{"id":106908,"date":"2026-09-18T15:16:34","date_gmt":"2026-09-18T07:16:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/106908.html"},"modified":"2026-09-18T15:16:34","modified_gmt":"2026-09-18T07:16:34","slug":"%e3%80%90%e7%ad%91%e5%9f%ba%c2%b7054%e3%80%91http%e5%92%8cdns%ef%bc%9a%e6%b5%8f%e8%a7%88%e5%99%a8%e5%88%b0%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e7%9a%84%e5%af%b9%e8%af%9d","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/106908.html","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u7b51\u57fa\u00b7054\u3011HTTP\u548cDNS\uff1a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u3010\u7b51\u57fa\u00b7054\u3011HTTP\u548cDNS：\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd<\/h2>\n

\u7801\u519c\u4fee\u4ed9\u4f20 \u00b7 \u7b51\u57fa\u671f \u00b7 \u7b2c54\u7bc7 \u6211\u662f\u7384\u82af\u6563\u4eba，\u5e26\u4f60\u4ece\u70bc\u6c14\u4fee\u5230\u5927\u4e58\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u5883\u754c\u6807\u8bc6<\/h3>\n

\u2554\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2557
\n\u2551 \u7b51\u57fa\u671f \u00b7 \u7b2c54\u7bc7 \u2551
\n\u2551 HTTP\u548cDNS \u2551
\n\u2551 \u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb：15\u5206\u949f \u2551
\n\u255a\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u255d<\/p>\n

\n

\u4fee\u4ed9\u5f15\u5165<\/h3>\n

\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bb2\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u9001\u9635\u7684\u56db\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u4e86TCP\u8d1f\u8d23\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93，IP\u8d1f\u8d23\u5bfb\u5740\u8def\u7531\u3002\u4f46\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u6ca1\u56de\u7b54：\u4f60\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8f93\u5165 xren.ren \u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bcd，TCP\u600e\u4e48\u77e5\u9053\u8981\u8fde\u54ea\u4e2aIP？<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u5c31\u50cf\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u670b\u53cb\u53eb"\u5f20\u4e09"，\u4f46\u4f20\u97f3\u7b26\u9700\u8981\u5750\u6807\u624d\u80fd\u4f20\u3002\u4f60\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5f20\u4e09\u5728\u54ea\u5ea7\u57ce\u54ea\u6761\u8857，\u600e\u4e48\u529e？\u627e\u4e2a"\u77e5\u60c5\u4eba"\u95ee\u3002DNS\u5c31\u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u6237\u7c4d\u5904，\u4e13\u95e8\u5e72"\u62a5\u540d\u5b57\u67e5\u5730\u5740"\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u800cHTTP\u662f\u4f60\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u8bed\u8a00，\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u4f60\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u8bf4\u3001\u5bf9\u65b9\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u56de\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b51\u57fa\u671f\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u57fa\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u7bc7，\u8bb2\u6e05\u695aDNS\u67e5\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5168\u8fc7\u7a0b，HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u683c\u5f0f，\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u7684\u542b\u4e49，\u4ee5\u53caCookie\u548cSession\u600e\u4e48\u7ef4\u6301\u767b\u5f55\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u786c\u6838\u4e3b\u4f53<\/h3>\n

DNS：\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u6237\u7c4d\u5904<\/h4>\n

DNS（Domain Name System）\u5e72\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u5f88\u7b80\u5355：\u628a\u4eba\u7c7b\u8bb0\u5f97\u4f4f\u7684\u57df\u540d\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u673a\u5668\u8ba4\u5f97\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002xren.ren \u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210 43.135.53.100，\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u62ff\u5230IP\u624d\u80fd\u53d1\u8d77TCP\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6bd4\u4f60\u60f3\u7684\u590d\u6742\u3002\u8f93\u5165 xren.ren \u540e，DNS\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u5168\u94fe\u8def\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684：<\/p>\n

1. \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7f13\u5b58：\u5148\u67e5\u672c\u5730\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5b58\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57df\u540d\u7684IP
\n \u6709 \u2192 \u76f4\u63a5\u7528，\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u675f（\u5927\u591a\u6570\u91cd\u590d\u8bbf\u95ee\u8d70\u8fd9\u6761\u8def）
\n \u65e0 \u2192 \u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65<\/p>\n

2. \u7cfb\u7edf\u7f13\u5b58：\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u6709DNS\u7f13\u5b58
\n \u6709 \u2192 \u8fd4\u56de
\n \u65e0 \u2192 \u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65<\/p>\n

3. \u672c\u5730hosts\u6587\u4ef6：\/etc\/hosts \u6216 C:\\\\Windows\\\\System32\\\\drivers\\\\etc\\\\hosts
\n \u6709 \u2192 \u8fd4\u56de（\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6bd4DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9ad8）
\n \u65e0 \u2192 \u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65<\/p>\n

4. \u672c\u5730DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668（\u9012\u5f52\u89e3\u6790\u5668）：\u4f60\u914d\u7684 8.8.8.8 \u6216 114.114.114.114
\n \u5b83\u5e2e\u4f60\u8dd1\u5b8c\u540e\u9762\u6240\u6709\u6b65\u9aa4，\u628a\u6700\u7ec8IP\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u4f60<\/p>\n

\u672c\u5730DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u62ff\u4e0d\u5230\u7b54\u6848\u65f6，\u4f1a\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\u505a\u8fed\u4ee3\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u8fed\u4ee3\u67e5\u8be2\u5c31\u662f"\u4e00\u7ea7\u4e00\u7ea7\u5f80\u4e0a\u95ee"：<\/p>\n

#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}@keyframes edge-animation-frame{from{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}@keyframes dash{to{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .edge-animation-slow{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 50s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .edge-animation-fast{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 20s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .edge-thickness-invisible{stroke-width:0;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV svg{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV p{margin:0;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .label{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .cluster-label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .cluster-label span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .cluster-label span p{background-color:transparent;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .label text,#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV span{fill:#333;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .node rect,#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .node circle,#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .node ellipse,#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .node polygon,#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .rough-node .label text,#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .node .label text,#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .icon-shape .label{text-anchor:middle;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .node .katex path{fill:#000;stroke:#000;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .rough-node .label,#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .node .label,#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .icon-shape .label{text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .node.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .root .anchor path{fill:#333333!important;stroke-width:0;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .arrowheadPath{fill:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .edgePath .path{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:2.0px;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .flowchart-link{stroke:#333333;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .edgeLabel{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .edgeLabel p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .labelBkg{background-color:rgba(232, 232, 232, 0.5);}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .cluster span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:hsl(80, 100%, 96.2745098039%);border:1px solid #aaaa33;border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .flowchartTitleText{text-anchor:middle;font-size:18px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV rect.text{fill:none;stroke-width:0;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .icon-shape,#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .image-shape{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .icon-shape p,#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .image-shape p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);padding:2px;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .icon-shape .label rect,#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .image-shape .label rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .label-icon{display:inline-block;height:1em;overflow:visible;vertical-align:-0.125em;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV .node .label-icon path{fill:currentColor;stroke:revert;stroke-width:revert;}#mermaid-svg-7jDJXUGFeSSKy9LV :root{–mermaid-font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8bf7\u6c42 xren.ren<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u672c\u5730DNS\u9012\u5f52\u89e3\u6790\u5668<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u6839\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u95ee：.ren \u8c01\u7ba1？<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u6839\u8fd4\u56de .ren TLD\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

.ren TLD\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u95ee：xren.ren \u8c01\u7ba1？<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

TLD\u8fd4\u56de xren.ren \u6743\u5a01DNS\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

xren.ren \u6743\u5a01DNS\u95ee：xren.ren \u7684IP？<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u6743\u5a01DNS\u8fd4\u56de 43.135.53.100<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u628aIP\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u540c\u65f6\u7f13\u5b58\u4e00\u4efd<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e24\u7ec4\u6982\u5ff5\u5bb9\u6613\u6df7：\u9012\u5f52\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u8fed\u4ee3\u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9012\u5f52\u67e5\u8be2\u662f"\u4f60\u5e2e\u6211\u67e5\u5230\u5e95，\u67e5\u5230\u7ed9\u6211\u7ed3\u679c"\u3002\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u672c\u5730DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5c31\u662f\u9012\u5f52\u7684，\u4f60\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4e2d\u95f4\u8fc7\u7a0b，\u53ea\u8981\u4e00\u4e2aIP\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fed\u4ee3\u67e5\u8be2\u662f"\u4f60\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u8be5\u95ee\u8c01，\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\u95ee"\u3002\u672c\u5730DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5bf9\u6839\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42，\u5bf9TLD\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42，\u5bf9\u6743\u5a01DNS\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42，\u90fd\u662f\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u5bf9\u65b9\u53ea\u7ed9"\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u8be5\u627e\u8c01"\u7684\u7ebf\u7d22，DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u81ea\u5df1\u6328\u4e2a\u95ee\u8fc7\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n

DNS\u8bb0\u5f55\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u6b62IP\u5730\u5740\u8fd9\u4e00\u79cd\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6709：<\/p>\n

A\u8bb0\u5f55 \u57df\u540d \u2192 IPv4\u5730\u5740 xren.ren \u2192 43.135.53.100
\nAAAA\u8bb0\u5f55 \u57df\u540d \u2192 IPv6\u5730\u5740 xren.ren \u2192 2001:xxx::xxx
\nCNAME \u57df\u540d \u2192 \u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u57df\u540d www.xren.ren \u2192 xren.ren
\nMX \u90ae\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668 xren.ren \u2192 mail.xren.ren
\nTXT \u4efb\u610f\u6587\u672c\u8bb0\u5f55 \u57df\u540d\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3001SPF\u8bb0\u5f55
\nNS \u8fd9\u4e2a\u57df\u540d\u7531\u8c01\u7ba1 xren.ren \u2192 ns1.dnspod.net<\/p>\n

CNAME\u5728\u524d\u6587\u63d0\u8fc7，\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c55\u5f00\u8bf4\u4e00\u53e5：\u4f60\u8bbf\u95ee www.xren.ren，DNS\u5148\u67e5\u5230CNAME\u8bb0\u5f55\u6307\u5411 xren.ren，\u7136\u540e\u518d\u67e5 xren.ren \u7684A\u8bb0\u5f55\u62ff\u5230IP\u3002\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u8df3，\u4f46\u597d\u5904\u662f\u4f60\u6539IP\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u6539\u4e00\u5904\u3002<\/p>\n

HTTP：\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u8bed\u8a00<\/h4>\n

\u62ff\u5230IP\u4e4b\u540e，\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8ddf\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5efa\u7acbTCP\u8fde\u63a5（\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b，\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bb2\u8fc7），\u7136\u540e\u5f00\u59cb\u8bf4HTTP\u3002<\/p>\n

HTTP（HyperText Transfer Protocol）\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8bf7\u6c42-\u54cd\u5e94\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42，\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u56de\u54cd\u5e94，\u4e00\u6765\u4e00\u56de\u3002\u5c31\u8fd9\u4e48\u7b80\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4e2aHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u957f\u8fd9\u6837：<\/p>\n

GET \/docs\/ HTTP\/1.1
\nHost: xren.ren
\nUser-Agent: Mozilla\/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7)
\nAccept: text\/html
\nAccept-Language: zh-CN
\nConnection: keep-alive<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u53eb\u8bf7\u6c42\u884c，\u5206\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5（GET），\u8def\u5f84（\/docs\/），\u7248\u672c（HTTP\/1.1）\u4e09\u5757\u3002 \u540e\u9762\u4e00\u5806\u53eb\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934，\u6bcf\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002 \u6700\u540e\u7a7a\u4e00\u884c，\u8868\u793a\u5934\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662fPOST\u8bf7\u6c42，\u7a7a\u884c\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n

\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u7684HTTP\u54cd\u5e94：<\/p>\n

HTTP\/1.1 200 OK
\nContent-Type: text\/html; charset=utf-8
\nContent-Length: 2048
\nCache-Control: max-age=3600<\/p>\n

<!DOCTYPE html>
\n<html>…<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u53eb\u72b6\u6001\u884c，\u5305\u542b\u7248\u672c\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u3002\u540e\u9762\u662f\u54cd\u5e94\u5934，\u7a7a\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u662f\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53，\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u770b\u5230\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n

HTTP\u662f\u7eaf\u6587\u672c\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u4f60\u62fftelnet\u6216nc\u624b\u5199HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42，\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e00\u6837\u8ba4\u3002\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4ec0\u4e48\u7279\u6b8a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef，\u80fd\u53d1TCP\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u80fd\u8bf4HTTP\u3002<\/p>\n

GET vs POST：\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u53c2\u6570\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u540c<\/h4>\n

\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4e24\u79cdHTTP\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u6559\u7a0b\u8bf4"GET\u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u8be2，POST\u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u4ea4"，\u8fd9\u8bdd\u5bf9\u4f46\u4e0d\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n

GET \u53c2\u6570\u5728URL\u91cc \/search?q=hello&page=2
\nPOST \u53c2\u6570\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u91cc URL\u4e0d\u53d8，\u53c2\u6570\u5728\u7a7a\u884c\u540e\u9762<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u610f\u56fe\u6709\u66f4\u6df1\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u533a\u522b：<\/p>\n

GET\u662f\u5e42\u7b49\u7684\u3002\u610f\u601d\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2aGET\u8bf7\u6c42\u53d1\u4e00\u6b21\u548c\u53d1\u5341\u6b21，\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u72b6\u6001\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002GET\u53ea\u8bfb\u4e0d\u5199\u3002\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f13\u5b58GET\u54cd\u5e94，\u53ef\u4ee5\u524d\u8fdb\u540e\u9000\u4e0d\u62a5\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n

POST\u4e0d\u5e42\u7b49\u3002\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e00\u6b21\u8868\u5355\u5c31\u4e0b\u4e00\u7b14\u8ba2\u5355，\u63d0\u4ea4\u5341\u6b21\u5c31\u4e0b\u5341\u7b14\u3002\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u56e0\u6b64\u4f1a\u62e6\u4f60：\u201c\u786e\u8ba4\u91cd\u65b0\u63d0\u4ea4\u8868\u5355？\u201d，\u56e0\u4e3a\u91cd\u590d\u63d0\u4ea4\u6709\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

PUT\u4e5f\u662f\u5e42\u7b49\u7684\u3002PUT \/user\/1 \u8bbe\u6210"\u5f20\u4e09"，\u53d1\u591a\u5c11\u6b21\u7ed3\u679c\u90fd\u662f"\u5f20\u4e09"\u3002DELETE\u540c\u7406，\u5220\u4e00\u6b21\u548c\u5220\u5341\u6b21\u6548\u679c\u4e00\u6837（\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u5220\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e1c\u897f，\u72b6\u6001\u4e0d\u53d8）\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b51\u57fa\u671f\u4e0d\u6df1\u5165RESTful\u8bbe\u8ba1，\u8bb0\u4f4f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\u5c31\u884c：GET\u7528\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u8d44\u6e90，POST\u7528\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u8d44\u6e90，PUT\u7528\u6765\u66f4\u65b0，DELETE\u7528\u6765\u5220\u9664\u3002\u65b9\u6cd5\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u8bed\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u72b6\u6001\u7801：\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u8bf4\u4ec0\u4e48<\/h4>\n

\u6bcf\u6b21HTTP\u54cd\u5e94\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u90fd\u6709\u4e2a\u4e09\u4f4d\u6570\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u3002\u5206\u4e94\u7c7b：<\/p>\n

1xx \u4fe1\u606f \u8bf7\u6c42\u6536\u5230\u4e86，\u7ee7\u7eed\u5904\u7406
\n2xx \u6210\u529f \u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u4e86
\n3xx \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411 \u8981\u53bb\u522b\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u62ff
\n4xx \u4f60\u9519\u4e86 \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fd9\u8fb9\u6709\u95ee\u9898
\n5xx \u6211\u9519\u4e86 \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd9\u8fb9\u6709\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n

\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a：<\/p>\n

200 OK \u8bf7\u6c42\u6210\u529f，\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\u91cc\u6709\u4f60\u8981\u7684\u4e1c\u897f
\n301 \u6c38\u4e45\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411 URL\u6362\u4e86，\u4ee5\u540e\u522b\u6765\u8fd9\u4e86，\u53bb\u65b0\u5730\u5740
\n302 \u4e34\u65f6\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411 \u6682\u65f6\u6362\u4e86，\u4e0b\u6b21\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u6765\u8fd9
\n304 Not Modified \u4f60\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u7248\u672c\u8fd8\u80fd\u7528，\u4e0d\u7528\u91cd\u65b0\u4e0b\u8f7d
\n400 Bad Request \u8bf7\u6c42\u683c\u5f0f\u4e0d\u5bf9，\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u770b\u4e0d\u61c2
\n401 Unauthorized \u6ca1\u767b\u5f55，\u5148\u8ba4\u8bc1
\n403 Forbidden \u767b\u5f55\u4e86\u4f46\u6ca1\u6743\u9650
\n404 Not Found \u8fd9\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728
\n500 Internal Server Error \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5185\u90e8\u51fa\u9519\u4e86
\n502 Bad Gateway \u7f51\u5173\u6536\u4e0d\u5230\u4e0a\u6e38\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u54cd\u5e94
\n503 Service Unavailable \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6682\u65f6\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528，\u8fc7\u4f1a\u518d\u6765<\/p>\n

301\u548c302\u7684\u533a\u522b\u503c\u5f97\u591a\u8bf4\u4e00\u53e5\u3002301\u662f"\u6c38\u4e45\u642c\u5bb6"，\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f1a\u7f13\u5b58\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8df3\u8f6c，\u4e0b\u6b21\u76f4\u63a5\u53bb\u65b0\u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u95ee\u65e7\u7684\u3002302\u662f"\u4e34\u65f6\u51fa\u5dee"，\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e0b\u6b21\u8fd8\u6765\u65e7\u5730\u5740\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n

304\u5728\u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18\u91cc\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de304\u8868\u793a"\u4f60\u672c\u5730\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u7248\u672c\u6ca1\u8fc7\u671f，\u76f4\u63a5\u7528"\u3002\u7701\u4e86\u4f20\u8f93\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\u7684\u5e26\u5bbd，\u9875\u9762\u52a0\u8f7d\u66f4\u5feb\u3002<\/p>\n

401\u548c403\u7684\u533a\u522b\u4e5f\u597d\u7406\u89e3\u3002401\u662f"\u4f60\u662f\u8c01？\u201c，\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4f60\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u3002403\u662f"\u6211\u77e5\u9053\u4f60\u662f\u8c01，\u4f46\u4f60\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fdb\u8fd9\u91cc\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

Cookie\u548cSession：\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u600e\u4e48\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4f60<\/h4>\n

HTTP\u6709\u4e2a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0a\u7684\u7279\u70b9：\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684，\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u5c31\u5fd8\u4e86\u4f60\u662f\u8c01\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u6d4f\u89c8\u7f51\u9875\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898，\u4f46\u5bf9\u767b\u5f55\u573a\u666f\u5c31\u5f88\u9ebb\u70e6\u3002\u4f60\u767b\u5f55\u4e86，\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53c8\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4f60\u662f\u8c01\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

Cookie\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u54cd\u5e94\u5934\u91cc\u585e\u4e00\u4e2aSet-Cookie，\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u81ea\u52a8\u4fdd\u5b58，\u4e4b\u540e\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u81ea\u52a8\u5e26\u4e0aCookie\u3002<\/p>\n

# \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u54cd\u5e94
\nSet-Cookie: session_id=abc123; Path=\/; HttpOnly; Secure; SameSite=Lax<\/p>\n

# \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u540e\u7eed\u8bf7\u6c42
\nCookie: session_id=abc123<\/p>\n

\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u89c1\u5230\u4f60，\u7ed9\u4f60\u53d1\u4e00\u4e2asession_id\u3002\u4f60\u4e4b\u540e\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e26\u7740\u8fd9\u4e2aid，\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c31\u80fd\u8ba4\u51fa\u4f60\u662f\u4e4b\u524d\u90a3\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u90a3\u8fb9\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2aid\u67e5\u5230\u4f60\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u8d2d\u7269\u8f66\u5185\u5bb9\u4e4b\u7c7b\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u53ebSession\u3002<\/p>\n

Cookie\u5b58\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7aef，Session\u5b58\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u3002Cookie\u662f"\u901a\u884c\u8bc1"，Session\u662f"\u767b\u8bb0\u7c3f"\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u7684\u901a\u884c\u8bc1\u4e0a\u5199\u4e2a\u7f16\u53f7，\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u81ea\u5df1\u6709\u4e2a\u767b\u8bb0\u7c3f\u8bb0\u5f55\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7f16\u53f7\u5bf9\u5e94\u8c01\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u7eafCookie+Session\u6709\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898：session_id\u5c31\u662f\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32，\u8c01\u62ff\u5230\u5c31\u80fd\u5192\u5145\u8c01\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u6709\u4e86Token\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

Token\u7684\u601d\u8def\u662f\u628a\u72b6\u6001\u642c\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0d\u53d1\u4e00\u4e2a\u968f\u673aid，\u800c\u662f\u53d1\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b7e\u540d\u7684\u4ee4\u724c（\u6bd4\u5982JWT），\u91cc\u9762\u5305\u542b\u4f60\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u4fe1\u606f\u52a0\u4e0a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7b7e\u540d\u3002\u4f60\u4e0b\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e26Token\u6765，\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9a8c\u7b7e\u540d，\u7b7e\u540d\u5bf9\u4e86\u5c31\u4fe1\u4efb\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5b58Session，\u7701\u4e86\u5b58\u50a8\u3002<\/p>\n

#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}@keyframes edge-animation-frame{from{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}@keyframes dash{to{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .edge-animation-slow{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 50s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .edge-animation-fast{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 20s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .edge-thickness-invisible{stroke-width:0;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy svg{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy p{margin:0;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .label{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .cluster-label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .cluster-label span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .cluster-label span p{background-color:transparent;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .label text,#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy span{fill:#333;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .node rect,#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .node circle,#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .node ellipse,#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .node polygon,#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .rough-node .label text,#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .node .label text,#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .icon-shape .label{text-anchor:middle;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .node .katex path{fill:#000;stroke:#000;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .rough-node .label,#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .node .label,#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .icon-shape .label{text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .node.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .root .anchor path{fill:#333333!important;stroke-width:0;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .arrowheadPath{fill:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .edgePath .path{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:2.0px;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .flowchart-link{stroke:#333333;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .edgeLabel{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .edgeLabel p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .labelBkg{background-color:rgba(232, 232, 232, 0.5);}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .cluster span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:hsl(80, 100%, 96.2745098039%);border:1px solid #aaaa33;border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .flowchartTitleText{text-anchor:middle;font-size:18px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy rect.text{fill:none;stroke-width:0;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .icon-shape,#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .image-shape{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .icon-shape p,#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .image-shape p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);padding:2px;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .icon-shape .label rect,#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .image-shape .label rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .label-icon{display:inline-block;height:1em;overflow:visible;vertical-align:-0.125em;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy .node .label-icon path{fill:currentColor;stroke:revert;stroke-width:revert;}#mermaid-svg-mkCT2n3VyKA6QrXy :root{–mermaid-font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Token\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u5e26Token JWT<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u9a8c\u7b7e\u540d<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u7b7e\u540d\u6b63\u786e\u76f4\u63a5\u4fe1\u4efb<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u65e0\u9700\u67e5\u5e93<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Cookie+Session\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u5e26Cookie session_id<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u67e5Session\u5b58\u50a8<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u8fd4\u56de\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u6570\u636e\u5e93\/\u5185\u5b58<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

Cookie\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u5c5e\u6027\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u3002HttpOnly\u8ba9JavaScript\u8bfb\u4e0d\u5230Cookie，\u9632\u6b62XSS\u653b\u51fb\u5077session\u3002Secure\u8ba9Cookie\u53ea\u5728HTTPS\u4e0b\u4f20\u8f93\u3002SameSite\u63a7\u5236\u8de8\u7ad9\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u5426\u5e26Cookie，\u9632\u6b62CSRF\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u5728\u9762\u8bd5\u91cc\u5e38\u95ee，\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u91cc\u5fc5\u987b\u914d\u3002<\/p>\n

HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u6f14\u8fdb：1.0\u52303.0<\/h4>\n

HTTP\/1.0\u65f6\u4ee3，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u8981\u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aTCP\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u4f60\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u9875\u670920\u5f20\u56fe\u7247，\u5c31\u5efa20\u6b21TCP\u8fde\u63a5，\u6bcf\u6b21\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u56db\u6b21\u6325\u624b，\u5f00\u9500\u5de8\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n

HTTP\/1.1\u5f15\u5165\u4e86keep-alive，\u4e00\u4e2aTCP\u8fde\u63a5\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u591a\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u4f46\u6709\u4e2a\u9650\u5236：\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0a\u53ea\u80fd\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42，\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u54cd\u5e94\u56de\u6765\u624d\u80fd\u53d1\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e3a\u4e86\u52a0\u901f，\u4f1a\u540c\u65f6\u5f00\u7ea66\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u5e76\u884c\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

HTTP\/1.1\u8fd8\u6709\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u53eb"\u961f\u5934\u963b\u585e"\u3002\u867d\u71361.1\u652f\u6301pipelining（\u7ba1\u9053\u5316，\u5141\u8bb8\u8fde\u7eed\u53d1\u591a\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e0d\u7b49\u54cd\u5e94），\u4f46\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5fc5\u987b\u6309\u8bf7\u6c42\u987a\u5e8f\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u6162\u4e86，\u540e\u9762\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u5168\u6392\u961f\u7b49\u7740\u3002<\/p>\n

HTTP\/2\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528，\u4e00\u4e2aTCP\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u8dd1\u591a\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94，\u4e92\u4e0d\u963b\u585e\u3002\u8fd8\u52a0\u4e86\u5934\u90e8\u538b\u7f29（HPACK\u7b97\u6cd5）\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a8\u9001\u3002<\/p>\n

HTTP\/3\u66f4\u6fc0\u8fdb，\u76f4\u63a5\u628aTCP\u6362\u6210UDP\u3002\u7528QUIC\u534f\u8bae\u5728UDP\u4e0a\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u597d\u5904\u662f\u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\u66f4\u5feb（1-RTT\u751a\u81f30-RTT），\u7f51\u7edc\u5207\u6362\u4e0d\u65ad\u7ebf（\u624b\u673a\u4eceWiFi\u52074G\u4e0d\u4e22\u8fde\u63a5）\u3002\u4ee3\u4ef7\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u590d\u6742，\u90e8\u7f72\u8fd8\u4e0d\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n

HTTP\/1.0 \u6bcf\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5 \u6162
\nHTTP\/1.1 keep-alive + \u7ba1\u9053 \u597d\u4e00\u4e9b，\u6709\u961f\u5934\u963b\u585e
\nHTTP\/2 \u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528 + \u5934\u90e8\u538b\u7f29 \u5feb，\u4f46TCP\u5c42\u8fd8\u6709\u961f\u5934\u963b\u585e
\nHTTP\/3 QUIC over UDP \u6700\u5feb，\u89e3\u51b3TCP\u5c42\u961f\u5934\u963b\u585e<\/p>\n

\u7b51\u57fa\u671f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6df1\u5165QUIC\u7684\u62e5\u585e\u63a7\u5236\u7ec6\u8282，\u77e5\u9053\u6bcf\u4e00\u4ee3\u90fd\u5728\u51cf\u5c11\u8fde\u63a5\u5f00\u9500\u548c\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\u5c31\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u6b21\u5168\u94fe\u8def\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u52a0\u8f7d\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/h4>\n

\u628a\u4eca\u5929\u8bb2\u7684\u4e32\u8d77\u6765，\u770b\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8f93\u5165 xren.ren \u540e\u5230\u5e95\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48：<\/p>\n

1. DNS\u67e5\u8be2：xren.ren \u2192 43.135.53.100
\n \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7f13\u5b58 \u2192 \u7cfb\u7edf\u7f13\u5b58 \u2192 hosts \u2192 \u672c\u5730DNS \u2192 \u6839 \u2192 TLD \u2192 \u6743\u5a01DNS<\/p>\n

2. TCP\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b：\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668 \u2192 43.135.53.100:443<\/p>\n

3. TLS\u63e1\u624b（\u5982\u679cHTTPS）：\u534f\u5546\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5，\u4ea4\u6362\u8bc1\u4e66\u548c\u5bc6\u94a5<\/p>\n

4. HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42：
\n GET \/ HTTP\/1.1
\n Host: xren.ren
\n Cookie: session_id=abc123<\/p>\n

5. \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5904\u7406：\u67e5\u8def\u7531 \u2192 \u67e5\u6570\u636e\u5e93 \u2192 \u6e32\u67d3HTML \u2192 \u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94<\/p>\n

6. HTTP\u54cd\u5e94：
\n HTTP\/1.1 200 OK
\n Content-Type: text\/html
\n Set-Cookie: session_id=abc123<\/p>\n

7. \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u89e3\u6790HTML，\u53d1\u73b0CSS\/JS\/\u56fe\u7247\u8d44\u6e90，\u91cd\u590d\u6b65\u9aa44-6<\/p>\n

8. \u9875\u9762\u6e32\u67d3\u5b8c\u6210<\/p>\n

\u8fd98\u6b65\u5728\u51e0\u767e\u6beb\u79d2\u5185\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u4f60\u611f\u89c9\u5230\u7684"\u6253\u5f00\u7f51\u9875"，\u80cc\u540e\u662fDNS，TCP，TLS，HTTP\u56db\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u914d\u5408\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4fee\u4ed9\u672f\u8bed\u5bf9\u7167\u8868<\/h3>\n\n\u4fee\u4ed9\u672f\u8bed\u6280\u672f\u73b0\u5b9e\u672c\u7bc7\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u6237\u7c4d\u5904<\/td>\nDNS\u7cfb\u7edf<\/td>\nDNS\u7ae0\u8282<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u62a5\u540d\u5b57\u67e5\u5730\u5740<\/td>\n\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u4e3aIP<\/td>\nDNS\u67e5\u8be2\u94fe\u8def<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u9012\u5f52\u67e5\u8be2<\/td>\nDNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e2e\u4f60\u67e5\u5230\u5e95<\/td>\n\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8bf7\u6c42\u672c\u5730DNS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u8fed\u4ee3\u67e5\u8be2<\/td>\n\u4e00\u7ea7\u4e00\u7ea7\u95ee，\u6bcf\u6b65\u7ed9\u7ebf\u7d22<\/td>\n\u672c\u5730DNS\u67e5\u6839\/TLD\/\u6743\u5a01<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5bf9\u8bdd\u8bed\u8a00<\/td>\nHTTP\u534f\u8bae<\/td>\nHTTP\u7ae0\u8282<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4f20\u4fe1\u683c\u5f0f<\/td>\nHTTP\u62a5\u6587（\u8bf7\u6c42\u884c+\u5934+\u4f53）<\/td>\n\u8bf7\u6c42\u54cd\u5e94\u683c\u5f0f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4f20\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f<\/td>\nGET\/POST\/PUT\/DELETE\u65b9\u6cd5<\/td>\n\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bed\u4e49<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u56de\u4fe1\u6697\u53f7<\/td>\nHTTP\u72b6\u6001\u7801<\/td>\n\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u7ae0\u8282<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6c38\u4e45\u642c\u5bb6<\/td>\n301\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/td>\n3xx\u72b6\u6001\u7801<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6682\u65f6\u51fa\u5dee<\/td>\n302\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/td>\n3xx\u72b6\u6001\u7801<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u901a\u884c\u8bc1<\/td>\nCookie<\/td>\nCookie\u548cSession<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u767b\u8bb0\u7c3f<\/td>\nSession（\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5b58\u50a8）<\/td>\nCookie\u548cSession<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u7b7e\u540d\u4ee4\u724c<\/td>\nJWT Token<\/td>\nToken\u673a\u5236<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4f20\u9001\u9635\u5347\u7ea7<\/td>\nHTTP\/1.0\u21921.1\u21922\u21923<\/td>\n\u534f\u8bae\u6f14\u8fdb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n

\u7a81\u7834\u6761\u4ef6<\/h3>\n
    \n
  • \u80fd\u753b\u51faDNS\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u5168\u94fe\u8def，\u5206\u6e05\u9012\u5f52\u548c\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/li>\n
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