\n https:\/\/gitcode.com\/gh_mirrors\/ho\/howtographql<\/span> <\/p>\n
\u70b9\u51fb\u67e5\u770b<\/span> \u514d\u8d39\u4e0b\u8f7d<\/span> <\/span> <\/p>\n \u672c\u6587\u57fa\u4e8e HowToGraphQL \u6559\u7a0b\u4ed3\u5e93（The Fullstack Tutorial for GraphQL）\u4e2d TypeScript + Nexus + Apollo Server \u540e\u7aef\u6559\u7a0b\u7684\u7b2c 5 \u7ae0 content\/backend\/typescript-apollo\/5-connecting-server-and-database.md，\u8bb2\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7 resolver \u7684 context \u53c2\u6570\u628a Prisma Client \u5b9e\u4f8b\u63a5\u5165 Apollo Server，\u5e76\u628a\u6b64\u524d\u57fa\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u6570\u7ec4\u7684 feed \u67e5\u8be2\u4e0e post \u53d8\u66f4\u91cd\u6784\u4e3a\u771f\u5b9e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bfb\u5199\u3002\u8bfb\u5b8c\u672c\u7bc7，\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u5b8c\u6210"context \u63a5\u7ebf + Nexus \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7c7b\u578b\u58f0\u660e + resolver \u6301\u4e45\u5316\u6539\u9020 + \u6570\u636e\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u9a8c\u8bc1"\u8fd9\u5957\u5b8c\u6574\u94fe\u8def，\u5e76\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u7528\u6237\u5173\u8054\u7b49\u8fdb\u9636\u529f\u80fd\u6253\u4e0b\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n \u5728 HowToGraphQL \u7684 typescript-apollo \u6559\u7a0b\u8f68\u9053\u4e2d，\u672c\u7ae0\u4e4b\u524d\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5de5\u4f5c（\u5bf9\u5e94 1-getting-started.md\u30012-a-simple-query.md\u30013-a-simple-mutation.md\u30014-adding-a-database.md）：<\/p>\n \/\/ prisma\/schema.prisma generator client { model Link { \u4f46\u6b64\u65f6 GraphQL resolver \u4ecd\u7136\u4f9d\u8d56 src\/graphql\/Link.ts \u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5b58 links \u6570\u7ec4\u548c idCount \u53d8\u91cf：\u4e00\u65e6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u91cd\u542f，\u6240\u6709"\u63d0\u4ea4"\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u90fd\u4f1a\u4e22\u5931\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u2014\u2014\u628a GraphQL \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e SQLite \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u771f\u6b63\u8fde\u8d77\u6765，\u8ba9\u6570\u636e\u8de8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n \u56de\u987e\u524d\u51e0\u7ae0\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba：\u6bcf\u4e2a GraphQL resolver \u51fd\u6570\u56fa\u5b9a\u63a5\u6536\u56db\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u2014\u2014parent（\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ea7 resolver \u7684\u7ed3\u679c）\u3001args（\u64cd\u4f5c\u53c2\u6570）\u3001context（\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5bf9\u8c61）\u3001info（\u6267\u884c\u5143\u4fe1\u606f）\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u805a\u7126\u6b64\u524d\u5c1a\u672a\u5c55\u5f00\u7684 context\u3002<\/p>\n \u6309\u539f\u6587\u6863\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u63cf\u8ff0：<\/p>\n \u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u672c\u7ae0 frontmatter \u4e2d\u914d\u5957\u6d4b\u9a8c\u9898\u7684\u8003\u70b9：<\/p>\n \u95ee\u9898：GraphQL resolver \u4e2d\u7684 context \u53c2\u6570\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f5c\u7528？<\/p>\n \u6b63\u786e\u7b54\u6848：It lets resolvers communicate with each other（\u5b83\u8ba9 resolver \u4e4b\u95f4\u80fd\u591f\u76f8\u4e92\u901a\u4fe1）\u3002<\/p>\n \u5176\u4f59\u4e09\u4e2a\u5e72\u6270\u9879（"\u603b\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbf\u95ee"\u3001"\u643a\u5e26\u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570"\u3001"\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba4\u8bc1"）\u90fd\u4e0d\u51c6\u786e：context \u5e76\u4e0d\u5929\u7136\u7ed1\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5e93，\u643a\u5e26\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u662f args，\u8ba4\u8bc1\u53ea\u662f context \u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u7528\u9014\u4e4b\u4e00（\u89c1 6-authentication.md）\u3002<\/p>\n \u51fa\u4e8e\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u8003\u8651，\u539f\u6587\u6863\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a context.ts \u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u627f\u8f7d context \u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u7684 src \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6：<\/p>\n # \u9879\u76ee\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e3a hackernews-typescript\/ \u7136\u540e\u5728 src\/context.ts \u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49 Context \u63a5\u53e3\u5e76\u5bfc\u51fa context \u5bf9\u8c61：<\/p>\n \/\/ src\/context.ts export interface Context { \/\/ 1 export const context: Context = { \/\/ 2 \u9010\u6761\u7406\u89e3：<\/p>\n Nexus \u662f code-first \u7684 schema \u6784\u5efa\u5e93，\u5b83\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210 nexus-typegen.ts（TypeScript \u7c7b\u578b）\u4e0e schema.graphql（SDL），\u5e76\u636e\u6b64\u5bf9\u6240\u6709 resolver \u7b7e\u540d\u505a\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9 Nexus \u77e5\u9053 context \u7684\u786e\u5207\u7c7b\u578b，\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539 src\/schema.ts \u4e2d\u7684 makeSchema \u8c03\u7528，\u65b0\u589e contextType \u914d\u7f6e：<\/p>\n \/\/ src\/schema.ts \u4e24\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u7684\u542b\u4e49：<\/p>\n \u914d\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6210\u540e，Nexus \u4f1a\u786e\u4fdd\u6240\u6709 resolver \u7684 context \u53c2\u6570\u90fd\u5339\u914d Context \u63a5\u53e3\u2014\u2014\u5982\u679c\u5728 resolver \u91cc\u5199 context.xxx \u800c xxx \u4e0d\u5728 Context \u4e2d，TypeScript \u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u62a5\u9519\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e Nexus"\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u4fdd\u8bc1 schema \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0e\u5b9e\u73b0\u540c\u6b65"\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u8109\u76f8\u627f（\u8be5\u673a\u5236\u5728 1-getting-started.md \u4e2d\u5df2\u4ecb\u7ecd）\u3002<\/p>\n \u5728 src\/index.ts \u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165 context \u5e76\u4f20\u5165 ApolloServer \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570：<\/p>\n \/\/ src\/index.ts export const server = new ApolloServer({ \u4ece\u6b64，ApolloServer \u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u65f6，context \u5bf9\u8c61\u5c31\u5e26\u7740 PrismaClient \u5b9e\u4f8b（\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u4e3a prisma）\u88ab\u521d\u59cb\u5316；\u6240\u6709 resolver \u5185\u90e8\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 context.prisma \u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n \u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6362\u6210\u771f\u5b9e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540e，src\/graphql\/Link.ts \u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5b58 links \u6570\u7ec4\u548c idCount \u53d8\u91cf\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u5b58\u5728\u610f\u4e49\u4e86，\u5e94\u6574\u4f53\u5220\u9664\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u4eec\u53ea\u5728\u524d\u4e00\u7ae0\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e34\u65f6\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u751f\u6210\u81ea\u589e id，\u800c\u8fd9\u4e24\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u522b\u7531 SQLite \u8868\u548c @id @default(autoincrement()) \u5c5e\u6027\u63a5\u7ba1\u3002<\/p>\n \u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u7684 resolver \u6709\u4e24\u4e2a：feed \u67e5\u8be2\u548c post \u53d8\u66f4\u3002<\/p>\n \/\/ src\/graphql\/Link.ts export const LinkQuery = extendType({ export const LinkMutation = extendType({ \u4e24\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u6539\u52a8：<\/p>\n \u6ce8\u610f（\u5f02\u6b65\u8bed\u4e49）：Prisma \u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de Promise \u5bf9\u8c61，\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbf\u95ee\u662f\u5f02\u6b65\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0a\u9762\u4e24\u4e2a resolver \u5b9e\u9645\u90fd\u662f\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a Promise\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u95ee\u9898\u2014\u2014Apollo Server \u80fd\u591f\u68c0\u6d4b resolver \u8fd4\u56de\u7684 Promise \u5e76\u81ea\u52a8\u89e3\u6790\u5176\u7ed3\u679c，\u65e0\u9700\u5728 resolver \u5185\u624b\u52a8 await\u3002<\/p>\n \u6539\u9020\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1（npm run dev，\u5373 ts-node-dev –transpile-only –no-notify –exit-child src\/index.ts），\u5728 Apollo Studio \u4e2d\u53d1\u9001\u4e0e\u524d\u51e0\u7ae0\u76f8\u540c\u7684 feed \u67e5\u8be2\u548c post \u53d8\u66f4：<\/p>\n # \u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u6709\u94fe\u63a5 # \u63d0\u4ea4\u4e00\u6761\u65b0\u94fe\u63a5 \u4e0e\u524d\u51e0\u7ae0\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e：\u8fd9\u6b21\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u4f1a\u88ab\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5230 prisma\/schema.prisma \u4e2d url = "file:.\/dev.db" \u6307\u5411\u7684 SQLite \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5373\u4f7f\u6740\u6389\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u5668，\u518d\u6b21\u6267\u884c feed \u67e5\u8be2\u4f9d\u7136\u80fd\u62ff\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u6240\u6709\u94fe\u63a5\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u672c\u7ae0\u6539\u9020\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6548\u679c，\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0e"\u5185\u5b58\u6570\u7ec4\u65b9\u6848"\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n \u987a\u5e26\u56de\u987e\u539f\u6587\u6863\u603b\u7ed3\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41：\u6bcf\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316，\u6309"\u4fee\u6539 Prisma \u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b \u2192 \u7528 prisma migrate \u8fc1\u79fb\u6570\u636e\u5e93 \u2192 （\u91cd\u65b0）\u751f\u6210 Prisma Client \u2192 \u5728\u5e94\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 Prisma Client"\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u63a8\u8fdb\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n \u4ece\u6574\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u89c6\u89d2\u770b，\u672c\u7ae0\u8865\u9f50\u4e86 Prisma\/GraphQL \u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u95ed\u73af：<\/p>\n \u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4，Prisma Client \u5c31\u662f schema.prisma \u6a21\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49\u5230\u5e94\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6865\u6881：\u6a21\u578b\u600e\u4e48\u5199，CRUD \u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u957f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837，\u4e14\u5168\u90e8\u5e26 TypeScript \u7c7b\u578b（\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u539f\u6587\u6863\u9f13\u52b1\u8bfb\u8005\u4eb2\u624b\u8f93\u5165\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u5229\u7528\u81ea\u52a8\u8865\u5168\u63a2\u7d22 API \u7684\u539f\u56e0）\u3002<\/p>\n \u672c\u7ae0\u53ea\u5f80 context \u4e0a\u6302\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a prisma，\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u56de\u62a5\u4f1a\u968f\u9879\u76ee\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5347\u800c\u653e\u5927\u3002\u7d27\u63a5\u7740\u7684 6-authentication.md \u5c31\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u8303\u4f8b：\u5728 Prisma \u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u65b0\u589e User \u6a21\u578b\u3001\u6267\u884c npx prisma migrate dev –name "add-user-model" \u8fc1\u79fb\u540e，src\/graphql\/User.ts \u4e2d\u7684 resolver \u4f9d\u7136\u901a\u8fc7\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a context.prisma \u5b8c\u6210 findUnique \u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u7531\u4e8e Context \u63a5\u53e3\u5df2\u5728 context.ts \u4e2d\u96c6\u4e2d\u58f0\u660e，\u672a\u6765\u82e5\u9700\u8ffd\u52a0\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7528\u6237\u3001\u9274\u6743\u5934\u7b49\u5b57\u6bb5，\u53ea\u9700\u6269\u5c55\u63a5\u53e3\u5e76\u540c\u6b65 makeSchema \u7684 contextType \u58f0\u660e，Nexus \u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u5230\u6240\u6709 resolver\u3002<\/p>\n \u4f5c\u4e3a\u8865\u5145\u8bf4\u660e，\u672c\u4ed3\u5e93\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u7528 Gatsby \u6784\u5efa\u7684\u6559\u7a0b\u7ad9\u70b9：meta\/writing-guidelines.md \u89c4\u5b9a\u6bcf\u7ae0\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u5e26 frontmatter（title\u3001description\u3001question\u3001answers\u3001correctAnswer）\u7684\u5355\u4e2a Markdown \u6587\u4ef6，\u5176\u4e2d\u540e\u4e09\u9879\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u7ae0\u672b\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u9898；\u6b63\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b65\u9aa4\u4f7f\u7528 <Instruction> \u6807\u7b7e\u6807\u6ce8，\u7531 src\/components\/Tutorials\/Instruction.tsx \u6e32\u67d3\u6210\u9ad8\u4eae\u64cd\u4f5c\u5757，\u7ae0\u672b\u6d4b\u9a8c\u5219\u7531 src\/components\/Quiz\/Quiz.tsx \u6839\u636e frontmatter \u6570\u636e\u6e32\u67d3\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4，\u4f60\u5728\u4ed3\u5e93\u91cc\u8bfb\u5230\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ae0，\u65e2\u662f\u6559\u5b66\u6587\u672c，\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u5957\u88ab\u7ad9\u70b9\u7ec4\u4ef6\u76f4\u63a5\u6d88\u8d39\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n \u672c\u7ae0\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86 HowToGraphQL typescript-apollo \u6559\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4e00\u6b65：\u501f\u52a9 resolver \u7684 context \u53c2\u6570，\u628a Prisma Client \u4ece"\u811a\u672c\u91cc\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u5de5\u5177"\u53d8\u6210\u4e86"\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5168\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u4f9d\u8d56"\u3002\u4e09\u5904\u6539\u52a8（context.ts \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3001schema.ts \u58f0\u660e contextType\u3001index.ts \u4f20\u5165 context）\u52a0\u4e0a resolver \u7684\u4e24\u5904\u66ff\u6362（links \u6570\u7ec4 \u2192 prisma.link.findMany()，\u624b\u5de5 push \u2192 prisma.link.create()），\u5373\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4ece\u5185\u5b58\u5b58\u50a8\u5230 SQLite \u6301\u4e45\u5316\u7684\u5e73\u6ed1\u8fc1\u79fb，\u540c\u65f6\u5168\u7a0b\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86 Nexus + TypeScript \u7684\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u7c7b\u578b\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n \u80cc\u666f：\u672c\u7ae0\u5728\u6559\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/h3>\n
\n
\ndatasource db {
\n provider = "sqlite"
\n url = "file:.\/dev.db"
\n}<\/p>\n
\n provider = "prisma-client-js"
\n}<\/p>\n
\n id Int @id @default(autoincrement())
\n createdAt DateTime @default(now())
\n description String
\n url String
\n}<\/p>\n\n
\u6838\u5fc3\u673a\u5236：resolver \u7684 context \u53c2\u6570<\/h3>\n
\n
\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65：\u521b\u5efa context.ts \u5e76\u6302\u8f7d PrismaClient<\/h3>\n
\ntouch src\/context.ts<\/p>\n
\nimport { PrismaClient } from "@prisma\/client";
\nexport const prisma = new PrismaClient();<\/p>\n
\n prisma: PrismaClient;
\n}<\/p>\n
\n prisma,
\n};<\/p>\n\n
\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65：\u5411 Nexus \u58f0\u660e context \u7c7b\u578b<\/h3>\n
\nexport const schema = makeSchema({
\n types,
\n outputs: {
\n typegen: join(process.cwd(), "nexus-typegen.ts"),
\n schema: join(process.cwd(), "schema.graphql"),
\n },
\n contextType: {
\n module: join(process.cwd(), ".\/src\/context.ts"), \/\/ 1
\n export: "Context", \/\/ 2
\n },
\n});<\/p>\n\n
\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65：\u628a context \u63a5\u5165 ApolloServer<\/h3>\n
\nimport { context } from ".\/context";<\/p>\n
\n schema,
\n context,
\n});<\/p>\n\u7b2c\u56db\u6b65：\u91cd\u6784 resolver，\u5207\u6362\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bfb\u5199<\/h3>\n
\nimport { extendType, nonNull, objectType, stringArg } from "nexus";<\/p>\n
\n type: "Query",
\n definition(t) {
\n t.nonNull.list.nonNull.field("feed", {
\n type: "Link",
\n resolve(parent, args, context) {
\n return context.prisma.link.findMany(); \/\/ 1
\n },
\n });
\n },
\n});<\/p>\n
\n type: "Mutation",
\n definition(t) {
\n t.nonNull.field("post", {
\n type: "Link",
\n args: {
\n description: nonNull(stringArg()),
\n url: nonNull(stringArg()),
\n },
\n resolve(parent, args, context) {
\n const newLink = context.prisma.link.create({ \/\/ 2
\n data: {
\n description: args.description,
\n url: args.url,
\n },
\n });
\n return newLink;
\n },
\n });
\n },
\n});<\/p>\n\n
\u9a8c\u8bc1：\u6570\u636e\u5df2\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5230 SQLite<\/h3>\n
\nquery {
\n feed {
\n id
\n url
\n description
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\nmutation {
\n post(url: "www.prisma.io", description: "Next-generation Node.js and TypeScript ORM") {
\n id
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n\u7406\u89e3 PrismaClient：\u7531 schema.prisma \u751f\u6210\u7684 CRUD API<\/h3>\n
\u540e\u7eed\u5ef6\u4f38：context \u7684\u6269\u5c55\u4ef7\u503c<\/h3>\n
\u9644\u5f55：\u672c\u7bc7\u5185\u5bb9\u5728 HowToGraphQL \u4ed3\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u627f\u8f7d\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h3>\n
\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h3>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/20261003015707-6ac060f32ea36.svg\"){kind=icon}
\u8d5e<\/span> <\/p>\n