{"id":109937,"date":"2026-09-25T09:08:49","date_gmt":"2026-09-25T01:08:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/109937.html"},"modified":"2026-09-25T09:08:49","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T01:08:49","slug":"c%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e6%97%a5%e8%ae%b0-day5%ef%bc%9a%e6%9e%84%e9%80%a0%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b0-%e6%9e%90%e6%9e%84%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b0%e6%b7%b1%e6%8b%b7%e8%b4%9d%e6%b5%85%e6%8b%b7%e8%b4%9d%e5%88%9d","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/109937.html","title":{"rendered":"C++\u5b66\u4e60\u65e5\u8bb0 Day5\uff1a\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\/\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570+\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d&amp;\u6d45\u62f7\u8d1d+\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>## \u4eca\u5929\u5b66\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48<\/p>\n<p>\u4eca\u5929\u5b66\u4e60C&#043;&#043;\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u548c\u6e05\u7406&#xff1a;\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\/\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\u4e0e\u6d45\u62f7\u8d1d\u3001\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<p>## \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u7528&#xff1a;\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u5728\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61\u6210\u5458\u5c5e\u6027\u8d4b\u503c&#xff0c;\u7531\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528&#xff0c;\u65e0\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u8c03\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a;\u7c7b\u540d&#xff08;&#xff09;{}<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8fd4\u56de\u503c&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5199void&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u4e0e\u7c7b\u540d\u76f8\u540c&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u751f\u91cd\u8f7d&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570&#xff0c;\u65e0\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u8c03\u7528&#xff0c;\u4e14\u53ea\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u4e00\u6b21\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>### \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u548c\u8c03\u7528<\/p>\n<p>\u4e24\u79cd\u5206\u7c7b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53c2\u6570&#xff1a;\u6709\u53c2\u6784\u9020\u3001\u65e0\u53c2\u6784\u9020&#xff08;\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6784\u9020&#xff09;&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u7c7b\u578b&#xff1a;\u666e\u901a\u6784\u9020\u3001\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e09\u79cd\u8c03\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u62ec\u53f7\u6cd5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>Person p;\u00a0 \/\/\u9ed8\u8ba4<\/p>\n<p>Person p1(10);\u00a0 \/\/Person (int a) \u6709\u53c2<\/p>\n<p>Person p2(p1);\u00a0 \/\/ \u62f7\u8d1d<\/p>\n<p>*\u6ce8&#xff1a;\u8c03\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6784\u9020\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u8981\u5199Person p&#xff08;&#xff09;\u3002\u539f\u56e0&#xff1a;\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u58f0\u660e&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u663e\u793a\u6cd5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>Person p3&#061;Person (10);\u00a0 \/\/\u6709\u53c2\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Person (10)&#xff1b;\u00a0\/\/\u533f\u540d\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n<p>Person p4&#061;Person (p3);\u00a0 \/\/\u62f7\u8d1d<\/p>\n<p>\u533f\u540d\u5bf9\u8c61\u7279\u70b9&#xff1a;\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\u540e&#xff0c;\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u56de\u6536\u533f\u540d\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>*\u6ce8&#xff1a;\u4e0d\u8981\u5229\u7528\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u533f\u540d\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff0c;\u4f8b&#xff1a; Person (p3); \u539f\u56e0&#xff1a;\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u58f0\u660e&#xff0c;\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e Person p3;\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u6cd5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Person p5&#061;10;\u00a0 \/\/\u6709\u53c2 &#061;&#061; Person p5&#061;Person (10);\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Person p6&#061;p5;\u00a0 \/\/\u62f7\u8d1d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>### \u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u673a<\/p>\n<p>\u2460\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u7ecf\u521b\u5efa\u5b8c\u6bd5\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>Person p;<\/p>\n<p>Person p1(p);<\/p>\n<p>\u2461\u503c\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7ed9\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u503c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>void test(Person p) {\u2026}<\/p>\n<p>\u2026\u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Person p;<\/p>\n<p>test(p);\u00a0\u00a0 \u2026<\/p>\n<p>\u2462\u4ee5\u503c\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u5c40\u90e8\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>Person test()\u00a0{<\/p>\n<p>Person p;<\/p>\n<p>return p;\u00a0}<\/p>\n<p>*\u6ce8&#xff1a;Release\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u76f4\u63a5 return p \u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1NRVO&#xff08;\u5177\u540d\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4f18\u5316&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8df3\u8fc7\u62f7\u8d1d&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u5916\u63a5\u6536\u53d8\u91cfp1\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u539f\u5730\u6784\u9020\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff1b;Debug\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u65e0\u4f18\u5316&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>### \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u89c4\u5219<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u81f3\u5c11\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u6dfb\u52a03\u4e2a\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570&#xff08;\u7a7a\u5b9e\u73b0&#xff09;\u3001\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570&#xff08;\u7a7a\u5b9e\u73b0&#xff09;\u3001\u62f7\u8d1d\u51fd\u6570&#xff08;\u503c\u62f7\u8d1d&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5199\u4e86\u6709\u53c2\u6784\u9020&#xff0c;\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4e0d\u518d\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4f1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u81ea\u5df1\u5199\u4e86\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020&#xff0c;\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4e0d\u518d\u63d0\u4f9b\u5176\u4ed6\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>### \u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d&amp;\u6d45\u62f7\u8d1d<\/p>\n<p>\u6d45\u62f7\u8d1d&#xff1a;\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8d4b\u503c\u62f7\u8d1d\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff1b;<\/p>\n<p>\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d&#xff1a;\u5728\u5806\u533a\u91cd\u65b0\u7533\u8bf7\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u884c\u62f7\u8d1d\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8c03\u8bd5\u9a8c\u8bc1&#xff1a;\u6253\u5f00visual studio2022&#xff0c;\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aPerson\u7c7b&#xff0c;\u5728\u5806\u533a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u8eab\u9ad8\u53d8\u91cf&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5199\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>class Person<br \/>\n{<br \/>\npublic:<\/p>\n<p>Person()<br \/>\n{<br \/>\ncout &lt;&lt; &#034;Person\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570&#034; &lt;&lt; endl;<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>Person(int age,int height)<br \/>\n{<br \/>\ncout &lt;&lt; &#034;Person\u7684\u6709\u53c2\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570&#034; &lt;&lt; endl;<br \/>\nm_height &#061;new int(height);<br \/>\nm_age &#061; age;<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>~Person()<br \/>\n{<br \/>\nif (m_height !&#061; nullptr)<br \/>\n{<br \/>\ndelete m_height;<br \/>\nm_height &#061; nullptr;<br \/>\n}<br \/>\ncout &lt;&lt; &#034;Person\u7684\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570&#034; &lt;&lt; endl;<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>int m_age;<br \/>\nint* m_height;<br \/>\n};<\/p>\n<p>void test03()<br \/>\n{<br \/>\nPerson p(18, 160);<br \/>\ncout &lt;&lt; &#034;\u5e74\u9f84&#xff1a; &#034; &lt;&lt; p.m_age &lt;&lt; &#034; \u8eab\u9ad8&#xff1a; &#034; &lt;&lt; *p.m_height &lt;&lt; endl;<\/p>\n<p>Person p1(p);<br \/>\ncout &lt;&lt; &#034;\u5e74\u9f84&#xff1a; &#034; &lt;&lt; p.m_age &lt;&lt; &#034; \u8eab\u9ad8&#xff1a; &#034; &lt;&lt; *p1.m_height &lt;&lt; endl;<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>int main()<br \/>\n{<br \/>\n    test03();<br \/>\n    return 0;<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd0\u884c\u62a5\u9519&#xff0c;\u5728\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u65ad\u70b9&#xff0c;\u9010\u6b65\u8c03\u8bd5&#xff0c;\u53d1\u73b0p.m_height\u548cp1.m_height\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4e00\u6a21\u4e00\u6837&#xff0c;\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1&#xff0c;\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6d45\u62f7\u8d1d&#xff0c;\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5806\u533a\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u5bfc\u81f4\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u6790\u6784\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5806\u533a\u5185\u5b58\u88ab\u91cd\u590d\u91ca\u653e&#xff0c;\u7a0b\u5e8f\u62a5\u9519\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u5728\u5806\u533a\u5f00\u8f9f\u72ec\u7acb\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b58\u653e\u62f7\u8d1d\u5730\u5740&#xff0c;\u91cd\u5199\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>Person(const Person&amp; p)<br \/>\n{<br \/>\ncout &lt;&lt; &#034;Person\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570&#034; &lt;&lt; endl;<br \/>\nm_age &#061; p.m_age;<br \/>\nm_height&#061;new int(*p.m_height);<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>\u9519\u8bef\u903b\u8f91\u601d\u8003&#xff1a;\u5728\u6790\u6784\u91cc\u9762\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709if\u5224\u65adm_height\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd8\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u539f\u56e0&#xff1a;p.m_height&#xff0c;p1.m_height\u5b58\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u503c\u4f20\u9012\u62f7\u8d1d\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u5730\u5740&#xff0c;\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57&#xff0c;\u5373\u4f7fp1\u6267\u884c\u6790\u6784\u91ca\u653e\u4e86\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5806\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;p.m_height\u7684\u503c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u6539\u53d8&#xff0c;\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e4b\u524d\u5b58\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5f53p\u6267\u884c\u6790\u6784\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u9519\u8bef&#xff0c;\u91cd\u590d\u91ca\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>### \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868<\/p>\n<p>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e&#xff1a;const\u5e38\u91cf\u6210\u5458\u3001\u5f15\u7528\u6210\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a;\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570&#xff08;&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u5c5e\u60271&#xff08;\u503c1&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5c5e\u60272&#xff08;\u503c2&#xff09;\u2026{}<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b&#xff1a;Person(int age, int height): m_height(new int(height)),m_age(age)<br \/>\n{<br \/>\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u2026<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>## \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u7528&#xff1a;\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u5728\u4e8e\u5bf9\u8c61\u9500\u6bc1\u524d\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528&#xff0c;\u6267\u884c\u6e05\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a;~\u7c7b\u540d&#xff08;&#xff09;{}<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8fd4\u56de\u503c&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5199void&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u4e0e\u7c7b\u540d\u76f8\u540c&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u6ca1\u6709\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u751f\u91cd\u8f7d&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528&#xff0c;\u65e0\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u8c03\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>*\u6ce8&#xff1a;\u6784\u9020\u548c\u6790\u6784\u5fc5\u987b\u6709&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u5199&#xff0c;\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u6784\u9020\/\u6790\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<p>## \u8865\u5145<\/p>\n<p>** NULL\u4e0enullptr\u7684\u533a\u522b **<\/p>\n<p>NULL&#xff1a;\u5b8f&#xff0c;\u7b49\u4ef7\u6574\u65700&#xff0c;\u91cd\u8f7d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9009\u9519\u51fd\u6570\u3002&#xff08;\u53ea\u662f\u6570\u5b570&#xff0c;\u91cd\u8f7d\u4f1a\u5339\u914dint&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>nullptr&#xff1a;C&#043;&#043;11\u5173\u952e\u5b57&#xff0c;\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e8e\u7a7a\u6307\u9488&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4f1a\u548cint\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>** \u6808\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u5806\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6784\u9020\u6790\u6784\u987a\u5e8f **<\/p>\n<p>\u2460\u6808&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>Person p1;<\/p>\n<p>Person p2;<\/p>\n<p>\u6784\u9020&#xff1a;p1-p2<\/p>\n<p>\u6790\u6784&#xff1a;p2-p1\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5148\u8fdb\u540e\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u2461\u5806&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>Person\u00a0*p1&#061;new Person&#xff08;&#xff09;;<\/p>\n<p>Person *p2&#061;new Person&#xff08;&#xff09;;<\/p>\n<p>delete p1;<\/p>\n<p>delete 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