{"id":106907,"date":"2026-09-18T14:48:31","date_gmt":"2026-09-18T06:48:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/106907.html"},"modified":"2026-09-18T14:48:31","modified_gmt":"2026-09-18T06:48:31","slug":"%e4%b8%a4%e4%b8%aa%e7%94%a8%e6%88%b7%e5%90%8c%e6%97%b6%e7%82%b9%e8%b4%ad%e4%b9%b0%ef%bc%8c%e4%b8%ba%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e5%ba%93%e5%ad%98%e5%8f%af%e8%83%bd%e5%8f%98%e6%88%90%e8%b4%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/106907.html","title":{"rendered":"\u4e24\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u540c\u65f6\u70b9\u201c\u8d2d\u4e70\u201d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5e93\u5b58\u53ef\u80fd\u53d8\u6210\u8d1f\u6570\uff1a\u4ece\u5e76\u53d1\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u771f\u76f8"},"content":{"rendered":"<\/p>\n<h4>\u6587\u7ae0\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e00\u3001\u5e76\u53d1\u771f\u6b63\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u662f\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5047\u8bbe<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u5e76\u53d1 Bug<\/li>\n<li>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f00\u53d1\u7535\u8111\u4e0a\u5f88\u96be\u590d\u73b0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u4e8c\u3001\u4e8b\u52a1\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u662f\u201c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u5fc5\u987b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u201d<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>ACID \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u4e09\u3001\u9501\u4e0d\u662f\u8d8a\u591a\u8d8a\u5b89\u5168&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u51b2\u7a81\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u54ea\u91cc<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e50\u89c2\u9501\u91c7\u53d6\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u601d\u8def<\/li>\n<li>\u9501\u540c\u6837\u5177\u6709\u6210\u672c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u56db\u3001\u771f\u6b63\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u63a7\u5236\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u591a\u5c42\u5171\u540c\u4fdd\u8bc1<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>SaaS \u914d\u989d\u4e5f\u662f\u5e76\u53d1\u95ee\u9898<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> \u4e00\u4e2a\u7535\u5546\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ea\u5269\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4ef6\u5546\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e24\u4f4d\u7528\u6237\u51e0\u4e4e\u540c\u65f6\u6253\u5f00\u9875\u9762&#xff0c;\u770b\u5230&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u5e93\u5b58&#xff1a;<span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4e24\u4e2a\u4eba\u53c8\u51e0\u4e4e\u540c\u65f6\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u8d2d\u4e70\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ea\u662f\u6309\u7167\u6700\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>stock <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> get_stock<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>product_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> stock <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    create_order<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    update_stock<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>stock <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801\u6ca1\u6709\u8bed\u6cd5\u9519\u8bef&#xff0c;\u903b\u8f91\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u4e5f\u5b8c\u5168\u5408\u7406&#xff1a;\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u5e93\u5b58&#xff0c;\u6709\u5e93\u5b58\u5c31\u521b\u5efa\u8ba2\u5355&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u5e93\u5b58\u51cf\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e&#xff0c;\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u6309\u7167\u4eba\u7c7b\u9605\u8bfb\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u4f9d\u6b21\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u771f\u6b63\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u662f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u7528\u6237 A                         \u7528\u6237 B<br \/>\n  \u2502                              \u2502<br \/>\n\u8bfb\u53d6 stock <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span>              \u8bfb\u53d6 stock <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><br \/>\n  \u2502                              \u2502<br \/>\n\u5224\u65ad <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span>                  \u5224\u65ad <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><br \/>\n  \u2502                              \u2502<br \/>\n\u521b\u5efa\u8ba2\u5355 A                  \u521b\u5efa\u8ba2\u5355 B<br \/>\n  \u2502                              \u2502<br \/>\n\u5199\u5165 stock <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span>             \u5199\u5165 stock <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u663e\u793a\u5e93\u5b58\u4e3a 0&#xff0c;\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u751a\u81f3\u6ca1\u6709\u51fa\u73b0\u8d1f\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5356\u51fa\u4e86\u4e24\u4ef6\u5546\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u662f\u5e76\u53d1\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u5178\u578b\u7684 Race Condition&#xff08;\u7ade\u6001\u6761\u4ef6&#xff09; \u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b83\u6700\u5371\u9669\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5728\u4e8e&#xff1a;\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5355\u72ec\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e00\u767e\u6b21\u53ef\u80fd\u90fd\u6b63\u786e&#xff0c;\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u5728\u6781\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u6070\u597d\u4ea4\u9519\u65f6\u624d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e00\u3001\u5e76\u53d1\u771f\u6b63\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u662f\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5047\u8bbe<\/h2>\n<p>\u5199\u666e\u901a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u628a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>a <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> read<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\nb <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> calculate<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>a<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\nwrite<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>b<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5b9e\u9645\u770b\u5230\u7684\u5374\u662f\u4e09\u4e2a\u5f7c\u6b64\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>READ<br \/>\n \u2193<br \/>\nCOMPUTE<br \/>\n \u2193<br \/>\nWRITE<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u8005&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea4\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u5e76\u53d1 Bug<\/h3>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>counter <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u770b\u6765\u53ea\u662f\u201c\u52a0\u4e00\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e95\u5c42\u903b\u8f91\u5374\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u8bfb\u53d6 counter<br \/>\n      \u2193<br \/>\n\u8ba1\u7b97 counter <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><br \/>\n      \u2193<br \/>\n\u5199\u56de counter<\/p>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u521d\u59cb&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>counter <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">100<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u7ebf\u7a0b A \u548c\u7ebf\u7a0b B \u540c\u65f6\u6267\u884c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>A \u8bfb\u53d6 <span class=\"token number\">100<\/span><br \/>\nB \u8bfb\u53d6 <span class=\"token number\">100<\/span><\/p>\n<p>A \u8ba1\u7b97 <span class=\"token number\">101<\/span><br \/>\nB \u8ba1\u7b97 <span class=\"token number\">101<\/span><\/p>\n<p>A \u5199\u5165 <span class=\"token number\">101<\/span><br \/>\nB \u5199\u5165 <span class=\"token number\">101<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u4e86\u4e24\u6b21\u52a0\u4e00&#xff0c;\u6700\u7ec8\u5374\u53ea\u6709&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token number\">101<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u53eb Lost Update&#xff08;\u4e22\u5931\u66f4\u65b0&#xff09; \u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e76\u53d1\u95ee\u9898\u771f\u6b63\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u4e5f\u7531\u6b64\u663e\u73b0&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u5355\u72ec\u770b\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u6b63\u786e&#xff0c;\u9519\u8bef\u6765\u81ea\u591a\u4e2a\u6b63\u786e\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f00\u53d1\u7535\u8111\u4e0a\u5f88\u96be\u590d\u73b0<\/h3>\n<p>\u7ade\u6001\u6761\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u4f9d\u8d56\u6781\u5c0f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7a97\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex--inline\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\"><\/p>\n<p>         T<\/p>\n<p>         race<\/p>\n<p>        &#061;<\/p>\n<p>        5<\/p>\n<p>        \u00a0ms<\/p>\n<p>       T_{\\\\text{race}} &#061; 5\\\\text{ ms}<\/p>\n<p>    <\/span><span class=\"katex-html\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.8333em;vertical-align: -0.15em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span style=\"margin-right: 0.1389em\" class=\"mord mathnormal\">T<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height: 0.1514em\"><span class=\"\" style=\"top: -2.55em;margin-left: -0.1389em;margin-right: 0.05em\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height: 2.7em\"><\/span><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord text mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">race<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height: 0.15em\"><span class=\"\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2778em\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.6444em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">5<\/span><span class=\"mord text\"><span class=\"mord\">\u00a0ms<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u6070\u597d\u5728\u8fd9 5 ms \u5185\u8fdb\u5165&#xff0c;Bug \u624d\u51fa\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f00\u53d1\u9636\u6bb5\u6bcf\u79d2\u53ea\u6709&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span> request<\/p>\n<p>\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u53ef\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token number\">5<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><span class=\"token number\">000<\/span> requests <span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span> second<\/p>\n<p>\u539f\u672c\u201c\u6781\u4f4e\u6982\u7387\u201d\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6bcf\u5929\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u5f88\u591a\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5e76\u53d1 Bug \u7ecf\u5e38\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u5730&#xff1a;\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u89c1\u8fc7<br \/>\n\u6d4b\u8bd5&#xff1a;\u5076\u5c14\u5931\u8d25<br \/>\n\u751f\u4ea7&#xff1a;\u6bcf\u5929\u53d1\u751f<\/p>\n<p>\u771f\u6b63\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u7ee7\u7eed\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8c03\u6574\u8bf7\u6c42\u987a\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u5173\u952e\u64cd\u4f5c\u5177\u6709\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u4e8c\u3001\u4e8b\u52a1\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u662f\u201c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u5fc5\u987b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u201d<\/h2>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u94f6\u884c\u8f6c\u8d26&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u8d26\u6237 A <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">100<\/span><br \/>\n\u8d26\u6237 B <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">100<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u6210\u529f&#xff0c;\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u5931\u8d25&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>A&#xff1a;\u5c11\u4e86 <span class=\"token number\">100<\/span><br \/>\nB&#xff1a;\u6ca1\u6709\u6536\u5230<\/p>\n<p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u4e0d\u5408\u6cd5\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b Transaction&#xff08;\u4e8b\u52a1&#xff09;&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>BEGIN<\/p>\n<p>A <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">100<\/span><br \/>\nB <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">100<\/span><\/p>\n<p>COMMIT<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u6b65\u5931\u8d25&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>ROLLBACK<\/p>\n<p>\u6574\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u5f00\u59cb\u4e4b\u524d\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>ACID \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5<\/h3>\n<p>\u7ecf\u5178\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e8b\u52a1\u901a\u5e38\u7528 ACID \u63cf\u8ff0&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u5c5e\u6027\u542b\u4e49<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Atomicity<\/td>\n<td>\u64cd\u4f5c\u5168\u90e8\u6210\u529f\u6216\u5168\u90e8\u5931\u8d25<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Consistency<\/td>\n<td>\u6570\u636e\u4fdd\u6301\u5408\u6cd5\u72b6\u6001<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Isolation<\/td>\n<td>\u5e76\u53d1\u4e8b\u52a1\u5c3d\u91cf\u4e92\u4e0d\u5e72\u6270<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Durability<\/td>\n<td>\u63d0\u4ea4\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u80fd\u591f\u6301\u4e45\u4fdd\u5b58<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5e93\u5b58\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff0c;\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u68c0\u67e5\u5e93\u5b58<br \/>\n\u2193<br \/>\n\u6263\u51cf\u5e93\u5b58<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u6210\u4e24\u4e2a\u5f7c\u6b64\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u52a0\u53ef\u9760\u7684 SQL \u601d\u8def\u662f\u76f4\u63a5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>UPDATE products<br \/>\nSET stock <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> stock <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><br \/>\nWHERE <span class=\"token builtin\">id<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1001<\/span><br \/>\n  AND stock <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u68c0\u67e5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>affected_rows<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>affected_rows <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8bf4\u660e\u62a2\u8d2d\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>affected_rows <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8bf4\u660e\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ca1\u6709\u5e93\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u6700\u5927\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u662f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u518d\u201c\u5148\u8bfb\u51fa\u6765&#xff0c;\u518d\u7531\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u51b3\u5b9a\u600e\u4e48\u5199\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u5b50\u66f4\u65b0\u4e2d\u5b8c\u6210\u5224\u65ad\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>stock <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> query<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> stock <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    update<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u9760\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e09\u3001\u9501\u4e0d\u662f\u8d8a\u591a\u8d8a\u5b89\u5168&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u51b2\u7a81\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u54ea\u91cc<\/h2>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u52a0\u9501\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\u4e8b\u52a1\u8bfb\u53d6\u5546\u54c1\u65f6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>SELECT stock<br \/>\nFROM products<br \/>\nWHERE <span class=\"token builtin\">id<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1001<\/span><br \/>\nFOR UPDATE<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u9501\u4f4f\u5bf9\u5e94\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8e\u662f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>Transaction A<br \/>\n\u83b7\u53d6 Row Lock<br \/>\n      \u2193<br \/>\n\u68c0\u67e5\u5e93\u5b58<br \/>\n      \u2193<br \/>\n\u4fee\u6539\u5e93\u5b58<br \/>\n      \u2193<br \/>\nCommit<br \/>\n      \u2193<br \/>\n\u91ca\u653e\u9501<\/p>\n<p>Transaction B<br \/>\n\u4e00\u76f4\u7b49\u5f85<br \/>\n      \u2193<br \/>\nA \u91ca\u653e\u4ee5\u540e\u7ee7\u7eed<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5178\u578b\u7684\u60b2\u89c2\u9501\u601d\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b83\u5047\u8bbe&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u51b2\u7a81\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u5148\u9501\u4f4f\u518d\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e50\u89c2\u9501\u91c7\u53d6\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u601d\u8def<\/h3>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u51b2\u7a81\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5f88\u5c11&#xff0c;\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u52a0\u9501\u53ef\u80fd\u964d\u4f4e\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u6570\u636e\u589e\u52a0&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>version<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>product_id <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1001<\/span><br \/>\nstock <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">10<\/span><br \/>\nversion <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">7<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8bfb\u53d6\u4ee5\u540e\u6267\u884c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>UPDATE products<br \/>\nSET stock <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">9<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n    version <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">8<\/span><br \/>\nWHERE <span class=\"token builtin\">id<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1001<\/span><br \/>\n  AND version <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">7<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u5df2\u7ecf\u5148\u4fee\u6539&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>version <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">8<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u6761 SQL&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>affected_rows <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u524d\u8bf7\u6c42\u5c31\u77e5\u9053&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fc7\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u65b0\u8bfb\u53d6\u5e76\u91cd\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e24\u79cd\u601d\u60f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u7406\u89e3&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u7b56\u7565\u57fa\u672c\u5047\u8bbe<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u60b2\u89c2\u9501<\/td>\n<td>\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u51b2\u7a81&#xff0c;\u5148\u9501<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u4e50\u89c2\u9501<\/td>\n<td>\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51b2\u7a81&#xff0c;\u51b2\u7a81\u540e\u518d\u5904\u7406<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u9ad8\u51b2\u7a81\u5e93\u5b58\u3001\u5ea7\u4f4d\u62a2\u8d2d\u7b49\u573a\u666f\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u503e\u5411\u5f3a\u63a7\u5236&#xff1b;\u666e\u901a\u540e\u53f0\u7f16\u8f91\u7b49\u4f4e\u51b2\u7a81\u4e1a\u52a1&#xff0c;\u5219\u7ecf\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u4e50\u89c2\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u9501\u540c\u6837\u5177\u6709\u6210\u672c<\/h3>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u4e8b\u52a1 A&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>BEGIN<br \/>\n\u2193<br \/>\n\u9501\u4f4f\u8ba2\u5355<br \/>\n\u2193<br \/>\n\u8c03\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u652f\u4ed8 API<br \/>\n\u2193<br \/>\n\u7b49\u5f85 <span class=\"token number\">8<\/span> \u79d2<br \/>\n\u2193<br \/>\nCOMMIT<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u6761\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bb0\u5f55\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u9501\u6574\u6574 8 \u79d2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4ed6\u8bf7\u6c42\u5168\u90e8\u7b49\u5f85\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u5de5\u7a0b\u539f\u5219\u662f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e8b\u52a1\u5e94\u8be5\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u77ed\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c24\u5176\u4e0d\u8981\u8f7b\u6613\u5728\u4e8b\u52a1\u5185\u90e8\u6267\u884c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7f51\u7edc\u8c03\u7528&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u5904\u7406&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>AI \u63a8\u7406&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u957f\u65f6\u95f4 CPU \u8ba1\u7b97&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u4eba\u5de5\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5426\u5219\u4e00\u4e2a\u672c\u6765\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u53d8\u6210\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u56db\u3001\u771f\u6b63\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u63a7\u5236\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u591a\u5c42\u5171\u540c\u4fdd\u8bc1<\/h2>\n<p>\u5f88\u591a\u7cfb\u7edf\u559c\u6b22\u628a\u5b89\u5168\u903b\u8f91\u5168\u90e8\u5199\u5728 Python\u3001Java \u6216 JavaScript \u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\u6ce8\u518c\u7528\u6237&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">not<\/span> user_exists<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>email<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    create_user<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>email<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5df2\u7ecf\u963b\u6b62\u91cd\u590d\u90ae\u7bb1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u6267\u884c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>A&#xff1a;\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728<br \/>\nB&#xff1a;\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728<br \/>\nA&#xff1a;\u521b\u5efa<br \/>\nB&#xff1a;\u521b\u5efa<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u7ec8\u51fa\u73b0\u4e24\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u90ae\u7bb1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u66f4\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u589e\u52a0&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>UNIQUE<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>email<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5373\u4f7f\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u5224\u65ad\u5931\u6548&#xff0c;\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4ecd\u7136\u62d2\u7edd\u975e\u6cd5\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u8d1f\u8d23\u53cb\u597d\u5730\u5904\u7406\u89c4\u5219&#xff0c;\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ea6\u675f\u8d1f\u8d23\u5b88\u4f4f\u6700\u540e\u8fb9\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>Application<br \/>\n   \u2193<br \/>\n\u4e1a\u52a1\u6821\u9a8c<br \/>\n   \u2193<br \/>\nTransaction<br \/>\n   \u2193<br \/>\nDatabase Constraint<br \/>\n   \u2193<br \/>\n\u6700\u7ec8\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n<h3>SaaS \u914d\u989d\u4e5f\u662f\u5e76\u53d1\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u5957\u9910\u9650\u5236&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u591a <span class=\"token number\">10<\/span> \u4e2a\u6210\u5458<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709 9 \u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u540c\u65f6\u9080\u8bf7\u65b0\u6210\u5458&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u7ba1\u7406\u5458 A&#xff1a;\u770b\u5230 <span class=\"token number\">9<\/span><br \/>\n\u7ba1\u7406\u5458 B&#xff1a;\u770b\u5230 <span class=\"token number\">9<\/span><\/p>\n<p>A&#xff1a;<span class=\"token number\">9<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">10<\/span>&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0<br \/>\nB&#xff1a;<span class=\"token number\">9<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">10<\/span>&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u7ec8&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token number\">11<\/span> users<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u548c\u5546\u54c1\u5e93\u5b58\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9884\u7ea6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u4e00\u6837&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u9884\u7ea6\u540d\u989d<\/p>\n<p>\u4f18\u60e0\u5238\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5f20\u4f18\u60e0\u5238<\/p>\n<p>\u4efb\u52a1\u8c03\u5ea6\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u591a\u540c\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c <span class=\"token number\">4<\/span> \u4e2a GPU Job<\/p>\n<p>\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u5916\u89c2\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c&#xff0c;\u5e95\u5c42\u5374\u90fd\u662f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex--display\"><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\"><\/p>\n<p>         Check<\/p>\n<p>         &#043;<\/p>\n<p>         Concurrent\u00a0Modification<\/p>\n<p>         &#043;<\/p>\n<p>         Commit<\/p>\n<p>         \\\\text{Check} &#043; \\\\text{Concurrent Modification} &#043; \\\\text{Commit} <\/p>\n<p>     <\/span><span class=\"katex-html\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.7778em;vertical-align: -0.0833em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord text\"><span class=\"mord\">Check<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2222em\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">&#043;<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2222em\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.7778em;vertical-align: -0.0833em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord text\"><span class=\"mord\">Concurrent\u00a0Modification<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2222em\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">&#043;<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2222em\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.6833em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord text\"><span 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