{"id":108537,"date":"2026-09-22T01:25:30","date_gmt":"2026-09-21T17:25:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/108537.html"},"modified":"2026-09-22T01:25:30","modified_gmt":"2026-09-21T17:25:30","slug":"linux%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e6%8c%87%e4%bb%a4%ef%bc%88%e4%b8%80%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/108537.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u57fa\u672c\u6307\u4ee4\uff08\u4e00\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>1. ls \u6307\u4ee4<\/li>\n<li>2. pwd \u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n<li>3. cd \u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n<li>4. touch \u6307\u4ee4<\/li>\n<li>5. mkdir \u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n<li>6. rm \u6307\u4ee4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>1. ls\u6307\u4ee4<\/h2>\n<p>\u529f\u80fd&#xff1a;ls \u662f list \u7684\u7f29\u5199&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9&#xff08;\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>ls [\u9009\u9879] [\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u4ef6] <\/p>\n<p>\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u9009\u9879&#xff08;\u5fc5\u987b\u638c\u63e1&#xff09;&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u9009\u9879\u82f1\u6587\u5168\u79f0\u4f5c\u7528<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>-a<\/td>\n<td>all<\/td>\n<td>\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5 . \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;. \u4ee3\u8868\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;.. \u4ee3\u8868\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55&#xff09;\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-l<\/td>\n<td>long<\/td>\n<td>\u4ee5\u957f\u683c\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u4fe1\u606f&#xff08;\u6743\u9650\u3001\u94fe\u63a5\u6570\u3001\u6240\u6709\u8005\u3001\u7ec4\u3001\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u540d&#xff09;\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-F<\/td>\n<td>classify<\/td>\n<td>\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u540e\u9644\u4e0a\u7c7b\u578b\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26&#xff08;\/ \u4ee3\u8868\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;* \u4ee3\u8868\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;&#064; \u4ee3\u8868\u94fe\u63a5&#xff09;\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-n<\/td>\n<td>numeric-uid-gid<\/td>\n<td>\u7c7b\u4f3c -l&#xff0c;\u4f46\u663e\u793a\u6570\u5b57\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684 UID \u548c GID&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u7ec4\u540d\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-h<\/td>\n<td>human-readable<\/td>\n<td>\u914d\u5408 -l \u4f7f\u7528&#xff0c;\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u4ee5\u4eba\u7c7b\u6613\u8bfb\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u663e\u793a&#xff08;\u5982 K, M, G&#xff09;\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u76ee\u524dLinux\u4e2d\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p># 1. \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a test_ls \u7684\u4e3b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u76ee\u5f55<br \/>\nmkdir test_ls<br \/>\n2. \u8fdb\u5165\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55<br \/>\ncd test_ls<br \/>\n3. \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a dir1 \u7684\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55<br \/>\nmkdir dir1<br \/>\n4. \u521b\u5efa\u4e24\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6<br \/>\ntouch file1.txt file2.txt<br \/>\n5. \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;\u4ee5 . \u5f00\u5934&#xff09;<br \/>\ntouch .hidden_file <\/p>\n<h3><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"272\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260921172526-6ab16886891e5.png\" width=\"620\" \/><\/h3>\n<h3>1.1&#xff1a;\u57fa\u7840\u5217\u8868<\/h3>\n<p>ls <\/p>\n<p>\u8f93\u51fa&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"90\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260921172527-6ab1688710ad6.png\" width=\"988\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b&#xff0c;ls \u53ea\u5217\u51fa\u975e\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5e76\u6309\u5217\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u4f60\u770b\u4e0d\u5230 .hidden_file\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h3>1.2&#xff1a;\u67e5\u770b\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6 (-a)<\/h3>\n<p>ls -a <\/p>\n<p>\u8f93\u51fa&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"155\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260921172527-6ab1688728f68.png\" width=\"835\" \/><\/p>\n<p>-a \u8ba9\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6\u73b0\u5f62\u3002\u4f60\u4f1a\u770b\u5230 . (\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55) \u548c .. (\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55)&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u53ca\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u7684 .hidden_file<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h3>1.3&#xff1a; \u957f\u683c\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6 (-a -l \u6216 -al)<\/h3>\n<p>ls -al <\/p>\n<p>\u8f93\u51fa&#xff1a;<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"265\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260921172527-6ab168874569b.png\" width=\"984\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u89e3\u6790&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>total 12&#xff1a;\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5757\u603b\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217&#xff08;\u5982 drwxr-xr-x&#xff09;&#xff1a;d \u5f00\u5934\u8868\u793a\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;- \u5f00\u5934\u8868\u793a\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u540e\u9762\u662f\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u3001\u56db\u5217&#xff08;root root&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u6240\u6709\u8005\u548c\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e94\u5217&#xff08;4096, 0&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f&#xff08;\u5b57\u8282&#xff09;\u3002\u76ee\u5f55\u901a\u5e38\u663e\u793a 4096\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u540e\u9762\u4f9d\u6b21\u662f\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>1.4&#xff1a; \u533a\u5206\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b(-F)<\/h3>\n<p>ls -aF <\/p>\n<p>\u8f93\u51fa&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"124\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260921172527-6ab168876809b.png\" width=\"699\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f\u89c2\u5bdf&#xff0c;\u76ee\u5f55 dir1 \u540e\u9762\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a \/&#xff0c;\u800c\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\u9762\u6ca1\u6709\u3002\u8fd9\u80fd\u8ba9\u4f60\u4e00\u773c\u770b\u51fa\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h3>1.5&#xff1a; \u663e\u793a\u6570\u5b57 UID\/GID (-n)<\/h3>\n<p>ls -aln <\/p>\n<p>\u8f93\u51fa&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"259\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260921172527-6ab168877dbc5.png\" width=\"819\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u662f root \u7528\u6237&#xff0c;UID \u548c GID \u90fd\u662f 0\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u7c7b\u4f3c 1000 \u7684\u6570\u5b57&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u6237\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h3>1.6&#xff1a;\u4eba\u7c7b\u6613\u8bfb\u7684\u5927\u5c0f (-h)<\/h3>\n<p>ls -lh <\/p>\n<p>\u8f93\u51fa&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"192\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260921172527-6ab16887a0c24.png\" width=\"741\" \/><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2>2. <span style=\"color:#1f2329\">pwd \u547d\u4ee4<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u76ee\u524dLinux\u4e2d\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p># 1. \u5728\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u7ea7\u6d4b\u8bd5\u76ee\u5f55&#xff08;\u4f7f\u7528 -p \u9012\u5f52\u521b\u5efa&#xff09;<br \/>\nmkdir -p \/root\/pwd_test\/level1\/level2<br \/>\n2. \u8fdb\u5165\u6700\u5916\u5c42\u6d4b\u8bd5\u76ee\u5f55<br \/>\ncd \/root\/pwd_test <\/p>\n<p>\u6307\u4ee4\u5168\u79f0&#xff1a;Print Working Directory&#xff08;\u6253\u5370\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u529f\u80fd&#xff1a;\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u6240\u5728\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n<p>pwd [\u9009\u9879] <\/p>\n<p>\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\u8865\u5145&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84&#xff1a;\u4ee5 \/ \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982 \/root\/pwd_test\/level1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84&#xff1a;\u4e0d\u4ee5 \/ \u5f00\u5934&#xff0c;\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8def\u5f84&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982 level1\/level2\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>pwd \u6c38\u8fdc\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u662f\u5b83\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"116\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260921172527-6ab16887b8e77.png\" width=\"751\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>2.1 \u8fdb\u5165\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u540e\u67e5\u770b\u8def\u5f84<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"256\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260921172527-6ab16887ce2da.png\" width=\"672\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84 cd level1 \u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>pwd \u8f93\u51fa\u968f\u4e4b\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a \/root\/pwd_test\/level1&#xff0c;\u51c6\u786e\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u6240\u5728\u5c42\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8fd9\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86 pwd \u662f\u52a8\u6001\u7684&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u968f cd \u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u65f6\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2.2 \u7ee7\u7eed\u6df1\u5165\u591a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"124\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260921172527-6ab16887e7b1c.png\" width=\"745\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u6bcf\u6df1\u5165\u4e00\u5c42&#xff0c;pwd \u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u5c31\u4f1a\u8ffd\u52a0\u4e00\u5c42\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u65e0\u8bba\u76ee\u5f55\u5d4c\u5957\u591a\u6df1&#xff0c;pwd \u90fd\u80fd\u5b8c\u6574\u5730\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u4ece\u6839 \/ \u5230\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u94fe\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2.3 \u8fd4\u56de\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u540e\u67e5\u770b\u8def\u5f84<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"128\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260921172528-6ab1688809aad.png\" width=\"890\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>cd .. \u56de\u5230\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u540e&#xff0c;pwd \u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4e5f\u76f8\u5e94\u56de\u9000\u4e86\u4e00\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8fd9\u518d\u6b21\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e86 pwd \u4e0e\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u540c\u6b65\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>3. cd\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n<p>\u76ee\u524dLinux\u4e2d\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"316\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260921172528-6ab16888242e8.png\" width=\"931\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6307\u4ee4\u5168\u79f0&#xff1a;Change Directory&#xff08;\u5207\u6362\u76ee\u5f55&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u529f\u80fd&#xff1a;\u5207\u6362\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>cd [\u76ee\u5f55\u8def\u5f84] <\/p>\n<p>\u6838\u5fc3\u7528\u6cd5\u8be6\u89e3&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u547d\u4ee4\u4f5c\u7528\u8bf4\u660e<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>cd \u76ee\u5f55\u540d<\/td>\n<td>\u8fdb\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>\n<td>\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u6216\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>cd ..<\/td>\n<td>\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>\n<td>.. \u4ee3\u8868\u7236\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>cd .<\/td>\n<td>\u8fdb\u5165\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>\n<td>\u7b49\u4e8e\u6ca1\u52a8&#xff0c;\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5360\u4f4d\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>cd ~<\/td>\n<td>\u56de\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>\n<td>root \u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u662f \/root\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>cd<\/td>\n<td>\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e cd ~<\/td>\n<td>\u76f4\u63a5\u6572 cd \u4e0d\u5e26\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u56de\u5230 home\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>cd &#8211;<\/td>\n<td>\u56de\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b21\u6240\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>\n<td>\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e4b\u95f4\u5feb\u901f\u6765\u56de\u5207\u6362&#xff0c;\u975e\u5e38\u5b9e\u7528\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>cd \/<\/td>\n<td>\u8fdb\u5165\u6839\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>\n<td>\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84&#xff1a;\u4ee5 \/ \u5f00\u5934&#xff0c;\u4ece\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u51fa\u53d1&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982 cd \/root\/cd_test\/level1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84&#xff1a;\u4e0d\u4ee5 \/ \u5f00\u5934&#xff0c;\u4ece\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u51fa\u53d1&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982 cd level1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3.1&#xff1a;\u8fdb\u5165\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55&#xff08;\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84&#xff09;<\/h3>\n<p>cd level1<br \/>\npwd <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"130\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260921172528-6ab16888496d6.png\" width=\"592\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84 level1 \u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7ed3\u5408 pwd \u786e\u8ba4\u5207\u6362\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3.2&#xff1a;\u7ee7\u7eed\u6df1\u5165\u591a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n<p>cd level2<br \/>\npwd <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"147\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260921172528-6ab168885f99c.png\" width=\"794\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5728 level1 \u4e2d\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u5165 level2&#xff0c;\u6210\u529f\u6df1\u5165\u5230\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3.3&#xff1a;\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ea7 (..)<\/h3>\n<p>cd ..<br \/>\npwd <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"140\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260921172528-6ab168887eff9.png\" width=\"865\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>cd .. \u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e4b\u4e00&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u6b21\u56de\u9000\u4e00\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u4f60\u4ece level2 \u56de\u5230\u4e86 level1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3.4&#xff1a;\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u8fd4\u56de\u591a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n<p># \u4ece level1 \u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u56de\u5230 cd_test<br \/>\ncd ..\/..<br \/>\npwd <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"146\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260921172528-6ab1688899fe2.png\" width=\"747\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>..\/.. \u8868\u793a\u201c\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ea7\u7684\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ea7\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u4f60\u5728 \/root\/cd_test\/level1&#xff0c;\u5f80\u4e0a\u4e24\u7ea7\u5c31\u5230\u4e86 \/root\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6280\u5de7&#xff1a;\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fde\u7eed\u7528 ..\/..\/.. \u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u8df3\u56de\u591a\u5c42&#xff0c;\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3>3.5&#xff1a;\u4f7f\u7528\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u5207\u6362<\/h3>\n<p>cd \/root\/cd_test\/level1\/sibling<br \/>\npwd <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"146\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260921172528-6ab16888b0cd7.png\" width=\"906\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u4ee5 \/ \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84&#xff0c;\u4ece\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u51fa\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u65e0\u8bba\u5f53\u524d\u5728\u54ea\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u90fd\u80fd\u51c6\u786e\u5230\u8fbe\u76ee\u6807\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3>3.6&#xff1a;\u56de\u5230\u4e0a\u6b21\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55 (cd -)<\/h3>\n<p>cd &#8211;<br \/>\npwd <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"230\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260921172528-6ab16888cc2c8.png\" width=\"901\" \/><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u4f60\u4e4b\u524d\u4ece root\u8df3\u5230\u4e86 sibling&#xff0c;\u73b0\u5728\u7528 cd &#8211; \u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u56de\u4e86 root\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u518d\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21 cd -&#xff0c;\u53c8\u4f1a\u8df3\u56de sibling\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7528\u9014&#xff1a;\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e4b\u95f4\u9891\u7e41\u5207\u6362\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u6572\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84\u5feb\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3>3.7 \u56de\u5230\u7528\u6237\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55 (cd ~ )<\/h3>\n<p>cd ~<br \/>\npwd <\/p>\n<h3><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"166\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260921172528-6ab16888ee285.png\" width=\"765\" \/><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u65e0\u8bba\u5f53\u524d\u5728\u54ea\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;cd ~ \u6216\u76f4\u63a5\u6572 cd \u90fd\u4f1a\u56de\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55&#xff08;root \u7528\u6237\u662f \/root&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u201c\u4e00\u952e\u56de\u5bb6\u201d\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3.8&#xff1a;\u56de\u5230\u6839\u76ee\u5f55 (cd \/)<\/h3>\n<p>cd \/<br \/>\npwd <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"112\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260921172529-6ab1688913e4b.png\" width=\"630\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>cd \/ \u8fdb\u5165\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u6574\u4e2a Linux \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8d77\u70b9&#xff0c;\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u76ee\u5f55\u90fd\u5728\u5b83\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>4. touch\u6307\u4ee4<\/h2>\n<p>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p># 1. \u521b\u5efa\u5e76\u8fdb\u5165\u6d4b\u8bd5\u76ee\u5f55<br \/>\nmkdir -p \/root\/touch_test<br \/>\ncd \/root\/touch_test<br \/>\n2. \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6<br \/>\nmkdir dir<br \/>\ntouch file.txt <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"162\" src=\"2026-09-22uvctwvfion2.png\" width=\"837\" \/><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u6307\u4ee4\u5168\u79f0&#xff1a;touch&#xff08;\u89e6\u6478&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u529f\u80fd&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u7a7a\u6587\u4ef6&#xff1a;\u5982\u679c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u5219\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a 0 \u7684\u7a7a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u6233&#xff1a;\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u5219\u66f4\u65b0\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\u95f4&#xff08;atime&#xff09;\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4&#xff08;mtime&#xff09;\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<p>touch [\u9009\u9879] \u6587\u4ef6\u540d&#8230; <\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u65e0\u9009\u9879<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u6587\u4ef6&#xff1b;\u82e5\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u5219\u540c\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0 Access \u548c Modify \u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-a<\/td>\n<td>access<\/td>\n<td>\u53ea\u66f4\u6539\u5b58\u53d6\u65f6\u95f4&#xff08;Access time&#xff09;\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-m<\/td>\n<td>modify<\/td>\n<td>\u53ea\u66f4\u6539\u53d8\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4&#xff08;Modify time&#xff09;\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-c<\/td>\n<td>no-create<\/td>\n<td>\u4e0d\u5efa\u7acb\u4efb\u4f55\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa&#xff08;\u622a\u56fe\u6587\u5b57\u6709\u7b14\u8bef&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u9645\u662f no-create \u7684\u610f\u601d&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e00\u822c\u6211\u4eec\u591a\u7528 -a \u548c -m&#xff0c;-c \u77e5\u9053\u5373\u53ef&#xff09;\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Linux \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4&#xff1a; \u5728\u622a\u56fe\u4e2d&#xff0c;stat \u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u662f\u7406\u89e3 touch \u7684\u5173\u952e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\n<p>Access Time (atime)&#xff1a;\u6587\u4ef6\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u88ab\u8bfb\u53d6\/\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Modify Time (mtime)&#xff1a;\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Change Time (ctime)&#xff1a;\u6587\u4ef6\u5143\u6570\u636e&#xff08;\u5c5e\u6027&#xff09;\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u88ab\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u65f6\u95f4&#xff08;\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;\u6743\u9650\u3001\u6240\u6709\u8005\u3001\u94fe\u63a5\u6570&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005 atime\/mtime \u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u65f6&#xff0c;ctime \u4e5f\u4f1a\u8ddf\u7740\u53d8&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<h3>4.1 \u521b\u5efa\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6 &amp; \u67e5\u770b\u5b8c\u6574\u65f6\u95f4\u4fe1\u606f<\/h3>\n<p># 1. \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55<br \/>\nls<br \/>\n2. \u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6<br \/>\ntouch newFile.txt<br \/>\n3. \u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\u786e\u8ba4\u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f<br \/>\nls<br \/>\n4. \u4f7f\u7528 stat \u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u65f6\u95f4\u4fe1\u606f<br \/>\nstat newFile.txt <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"385\" src=\"2026-09-22scmxhy3xrho.png\" width=\"1203\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u65b0\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6&#xff0c;Access\u3001Modify\u3001Change \u4e09\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u90fd\u88ab\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Size: 0 \u8bc1\u660e touch \u521b\u5efa\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3>4.2&#xff1a;\u4fee\u6539 Access \u65f6\u95f4 (-a)<\/h3>\n<p># \u4fee\u6539 Access \u65f6\u95f4<br \/>\ntouch -a newFile.txt<br \/>\n\u518d\u6b21\u67e5\u770b\u72b6\u6001<br \/>\nstat newFile.txt <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"298\" src=\"2026-09-22y1ncsxe5vpr.png\" width=\"1187\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Modify \u6ca1\u53d8&#xff1a;\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u4e86 -a&#xff0c;\u53ea\u9488\u5bf9 Access \u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Change \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u53d8\u4e86&#xff1f; \u56e0\u4e3a Change \u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u6027\/\u5143\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u6ca1\u53d8&#xff0c;\u4f46\u6587\u4ef6\u7684 Access \u65f6\u95f4\u5c5e\u6027\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u4e86&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u4fee\u6539\u5c5e\u6027\u201d\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u672c\u8eab&#xff0c;\u5c31\u4f1a\u66f4\u65b0 Change \u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u603b\u7ed3&#xff1a;\u53ea\u8981\u4f60\u52a8\u4e86 atime \u6216 mtime&#xff0c;ctime \u5fc5\u5b9a\u4f1a\u53d8\u6210\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3>4.3&#xff1a;\u4fee\u6539 Modify \u65f6\u95f4 (-m)<\/h3>\n<p># \u4fee\u6539 Modify \u65f6\u95f4<br \/>\ntouch -m newFile.txt<br \/>\n\u518d\u6b21\u67e5\u770b\u72b6\u6001<br \/>\nstat newFile.txt <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"286\" src=\"2026-09-22um1bxiyrboh.png\" width=\"1178\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6b21 Modify \u65f6\u95f4\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u800c Access \u4fdd\u6301\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u540c\u6837&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\u5143\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;Change \u65f6\u95f4\u4e5f\u540c\u6b65\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a\u6700\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>4.4&#xff1a; -c<\/p>\n<p># \u5c1d\u8bd5\u4fee\u6539\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<br \/>\ntouch -c not_exist.txt<br \/>\n\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6<br \/>\nls <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"133\" src=\"2026-09-22z3dkm5dbx3j.png\" width=\"864\" \/><\/p>\n<p>(not_exist.txt \u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u521b\u5efa)<\/p>\n<p>\u89e3\u6790&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>-c (&#8211;no-create) \u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f&#xff1a;\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u5c31\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u4e0d\u505a&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u7528\u4e8e\u9632\u6b62\u811a\u672c\u8bef\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>5. mkdir\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p># 1. \u521b\u5efa\u5e76\u8fdb\u5165\u6d4b\u8bd5\u76ee\u5f55<br \/>\nmkdir -p \/root\/mkdir_test<br \/>\ncd \/root\/mkdir_test<br \/>\n2. \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6<br \/>\nmkdir dir<br \/>\ntouch file.txt newFile.txt <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"339\" src=\"2026-09-22zufjpyx0msm.png\" width=\"1107\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6307\u4ee4\u5168\u79f0&#xff1a;make directories&#xff08;\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u529f\u80fd&#xff1a;\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a \u201cdirname\u201d \u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>mkdir [\u9009\u9879] \u76ee\u5f55\u540d&#8230; <\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u9009\u9879\u82f1\u6587\u5168\u79f0\u4f5c\u7528<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u65e0\u9009\u9879<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>\u521b\u5efa\u5355\u7ea7\u7a7a\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u82e5\u7236\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u5df2\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-p<\/td>\n<td>parents<\/td>\n<td>\u9012\u5f52\u521b\u5efa\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u82e5\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u76ee\u5f55\u5c1a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u52a0\u4e0a\u6b64\u9009\u9879\u540e&#xff0c;\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u5efa\u7acb\u597d\u90a3\u4e9b\u5c1a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u5373\u4e00\u6b21\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5355\u7ea7\u521b\u5efa&#xff1a;mkdir dir \u2014\u2014 \u53ea\u80fd\u5efa\u4e00\u5c42&#xff0c;\u7236\u76ee\u5f55\u5fc5\u987b\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u9012\u5f52\u521b\u5efa&#xff1a;mkdir -p a\/b\/c\/d \u2014\u2014 \u65e0\u8bba\u591a\u6df1&#xff0c;\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u5efa\u597d\u6240\u6709\u7f3a\u5931\u7684\u7236\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6279\u91cf\u521b\u5efa&#xff1a;mkdir dir1 dir2 dir3 \u2014\u2014 \u7528\u7a7a\u683c\u9694\u5f00&#xff0c;\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u540c\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>5.1&#xff1a;\u521b\u5efa\u666e\u901a\u7a7a\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n<p># 1. \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u72b6\u6001<br \/>\nls -l<br \/>\n2. \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a mydir \u7684\u76ee\u5f55<br \/>\nmkdir mydir<br \/>\n3. \u518d\u6b21\u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\u72b6\u6001<br \/>\nls -l <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"351\" src=\"2026-09-22cyhydvcvxow.png\" width=\"958\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u89c2\u5bdf ls -l \u7684\u8f93\u51fa&#xff0c;mydir \u90a3\u4e00\u884c\u4ee5 d \u5f00\u5934&#xff0c;\u4ee3\u8868\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55&#xff08;directory&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f mkdir \u6700\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u7528\u6cd5&#xff1a;\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u7ea7\u7a7a\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>5.2&#xff1a;\u9012\u5f52\u5efa\u7acb\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u521b\u5efa\u6307\u5b9a\u8def\u5f84<\/h3>\n<p># \u9012\u5f52\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55<br \/>\nmkdir -p path1\/path2\/path3\/path4<br \/>\n\u67e5\u770b\u7ed3\u679c<br \/>\nls -l <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"540\" src=\"2026-09-220k2rvqlbqym.png\" width=\"1072\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u7528 -p&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u6572 mkdir path1\/path2\/path3\/path4 \u4f1a\u62a5\u9519&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a path1 \u8fd8\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa path2\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u52a0\u4e0a -p \u540e&#xff0c;\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u52a8\u9010\u7ea7\u521b\u5efa\u4e86 path1\u3001path2\u3001path3\u3001path4 \u5168\u90e8\u56db\u5c42\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>5.3&#xff1a;\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u540c\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n<p>mkdir dir1 dir2 dir3<br \/>\nls <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"123\" src=\"2026-09-225iommoijqrj.png\" width=\"972\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\u7528\u7a7a\u683c\u5206\u9694\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u540d&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u540c\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6bd4\u6572\u4e09\u6b21 mkdir \u9ad8\u6548\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>6. <span style=\"color:#1f2329\">rm \u6307\u4ee4<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>rm \u7528\u4e8e\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u6f14\u793a\u5404\u79cd\u5220\u9664\u573a\u666f&#xff08;\u5220\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u5220\u7a7a\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u5220\u975e\u7a7a\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u5f3a\u5236\u5220\u9664\u7b49&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u642d\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u591a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p># 1. \u521b\u5efa\u5e76\u8fdb\u5165\u6d4b\u8bd5\u76ee\u5f55<br \/>\nmkdir -p \/root\/rm_test<br \/>\ncd \/root\/rm_test<br \/>\n2. \u521b\u5efa\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u7684\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6<br \/>\ntouch file1.txt file2.txt<br \/>\n3. \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u76ee\u5f55<br \/>\nmkdir empty_dir<br \/>\n4. \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u7a7a\u76ee\u5f55&#xff08;\u91cc\u9762\u653e\u6587\u4ef6&#xff09;<br \/>\nmkdir -p not_empty_dir\/sub_dir<br \/>\ntouch not_empty_dir\/inner_file.txt<br \/>\n5. \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5f3a\u5236\u5220\u9664\u7684\u53ea\u8bfb\u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;\u6a21\u62df\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u60c5\u51b5&#xff09;<br \/>\ntouch read_only.txt<br \/>\nchmod 444 read_only.txt <\/p>\n<p>mkdir dir<br \/>\ntouch file.txt newFile.txt<\/p>\n<p>mkdir -p path1\/path2<br \/>\ntouch path1\/myfile.txt<br \/>\ntouch path1\/path2\/myfile.txt <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"515\" src=\"2026-09-22zxv21y2ry2r.png\" width=\"1052\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"686\" src=\"2026-09-22qoohzs51xxb.png\" width=\"951\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6307\u4ee4\u5168\u79f0&#xff1a;remove&#xff08;\u79fb\u9664\/\u5220\u9664&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u529f\u80fd&#xff1a;\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>rm [\u9009\u9879] \u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55&#8230; <\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u9009\u9879\u82f1\u6587\u5168\u79f0\u4f5c\u7528<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u65e0\u9009\u9879<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>\u53ea\u80fd\u5220\u9664\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u82e5\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u62a5\u9519 Is a directory\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-r \/ -R<\/td>\n<td>recursive<\/td>\n<td>\u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u3002\u7528\u4e8e\u5220\u9664\u76ee\u5f55\u53ca\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9&#xff08;\u5305\u62ec\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55&#xff09;\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-f<\/td>\n<td>force<\/td>\n<td>\u5f3a\u5236\u5220\u9664\u3002\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u63d0\u793a\u786e\u8ba4&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664&#xff08;\u5e38\u914d\u5408 -r \u4f7f\u7528&#xff09;\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-i<\/td>\n<td>interactive<\/td>\n<td>\u4ea4\u4e92\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5220\u9664\u524d\u9010\u4e2a\u8be2\u95ee\u786e\u8ba4&#xff08;y \u786e\u8ba4&#xff0c;n \u53d6\u6d88&#xff09;\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Linux \u6ca1\u6709\u56de\u6536\u7ad9&#xff01;rm \u5220\u9664\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6781\u96be\u6062\u590d\u3002\u5207\u5fcc\u5728\u6839\u76ee\u5f55 \/ \u4e0b\u968f\u610f\u6267\u884c rm -rf *\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3>6.1&#xff1a;\u5220\u9664\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<p># 1. \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u72b6\u6001&#xff08;\u4f7f\u7528 ll \u6216 ls -l&#xff09;<br \/>\nls -l<br \/>\n2. \u5220\u9664\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6 file.txt<br \/>\nrm file.txt<br \/>\n3. \u518d\u6b21\u67e5\u770b&#xff0c;\u786e\u8ba4\u5220\u9664\u6210\u529f<br \/>\nls -l <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"622\" src=\"2026-09-22rxfwxr035ue.png\" width=\"909\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>rm file.txt \u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u62a5\u9519\u6216\u63d0\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f rm \u6700\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3>6.2&#xff1a;\u5220\u9664\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n<p># \u5c1d\u8bd5\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664\u76ee\u5f55 dir<br \/>\nrm dir <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"128\" src=\"2026-09-224t4fqektc20.png\" width=\"731\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u76f4\u63a5 rm \u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519 Is a directory\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8fd9\u8bc1\u660e rm \u9ed8\u8ba4\u53ea\u80fd\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u80fd\u5220\u9664\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u5fc5\u987b\u52a0 -r \u9009\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>6.3&#xff1a;\u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n<p># \u4f7f\u7528 -r \u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664 dir \u76ee\u5f55<br \/>\nrm -r dir<br \/>\n\u67e5\u770b\u7ed3\u679c<br \/>\nls -l <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"310\" src=\"2026-09-225l400lfphdp.png\" width=\"827\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u52a0\u4e0a -r \u540e&#xff0c;rm \u6210\u529f\u5220\u9664\u4e86\u76ee\u5f55 dir\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u90e8\u6709\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;-r \u4e5f\u4f1a\u4e00\u5e76\u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>6.4&#xff1a;\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u524d\u8be2\u95ee &#xff08;-i&#xff09;<\/h3>\n<p># \u4f7f\u7528 -i \u5220\u9664 newFile.txt<br \/>\nrm -i newFile.txt <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"329\" src=\"2026-09-22byskwt0buzz.png\" width=\"849\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>-i (interactive) \u4f1a\u5728\u5220\u9664\u524d\u8be2\u95ee y\/n\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8f93\u5165 y \u786e\u8ba4\u5220\u9664&#xff0c;\u8f93\u5165 n \u5219\u53d6\u6d88\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u9009\u9879&#xff0c;\u9002\u5408\u5728\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\u73af\u5883\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>6.5&#xff1a;\u5220\u9664\u591a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u524d\u9010\u4e00\u8be2\u95ee&#xff08;-ri&#xff09;<\/h3>\n<p># 1. \u5148\u9012\u5f52\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55 d\/d\/d\/d<br \/>\nmkdir -p d\/d\/d\/d<br \/>\n2. \u67e5\u770b\u7ed3\u6784&#xff08;\u4f7f\u7528 tree&#xff09;<br \/>\ntree d<br \/>\n3. \u4f7f\u7528 -ri \u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664<br \/>\nrm -ri d <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"701\" src=\"2026-09-22cppnqfnl2tu.png\" width=\"927\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 -ri \u5220\u9664\u591a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u65f6&#xff0c;\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u4e00\u5c42\u4e00\u5c42\u5730\u8be2\u95ee\u4f60\u662f\u5426\u8fdb\u5165\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u662f\u5426\u5220\u9664\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8fd9\u975e\u5e38\u5b89\u5168&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6df1\u5c42\u76ee\u5f55\u6765\u8bf4\u64cd\u4f5c\u5f88\u7e41\u7410&#xff0c;\u9002\u5408\u5b66\u4e60\u9636\u6bb5\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3>6.6&#xff1a;\u9012\u5f52\u5f3a\u5236\u5220\u9664&#xff08;-f \u4e0e -rf &#xff09;<\/h3>\n<p># \u5c1d\u8bd5\u53ea\u52a0 -f \u5220\u9664\u975e\u7a7a\u76ee\u5f55 path1<br \/>\nrm -f path1 <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"510\" src=\"2026-09-22l24piojjjoh.png\" width=\"987\" \/><\/p>\n<p>-f \u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u201c\u4e0d\u63d0\u793a\u3001\u5f3a\u5236\u201d&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5b83\u4e0d\u8d1f\u8d23\u9012\u5f52\u5904\u7406\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u5220\u9664\u76ee\u5f55\u5fc5\u987b\u6709 -r\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p># 1. \u5148\u67e5\u770b path1 \u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784<br \/>\ntree path1<br \/>\n2. \u4f7f\u7528 -rf \u5f3a\u5236\u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664<br \/>\nrm -rf path1<br \/>\n3. \u67e5\u770b\u7ed3\u679c<br \/>\nls -l <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"440\" src=\"2026-09-22pgwgk3e1jn5.png\" width=\"912\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>rm -rf path1 \u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u4e5f\u6700\u5371\u9669\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5b83\u4f1a\u65e0\u63d0\u793a\u3001\u65e0\u786e\u8ba4\u3001\u5f3a\u5236\u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664 path1 \u53ca\u5176\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u52a1\u5fc5\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u7528 ls \u6216 pwd \u786e\u8ba4\u5f53\u524d\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e&#xff01;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u76ee\u5f55<br \/>\n1. ls \u6307\u4ee42. pwd \u547d\u4ee43. cd \u547d\u4ee44. touch \u6307\u4ee45. mkdir \u547d\u4ee46. rm \u6307\u4ee4<br \/>\n1. ls\u6307\u4ee4<br \/>\n\u529f\u80fd&#xff1a;ls \u662f list \u7684\u7f29\u5199&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9&#xff08;\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55&#xff09;\u3002<br \/>\n\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a;<br \/>\nls [\u9009\u9879] [\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u4ef6]<br \/>\n\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879&#xff1a;<br \/>\n\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u9009\u9879&#xff08;\u5fc5\u987b\u638c\u63e1&#xff09;&#xff1a;<br \/>\n\u9009\u9879\u82f1\u6587\u5168\u79f0\u4f5c\u7528-aall\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6&amp;#xf<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":108517,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[58],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-108537","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server","tag-linux"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Linux\u57fa\u672c\u6307\u4ee4\uff08\u4e00\uff09 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/108537.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Linux\u57fa\u672c\u6307\u4ee4\uff08\u4e00\uff09 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u76ee\u5f55 1. ls \u6307\u4ee42. pwd \u547d\u4ee43. cd \u547d\u4ee44. touch \u6307\u4ee45. mkdir \u547d\u4ee46. rm \u6307\u4ee4 1. ls\u6307\u4ee4 \u529f\u80fd&#xff1a;ls \u662f list \u7684\u7f29\u5199&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9&#xff08;\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55&#xff09;\u3002 \u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a; ls [\u9009\u9879] [\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u4ef6] \u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879&#xff1a; \u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u9009\u9879&#xff08;\u5fc5\u987b\u638c\u63e1&#xff09;&#xff1a; \u9009\u9879\u82f1\u6587\u5168\u79f0\u4f5c\u7528-aall\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6&amp;#xf\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/108537.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-09-21T17:25:30+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260921172526-6ab16886891e5.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u4f5c\u8005\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 \u5206\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/108537.html\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/108537.html\",\"name\":\"Linux\u57fa\u672c\u6307\u4ee4\uff08\u4e00\uff09 - 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\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/108537.html","og_locale":"zh_CN","og_type":"article","og_title":"Linux\u57fa\u672c\u6307\u4ee4\uff08\u4e00\uff09 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","og_description":"\u76ee\u5f55 1. ls \u6307\u4ee42. pwd \u547d\u4ee43. cd \u547d\u4ee44. touch \u6307\u4ee45. mkdir \u547d\u4ee46. rm \u6307\u4ee4 1. ls\u6307\u4ee4 \u529f\u80fd&#xff1a;ls \u662f list \u7684\u7f29\u5199&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9&#xff08;\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55&#xff09;\u3002 \u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a; ls [\u9009\u9879] [\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u4ef6] \u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879&#xff1a; \u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u9009\u9879&#xff08;\u5fc5\u987b\u638c\u63e1&#xff09;&#xff1a; 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