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u63a5\u53d7\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u4e4b\u540e&#xff0c;\u5c31\u4f1a\u51cf\u6162\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u53d1\u9001\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6ee1\u4e86&#xff0c;\u5c31\u4f1a\u5c06\u7a97\u53e3\u7f6e\u4e3a0&#xff1b;\u8fd9\u65f6\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u4e0d\u518d\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662f\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u671f\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u63a2\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u628a\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\u544a\u8bc9\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/20261003175002-6ac1404aef474.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u5982\u4f55\u628a\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\u544a\u8bc9\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u5462&#xff1f;\u56de\u5fc6\u6211\u4eec\u7684TCP\u9996\u90e8\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a16\u4f4d\u7a97\u53e3\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u5b58\u653e\u4e86\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u4e86&#xff0c;16\u4f4d\u6570\u5b57\u6700\u5927\u8868\u793a65535&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48TCP\u7a97\u53e3\u6700\u5927\u5c31\u662f65535\u5b57\u8282\u4e48&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a&#xff0c;TCP\u9996\u90e840\u5b57\u8282\u9009\u9879\u4e2d\u8fd8\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u6269\u5927\u56e0\u5b50M&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u9645\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\u662f\u7a97\u53e3\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u503c\u5de6\u79fbM\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>2.10 \u62e5\u585e\u63a7\u5236<\/h5>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u8003\u8651\u7684\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u662f\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u7684\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u601d\u8003\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u5b9e\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u4f1a\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u53cc\u65b9\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4e22\u5f03\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u5305\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u7684&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u8d85\u65f6\u673a\u5236\u6765\u5904\u7406\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e22\u5f03\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5305&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u591a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u5bf9\u65b9\u6ca1\u6cd5\u63a5\u53d7\u90a3\u4e48\u591a\u5305\u7684\u60c5\u51b5&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>TCP\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u7684\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u51fa\u73b0\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u7acb\u523b\u91cd\u4f20\u5417&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u7ee7\u7eed\u91cd\u4f20&#xff0c;\u5c31\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898\u66f4\u52a0\u4e25\u91cd&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u91cc\u9762\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e24\u53f0\u673a\u5668&#xff0c;\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u673a\u5668\u5728\u901a\u4fe1&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u5982\u679c\u7acb\u523b\u91cd\u4f20&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898\u96ea\u4e0a\u52a0\u971c\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u7b49\u5f85\u7f51\u7edc\u6062\u590d\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u540e\u518d\u91cd\u4f20\u3002<\/p>\n<p>TCP\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u6162\u542f\u52a8\u673a\u5236&#xff0c;\u5148\u53d1\u9001\u5c11\u91cf\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u63a2\u63a2\u8def&#xff0c;\u6478\u6e05\u695a\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6062\u590d\u60c5\u51b5&#xff0c;\u518d\u51b3\u5b9a\u6309\u7167\u4ec0\u4e48\u901f\u5ea6\u6765\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u5f15\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5&#xff0c;\u53eb\u505a\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3&#xff08;\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5728\u8d85\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5c31\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u62e5\u585e\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3\u5c31\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u62e5\u585e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5f80\u5f80\u8981\u8003\u8651\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u63a5\u53d7\u80fd\u529b&#xff08;\u62a5\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u8981\u8003\u8651\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u62e5\u585e\u7a0b\u5ea6&#xff08;\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u5b9e\u9645\u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5c31\u662f min(\u62a5\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f, \u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3)\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3\u4f1a\u5927\u4e8e\u62a5\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u65f6\u5019&#xff0c;\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3\u4e3a1&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u6bcf\u6b21\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u4e2aack&#xff0c;\u5c31\u5c06\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e58\u4ee52&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u53d1\u9001\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u50cf\u8fd9\u79cd\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6bd4\u8f83\u5c11\u7136\u540e\u540e\u9762\u6210\u6307\u6570\u589e\u957f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5&#xff0c;\u5c31\u53eb\u505a\u6162\u542f\u52a8&#xff0c;\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5f00\u59cb\u6162\u540e\u9762\u5feb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e0d\u589e\u957f\u7684\u90a3\u4e48\u5feb&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u673a\u5236\u6765\u63a7\u5236&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5355\u7eaf\u5730\u52a0\u500d\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5&#xff0c;\u6162\u542f\u52a8\u9608\u503c\u3002\u5f53\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u8d85\u8fc7\u6162\u542f\u52a8\u9608\u503c\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5c31\u4f1a\u5c06\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0d\u518d\u6307\u6570\u589e\u957f&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u7ebf\u6027\u589e\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u6307\u6570\u589e\u957f\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5feb\u901f\u6062\u590d\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c&#xff0c;\u800c\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u6027\u589e\u957f\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u62e5\u585e\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5f53TCP\u5f00\u59cb\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u65f6\u5019&#xff0c;\u6162\u542f\u52a8\u9608\u503c\u7b49\u4e8e\u7a97\u53e3\u6700\u5927\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u8d85\u65f6\u91cd\u53d1\u7684\u65f6\u5019&#xff0c;\u6162\u542f\u52a8\u9608\u503c\u4f1a\u53d8\u6210\u539f\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u534a&#xff0c;\u540c\u65f6\u62e5\u585e\u7a97\u53e3\u7f6e\u56de1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5c11\u91cf\u7684\u4e22\u5305&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u89e6\u53d1\u8d85\u65f6\u91cd\u4f20&#xff1b;\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u4e22\u5305&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u62e5\u585e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53TCP\u901a\u4fe1\u5f00\u59cb\u540e&#xff0c;\u7f51\u7edc\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u4f1a\u9010\u6e10\u4e0a\u5347&#xff1b;\u968f\u7740\u7f51\u7edc\u53d1\u751f\u62e5\u5835&#xff0c;\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u4f1a\u7acb\u523b\u4e0b\u964d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u62e5\u585e\u63a7\u5236&#xff0c;\u5f52\u6839\u7ed3\u5e95\u662fTCP\u534f\u8bae\u60f3\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5feb\u7684\u628a\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u7ed9\u5bf9\u65b9&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662f\u53c8\u8981\u907f\u514d\u7ed9\u7f51\u7edc\u9020\u6210\u592a\u5927\u538b\u529b\u7684\u6298\u4e2d\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/20261003175003-6ac1404b659ba.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<h5>2.11 \u5ef6\u8fdf\u5e94\u7b54<\/h5>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u7acb\u523b\u8fd4\u56deACK\u5e94\u7b54&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e3a1M\u3002\u4e00\u6b21\u6536\u5230\u4e86500K\u7684\u6570\u636e&#xff1b;\u5982\u679c\u7acb\u523b\u5e94\u7b54&#xff0c;\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u5c31\u662f500K&#xff1b;\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u5904\u7406\u7aef\u5904\u7406\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u5f88\u5feb&#xff0c;10ms\u4e4b\u5185\u5c31\u628a500K\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6d88\u8d39\u6389\u4e86&#xff1b;\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u5904\u7406\u8fd8\u8fdc\u6ca1\u6709\u8fbe\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6781\u9650&#xff0c;\u5373\u4f7f\u7a97\u53e3\u518d\u653e\u5927\u4e00\u4e9b&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u80fd\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u6765&#xff1b;\u5982\u679c\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u7a0d\u5fae\u7b49\u4e00\u4f1a\u518d\u5e94\u7b54&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u7b49\u5f85200ms\u518d\u5e94\u7b54&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\u5c31\u662f1M\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u8bb0\u5f97&#xff0c;\u7a97\u53e3\u8d8a\u5927&#xff0c;\u7f51\u7edc\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u5c31\u8d8a\u5927&#xff0c;\u4f20\u8f93\u6548\u7387\u5c31\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5728\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0d\u62e5\u585e\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5c3d\u91cf\u63d0\u9ad8\u4f20\u8f93\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5305\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5e94\u7b54\u4e48&#xff1f;\u80af\u5b9a\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6570\u91cf\u9650\u5236&#xff1a;\u6bcf\u9694N\u4e2a\u5305\u5c31\u5e94\u7b54\u4e00\u6b21\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u65f6\u95f4\u9650\u5236&#xff1a;\u8d85\u8fc7\u6700\u5927\u5ef6\u8fdf\u65f6\u95f4\u5c31\u5e94\u7b54\u4e00\u6b21\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u4f9d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u540c\u4e5f\u6709\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u4e00\u822cN\u53d62&#xff0c;\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u53d6200ms\u3002<\/p>\n<p>TCP\u5176\u5b9e\u4e0d\u7528\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587\u90fd\u8981\u8fd4\u56deack&#xff0c;\u6709\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4f1a\u7528\u4e00\u4e2aack\u6765\u5e94\u7b54\u591a\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053ack\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7\u5c31\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2aack\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u62a5\u6587\u90fd\u88ab\u63a5\u6536\u4e86&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e00\u4e2aack\u6765\u5e94\u7b54\u591a\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587\u3002 <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/20261003175003-6ac1404b76137.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<h5>2.12 \u634e\u5e26\u5e94\u7b54<\/h5>\n<p>\u5728\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5e94\u7b54\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0&#xff0c;\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u4e5f\u662f\u201c\u4e00\u53d1\u4e00\u6536\u201d\u7684\u3002\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bf4\u4e86\u201cHow are you\u201d&#xff0c;\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e5f\u4f1a\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u201cFine, thank you\u201d\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019ACK\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u642d\u987a\u98ce\u8f66&#xff0c;\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u56de\u5e94\u7684\u201cFine, thank you\u201d\u4e00\u8d77\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002 <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/20261003175003-6ac1404bbb724.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<h5>2.13 \u9762\u5411\u5b57\u8282\u6d41<\/h5>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aTCP\u7684socket&#xff0c;\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d1\u9001\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8c03\u7528write\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u5148\u5199\u5165\u53d1\u9001\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u592a\u957f&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u88ab\u62c6\u5206\u6210\u591a\u4e2aTCP\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u53d1\u51fa\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u592a\u77ed&#xff0c;\u5c31\u4f1a\u5148\u5728\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u91cc\u7b49\u5f85&#xff0c;\u7b49\u5230\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u957f\u5ea6\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u4e86&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u5176\u4ed6\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65f6\u673a\u53d1\u9001\u51fa\u53bb\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65f6\u5019&#xff0c;\u6570\u636e\u4e5f\u662f\u4ece\u7f51\u5361\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5230\u8fbe\u5185\u6838\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7136\u540e\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528read\u4ece\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u62ff\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762&#xff0c;TCP\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u65e2\u6709\u53d1\u9001\u7f13\u51b2\u533a&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u6709\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u53eb\u505a\u5168\u53cc\u5de5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;TCP\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8bfb\u548c\u5199\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e00\u5339\u914d&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5199100\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u636e\u65f6&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528\u4e00\u6b21write\u5199100\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528100\u6b21write&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u6b21\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8bfb100\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u636e\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u5199\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u5199\u7684&#xff0c;\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u6b21read 100\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u6b21read\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282&#xff0c;\u91cd\u590d100\u6b21\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u50cf\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0d\u53d7\u9650\u5236\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u5c31\u53eb\u505a\u9762\u5411\u5b57\u8282\u6d41\u3002\u800c\u50cfUDP\u8fd9\u79cd\u9762\u5411\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u534f\u8bae&#xff0c;\u5219\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587&#xff0c;\u4e00\u6b21\u63a5\u6536\u4e00\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587&#xff0c;\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4f60\u53d110\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587\u6211\u4e00\u6b21\u5c31\u4e00\u8d77\u63a5\u653610\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u60c5\u51b5&#xff0c;\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u9762\u5411\u5b57\u8282\u6d41\u5c31\u662f\u60f3\u600e\u4e48\u8bfb\u600e\u4e48\u8bfb&#xff0c;\u53ea\u8981\u4f60\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u505a\u597d\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e0a\u7684\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u9762\u5411\u5b57\u8282\u6d41\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>2.14 \u7c98\u5305\u95ee\u9898<\/h5>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\u8981\u660e\u786e&#xff0c;\u7c98\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u5305\u201d&#xff0c;\u662f\u6307\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728TCP\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u5934\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u5982\u540cUDP\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u201c\u62a5\u6587\u957f\u5ea6\u201d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e8f\u53f7\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ad9\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6&#xff0c;TCP\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e00\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u3002\u6309\u7167\u5e8f\u53f7\u6392\u597d\u5e8f\u653e\u5728\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ad9\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u770b\u5230\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e32\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e00\u8fde\u4e32\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u5c31\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4ece\u54ea\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u5f00\u59cb\u5230\u54ea\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206&#xff0c;\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u4f55\u907f\u514d\u7c98\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u5462&#xff1f;\u5f52\u6839\u7ed3\u5e95\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u660e\u786e\u4e24\u4e2a\u5305\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b9a\u957f\u7684\u5305&#xff0c;\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u6309\u56fa\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u8bfb\u53d6\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0a\u9762\u7684Request\u7ed3\u6784&#xff0c;\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u7684&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u4ece\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4ece\u5934\u5f00\u59cb\u6309 sizeof(Request) \u4f9d\u6b21\u8bfb\u53d6\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53d8\u957f\u7684\u5305&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5305\u5934\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u7ea6\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u603b\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u5305\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53d8\u957f\u7684\u5305&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5305\u548c\u5305\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u660e\u786e\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26&#xff08;\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae&#xff0c;\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u733f\u81ea\u5df1\u6765\u5b9a\u7684&#xff0c;\u53ea\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u4e0d\u548c\u6b63\u6587\u51b2\u7a81\u5373\u53ef&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u601d\u8003&#xff1a;\u5bf9\u4e8eUDP\u534f\u8bae\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u662f\u5426\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u201c\u7c98\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u201d\u5462&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8eUDP&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0a\u5c42\u4ea4\u4ed8\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;UDP\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u957f\u5ea6\u4ecd\u7136\u5728\u3002\u540c\u65f6&#xff0c;UDP\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e00\u4e2a\u628a\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u4ed8\u7ed9\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u3002\u5c31\u6709\u5f88\u660e\u786e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fb9\u754c\u3002\u7ad9\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528UDP\u7684\u65f6\u5019&#xff0c;\u8981\u4e48\u6536\u5230\u5b8c\u6574\u7684UDP\u62a5\u6587&#xff0c;\u8981\u4e48\u4e0d\u6536\u3002\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u201c\u534a\u4e2a\u201d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>2.15 TCP\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec8\u6b62&#xff1a;\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec8\u6b62\u4f1a\u91ca\u653e\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26&#xff0c;\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u9001FIN\u3002\u548c\u6b63\u5e38\u5173\u95ed\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90\u90fd\u662fos\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u7684&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec8\u6b62\u540e&#xff0c;os\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u548c\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u8c03\u7528close()\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u673a\u5668\u91cd\u542f&#xff1a;\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec8\u6b62\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u673a\u5668\u91cd\u542f\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u4f1a\u5173\u95ed\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u673a\u5668\u6389\u7535\/\u7f51\u7ebf\u65ad\u5f00&#xff1a;\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fde\u63a5\u8fd8\u5728&#xff0c;\u4e00\u65e6\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u6709\u5199\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u53d1\u73b0\u8fde\u63a5\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u5728\u4e86&#xff0c;\u5c31\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884creset\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u6ca1\u6709\u5199\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff0c;TCP\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fdd\u6d3b\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u5b9a\u671f\u8be2\u95ee\u5bf9\u65b9\u662f\u5426\u8fd8\u5728\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5bf9\u65b9\u4e0d\u5728&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4f1a\u628a\u8fde\u63a5\u91ca\u653e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916&#xff0c;\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u534f\u8bae&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u673a\u5236\u3002\u4f8b\u5982HTTP\u957f\u8fde\u63a5\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5b9a\u671f\u68c0\u6d4b\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u4f8b\u5982QQ&#xff0c;\u5728QQ\u65ad\u7ebf\u4e4b\u540e&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5b9a\u671f\u5c1d\u8bd5\u91cd\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>2.16 TCP\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h5>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48TCP\u8fd9\u4e48\u590d\u6742&#xff1f;\u56e0\u4e3a\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u53ef\u9760\u6027&#xff0c;\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u9760\u6027&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6821\u9a8c\u548c<\/li>\n<li>\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7&#xff08;\u6309\u5e8f\u5230\u8fbe&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u786e\u8ba4\u5e94\u7b54<\/li>\n<li>\u8d85\u65f6\u91cd\u53d1<\/li>\n<li>\u8fde\u63a5\u7ba1\u7406<\/li>\n<li>\u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236<\/li>\n<li>\u62e5\u585e\u63a7\u5236<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3<\/li>\n<li>\u5feb\u901f\u91cd\u4f20<\/li>\n<li>\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5e94\u7b54<\/li>\n<li>\u634e\u5e26\u5e94\u7b54<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5176\u4ed6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668&#xff08;\u8d85\u65f6\u91cd\u4f20\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668&#xff0c;\u4fdd\u6d3b\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668&#xff0c;TIME_WAIT\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u7b49&#xff09;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>2.17 \u57fa\u4e8eTCP\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>HTTP<\/li>\n<li>HTTPS<\/li>\n<li>SSH<\/li>\n<li>Telnet<\/li>\n<li>FTP<\/li>\n<li>SMTP<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5f53\u7136&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u5199TCP\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>2.18 TCP\/UDP\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h5>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u4e86TCP\u662f\u53ef\u9760\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u662f\u4e0d\u662fTCP\u4e00\u5b9a\u5c31\u4f18\u4e8eUDP\u5462&#xff1f;TCP\u548cUDP\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u548c\u7f3a\u70b9&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b80\u5355&#xff0c;\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>TCP\u7528\u4e8e\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u60c5\u51b5&#xff0c;\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93&#xff0c;\u91cd\u8981\u72b6\u6001\u66f4\u65b0\u7b49\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>UDP\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u9ad8\u901f\u4f20\u8f93\u548c\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u9886\u57df&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u65e9\u671f\u7684QQ&#xff0c;\u89c6\u9891\u4f20\u8f93\u7b49\u3002\u53e6\u5916UDP\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5e7f\u64ad\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5f52\u6839\u7ed3\u5e95&#xff0c;TCP\u548cUDP\u90fd\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u7684\u5de5\u5177&#xff0c;\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u673a\u7528&#xff0c;\u5177\u4f53\u600e\u4e48\u7528&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u662f\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u573a\u666f\u53bb\u5224\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>2.19 \u7528UDP\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93&#xff08;\u7ecf\u5178\u9762\u8bd5\u9898&#xff09;<\/h5>\n<p>\u53c2\u8003TCP\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u673a\u5236&#xff0c;\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5f15\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7&#xff0c;\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u987a\u5e8f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5f15\u5165\u786e\u8ba4\u5e94\u7b54&#xff0c;\u786e\u4fdd\u5bf9\u7aef\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5f15\u5165\u8d85\u65f6\u91cd\u4f20&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u9694\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u5e94\u7b54&#xff0c;\u5c31\u91cd\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>2.20 listen\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570<\/h5>\n<p>tcp\u534f\u8bae\u8981\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5c42\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u961f\u5217&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u7b49\u5f85\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5927\u5c0f&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662flisten\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6211\u4eec\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u5229\u7528\u7387&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5b58\u5728\u8d44\u6e90\u6d6a\u8d39\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u5728\u9ad8\u5cf0\u671f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e00\u76f4\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u5904\u7406\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u9ad8\u5cf0\u671f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u7b49\u5f85\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u6765&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u53d6\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u961f\u5217\u4e0d\u80fd\u592a\u5c0f\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u592a\u5927\u3002\u5982\u679c\u592a\u5c0f&#xff0c;\u5219\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fde\u63a5\u4e22\u5931\u3002\u5982\u679c\u592a\u5927&#xff0c;\u5219\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8d44\u6e90\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5&#xff0c;\u6765\u8c03\u6574listen\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7406\u89e3listen\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u4e8e\u521a\u624d\u5c01\u88c5\u7684TcpSocket\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;listen\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a2&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u8c03\u7528accept\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u65f6\u542f\u52a83\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u540c\u65f6\u8fde\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;\u7528netstat\u67e5\u770b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u4e00\u5207\u6b63\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u542f\u52a8\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u65f6&#xff0c;\u53d1\u73b0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5b58\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u72b6\u6001\u6b63\u5e38&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86SYN_RECV\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662fESTABLISHED\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a&#xff0c;Linux\u5185\u6838\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2atcp\u8fde\u63a5\u7ba1\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u961f\u5217&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u534a\u94fe\u63a5\u961f\u5217&#xff08;\u7528\u6765\u4fdd\u5b58\u5904\u4e8eSYN_SENT\u548cSYN_RECV\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u5168\u8fde\u63a5\u961f\u5217&#xff08;accept\u961f\u5217&#xff09;&#xff08;\u7528\u6765\u4fdd\u5b58\u5904\u4e8eestablished\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u6ca1\u6709\u8c03\u7528accept\u53d6\u8d70\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42&#xff09;<\/li>\n<p>\u800c\u5168\u8fde\u63a5\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230listen\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5168\u8fde\u63a5\u961f\u5217\u6ee1\u4e86\u7684\u65f6\u5019&#xff0c;\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ee7\u7eed\u8ba9\u5f53\u524d\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8fdb\u5165established\u72b6\u6001\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5b9e\u9a8c\u53ef\u77e5&#xff0c;\u662flisten\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570&#043;1\u3002\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5c31\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u534a\u94fe\u63a5\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u534a\u8fde\u63a5\u72b6\u6001\u6301\u7eed\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u4ecd\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u5efa\u7acb\u6210\u529f&#xff0c;\u5219\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u6df1\u5ea6\u62c6\u89e3&#xff1a;\u7aef\u53e3\u5bfb\u5740\u3001UDP \u62a5\u6587\u4e0e TCP \u53ef\u9760\u6027\u673a\u5236\u5168\u89e3\u6790\u4e00\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u8303\u56f4\u5212\u5206\u8ba4\u8bc6\u77e5\u540d\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7&#xff08;Well-Known Port Number&#xff09;netstatpidof\u4e8c\u3001UDP\u534f\u8bae1. UDP\u534f\u8bae\u7aef\u683c\u5f0f2. UDP\u7684\u7279\u70b93. \u9762\u5411\u6570\u636e\u62a54. UDP\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a5. UDP\u4f7f\u7528\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u98796. \u57fa\u4e8eUDP\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u4e09\u3001TCP\u534f\u8bae1. TCP\u534f\u8bae\u6bb5\u683c\u5f0f2. 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