{"id":107392,"date":"2026-09-19T16:32:35","date_gmt":"2026-09-19T08:32:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/107392.html"},"modified":"2026-09-19T16:32:35","modified_gmt":"2026-09-19T08:32:35","slug":"%e4%ba%a4%e6%8d%a2%e6%9c%ba%e3%80%81%e8%b7%af%e7%94%b1%e5%99%a8%e4%b8%8e%e5%ae%b6%e5%ba%ad%e7%bb%84%e7%bd%91%ef%bc%9a%e7%90%86%e8%ae%ba%e3%80%81%e7%8e%b0%e5%ae%9e%e4%b8%8e%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e5%b7%a5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/107392.html","title":{"rendered":"\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u3001\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e0e\u5bb6\u5ead\u7ec4\u7f51\uff1a\u7406\u8bba\u3001\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e0e\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u8003\u70b9\u5168\u89e3\u6790"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>1. \u5f15\u8a00<\/h3>\n<p>\u5f88\u591a\u521a\u63a5\u89e6\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u56f0\u60d1&#xff1a;\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u3001\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u7ec4\u7f51&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e09\u8005\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5173\u7cfb&#xff1f;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5bb6\u91cc\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u5149\u732b&#043;\u8def\u7531\u5668\u201d\u5c31\u80fd\u641e\u5b9a\u4e0a\u7f51&#xff0c;\u800c\u516c\u53f8\u673a\u623f\u5374\u8981\u5806\u6ee1\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u3001\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3001\u9632\u706b\u5899&#xff1f;\u7406\u8bba\u8bfe\u4e0a\u5b66\u7684 OSI \u4e03\u5c42\u6a21\u578b\u3001VLAN\u3001\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae&#xff0c;\u5230\u4e86\u73b0\u5b9e\u91cc\u53c8\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u843d\u5730\u7684&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4f1a\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e24\u6761\u7ebf\u51fa\u53d1&#xff0c;\u628a\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u3001\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u7ec4\u7f51\u8fd9\u4e09\u8005\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u8bb2\u900f&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5728\u6700\u540e\u5f52\u7eb3\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u8003\u8bd5&#xff08;\u5982\u8f6f\u8003\u4e2d\u7ea7\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u3001\u534e\u4e3a HCIA\u3001\u601d\u79d1 CCNA \u7b49&#xff09;\u4e2d\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8003\u70b9&#xff0c;\u5e2e\u4f60\u628a\u201c\u5b66\u201d\u548c\u201c\u7528\u201d\u4e32\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2. \u7406\u8bba\u7bc7&#xff1a;\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4e0e\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u533a\u522b<\/h3>\n<h4>2.1 \u4ea4\u6362\u673a&#xff1a;\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42&#xff08;\u4e8c\u5c42&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<p>\u4ea4\u6362\u673a&#xff08;Switch&#xff09;\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u8f6c\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u5e27\u3002\u5b83\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728 OSI \u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c42&#xff08;\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4f9d\u636e MAC \u5730\u5740\u8868 \u51b3\u5b9a\u628a\u6570\u636e\u5e27\u4ece\u54ea\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u8f6c\u53d1\u51fa\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u952e\u70b9&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u5f20 MAC \u5730\u5740\u8868&#xff08;CAM \u8868&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8bb0\u5f55\u201c\u54ea\u4e2a MAC \u5730\u5740\u5728\u54ea\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6536\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e27\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u67e5\u8868\u8f6c\u53d1&#xff1b;\u67e5\u4e0d\u5230\u5c31\u6cdb\u6d2a&#xff08;Flooding&#xff09;\u5230\u9664\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u53e3\u5916\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u5e27\u4e2d\u7684\u6e90\/\u76ee\u7684 MAC \u5730\u5740&#xff08;\u666e\u901a\u4e8c\u5c42\u8f6c\u53d1\u573a\u666f\u4e0b&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u5929\u7136\u9694\u79bb\u51b2\u7a81\u57df&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e0d\u9694\u79bb\u5e7f\u64ad\u57df\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2.2 \u8def\u7531\u5668&#xff1a;\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42&#xff08;\u4e09\u5c42&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<p>\u8def\u7531\u5668&#xff08;Router&#xff09;\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u8f6c\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002\u5b83\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728 OSI \u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c42&#xff08;\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4f9d\u636e \u8def\u7531\u8868 \u51b3\u5b9a\u628a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4ece\u54ea\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u8f6c\u53d1\u51fa\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u952e\u70b9&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u5f20 \u8def\u7531\u8868&#xff0c;\u91cc\u9762\u8bb0\u5f55\u76ee\u7684\u7f51\u6bb5\u3001\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\u3001\u51fa\u63a5\u53e3\u3001\u8def\u7531\u6765\u6e90&#xff08;\u76f4\u8fde\/\u9759\u6001\/\u52a8\u6001&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4f1a\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u6e90\/\u76ee\u7684 MAC \u5730\u5740&#xff08;\u56e0\u4e3a\u8de8\u7f51\u6bb5\u8f6c\u53d1\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4e8c\u5c42\u5c01\u88c5\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u5c01\u88c5&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539\u6e90\/\u76ee\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8def\u7531\u5668\u9694\u79bb\u5e7f\u64ad\u57df&#xff0c;\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7f51\u6bb5\u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u5fc5\u7ecf\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8def\u7531\u5668\u652f\u6301 NAT\u3001ACL\u3001VPN \u7b49\u4e09\u5c42\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2.3 \u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u603b\u7ed3\u7406\u8bba\u533a\u522b<\/h4>\n<table>\n<tr>\u5bf9\u6bd4\u9879\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u8def\u7531\u5668<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c42\u6b21<\/td>\n<td>\u4e8c\u5c42&#xff08;\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u4e09\u5c42&#xff08;\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8f6c\u53d1\u4f9d\u636e<\/td>\n<td>MAC \u5730\u5740\u8868<\/td>\n<td>\u8def\u7531\u8868<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u662f\u5426\u4fee\u6539 MAC<\/td>\n<td>\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539&#xff08;\u4e8c\u5c42\u8f6c\u53d1&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u4fee\u6539&#xff08;\u8de8\u7f51\u6bb5\u91cd\u65b0\u5c01\u88c5&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u9694\u79bb\u51b2\u7a81\u57df<\/td>\n<td>\u662f<\/td>\n<td>\u662f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u9694\u79bb\u5e7f\u64ad\u57df<\/td>\n<td>\u5426<\/td>\n<td>\u662f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5178\u578b\u529f\u80fd<\/td>\n<td>VLAN\u3001STP\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u805a\u5408<\/td>\n<td>NAT\u3001ACL\u3001\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae\u3001VPN<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>3. \u73b0\u5b9e\u7bc7&#xff1a;\u5bb6\u5ead\u7ec4\u7f51\u91cc\u5230\u5e95\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48<\/h3>\n<h4>3.1 \u5bb6\u5ead\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u201c\u4e09\u5408\u4e00\u201d\u8bbe\u5907<\/h4>\n<p>\u7406\u8bba\u8bfe\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u3001\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3001\u8c03\u5236\u89e3\u8c03\u5668&#xff08;Modem&#xff09;\u662f\u4e09\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u5bb6\u5ead\u573a\u666f\u91cc&#xff0c;\u8fd0\u8425\u5546\u7ed9\u7684\u5149\u732b&#xff08;ONT&#xff09;\u548c\u5bb6\u7528\u65e0\u7ebf\u8def\u7531\u5668&#xff0c;\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u591a\u8bbe\u5907\u529f\u80fd\u96c6\u6210\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5bb6\u7528\u65e0\u7ebf\u8def\u7531\u5668&#xff0c;\u5185\u90e8\u5176\u5b9e\u96c6\u6210\u4e86&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8def\u7531\u5668\u529f\u80fd&#xff1a;\u8d1f\u8d23 NAT\u3001DHCP\u3001\u8def\u7531\u8f6c\u53d1&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u5bb6\u91cc\u6240\u6709\u8bbe\u5907\u5171\u4eab\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u7f51 IP \u4e0a\u7f51\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u529f\u80fd&#xff1a;\u80cc\u677f\u4e0a\u7684 LAN \u53e3&#xff08;\u901a\u5e38\u662f 4 \u4e2a&#xff09;\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u4e8c\u5c42\u4ea4\u6362\u673a&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u591a\u53f0\u6709\u7ebf\u8bbe\u5907\u4e92\u901a\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u65e0\u7ebf\u63a5\u5165\u70b9&#xff08;AP&#xff09;\u529f\u80fd&#xff1a;\u63d0\u4f9b Wi-Fi \u4fe1\u53f7&#xff0c;\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u5c42\u63a5\u5165\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u529f\u80fd&#xff1a;\u5bb6\u7528\u8def\u7531\u5668\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5f00\u542f NAT \u548c\u57fa\u7840\u9632\u706b\u5899&#xff0c;\u9694\u79bb\u5185\u7f51\u4e0e\u5916\u7f51\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>3.2 \u5bb6\u5ead\u7ec4\u7f51\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u5411&#xff08;\u73b0\u5b9e\u7248&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<p>\u4ee5\u201c\u624b\u673a\u8fde Wi-Fi \u8bbf\u95ee\u767e\u5ea6\u201d\u4e3a\u4f8b&#xff0c;\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u5411\u662f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u624b\u673a\u53d1\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u5e27 \u2192 \u5bb6\u7528\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7684\u65e0\u7ebf AP \u6a21\u5757\u63a5\u6536\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u5e27\u8fdb\u5165\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5185\u90e8&#xff0c;\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5265\u79bb\u4e8c\u5c42\u5e27\u5934&#xff0c;\u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u7684 IP\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u53d1\u73b0\u76ee\u7684 IP \u4e0d\u5728\u5185\u7f51\u7f51\u6bb5&#xff08;\u5982 192.168.1.0\/24&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4e8e\u662f\u67e5\u8def\u7531\u8868&#xff0c;\u8d70\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531&#xff08;0.0.0.0\/0&#xff09;\u5230 WAN \u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8def\u7531\u5668\u505a NAT \u8f6c\u6362&#xff0c;\u628a\u624b\u673a\u7684\u5185\u7f51 IP&#xff08;192.168.1.100&#xff09;\u6620\u5c04\u4e3a\u516c\u7f51 IP&#xff0c;\u91cd\u65b0\u5c01\u88c5\u6570\u636e\u5305&#xff0c;\u53d1\u7ed9\u8fd0\u8425\u5546\u5149\u732b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5149\u732b\u628a\u5149\u4fe1\u53f7\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7535\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff0c;\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fdb\u5165\u8fd0\u8425\u5546\u7f51\u7edc&#xff0c;\u4e00\u8def\u7ecf\u591a\u53f0\u8fd0\u8425\u5546\u8def\u7531\u5668\u8f6c\u53d1&#xff0c;\u6700\u7ec8\u5230\u8fbe\u767e\u5ea6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<h4>3.3 \u5bb6\u5ead\u7ec4\u7f51 vs \u4f01\u4e1a\u7ec4\u7f51&#xff1a;\u5dee\u5728\u54ea<\/h4>\n<table>\n<tr>\u5bf9\u6bd4\u9879\u5bb6\u5ead\u7ec4\u7f51\u4f01\u4e1a\/\u673a\u623f\u7ec4\u7f51<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8bbe\u5907\u5f62\u6001<\/td>\n<td>\u5149\u732b &#043; \u5bb6\u7528\u65e0\u7ebf\u8def\u7531\u5668&#xff08;\u96c6\u6210&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u6838\u5fc3\u4ea4\u6362\u673a &#043; \u6c47\u805a\u4ea4\u6362\u673a &#043; \u63a5\u5165\u4ea4\u6362\u673a &#043; \u8def\u7531\u5668 &#043; \u9632\u706b\u5899<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7f51\u7edc\u89c4\u6a21<\/td>\n<td>\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u51e0\u5341\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907<\/td>\n<td>\u591a\u4e2a VLAN&#xff0c;\u6210\u767e\u4e0a\u5343\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8def\u7531\u65b9\u5f0f<\/td>\n<td>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531 &#043; NAT<\/td>\n<td>\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531 &#043; OSPF\/BGP \u7b49\u52a8\u6001\u8def\u7531<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u53ef\u9760\u6027<\/td>\n<td>\u5355\u70b9&#xff0c;\u65e0\u5197\u4f59<\/td>\n<td>\u53cc\u673a\u70ed\u5907\u3001\u94fe\u8def\u805a\u5408\u3001STP \u5197\u4f59<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f<\/td>\n<td>\u7f51\u9875\u540e\u53f0&#xff0c;\u50bb\u74dc\u5f0f<\/td>\n<td>CLI\u3001\u7f51\u7ba1\u5e73\u53f0\u3001SNMP \u76d1\u63a7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>4. \u7406\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u73b0\u5b9e<\/h3>\n<h4>4.1 \u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728\u4f01\u4e1a\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u662f\u63a5\u5165\u5c42\u548c\u6c47\u805a\u5c42\u7684\u4e3b\u529b\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u5458\u5de5\u7535\u8111\u3001\u6253\u5370\u673a\u3001IP \u7535\u8bdd\u90fd\u63d2\u5728\u63a5\u5165\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u63a5\u5165\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u518d\u4e0a\u884c\u5230\u6c47\u805a\u4ea4\u6362\u673a&#xff0c;\u6c47\u805a\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u518d\u8fde\u5230\u6838\u5fc3\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u6216\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>4.2 \u8def\u7531\u5668\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/h4>\n<p>\u8def\u7531\u5668\u901a\u5e38\u90e8\u7f72\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u8fb9\u754c&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5185\u7f51\u548c\u5916\u7f51\u7684\u4ea4\u754c\u5904\u3002\u5b83\u8d1f\u8d23\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0d\u540c\u7f51\u6bb5\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u8fd0\u8425\u5546&#xff0c;\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u540c\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u5bb6\u5ead\u91cc\u7684\u201c\u8def\u7531\u5668\u201d\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u4e0a\u7f51&#xff0c;\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u627f\u62c5\u4e86\u8fb9\u754c\u8def\u7531 &#043; NAT \u7684\u804c\u8d23\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>4.3 \u4e09\u5c42\u4ea4\u6362\u673a&#xff1a;\u7406\u8bba\u5230\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u201c\u7f1d\u5408\u602a\u201d<\/h4>\n<p>\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u8bbe\u5907\u53eb\u4e09\u5c42\u4ea4\u6362\u673a&#xff0c;\u5b83\u540c\u65f6\u5177\u5907\u4e8c\u5c42\u4ea4\u6362\u548c\u4e09\u5c42\u8def\u7531\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5728\u5927\u578b\u56ed\u533a\u7f51\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5e38\u7528\u4e09\u5c42\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u505a\u201c\u8def\u7531\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c&#xff08;VLAN \u95f4\u8def\u7531&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u800c\u628a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7559\u7ed9\u8fb9\u754c\u51fa\u53e3\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u5f88\u591a\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u5bb9\u6613\u6df7\u6dc6\u7684\u5730\u65b9&#xff1a;\u4e09\u5c42\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4e0d\u662f\u8def\u7531\u5668&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5b83\u80fd\u505a\u90e8\u5206\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7684\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>5. \u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u8003\u8bd5\u6838\u5fc3\u8003\u70b9\u5f52\u7eb3<\/h3>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8003\u70b9\u8986\u76d6\u8f6f\u8003\u4e2d\u7ea7\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u3001\u534e\u4e3a HCIA\u3001\u601d\u79d1 CCNA \u7b49\u5e38\u89c1\u8ba4\u8bc1&#xff0c;\u4e0e\u672c\u6587\u4e3b\u9898\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>5.1 \u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u76f8\u5173\u8003\u70b9<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>MAC \u5730\u5740\u8868\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406&#xff1a;\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u8f6c\u53d1\u3001\u6cdb\u6d2a\u3001\u8001\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n<li>VLAN \u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e&#xff1a;VLAN \u5212\u5206\u3001Access\/Trunk \u7aef\u53e3\u3001VLAN \u95f4\u8def\u7531\u3002<\/li>\n<li>STP&#xff08;\u751f\u6210\u6811\u534f\u8bae&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u73af\u8def\u907f\u514d\u3001\u6839\u6865\u9009\u4e3e\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u94fe\u8def\u805a\u5408&#xff08;Eth-Trunk\/PortChannel&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u589e\u52a0\u5e26\u5bbd\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u57fa\u672c\u914d\u7f6e&#xff1a;VLAN \u521b\u5efa\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>5.2 \u8def\u7531\u5668\u76f8\u5173\u8003\u70b9<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8def\u7531\u8868\u6784\u6210&#xff1a;\u76ee\u7684\u7f51\u6bb5\u3001\u63a9\u7801\u3001\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\u3001\u51fa\u63a5\u53e3\u3001\u8def\u7531\u6765\u6e90\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\u4e0e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531&#xff1a;\u914d\u7f6e\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u52a8\u6001\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae&#xff1a;RIP&#xff08;\u8ddd\u79bb\u77e2\u91cf&#xff09;\u3001OSPF&#xff08;\u94fe\u8def\u72b6\u6001&#xff09;\u3001BGP&#xff08;\u8fb9\u754c\u7f51\u5173&#xff09;\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u533a\u522b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>NAT \u539f\u7406&#xff1a;\u9759\u6001 NAT\u3001\u52a8\u6001 NAT\u3001PAT&#xff08;\u7aef\u53e3\u590d\u7528&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>ACL&#xff08;\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u5217\u8868&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u6807\u51c6 ACL\u3001\u6269\u5c55 ACL \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u5339\u914d\u987a\u5e8f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>5.3 \u7f51\u7edc\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u534f\u8bae\u8003\u70b9<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>OSI \u4e03\u5c42\u6a21\u578b&#xff1a;\u6bcf\u5c42\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u5178\u578b\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0e\u534f\u8bae\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/li>\n<li>TCP\/IP \u56db\u5c42\u6a21\u578b&#xff1a;\u4e0e OSI \u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/li>\n<li>IP \u5730\u5740\u4e0e\u5b50\u7f51\u5212\u5206&#xff1a;VLSM\u3001CIDR\u3001\u516c\u7f51\/\u79c1\u7f51\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/li>\n<li>ARP \u534f\u8bae&#xff1a;IP \u89e3\u6790\u4e3a MAC \u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u5e7f\u64ad\u4e0e\u7f13\u5b58\u3002<\/li>\n<li>DHCP \u539f\u7406&#xff1a;DORA \u56db\u6b65&#xff08;Discover\u3001Offer\u3001Request\u3001Ack&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>5.4 \u5bb6\u5ead\u7ec4\u7f51\u76f8\u5173\u8003\u70b9&#xff08;\u8f6f\u8003\u5e38\u8003&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>NAT \u4e0e\u7aef\u53e3\u6620\u5c04&#xff1a;\u5bb6\u5ead\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e0a\u7f51\u7684\u539f\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u57fa\u7840&#xff1a;SSID\u3001\u4fe1\u9053\u3001WPA2\/WPA3 \u52a0\u5bc6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5149\u732b\u4e0e\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u5206\u5de5&#xff1a;\u6865\u63a5\u6a21\u5f0f vs \u8def\u7531\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5e38\u89c1\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5&#xff1a;ping \u4e0d\u901a\u3001DNS \u89e3\u6790\u5931\u8d25\u3001IP \u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>6. \u4e00\u5f20\u56fe\u770b\u61c2\u4e09\u8005\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/h3>\n<p>#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92{font-family:\\&#8221;trebuchet ms\\&#8221;,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}@keyframes edge-animation-frame{from{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}@keyframes dash{to{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .edge-animation-slow{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 50s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .edge-animation-fast{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 20s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .edge-thickness-invisible{stroke-width:0;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 svg{font-family:\\&#8221;trebuchet ms\\&#8221;,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 p{margin:0;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .label{font-family:\\&#8221;trebuchet ms\\&#8221;,verdana,arial,sans-serif;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .cluster-label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .cluster-label span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .cluster-label span p{background-color:transparent;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .label text,#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 span{fill:#333;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .node rect,#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .node circle,#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .node ellipse,#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .node polygon,#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .rough-node .label text,#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .node .label text,#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .icon-shape .label{text-anchor:middle;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .node .katex path{fill:#000;stroke:#000;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .rough-node .label,#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .node .label,#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .icon-shape .label{text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .node.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .root .anchor path{fill:#333333!important;stroke-width:0;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .arrowheadPath{fill:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .edgePath .path{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:2.0px;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .flowchart-link{stroke:#333333;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .edgeLabel{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .edgeLabel p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .labelBkg{background-color:rgba(232, 232, 232, 0.5);}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .cluster span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:\\&#8221;trebuchet ms\\&#8221;,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:hsl(80, 100%, 96.2745098039%);border:1px solid #aaaa33;border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .flowchartTitleText{text-anchor:middle;font-size:18px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 rect.text{fill:none;stroke-width:0;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .icon-shape,#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .image-shape{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .icon-shape p,#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .image-shape p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);padding:2px;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .icon-shape .label rect,#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .image-shape .label rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .label-icon{display:inline-block;height:1em;overflow:visible;vertical-align:-0.125em;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 .node .label-icon path{fill:currentColor;stroke:revert;stroke-width:revert;}#mermaid-svg-Dbx1AIlFHPRBaU92 :root{&#8211;mermaid-font-family:\\&#8221;trebuchet ms\\&#8221;,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}<span class=\"edgeLabel\"><\/span><span class=\"edgeLabel\"><\/span><span class=\"edgeLabel\"><\/span><span class=\"edgeLabel\"><\/span><span class=\"edgeLabel\"><\/span><span class=\"edgeLabel\"><\/span><span class=\"edgeLabel\"><\/span><span class=\"edgeLabel\"><\/span><span class=\"edgeLabel\"><\/span><span class=\"edgeLabel\"><\/span><span class=\"edgeLabel\"><\/span><span class=\"edgeLabel\"><\/span><span class=\"nodeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>\u4e92\u8054\u7f51&#xff08;\u8fd0\u8425\u5546\u9aa8\u5e72\u7f51&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p><\/span><span class=\"nodeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd0\u8425\u5546\u8def\u7531\u5668<\/p>\n<p><\/span><span class=\"nodeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>\u5149\u732b ONT&#xff08;\u5149\u7535\u8f6c\u6362&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p><\/span><span class=\"nodeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>\u5bb6\u7528\u8def\u7531\u5668&#xff08;NAT &#043; DHCP &#043; \u8def\u7531&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p><\/span><span class=\"nodeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>\u5185\u7f6e\u4ea4\u6362\u673a&#xff08;LAN \u53e3&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p><\/span><span class=\"nodeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>\u65e0\u7ebf AP&#xff08;Wi-Fi&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p><\/span><span class=\"nodeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u7ebf\u8bbe\u5907&#xff1a;\u7535\u8111 \/ \u7535\u89c6 \/ \u6253\u5370\u673a<\/p>\n<p><\/span><span class=\"nodeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>\u65e0\u7ebf\u8bbe\u5907&#xff1a;\u624b\u673a \/ \u5e73\u677f \/ \u7b14\u8bb0\u672c<\/p>\n<p><\/span><span class=\"nodeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>\u4f01\u4e1a\u573a\u666f&#xff1a;\u63a5\u5165\u4ea4\u6362\u673a<\/p>\n<p><\/span><span class=\"nodeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>\u6c47\u805a\u4ea4\u6362\u673a<\/p>\n<p><\/span><span class=\"nodeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>\u6838\u5fc3\u4ea4\u6362\u673a \/ \u4e09\u5c42\u4ea4\u6362\u673a<\/p>\n<p><\/span><span class=\"nodeLabel\"><\/p>\n<p>\u8fb9\u754c\u8def\u7531\u5668 &#043; \u9632\u706b\u5899<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<h3>7. 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