{"id":107866,"date":"2026-09-20T13:40:50","date_gmt":"2026-09-20T05:40:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/107866.html"},"modified":"2026-09-20T13:40:50","modified_gmt":"2026-09-20T05:40:50","slug":"%e3%80%90%e7%ad%91%e5%9f%ba%c2%b7059%e3%80%91linux%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e8%a1%8c%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8%ef%bc%9a%e5%b7%a5%e7%a8%8b%e5%b8%88%e7%9a%84%e6%93%8d%e4%bd%9c%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/107866.html","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u7b51\u57fa\u00b7059\u3011Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5165\u95e8\uff1a\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edfLinux\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n<h2>\u3010\u7b51\u57fa\u00b7059\u3011Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5165\u95e8&#xff1a;\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h2>\n<p>\u7801\u519c\u4fee\u4ed9\u4f20 \u00b7 \u7b51\u57fa\u671f \u00b7 \u7b2c59\u7bc7 \u6211\u662f\u7384\u82af\u6563\u4eba&#xff0c;\u5e26\u4f60\u4ece\u70bc\u6c14\u4fee\u5230\u5927\u4e58\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u5883\u754c\u6807\u8bc6<\/h3>\n<p>\u2554\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2557<br \/>\n\u2551     \u7b51\u57fa\u671f \u00b7 \u7b2c59\u7bc7              \u2551<br \/>\n\u2551     Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5165\u95e8              \u2551<br \/>\n\u2551     \u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb&#xff1a;15\u5206\u949f              \u2551<br \/>\n\u255a\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u255d<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u4fee\u4ed9\u5f15\u5165<\/h3>\n<p>\u4fee\u4ed9\u754c\u6709\u53e5\u8bdd&#xff1a;\u6cd5\u5668\u518d\u597d&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5982\u81ea\u8eab\u4fee\u4e3a\u624e\u5b9e\u3002\u4f60\u5728Windows\u4e0b\u70b9\u9f20\u6807\u80fd\u5e72\u7684\u4e8b&#xff0c;Linux\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u80fd\u641e\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e14\u5feb\u5341\u500d\u3002\u4f46\u5f88\u591a\u70bc\u6c14\u671f\u6bd5\u4e1a\u7684\u5f1f\u5b50&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u4e86\u7b51\u57fa\u671f\u8fd8\u662f\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762&#xff0c;\u770b\u5230\u9ed1\u8272\u7ec8\u7aef\u5c31\u53d1\u6035\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u9ad8\u6df1\u529f\u592b&#xff0c;\u5b83\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u5957\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u4f60\u8ddf\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bf4&#034;\u5217\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&#034;&#xff0c;\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u5217\u7ed9\u4f60\u770b\u3002\u4f60\u8bf4&#034;\u628a\u542berror\u7684\u884c\u627e\u51fa\u6765&#034;&#xff0c;\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u5e2e\u4f60\u627e\u3002\u5b66\u4f1a\u8fd9\u5957\u8bed\u8a00\u4e4b\u540e&#xff0c;\u4f60\u5e72\u5404\u79cd\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u6548\u7387\u90fd\u4f1a\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53f0\u9636\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bb2Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u8986\u76d6\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u6587\u672c\u641c\u7d22&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u8bb2\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u7ba1\u9053\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411&#xff0c;\u6700\u540e\u8bf4\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u786c\u6838\u4e3b\u4f53<\/h3>\n<h4>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u5fc5\u987b\u4f1a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c<\/h4>\n<p>\u4f60\u5728\u516c\u53f8\u5199\u7684\u4ee3\u7801&#xff0c;\u6700\u7ec8\u8dd1\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6ca1\u6709\u663e\u793a\u5668&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u9f20\u6807&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u684c\u9762\u73af\u5883\u3002\u4f60\u901a\u8fc7SSH\u8fde\u4e0a\u53bb&#xff0c;\u9762\u524d\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed1\u8272\u7a97\u53e3\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5149\u6807\u3002\u4f60\u4e0d\u4f1a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c&#xff0c;\u7b49\u4e8e\u4e0a\u4e86\u6218\u573a\u6ca1\u5e26\u6b66\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e2a\u597d\u5904&#xff1a;\u53ef\u590d\u5236\u53ef\u811a\u672c\u5316\u3002\u4f60\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u6572\u4e86\u5341\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u641e\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u90e8\u7f72&#xff0c;\u628a\u8fd9\u5341\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u5199\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\u5c31\u662f\u811a\u672c&#xff0c;\u4e0b\u6b21\u4e00\u952e\u6267\u884c\u3002\u9f20\u6807\u70b9\u5341\u6b21\u6ca1\u6cd5\u590d\u7528&#xff0c;\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff1a;ls\u548ccd\u548ccp\u548cmv\u548crm<\/h4>\n<p>ls\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u662f\u4f60\u6572\u5f97\u6700\u591a\u7684\u547d\u4ee4&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">ls<\/span>                    <span class=\"token comment\"># \u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">ls<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-l<\/span>                 <span class=\"token comment\"># \u957f\u683c\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u663e\u793a\u6743\u9650\/\u5927\u5c0f\/\u65f6\u95f4<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">ls<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-a<\/span>                 <span class=\"token comment\"># \u663e\u793a\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;\u4ee5.\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">ls<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-lh<\/span>                <span class=\"token comment\"># -h\u628a\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u663e\u793a\u6210\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ef\u8bfb\u683c\u5f0f&#xff08;K\/M\/G&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">ls<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-lt<\/span>                <span class=\"token comment\"># \u6309\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u6392\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u5728\u6700\u524d\u9762<\/span><\/p>\n<p>cd\u5207\u6362\u76ee\u5f55&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token builtin class-name\">cd<\/span> \/home\/project      <span class=\"token comment\"># \u5207\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55&#xff08;\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token builtin class-name\">cd<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">..<\/span>                 <span class=\"token comment\"># \u56de\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token builtin class-name\">cd<\/span> ~                  <span class=\"token comment\"># \u56de\u7528\u6237\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token builtin class-name\">cd<\/span> &#8211;                  <span class=\"token comment\"># \u56de\u4e0a\u6b21\u6240\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u5f88\u5b9e\u7528<\/span><\/p>\n<p>cp\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;mv\u79fb\u52a8\u6216\u91cd\u547d\u540d&#xff0c;rm\u5220\u9664&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">cp<\/span> main.c main_backup.c      <span class=\"token comment\"># \u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">cp<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-r<\/span> src\/ src_backup\/       <span class=\"token comment\"># -r\u9012\u5f52\u590d\u5236\u6574\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">mv<\/span> old_name.c new_name.c     <span class=\"token comment\"># \u91cd\u547d\u540d<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">mv<\/span> log.txt \/var\/log\/         <span class=\"token comment\"># \u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">rm<\/span> temp.o                    <span class=\"token comment\"># \u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5220\u4e86\u5c31\u6ca1\u4e86&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u56de\u6536\u7ad9<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">rm<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-rf<\/span> build\/                <span class=\"token comment\"># -r\u9012\u5f52\u5220\u76ee\u5f55 -f\u5f3a\u5236\u4e0d\u786e\u8ba4&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u7ec4\u5408\u8981\u5c0f\u5fc3<\/span><\/p>\n<p>mkdir\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">mkdir<\/span> project               <span class=\"token comment\"># \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">mkdir<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-p<\/span> a\/b\/c              <span class=\"token comment\"># -p\u9012\u5f52\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u5c42\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u6587\u672c\u641c\u7d22&#xff1a;grep\u548cfind<\/h4>\n<p>grep\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u91cc\u641c\u7d22&#xff0c;\u662f\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u6bcf\u5929\u7528\u5f97\u6700\u591a\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u4e00&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;error&#034;<\/span> log.txt           <span class=\"token comment\"># \u5728log.txt\u91cc\u627e\u542berror\u7684\u884c<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-i<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;error&#034;<\/span> log.txt        <span class=\"token comment\"># -i\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199&#xff0c;Error\u4e5f\u5339\u914d<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-n<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;error&#034;<\/span> log.txt        <span class=\"token comment\"># -n\u663e\u793a\u884c\u53f7<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-r<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;TODO&#034;<\/span> src\/            <span class=\"token comment\"># -r\u9012\u5f52\u641c\u7d22\u6574\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-v<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;debug&#034;<\/span> log.txt        <span class=\"token comment\"># -v\u53cd\u5411\u5339\u914d&#xff0c;\u627e\u4e0d\u542bdebug\u7684\u884c<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-c<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;error&#034;<\/span> log.txt        <span class=\"token comment\"># -c\u53ea\u7edf\u8ba1\u5339\u914d\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u884c<\/span><\/p>\n<p>find\u6309\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u6216\u5c5e\u6027\u641c\u7d22\u6587\u4ef6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">find<\/span> <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">.<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-name<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;*.c&#034;<\/span>             <span class=\"token comment\"># \u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u627e\u6240\u6709.c\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">find<\/span> \/home <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-name<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;*.log&#034;<\/span>       <span class=\"token comment\"># \u5728\/home\u4e0b\u627e\u6240\u6709.log\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">find<\/span> <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">.<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-name<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;*.o&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-delete<\/span>     <span class=\"token comment\"># \u627e\u5230\u6240\u6709.o\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u5220\u9664<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">find<\/span> <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">.<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-size<\/span> &#043;10M              <span class=\"token comment\"># \u627e\u5927\u4e8e10MB\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">find<\/span> <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">.<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-mtime<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-1<\/span>               <span class=\"token comment\"># \u627e\u6700\u8fd11\u5929\u5185\u4fee\u6539\u8fc7\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><\/p>\n<p>grep\u641c\u7684\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;find\u641c\u7684\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u7ecf\u5e38\u914d\u5408\u7ba1\u9053\u4e00\u8d77\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406&#xff1a;ps\u548ckill\u548ctop<\/h4>\n<p>ps\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">ps<\/span>                     <span class=\"token comment\"># \u53ea\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">ps<\/span> aux                 <span class=\"token comment\"># \u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff0c;a\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237 u\u8be6\u7ec6 x\u65e0\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">ps<\/span> aux <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> python   <span class=\"token comment\"># \u914d\u5408\u7ba1\u9053\u627epython\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/span><\/p>\n<p>top\u5b9e\u65f6\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u5360\u7528&#xff0c;\u7c7b\u4f3cWindows\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u4f46\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u3002\u6309q\u9000\u51fa\u3002htop\u662ftop\u7684\u589e\u5f3a\u7248&#xff0c;\u6709\u989c\u8272\u548c\u4ea4\u4e92\u754c\u9762&#xff0c;\u5927\u90e8\u5206Linux\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u9700\u8981\u5355\u72ec\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">top<\/span>                    <span class=\"token comment\"># \u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7&#xff0c;CPU\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u4e00\u89c8<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">htop<\/span>                   <span class=\"token comment\"># \u589e\u5f3a\u7248&#xff0c;\u66f4\u597d\u770b\u66f4\u597d\u7528<\/span><\/p>\n<p>kill\u53d1\u4fe1\u53f7\u7ed9\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">kill<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1234<\/span>              <span class=\"token comment\"># \u7ed9PID 1234\u53d1SIGTERM&#xff0c;\u4f18\u96c5\u9000\u51fa<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">kill<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-9<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1234<\/span>           <span class=\"token comment\"># \u53d1SIGKILL&#xff0c;\u5f3a\u5236\u6740\u6389&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6ca1\u673a\u4f1a\u6e05\u7406<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">killall<\/span> python3        <span class=\"token comment\"># \u6309\u540d\u5b57\u6740\u6240\u6709python3\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/span><\/p>\n<p>SIGTERM\u662f\u8bf7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u81ea\u5df1\u9000\u51fa&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u83b7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7\u505a\u6e05\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u518d\u9000\u51fa\u3002SIGKILL\u662f\u5185\u6838\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e72\u6389&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u7a0b\u62e6\u4e0d\u4f4f\u3002\u5148\u8bd5SIGTERM&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u884c\u518dSIGKILL\u3002<\/p>\n<p>  #mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0{font-family:\\&#8221;trebuchet ms\\&#8221;,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}@keyframes edge-animation-frame{from{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}@keyframes dash{to{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .edge-animation-slow{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 50s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .edge-animation-fast{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 20s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .edge-thickness-invisible{stroke-width:0;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 svg{font-family:\\&#8221;trebuchet ms\\&#8221;,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 p{margin:0;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .label{font-family:\\&#8221;trebuchet ms\\&#8221;,verdana,arial,sans-serif;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .cluster-label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .cluster-label span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .cluster-label span p{background-color:transparent;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .label text,#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 span{fill:#333;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .node rect,#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .node circle,#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .node ellipse,#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .node polygon,#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .rough-node .label text,#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .node .label text,#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .icon-shape .label{text-anchor:middle;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .node .katex path{fill:#000;stroke:#000;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .rough-node .label,#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .node .label,#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .icon-shape .label{text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .node.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .root .anchor path{fill:#333333!important;stroke-width:0;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .arrowheadPath{fill:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .edgePath .path{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:2.0px;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .flowchart-link{stroke:#333333;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .edgeLabel{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .edgeLabel p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .labelBkg{background-color:rgba(232, 232, 232, 0.5);}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .cluster span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:\\&#8221;trebuchet ms\\&#8221;,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:hsl(80, 100%, 96.2745098039%);border:1px solid #aaaa33;border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .flowchartTitleText{text-anchor:middle;font-size:18px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 rect.text{fill:none;stroke-width:0;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .icon-shape,#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .image-shape{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .icon-shape p,#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .image-shape p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);padding:2px;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .icon-shape .label rect,#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .image-shape .label rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .label-icon{display:inline-block;height:1em;overflow:visible;vertical-align:-0.125em;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 .node .label-icon path{fill:currentColor;stroke:revert;stroke-width:revert;}#mermaid-svg-dLxWls0m9ddpVBb0 :root{&#8211;mermaid-font-family:\\&#8221;trebuchet ms\\&#8221;,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}<\/p>\n<p>           <span class=\"nodeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p>           <span class=\"edgeLabel\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p>           <span class=\"edgeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>\u662f<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p>           <span class=\"edgeLabel\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p>           <span class=\"edgeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>\u662f<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p>           <span class=\"edgeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>\u5426<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p>           <span class=\"edgeLabel\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p>           <span class=\"edgeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>\u5426<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p>           <span class=\"edgeLabel\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p>           <span class=\"nodeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>ps aux \u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p>           <span class=\"nodeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8fdb\u7a0b?<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p>           <span class=\"nodeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>kill PID \u53d1SIGTERM<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p>           <span class=\"nodeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa?<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p>           <span class=\"nodeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>\u5b8c\u6210<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p>           <span class=\"nodeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>kill -9 PID \u5f3a\u5236\u6740<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p>           <span class=\"nodeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>top \u5b9e\u65f6\u67e5\u770b<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u7ba1\u9053&#xff1a;\u628a\u547d\u4ee4\u4e32\u8d77\u6765<\/h4>\n<p>\u7ba1\u9053\u7b26|\u628a\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u5f53\u4f5c\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u3002\u8fd9\u662fUnix\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u7cbe\u534e&#xff1a;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u53ea\u505a\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u7ba1\u9053\u7ec4\u5408\u51fa\u590d\u6742\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u627e\u6240\u6709\u542berror\u7684\u884c&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u7edf\u8ba1\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u884c<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;error&#034;<\/span> log.txt <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">wc<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-l<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709.c\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u53ea\u770b\u524d5\u4e2a<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">find<\/span> <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">.<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-name<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;*.c&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">head<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-5<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u8fc7\u6ee4python\u76f8\u5173\u7684<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">ps<\/span> aux <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> python<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u67e5\u770b\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u88ab\u54ea\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">netstat<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-tlnp<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">8080<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6ca1\u6709\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u4f60\u5f97\u628a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u5b58\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc&#xff0c;\u518d\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u8dd1\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u7ba1\u9053&#xff0c;\u4e00\u6761\u94fe\u641e\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411&#xff1a;\u63a7\u5236\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u53bb\u5411<\/h4>\n<p>\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u7b26&gt;\u548c&gt;&gt;\u628a\u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u5199\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u663e\u793a\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token builtin class-name\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;hello&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> file.txt       <span class=\"token comment\"># \u5199\u5165file.txt&#xff0c;\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6709\u5185\u5bb9<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token builtin class-name\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;world&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;&gt;<\/span> file.txt      <span class=\"token comment\"># \u8ffd\u52a0\u5230file.txt\u672b\u5c3e<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">ls<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-l<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> listing.txt           <span class=\"token comment\"># \u628a\u76ee\u5f55\u5217\u8868\u5b58\u5230\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;error&#034;<\/span> log.txt <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> errors.txt   <span class=\"token comment\"># \u628a\u641c\u7d22\u7ed3\u679c\u5b58\u5230\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&lt;\u628a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u5165&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sort<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;<\/span> unsorted.txt          <span class=\"token comment\"># \u628a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u6392\u5e8f\u540e\u8f93\u51fa<\/span><\/p>\n<p>2&gt;\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u9519\u8bef\u8f93\u51fa\u3002Linux\u91cc\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u6d41&#xff1a;\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165&#xff08;stdin&#xff0c;\u7f16\u53f70&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa&#xff08;stdout&#xff0c;\u7f16\u53f71&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef&#xff08;stderr&#xff0c;\u7f16\u53f72&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u6b63\u5e38\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u8f93\u51fa\u90fd\u5b58\u5230\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token builtin class-name\">command<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> all.txt <span class=\"token operator\"><span class=\"token file-descriptor important\">2<\/span>&gt;<\/span><span class=\"token file-descriptor important\">&amp;1<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u53ea\u4e22\u5f03\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token builtin class-name\">command<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\"><span class=\"token file-descriptor important\">2<\/span>&gt;<\/span>\/dev\/null           <span class=\"token comment\"># \/dev\/null\u662f\u9ed1\u6d1e&#xff0c;\u5199\u8fdb\u53bb\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6d88\u5931<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u4e22\u5f03\u6240\u6709\u8f93\u51fa<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token builtin class-name\">command<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span>\/dev\/null <span class=\"token operator\"><span class=\"token file-descriptor important\">2<\/span>&gt;<\/span><span class=\"token file-descriptor important\">&amp;1<\/span><\/p>\n<p> \u6e32\u67d3\u9519\u8bef: Mermaid \u6e32\u67d3\u5931\u8d25: Parse error on line 10: &#8230;\u4ef6] B &#8211;&gt;|\\\\| next| F[\u4f20\u7ed9\u4e0b\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4] C &#8212; &#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-^ Expecting &#039;SEMI&#039;, &#039;NEWLINE&#039;, &#039;SPACE&#039;, &#039;EOF&#039;, &#039;SQS&#039;, &#039;SHAPE_DATA&#039;, &#039;AMP&#039;, &#039;STYLE_SEPARATOR&#039;, &#039;DOUBLECIRCLESTART&#039;, &#039;PS&#039;, &#039;(-&#039;, &#039;STADIUMSTART&#039;, &#039;SUBROUTINESTART&#039;, &#039;VERTEX_WITH_PROPS_START&#039;, &#039;COLON&#039;, &#039;CYLINDERSTART&#039;, &#039;DIAMOND_START&#039;, &#039;TAGEND&#039;, &#039;TRAPSTART&#039;, &#039;INVTRAPSTART&#039;, &#039;START_LINK&#039;, &#039;LINK&#039;, &#039;LINK_ID&#039;, &#039;DOWN&#039;, &#039;DEFAULT&#039;, &#039;NUM&#039;, &#039;COMMA&#039;, &#039;NODE_STRING&#039;, &#039;BRKT&#039;, &#039;MINUS&#039;, &#039;MULT&#039;, &#039;UNICODE_TEXT&#039;, got &#039;PIPE&#039;<\/p>\n<h4>\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406&#xff1a;chmod\u548cchown<\/h4>\n<p>Linux\u662f\u591a\u7528\u6237\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u90fd\u6709\u6743\u9650\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u7528ls -l\u770b\u5230\u7684\u6743\u9650\u5927\u6982\u957f\u8fd9\u6837&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>-rwxr-xr&#8211; 1 zhouge staff 2048 Sep  2 10:30 main.c<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u90a3\u5341\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5c31\u662f\u6743\u9650\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b&#xff0c;-\u662f\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;d\u662f\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;l\u662f\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5\u3002\u540e\u9762\u4e5d\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u4e09\u7ec4&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u7ec4\u4e09\u4e2a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ec4rwx&#xff1a;\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005&#xff08;owner&#xff09;\u7684\u6743\u9650<\/li>\n<li>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ec4r-x&#xff1a;\u540c\u7ec4\u7528\u6237&#xff08;group&#xff09;\u7684\u6743\u9650<\/li>\n<li>\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ec4r&#8211;&#xff1a;\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237&#xff08;others&#xff09;\u7684\u6743\u9650<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5176\u4ed6\u5404\u5217\u542b\u4e49&#xff1a;\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\u662f\u786c\u94fe\u63a5\u6570&#xff0c;\u7b2c\u4e09\u5217\u662f\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7528\u6237\u540d&#xff0c;\u7b2c\u56db\u5217\u662f\u7ec4\u540d&#xff0c;\u7b2c\u4e94\u5217\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f&#xff08;\u5b57\u8282&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u7b2c\u516d\u5217\u662f\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u7b2c\u4e03\u5217\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>r\u662f\u8bfb&#xff08;read&#xff09;&#xff0c;w\u662f\u5199&#xff08;write&#xff09;&#xff0c;x\u662f\u6267\u884c&#xff08;execute&#xff09;\u3002\u5bf9\u76ee\u5f55\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;x\u8868\u793a\u80fd\u5426\u8fdb\u5165\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55&#xff08;cd\u8fdb\u53bb&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>chmod\u4fee\u6539\u6743\u9650&#xff0c;\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff1a;\u5b57\u6bcd\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u6570\u5b57\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u5b57\u6bcd\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff1a;u\u6240\u6709\u8005 g\u7ec4 o\u5176\u4ed6 a\u6240\u6709\u4eba<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">chmod<\/span> u&#043;x script.sh         <span class=\"token comment\"># \u7ed9\u6240\u6709\u8005\u52a0\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">chmod<\/span> g-w file.txt          <span class=\"token comment\"># \u53bb\u6389\u7ec4\u7684\u5199\u6743\u9650<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">chmod<\/span> a&#043;r file.txt          <span class=\"token comment\"># \u6240\u6709\u4eba\u53ef\u8bfb<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">chmod<\/span> ugo&#043;rwx file.txt      <span class=\"token comment\"># \u6240\u6709\u4eba\u53ef\u8bfb\u53ef\u5199\u53ef\u6267\u884c<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u6570\u5b57\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff1a;r&#061;4 w&#061;2 x&#061;1&#xff0c;\u52a0\u8d77\u6765\u5c31\u662f\u6743\u9650\u503c<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">chmod<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">755<\/span> script.sh         <span class=\"token comment\"># rwxr-xr-x&#xff0c;\u6240\u6709\u8005\u5168\u6743\u9650&#xff0c;\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u53ef\u8bfb\u53ef\u6267\u884c<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">chmod<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">644<\/span> file.txt          <span class=\"token comment\"># rw-r&#8211;r&#8211;&#xff0c;\u6240\u6709\u8005\u53ef\u8bfb\u5199&#xff0c;\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u53ea\u8bfb<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">chmod<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">777<\/span> file.txt          <span class=\"token comment\"># rwxrwxrwx&#xff0c;\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u5168\u6743\u9650&#xff0c;\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u522b\u8fd9\u4e48\u5e72<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6570\u5b57\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97&#xff1a;7&#061;4&#043;2&#043;1&#xff08;rwx&#xff09;&#xff0c;5&#061;4&#043;0&#043;1&#xff08;r-x&#xff09;&#xff0c;4&#061;4&#043;0&#043;0&#xff08;r\u2013&#xff09;&#xff0c;6&#061;4&#043;2&#043;0&#xff08;rw-&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>chown\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">chown<\/span> user:group file.txt    <span class=\"token comment\"># \u6539\u6240\u6709\u8005\u548c\u7ec4<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">chown<\/span> user file.txt          <span class=\"token comment\"># \u53ea\u6539\u6240\u6709\u8005<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">chown<\/span> :group file.txt        <span class=\"token comment\"># \u53ea\u6539\u7ec4<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u4e00\u4e9b\u6551\u547d\u547d\u4ee4<\/h4>\n<p>man\u67e5\u770b\u547d\u4ee4\u624b\u518c\u3002\u4e0d\u8bb0\u5f97\u67d0\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u600e\u4e48\u7528&#xff0c;man grep\u5c31\u80fd\u770b\u5230grep\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u6570\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u6309q\u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<p>sudo\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6743\u9650\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u6539\u7cfb\u7edf\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u7ed1\u5b9a1024\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7aef\u53e3&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u9700\u8981sudo\u3002sudo\u4e0d\u662f\u4e07\u80fd\u7684&#xff0c;\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u8ba9\u4f60\u4e34\u65f6\u83b7\u5f97root\u6743\u9650\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>df -h\u67e5\u770b\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5&#xff0c;du -sh\u67e5\u770b\u67d0\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u5360\u591a\u5927\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u78c1\u76d8\u6ee1\u4e86\u5148\u6572\u8fd9\u4fe9\u547d\u4ee4\u6392\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>tail -f log.txt\u5b9e\u65f6\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u65b0\u589e\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8dd1\u7740\u4f60\u5728\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7&#xff0c;\u65b0\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e00\u884c\u884c\u51fa\u6765&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u5c31\u662ftail -f\u5e72\u7684\u4e8b\u3002Ctrl&#043;C\u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u4fee\u4ed9\u672f\u8bed\u5bf9\u7167\u8868<\/h3>\n<table>\n<tr>\u4fee\u4ed9\u672f\u8bed\u6280\u672f\u73b0\u5b9e\u672c\u7bc7\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6cd5\u5668<\/td>\n<td>\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u5de5\u5177<\/td>\n<td>\u4fee\u4ed9\u5f15\u5165<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u81ea\u8eab\u4fee\u4e3a<\/td>\n<td>\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u80fd\u529b<\/td>\n<td>\u4fee\u4ed9\u5f15\u5165<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u9ed1\u8272\u7ec8\u7aef<\/td>\n<td>terminal\/SSH\u7ec8\u7aef<\/td>\n<td>\u4fee\u4ed9\u5f15\u5165<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6218\u573a<\/td>\n<td>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883<\/td>\n<td>\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u524d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6b66\u5668<\/td>\n<td>\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6280\u80fd<\/td>\n<td>\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u524d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5fa1\u7269\u672f<\/td>\n<td>\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u547d\u4ee4ls\/cp\/mv\/rm<\/td>\n<td>\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u641c\u9b42\u672f<\/td>\n<td>grep\u6587\u672c\u641c\u7d22<\/td>\n<td>\u6587\u672c\u641c\u7d22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8ffd\u8e2a\u672f<\/td>\n<td>find\u6587\u4ef6\u641c\u7d22<\/td>\n<td>\u6587\u672c\u641c\u7d22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5fa1\u7075\u672f<\/td>\n<td>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406ps\/kill<\/td>\n<td>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7075\u8109\u4f20\u8f93<\/td>\n<td>\u7ba1\u9053|<\/td>\n<td>\u7ba1\u9053<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u4f20\u9001\u9635<\/td>\n<td>\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411&gt;\/&gt;&gt;\/&lt;<\/td>\n<td>\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u4e09\u8109<\/td>\n<td>stdin\/stdout\/stderr\u4e09\u5927\u6807\u51c6\u6d41<\/td>\n<td>\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u9ed1\u6d1e<\/td>\n<td>\/dev\/null<\/td>\n<td>\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6d1e\u5e9c\u7981\u5236<\/td>\n<td>\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650rwx<\/td>\n<td>\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u638c\u95e8\u4ee4\u724c<\/td>\n<td>sudo\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6743\u9650<\/td>\n<td>\u6551\u547d\u547d\u4ee4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u8fdb\u9636\u6761\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"task-list-item\"> \u4e0d\u770b\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\u80fd\u8bf4\u51fals -la\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8f93\u51fa\u5217\u7684\u542b\u4e49<\/li>\n<li class=\"task-list-item\"> \u80fd\u7528grep\u914d\u5408\u7ba1\u9053\u4ece\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7edf\u8ba1\u67d0\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6b21\u6570<\/li>\n<li class=\"task-list-item\"> \u80fd\u7528find\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627e\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u67d0\u540e\u7f00\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u5220\u9664<\/li>\n<li class=\"task-list-item\"> \u7406\u89e3kill\u548ckill -9\u7684\u533a\u522b&#xff0c;\u77e5\u9053\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a<\/li>\n<li class=\"task-list-item\"> \u80fd\u89e3\u91cachmod 755\u5bf9\u5e94\u4ec0\u4e48\u6743\u9650&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u53ca\u6570\u5b57\u600e\u4e48\u7b97\u51fa\u6765\u7684<\/li>\n<li class=\"task-list-item\"> \u80fd\u7528&gt;\u548c&gt;&gt;\u628a\u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u5b58\u5230\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u77e5\u9053\u8986\u76d6\u548c\u8ffd\u52a0\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/li>\n<li class=\"task-list-item\"> \u80fd\u7528tail -f\u5b9e\u65f6\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7&#xff0c;\u77e5\u9053Ctrl&#043;C\u9000\u51fa<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bb2Shell\u811a\u672c\u5165\u95e8\u3002\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7528\u719f\u4e86\u4f60\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u6b21\u90e8\u7f72\u90fd\u6572\u540c\u6837\u5341\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u5f88\u70e6\u3002\u628a\u90a3\u5341\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u5199\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a.sh\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u4e00\u952e\u6267\u884c&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u5c31\u662fShell\u811a\u672c\u3002\u6446\u8131\u91cd\u590d\u52b3\u52a8\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u5316&#xff0c;\u662f\u7b51\u57fa\u671f\u5de5\u7a0b\u80fd\u529b\u4e0a\u53f0\u9636\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u4e0b\u671f\u9884\u544a &#043; \u4e92\u52a8<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7&#xff1a;\u3010\u7b51\u57fa\u00b7060\u3011Shell\u811a\u672c\u5165\u95e8&#xff1a;\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u4f60\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u52b3\u52a8<\/p>\n<p>\u8bb2Shell\u811a\u672c\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a;\u53d8\u91cf\u600e\u4e48\u5b9a\u4e49&#xff0c;\u6761\u4ef6\u600e\u4e48\u5224\u65ad&#xff0c;\u5faa\u73af\u600e\u4e48\u5199&#xff0c;\u51fd\u6570\u600e\u4e48\u7528&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u7528\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u811a\u672c\u3002\u628a\u4f60\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u91cc\u91cd\u590d\u6572\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u53d8\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u540e\u8dd1\u4e00\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e92\u52a8\u95ee\u9898&#xff1a;\u4f60\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u7528Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u65f6\u8e29\u8fc7\u4ec0\u4e48\u5751&#xff1f;\u6709\u6ca1\u6709rm 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