RAII \u662f Resource Acquisition Is Initialization \u7684\u7f29\u5199，\u4e2d\u6587\u5e38\u8bd1\u4e3a\u201c\u8d44\u6e90\u83b7\u53d6\u5373\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u201d\u3002\u5b83\u662f C++ \u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5f02\u5e38\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u60ef\u7528\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b83\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u662f：<\/p>\n
\u628a\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6808\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5177\u4f53\u505a\u6cd5：<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u8d44\u6e90（\u5982\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u9501\u3001\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3001\u53e5\u67c4\u7b49）\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u5728\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6808\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u6301\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u5f53\u6808\u5bf9\u8c61\u79bb\u5f00\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u65f6，C++ \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528\u5b83\u7684\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570，\u4ece\u800c\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u5373\u4f7f\u53d1\u751f\u5f02\u5e38，\u6808\u5c55\u5f00（stack unwinding）\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5df2\u6784\u9020\u7684\u6808\u5bf9\u8c61\u88ab\u6790\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u56e0\u6b64，RAII \u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u9632\u6b62\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f，\u4e5f\u80fd\u9632\u6b62\u6587\u4ef6\u672a\u5173\u95ed\u3001\u9501\u672a\u91ca\u653e\u3001\u53e5\u67c4\u6cc4\u6f0f\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8d44\u6e90\u5728\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u83b7\u53d6\u5931\u8d25，\u53ef\u4ee5\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38，\u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u8c61\u6784\u9020\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
\u8d44\u6e90\u5728\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u91ca\u653e<\/p>\n
\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u5e94\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38，\u5426\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
\u5bf9\u8c61\u901a\u5e38\u653e\u5728\u6808\u4e0a，\u6216\u7531\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u7ba1\u7406<\/p>\n
\u6808\u5bf9\u8c61\u79bb\u5f00\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u81ea\u52a8\u6790\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u5806\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 std::unique_ptr\u3001std::shared_ptr \u7b49\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
\u5229\u7528 C++ \u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6790\u6784<\/p>\n
\u4e0e\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u4e0d\u540c，C++ \u80fd\u786e\u5b9a\u8d44\u6e90\u4f55\u65f6\u91ca\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u9002\u5408\u7ba1\u7406\u975e\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90，\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
\u6b63\u786e\u5904\u7406\u62f7\u8d1d\u548c\u79fb\u52a8<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0d\u53ef\u5171\u4eab，\u5e94\u7981\u6b62\u62f7\u8d1d，\u6216\u5b9e\u73b0\u79fb\u52a8\u8bed\u4e49\u8f6c\u79fb\u6240\u6709\u6743\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u5426\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u91cd\u590d\u91ca\u653e\u540c\u4e00\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u5927\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528 RAII<\/p>\n
std::string\u3001std::vector \u7ba1\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
std::unique_ptr\u3001std::shared_ptr \u7ba1\u7406\u52a8\u6001\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
std::lock_guard\u3001std::unique_lock \u7ba1\u7406\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
std::fstream\u3001std::ofstream \u7ba1\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
std::jthread（C++20）\u7ba1\u7406\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
#include <iostream>
\n#include <stdexcept>
\n#include <cstddef><\/p>\n
class IntArray {
\npublic:
\n \/\/ \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570：\u83b7\u53d6\u8d44\u6e90（\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58）
\n explicit IntArray(std::size_t n)
\n : size_(n), data_(new int[n]) {
\n std::cout << "IntArray: \u5206\u914d\u4e86 " << n << " \u4e2a int\\\\n";
\n for (std::size_t i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
\n data_[i] = 0;
\n }
\n }<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570：\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90
\n ~IntArray() {
\n delete[] data_;
\n std::cout << "IntArray: \u91ca\u653e\u4e86\u5185\u5b58\\\\n";
\n }<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u7981\u6b62\u62f7\u8d1d，\u9632\u6b62\u4e24\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7ba1\u7406\u540c\u4e00\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u5bfc\u81f4 double free
\n IntArray(const IntArray&) = delete;
\n IntArray& operator=(const IntArray&) = delete;<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u7b80\u5355\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a5\u53e3
\n int& operator[](std::size_t i) {
\n return data_[i];
\n }<\/p>\n
std::size_t size() const {
\n return size_;
\n }<\/p>\n
private:
\n int* data_;
\n std::size_t size_;
\n};<\/p>\n
void doSomething() {
\n \/\/ arr \u662f\u6808\u5bf9\u8c61，\u6784\u9020\u65f6\u83b7\u53d6\u8d44\u6e90
\n IntArray arr(5);<\/p>\n
arr[0] = 10;
\n arr[1] = 20;<\/p>\n
std::cout << "arr[0] = " << arr[0]
\n << ", arr[1] = " << arr[1] << "\\\\n";<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u6a21\u62df\u5f02\u5e38：\u5373\u4f7f\u8fd9\u91cc\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38，arr \u7684\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u8c03\u7528
\n throw std::runtime_error("\u53d1\u751f\u5f02\u5e38");<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u884c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6267\u884c
\n std::cout << "\u8fd9\u884c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\\\\n";
\n}<\/p>\n
int main() {
\n try {
\n doSomething();
\n } catch (const std::exception& e) {
\n std::cout << "\u6355\u83b7\u5f02\u5e38: " << e.what() << "\\\\n";
\n }<\/p>\n
std::cout << "\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\\\\n";
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f RAIIRAII \u662f Resource Acquisition Is Initialization \u7684\u7f29\u5199，\u4e2d\u6587\u5e38\u8bd1\u4e3a\u201c\u8d44\u6e90\u83b7\u53d6\u5373\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u201d\u3002\u5b83\u662f C \u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5f02\u5e38\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u60ef\u7528\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u662f：\u628a\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6808\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4e0a\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u505a\u6cd5：\u5728\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u8d44\u6e90（\u5982\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u9501\u3001\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3001\u53e5\u67c4\u7b49）\u3002\u5728\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6808\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u6301\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u5f53\u6808\u5bf9\u8c61\u79bb\u5f00\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u65f6࿰<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[55,190],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-107271","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-c","tag-190"],"yoast_head":"\n