{"id":107319,"date":"2026-09-19T12:16:41","date_gmt":"2026-09-19T04:16:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/107319.html"},"modified":"2026-09-19T12:16:41","modified_gmt":"2026-09-19T04:16:41","slug":"ipv4-ipv6-%e5%8d%8f%e8%ae%ae%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/107319.html","title":{"rendered":"IPv4 \/ IPv6 \u534f\u8bae\u8be6\u89e3"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728TCP\/IP\u7f51\u7edc\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42&#xff08;OSI\u7b2c3\u5c42&#xff09;\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u8de8\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u8de8\u7f51\u6bb5\u6570\u636e\u4e92\u901a\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5c42\u7ea7&#xff0c;\u800cIP\u534f\u8bae\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u57fa\u77f3\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e3b\u6d41\u8fd0\u884c\u4e24\u5927\u7248\u672c\u534f\u8bae&#xff1a;IPv4&#xff08;\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u534f\u8bae\u7b2c\u56db\u7248&#xff09;\u4e0eIPv6&#xff08;\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u534f\u8bae\u7b2c\u516d\u7248&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>IPv4\u8bde\u751f\u4e8e1983\u5e74&#xff0c;\u652f\u6491\u4e86\u6570\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u9ad8\u901f\u53d1\u5c55&#xff0c;\u4f46\u53d7\u9650\u4e8e\u539f\u751f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7f3a\u9677&#xff0c;\u5df2\u65e0\u6cd5\u9002\u914d\u6d77\u91cf\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u7f51\u7edc\u9700\u6c42&#xff1b;IPv6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u66ff\u4ee3\u534f\u8bae&#xff0c;\u4ece\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u62a5\u6587\u67b6\u6784\u3001\u4f20\u8f93\u673a\u5236\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u80fd\u529b\u7b49\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5b8c\u6210\u5168\u9762\u9769\u65b0&#xff0c;\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u7f51\u7edc\u5347\u7ea7\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u62c6\u89e3IPv4\u4e0eIPv6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u7406\u3001\u5730\u5740\u4f53\u7cfb\u3001\u62a5\u6587\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u673a\u5236\u3001\u4f18\u52a3\u77ed\u677f&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5b8c\u6210\u5168\u65b9\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u5bf9\u6bd4&#xff0c;\u6e05\u6670\u68b3\u7406\u4e24\u4ee3IP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6f14\u8fdb\u903b\u8f91\u4e0e\u843d\u5730\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e00\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u901a\u7528\u7279\u6027<\/h2>\n<p>IPv4\u4e0eIPv6\u9075\u5faa\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u6838\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u601d\u60f3&#xff0c;\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u6027\u4e00\u81f4&#xff1a;\u5747\u4e3a\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u5c3d\u529b\u800c\u4e3a\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u534f\u8bae\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u5efa\u7acb\u901a\u4fe1\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u4e0d\u6821\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3001\u4e0d\u91cd\u4f20\u4e22\u5931\u62a5\u6587&#xff0c;\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93\u3001\u5dee\u9519\u6821\u9a8c\u3001\u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u5747\u4ea4\u7531\u4e0a\u5c42TCP\/UDP\u534f\u8bae\u5b9e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u4ec5\u8d1f\u8d23\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u5bfb\u5740\u3001\u8def\u7531\u8f6c\u53d1\u4e0e\u5206\u7247\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e8c\u3001IPv4 \u5b8c\u6574\u6280\u672f\u4f53\u7cfb<\/h2>\n<h3>2.1 \u5730\u5740\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e0e\u89c4\u8303<\/h3>\n<p>IPv4\u91c7\u752832\u4f4d\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236&#xff08;4\u5b57\u8282&#xff09;\u5730\u5740\u957f\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u70b9\u5206\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u683c\u5f0f\u4e66\u5199&#xff0c;\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a A.B.C.D&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u6bb5\u6570\u503c\u8303\u56f40~255&#xff0c;\u7406\u8bba\u603b\u5730\u5740\u6570\u4e3a2\u00b3\u00b2&#061;42.9\u4ebf\u3002\u5730\u5740\u7531\u7f51\u7edc\u4f4d&#043;\u4e3b\u673a\u4f4d\u7ec4\u6210&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u533a\u5206\u7f51\u6bb5\u4e0e\u8bbe\u5907\u6807\u8bc6&#xff0c;\u7f51\u6bb5\u53ef\u7528\u4e3b\u673a\u6570\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f&#xff1a;2\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u4f4d\u6b21\u65b9-2&#xff08;\u5254\u9664\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u4e0e\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2.1.1 \u5730\u5740\u5206\u7c7b&#xff08;\u4f20\u7edfA\/B\/C\/D\/E\u7c7b&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<p>IPv4\u539f\u751f\u6309\u9ad8\u4f4d\u6807\u8bc6\u5212\u5206\u4e94\u7c7b\u5730\u5740&#xff0c;\u9002\u914d\u4e0d\u540c\u89c4\u6a21\u7f51\u7edc&#xff0c;\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u88abCIDR\u65e0\u7c7b\u522b\u8def\u7531\u4f53\u7cfb\u66ff\u4ee3&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4ecd\u662f\u57fa\u7840\u6280\u672f\u6838\u5fc3&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>A\u7c7b&#xff1a;\u9ad8\u4f4d0\u5f00\u5934&#xff0c;\u9ed8\u8ba4\u63a9\u7801255.0.0.0&#xff0c;\u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f41.0.0.0~126.255.255.255&#xff0c;\u9002\u914d\u5927\u578b\u9aa8\u5e72\u7f51\u7edc<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>B\u7c7b&#xff1a;\u9ad8\u4f4d10\u5f00\u5934&#xff0c;\u9ed8\u8ba4\u63a9\u7801255.255.0.0&#xff0c;\u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f4128.0.0.0~191.255.255.255&#xff0c;\u9002\u914d\u4e2d\u578b\u56ed\u533a\u7f51\u7edc<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>C\u7c7b&#xff1a;\u9ad8\u4f4d110\u5f00\u5934&#xff0c;\u9ed8\u8ba4\u63a9\u7801255.255.255.0&#xff0c;\u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f4192.0.0.0~223.255.255.255&#xff0c;\u9002\u914d\u5c0f\u578b\u5c40\u57df\u7f51<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>D\u7c7b&#xff1a;\u9ad8\u4f4d1110\u5f00\u5934&#xff0c;\u65e0\u9ed8\u8ba4\u63a9\u7801&#xff0c;\u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f4224.0.0.0~239.255.255.255&#xff0c;\u4e13\u7528\u4e8e\u7ec4\u64ad\u901a\u4fe1<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>E\u7c7b&#xff1a;\u9ad8\u4f4d1111\u5f00\u5934&#xff0c;\u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f4240.0.0.0~255.255.255.255&#xff0c;\u9884\u7559\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7528\u9014&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5546\u7528<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2.1.2 \u7279\u6b8a\u5730\u5740\u4e0e\u79c1\u6709\u5730\u5740<\/h4>\n<p>\u4fdd\u7559\u7279\u6b8a\u5730\u5740&#xff1a;127.0.0.0\/8\u4e3a\u672c\u5730\u56de\u73af\u5730\u5740&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u672c\u673aTCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u6d4b\u8bd5&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u53c2\u4e0e\u516c\u7f51\u8def\u7531&#xff1b;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7f51\u6bb5\u5185\u4e3b\u673a\u4f4d\u51680\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u3001\u51681\u4e3a\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u7ec8\u7aef\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u79c1\u6709\u5185\u7f51\u5730\u5740&#xff08;\u4ec5\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u6709\u6548&#xff0c;\u9700NAT\u8f6c\u6362\u65b9\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u516c\u7f51&#xff09;&#xff1a;10.0.0.0\/8\u3001172.16.0.0\/12\u3001192.168.0.0\/16\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2.2 IPv4\u62a5\u6587\u5934\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784<\/h3>\n<p>IPv4\u5934\u90e8\u4e3a\u53ef\u53d8\u957f\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u57fa\u7840\u56fa\u5b9a\u957f\u5ea620\u5b57\u8282&#xff0c;\u643a\u5e26\u53ef\u9009\u5b57\u6bb5\u65f6\u6700\u592760\u5b57\u8282&#xff0c;\u6838\u5fc3\u5b57\u6bb5\u529f\u80fd\u5982\u4e0b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u7248\u672c&#xff08;4bit&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u56fa\u5b9a\u503c4&#xff0c;\u6807\u8bc6IPv4\u534f\u8bae<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5934\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6&#xff08;4bit&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u4ee54\u5b57\u8282\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d&#xff0c;\u6700\u5c0f5&#xff08;20\u5b57\u8282&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6700\u592715&#xff08;60\u5b57\u8282&#xff09;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u670d\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b&#xff08;8bit&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u7528\u4e8eQoS\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6807\u8bb0&#xff0c;\u73b0\u4ee3\u7f51\u7edc\u7531DSCP\u534f\u8bae\u66ff\u4ee3<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u603b\u957f\u5ea6&#xff08;16bit&#xff09;&#xff1a;IP\u5934\u90e8&#043;\u6570\u636e\u8f7d\u8377\u603b\u957f\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u6700\u592765535\u5b57\u8282<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6807\u8bc6\u3001\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u3001\u5206\u7247\u504f\u79fb&#xff1a;\u534f\u540c\u5b8c\u6210\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5206\u7247\u4e0e\u91cd\u7ec4&#xff0c;\u8def\u7531\u5668\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u5bf9\u8d85MTU\u62a5\u6587\u5206\u7247<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>TTL\u751f\u5b58\u65f6\u95f4&#xff08;8bit&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u8def\u7531\u8df3\u6570\u9650\u5236&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u53f0\u8def\u7531\u5668\u51cf1&#xff0c;\u5f52\u96f6\u5219\u4e22\u5f03\u62a5\u6587&#xff0c;Windows\u9ed8\u8ba4128\u3001Linux\u9ed8\u8ba464<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u534f\u8bae\u53f7&#xff08;8bit&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u6807\u8bc6\u4e0a\u5c42\u534f\u8bae&#xff0c;1\u4e3aICMP\u30016\u4e3aTCP\u300117\u4e3aUDP<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5934\u90e8\u6821\u9a8c\u548c&#xff08;16bit&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u4ec5\u6821\u9a8cIP\u5934\u90e8\u5b8c\u6574\u6027&#xff0c;TTL\u53d8\u66f4\u540e\u9700\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba1\u7b97<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6e90\/\u76ee\u7684IP\u5730\u5740&#xff08;\u540432bit&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u6807\u8bc6\u901a\u4fe1\u4e24\u7aef\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u9009\u9879&#043;\u586b\u5145&#xff1a;\u53ef\u9009\u6269\u5c55\u529f\u80fd&#xff0c;\u8865\u9f50\u5934\u90e84\u5b57\u8282\u5bf9\u9f50<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2.3 \u6838\u5fc3\u5de5\u4f5c\u673a\u5236<\/h3>\n<p>\u5bfb\u5740\u8def\u7531\u673a\u5236&#xff1a;\u7ec8\u7aef\u53d1\u5305\u65f6\u6bd4\u5bf9\u76ee\u6807IP\u7f51\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u540c\u7f51\u6bb5\u901a\u8fc7ARP\u5e7f\u64ad\u89e3\u6790MAC\u5730\u5740\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u4fe1&#xff1b;\u8de8\u7f51\u6bb5\u62a5\u6587\u8f6c\u53d1\u81f3\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173&#xff0c;\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4f9d\u636e\u8def\u7531\u8868\u9010\u8df3\u8f6c\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5206\u7247\u673a\u5236&#xff1a;\u5f53IP\u62a5\u6587\u957f\u5ea6\u8d85\u8fc7\u94fe\u8defMTU&#xff08;\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u9ed8\u8ba41500\u5b57\u8282&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8def\u7531\u5668\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u5206\u7247&#xff0c;\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u8d1f\u8d23\u91cd\u7ec4&#xff0c;\u6613\u5f15\u53d1\u6027\u80fd\u635f\u8017\u4e0e\u4e22\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u914d\u5957\u534f\u8bae&#xff1a;ARP&#xff08;IP\u8f6cMAC&#xff09;\u3001DHCP&#xff08;\u81ea\u52a8\u5206\u914dIP\u53c2\u6570&#xff09;\u3001ICMP&#xff08;\u5dee\u9519\u63a2\u6d4b\u3001ping\u6d4b\u8bd5&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2.4 IPv4\u6838\u5fc3\u7f3a\u9677<\/h3>\n<p>32\u4f4d\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u67af\u7aed&#xff0c;\u5168\u7f51\u4f9d\u8d56NAT\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362&#xff0c;\u7834\u574f\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u901a\u4fe1\u80fd\u529b&#xff0c;\u5236\u7ea6P2P\u3001\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u3001\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fd0\u7ef4\u573a\u666f&#xff1b;\u5934\u90e8\u8bbe\u8ba1\u590d\u6742&#xff0c;\u8def\u7531\u8f6c\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u4f4e&#xff1b;\u539f\u751f\u65e0\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236&#xff0c;IPSec\u4e3a\u6269\u5c55\u529f\u80fd&#xff1b;\u652f\u6301\u5e7f\u64ad\u901a\u4fe1&#xff0c;\u6613\u4ea7\u751f\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u5e7f\u64ad\u98ce\u66b4&#xff1b;\u5206\u7247\u673a\u5236\u5bb9\u9519\u6027\u5dee&#xff0c;\u5206\u7247\u4e22\u5931\u5373\u6574\u5305\u5931\u6548&#xff1b;QoS\u8c03\u5ea6\u80fd\u529b\u8584\u5f31\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e09\u3001IPv6 \u5b8c\u6574\u6280\u672f\u4f53\u7cfb<\/h2>\n<h3>3.1 \u5730\u5740\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e0e\u89c4\u8303<\/h3>\n<p>IPv6\u91c7\u7528128\u4f4d\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236&#xff08;16\u5b57\u8282&#xff09;\u5730\u5740\u957f\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u5730\u5740\u603b\u91cf\u8fbe2\u00b9\u00b2\u2078\u22483.4\u00d710\u00b3\u2078&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u73b0\u6d77\u91cf\u5730\u5740\u5197\u4f59\u3002\u91c7\u7528\u5192\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u4e66\u5199&#xff0c;\u5206\u4e3a8\u7ec44\u4f4d\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u5b57\u7b26&#xff0c;\u652f\u6301\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u538b\u7f29\u89c4\u5219&#xff1a;\u5355\u7ec4\u524d\u5bfc\u96f6\u53ef\u7701\u7565\u3001\u8fde\u7eed\u5168\u96f6\u7ec4\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7::\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u538b\u7f29&#xff08;\u5168\u5c40\u4ec5\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u6b21&#xff09;\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u6b8a\u5730\u5740&#xff1a;\u672a\u6307\u5b9a\u5730\u5740::\u3001\u56de\u73af\u5730\u5740::1\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>3.1.1 \u4e09\u5927\u5730\u5740\u7c7b\u578b<\/h4>\n<p>IPv6\u5f7b\u5e95\u53d6\u6d88\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec4\u64ad\u66ff\u4ee3\u5e7f\u64ad&#xff0c;\u89c4\u907f\u5e7f\u64ad\u98ce\u66b4\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u6838\u5fc3\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u7c7b\u5730\u5740&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5355\u64ad&#xff1a;\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u901a\u4fe1&#xff0c;\u5305\u542b\u5168\u5c40\u5355\u64ad&#xff08;\u516c\u7f51\u53ef\u8def\u7531&#xff0c;2000::\/3&#xff09;\u3001\u94fe\u8def\u672c\u5730\u5730\u5740&#xff08;fe80::\/10&#xff0c;\u540c\u4e8c\u5c42\u94fe\u8def\u6709\u6548&#xff0c;\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210&#xff09;\u3001\u552f\u4e00\u672c\u5730\u5730\u5740&#xff08;fd00::\/8&#xff0c;\u79c1\u6709\u5185\u7f51\u5730\u5740&#xff0c;\u8de8\u5b50\u7f51\u4e92\u901a&#xff09;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7ec4\u64ad&#xff08;ff00::\/8&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u901a\u4fe1&#xff0c;\u66ff\u4ee3IPv4\u5e7f\u64ad&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbe\u5907\u53d1\u73b0\u3001\u8def\u7531\u540c\u6b65<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u4efb\u64ad&#xff1a;\u4e00\u5bf9\u6700\u8fd1\u901a\u4fe1&#xff0c;\u540c\u4e00\u5730\u5740\u90e8\u7f72\u591a\u8282\u70b9&#xff0c;\u8def\u7531\u81ea\u52a8\u62e9\u4f18\u8bbf\u95ee&#xff0c;\u9002\u914dCDN\u3001\u516c\u5171DNS\u573a\u666f<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>3.1.2 \u63a5\u53e3ID\u751f\u6210\u673a\u5236<\/h4>\n<p>IPv6\u5355\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u540e64\u4f4d\u4e3a\u63a5\u53e3ID&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u8bc6\u7f51\u5361&#xff0c;\u652f\u6301\u4e24\u79cd\u751f\u6210\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff1a;EUI-64&#xff08;\u7531MAC\u5730\u5740\u6269\u5c55\u751f\u6210&#xff0c;\u5b58\u5728\u9690\u79c1\u6cc4\u9732\u98ce\u9669&#xff09;\u3001\u968f\u673a\u9690\u79c1\u4e34\u65f6\u5730\u5740&#xff08;\u5468\u671f\u6027\u81ea\u52a8\u66f4\u65b0&#xff0c;\u89c4\u907f\u6eaf\u6e90\u8ffd\u8e2a&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3.2 IPv6\u62a5\u6587\u5934\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784<\/h3>\n<p>IPv6\u91c7\u7528\u56fa\u5b9a40\u5b57\u8282\u57fa\u7840\u5934\u90e8&#xff0c;\u5254\u9664\u5197\u4f59\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u6269\u5c55\u529f\u80fd\u7edf\u4e00\u901a\u8fc7\u6269\u5c55\u5934\u5916\u6302\u5b9e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u5927\u5e45\u7b80\u5316\u8def\u7531\u5668\u8f6c\u53d1\u903b\u8f91&#xff0c;\u63d0\u5347\u8f6c\u53d1\u6548\u7387&#xff0c;\u6838\u5fc3\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u7248\u672c&#xff08;4bit&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u56fa\u5b9a\u503c6&#xff0c;\u6807\u8bc6IPv6\u534f\u8bae<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6d41\u91cf\u7c7b\u522b&#xff08;8bit&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u539f\u751f\u652f\u6301QoS\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6807\u8bb0&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u5e94IPv4\u7684DSCP\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6d41\u6807\u7b7e&#xff08;20bit&#xff09;&#xff1a;IPv6\u65b0\u589e\u7279\u6027&#xff0c;\u6807\u8bb0\u540c\u4e00\u4e1a\u52a1\u6570\u636e\u6d41&#xff0c;\u8def\u7531\u5668\u53ef\u57fa\u4e8e\u6d41\u5feb\u901f\u8f6c\u53d1&#xff0c;\u65e0\u9700\u89e3\u6790\u4e94\u5143\u7ec4<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8f7d\u8377\u957f\u5ea6&#xff08;16bit&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u6269\u5c55\u5934&#043;\u4e0a\u5c42\u6570\u636e\u603b\u957f\u5ea6<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u4e0b\u4e00\u5934\u90e8&#xff08;8bit&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u6807\u8bc6\u540e\u7eed\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3a\u6269\u5c55\u5934\u6216TCP\/UDP\/ICMPv6\u534f\u8bae<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8df3\u9650\u5236&#xff08;8bit&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u7b49\u4ef7IPv4\u7684TTL&#xff0c;\u8def\u7531\u8df3\u6570\u9650\u5236<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6e90\/\u76ee\u7684IPv6\u5730\u5740&#xff08;\u5404128bit&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u8d85\u957f\u552f\u4e00\u901a\u4fe1\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5173\u952e\u4f18\u5316&#xff1a;IPv6\u57fa\u7840\u5934\u90e8\u65e0\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u5dee\u9519\u6821\u9a8c\u5b8c\u5168\u4ea4\u7531\u4e0a\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u5904\u7406&#xff1b;\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5206\u7247&#xff0c;\u4ec5\u6e90\u4e3b\u673a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u5206\u7247&#xff0c;\u8d85MTU\u62a5\u6587\u76f4\u63a5\u4e22\u5f03\u5e76\u8fd4\u56deICMPv6\u63d0\u793a&#xff0c;\u4f9d\u8d56PMTUd\u8def\u5f84MTU\u53d1\u73b0\u673a\u5236\u9002\u914d\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3.3 \u6838\u5fc3\u914d\u5957\u534f\u8bae\u4e0e\u5de5\u4f5c\u673a\u5236<\/h3>\n<h4>3.3.1 ICMPv6\u4e0eNDP\u534f\u8bae<\/h4>\n<p>ICMPv6&#xff08;\u534f\u8bae\u53f758&#xff09;\u662fIPv6\u5fc5\u9700\u6838\u5fc3\u534f\u8bae&#xff0c;\u800c\u975e\u53ef\u9009\u8f85\u52a9\u534f\u8bae&#xff0c;\u627f\u62c5\u5dee\u9519\u4e0a\u62a5\u3001\u8def\u5f84\u63a2\u6d4b\u3001MTU\u68c0\u6d4b\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u57fa\u4e8eICMPv6\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684NDP\u90bb\u5c45\u53d1\u73b0\u534f\u8bae&#xff0c;\u5b8c\u5168\u66ff\u4ee3IPv4\u7684ARP\u5e7f\u64ad\u673a\u5236&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec4\u64ad\u5b8c\u6210IP\u4e0eMAC\u5730\u5740\u89e3\u6790\u3001\u7f51\u5173\u53d1\u73b0\u3001\u5730\u5740\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411&#xff0c;\u5f7b\u5e95\u675c\u7edd\u5e7f\u64ad\u98ce\u66b4\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>3.3.2 SLAAC\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u81ea\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e<\/h4>\n<p>IPv6\u539f\u751f\u652f\u6301\u5373\u63d2\u5373\u7528&#xff0c;\u8def\u7531\u5668\u901a\u8fc7RA\u62a5\u6587\u63a8\u9001\u7f51\u6bb5\u524d\u7f00&#xff0c;\u7ec8\u7aef\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u5b8c\u6574IPv6\u5730\u5740&#xff0c;\u65e0\u9700DHCP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5373\u53ef\u5b8c\u6210\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u5927\u5e45\u7b80\u5316\u7ec4\u7f51\u8fd0\u7ef4&#xff1b;\u540c\u65f6\u517c\u5bb9DHCPv6\u6709\u72b6\u6001\u914d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u9002\u914d\u7cbe\u7ec6\u5316\u5730\u5740\u7ba1\u7406\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3.4 IPv6\u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u52bf\u4e0e\u73b0\u5b58\u77ed\u677f<\/h3>\n<p>\u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u52bf&#xff1a;\u6d77\u91cf\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff0c;\u7ec8\u7aef\u53ef\u72ec\u4eab\u516c\u7f51IP&#xff0c;\u6062\u590d\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u539f\u751f\u901a\u4fe1&#xff1b;\u7cbe\u7b80\u56fa\u5b9a\u5934\u90e8&#xff0c;\u8def\u7531\u8f6c\u53d1\u6027\u80fd\u66f4\u9ad8&#xff1b;\u539f\u751fIPSec\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u5bc6\u8ba4\u8bc1&#xff1b;\u65e0\u5e7f\u64ad\u673a\u5236&#xff0c;\u7f51\u7edc\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u66f4\u5f3a&#xff1b;\u6d41\u6807\u7b7e&#043;\u6d41\u91cf\u7c7b\u522b\u539f\u751f\u652f\u6491QoS&#xff1b;\u652f\u6301\u4efb\u64ad\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861&#xff0c;\u9002\u914d\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u67b6\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u5b58\u77ed\u677f&#xff1a;\u5168\u7f51\u53cc\u6808\u90e8\u7f72\u63d0\u5347\u8fd0\u7ef4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6&#xff1b;\u4f20\u7edf\u8fd0\u7ef4NAT\u601d\u7ef4\u60ef\u6027&#xff0c;\u6d6a\u8d39IPv6\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u80fd\u529b&#xff1b;\u90e8\u5206\u8001\u65e7\u8f6f\u786c\u4ef6\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u5dee&#xff1b;PMTUd\u6613\u88ab\u9632\u706b\u5899\u62e6\u622a&#xff0c;\u5bfc\u81f4\u5927\u6d41\u91cf\u4f20\u8f93\u5f02\u5e38&#xff1b;\u8d85\u957f\u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u4fbf\u4e8e\u4eba\u5de5\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u56db\u3001IPv4\u4e0eIPv6\u5168\u65b9\u4f4d\u6838\u5fc3\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h2>\n<table>\n<tr>\n<p>\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7ef4\u5ea6<\/p>\n<p>IPv4<\/p>\n<p>IPv6<\/p>\n<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u5730\u5740\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0e\u603b\u91cf<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>32\u4f4d&#xff0c;\u7ea642.9\u4ebf\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>128\u4f4d&#xff0c;\u8fd1\u4e4e\u65e0\u9650\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u5730\u5740\u683c\u5f0f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u70b9\u5206\u5341\u8fdb\u5236<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u5192\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236&#xff08;\u652f\u6301\u538b\u7f29&#xff09;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u5934\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u53ef\u53d8\u957f20~60\u5b57\u8282&#xff0c;\u7ed3\u6784\u590d\u6742<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u56fa\u5b9a40\u5b57\u8282&#xff0c;\u6269\u5c55\u5934\u5916\u6302&#xff0c;\u7ed3\u6784\u7cbe\u7b80<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u6821\u9a8c\u673a\u5236<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u5934\u90e8\u81ea\u5e26\u6821\u9a8c\u548c&#xff0c;\u4ec5\u6821\u9a8c\u5934\u90e8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u65e0\u5934\u90e8\u6821\u9a8c\u548c&#xff0c;\u4ea4\u7531\u4e0a\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u6821\u9a8c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u5206\u7247\u673a\u5236<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3001\u6e90\u4e3b\u673a\u5747\u53ef\u5206\u7247<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u4ec5\u6e90\u4e3b\u673a\u5206\u7247&#xff0c;\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4ec5\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e0d\u5206\u7247<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u901a\u4fe1\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u5355\u64ad\u3001\u7ec4\u64ad\u3001\u5e7f\u64ad<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u5355\u64ad\u3001\u7ec4\u64ad\u3001\u4efb\u64ad&#xff08;\u65e0\u5e7f\u64ad&#xff09;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u5730\u5740\u89e3\u6790<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>ARP\u5e7f\u64ad\u89e3\u6790&#xff08;\u6613\u4ea7\u751f\u98ce\u66b4&#xff09;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>NDP\u7ec4\u64ad\u89e3\u6790&#xff0c;\u9ad8\u6548\u7a33\u5b9a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u5730\u5740\u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u4f9d\u8d56DHCP\u6216\u624b\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u65e0\u81ea\u52a8\u80fd\u529b<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>SLAAC\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u81ea\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e&#043;DHCPv6\u53cc\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u5b89\u5168\u80fd\u529b<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>IPSec\u4e3a\u53ef\u9009\u6269\u5c55&#xff0c;\u65e0\u539f\u751f\u5b89\u5168<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>IPSec\u539f\u751f\u5185\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u9ed8\u8ba4\u652f\u6301\u52a0\u5bc6\u8ba4\u8bc1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>QoS\u80fd\u529b<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>TOS\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u8c03\u5ea6\u80fd\u529b\u8584\u5f31<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u6d41\u91cf\u7c7b\u522b&#043;\u6d41\u6807\u7b7e&#xff0c;\u539f\u751f\u7cbe\u51c6\u8c03\u5ea6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>NAT\u4f9d\u8d56<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8d56NAT&#xff0c;\u7834\u574f\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u901a\u4fe1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" 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