{"id":106886,"date":"2026-09-18T14:08:47","date_gmt":"2026-09-18T06:08:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/106886.html"},"modified":"2026-09-18T14:08:47","modified_gmt":"2026-09-18T06:08:47","slug":"%e4%bb%8e%e9%9b%b6%e6%90%ad%e5%bb%ba%e7%81%8c%e8%a3%85%e7%9b%91%e6%8e%a7%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%ef%bc%88%e4%ba%8c%ef%bc%89%ef%bc%9a%e4%be%9d%e8%b5%96%e6%b3%a8%e5%85%a5%e4%b8%8e%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e6%9e%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/106886.html","title":{"rendered":"\u4ece\u96f6\u642d\u5efa\u704c\u88c5\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\uff1a\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u544a\u522b\u624b\u52a8 new"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784<\/h2>\n

\u8fd9\u662f\u300c\u4ece\u96f6\u642d\u5efa\u704c\u88c5\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u300d\u7cfb\u5217\u7b2c2\u7bc7\u3002\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7\u642d\u597d\u4e86 MVVM \u9aa8\u67b6，\u4f46 ViewModel \u8fd8\u662f\u624b\u52a8 new \u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u5f15\u5165 DI \u5bb9\u5668，\u628a\u5bf9\u8c61\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\u4ea4\u7ed9\u5bb9\u5668，\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed\u63a5\u5165 PLC\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u62a5\u8b66\u670d\u52a1\u6253\u597d\u67b6\u6784\u5e95\u5ea7\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u5f53\u624b\u52a8 new \u53d8\u6210\u5669\u68a6<\/h3>\n

\u4e0a\u7bc7\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7559\u4e86\u4e2a\u5751：DataContext = new DashboardViewModel() \u8fd9\u79cd\u624b\u52a8 new \u7684\u5199\u6cd5，\u9879\u76ee\u5c0f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898，\u4e00\u65e6\u529f\u80fd\u591a\u4e86\u5c31\u906d\u6b83\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u670b\u53cb\u540e\u6765\u771f\u906d\u6b83\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u6309\u4e0a\u7bc7\u7684\u9aa8\u67b6\u628a\u9879\u76ee\u642d\u8d77\u6765，Dashboard \u80fd\u8dd1\u4e86，\u5f00\u59cb\u5f80\u91cc\u52a0\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5148\u52a0\u65e5\u5fd7\u67e5\u770b\u9875\u9762，\u53c8\u52a0\u62a5\u8b66\u9875\u9762，\u518d\u52a0\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u8be2\u9875\u9762\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9875\u9762\u4e00\u4e2a ViewModel，\u6bcf\u4e2a ViewModel \u90fd\u5728\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u91cc new \u4e00\u5806\u4f9d\u8d56：<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u4ed6\u5199\u7684 LogsViewModel<\/span>
\npublic<\/span> LogsViewModel<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\n _logService =<\/span> new<\/span> LogService<\/span>(<\/span>"logs\\\\\\\\log-.txt"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n _dbProvider =<\/span> new<\/span> DbProvider<\/span>(<\/span>"Data Source=FillTrack.db"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n _alarmService =<\/span> new<\/span> AlarmService<\/span>(<\/span>_dbProvider)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ \u4ed6\u5199\u7684 AlarmsViewModel<\/span>
\npublic<\/span> AlarmsViewModel<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\n _dbProvider =<\/span> new<\/span> DbProvider<\/span>(<\/span>"Data Source=FillTrack.db"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u53c8 new \u4e00\u6b21<\/span>
\n _alarmService =<\/span> new<\/span> AlarmService<\/span>(<\/span>_dbProvider)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u53c8 new \u4e00\u6b21<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u4e86\u2014\u2014\u6bcf\u4e2a ViewModel \u90fd\u81ea\u5df1 new \u4f9d\u8d56，DbProvider \u88ab new \u4e86\u4e09\u56de，\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002AlarmService \u4e5f\u88ab new \u4e86\u4e09\u56de，\u62a5\u8b66\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e09\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u5404\u8ba2\u9605\u4e00\u904d，\u4e00\u4e2a\u62a5\u8b66\u5f39\u4e09\u6b21\u7a97\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u60f3"\u90a3\u628a DbProvider \u6539\u6210\u5355\u4f8b\u5427"，\u4e8e\u662f\u5199\u4e86\u4e2a static Instance\u3002\u6539\u5b8c\u53d1\u73b0 AlarmService \u4e5f\u5f97\u5355\u4f8b，LogService \u4e5f\u5f97\u5355\u4f8b\u2026\u2026\u6539\u5230\u6700\u540e\u5168\u662f\u9759\u6001\u7c7b，\u8ddf\u6ca1\u5c01\u88c5\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n

\u66f4\u6076\u5fc3\u7684\u662f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u4ed6\u60f3\u7ed9 LogsViewModel \u5199\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5，\u4f46\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u91cc\u76f4\u63a5 new \u4e86 LogService，\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u771f\u53bb\u521b\u5efa\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e86\u3002\u6ca1\u6cd5 mock\u3002<\/p>\n

\u624b\u52a8 new \u7684\u672c\u8d28\u95ee\u9898\u662f：\u5bf9\u8c61\u81ea\u5df1\u8d1f\u8d23\u521b\u5efa\u4f9d\u8d56，\u5bfc\u81f4\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f3a\u8026\u5408，\u6ca1\u6cd5\u66ff\u6362\u3001\u6ca1\u6cd5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u6ca1\u6cd5\u7ba1\u7406\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u9700\u8981\u7684\u662f\u2014\u2014\u522b\u4eba\u8d1f\u8d23\u521b\u5efa\u4f9d\u8d56，\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ea\u7ba1\u7528\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e2a"\u522b\u4eba"\u5c31\u662f DI \u5bb9\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

DI \u5bb9\u5668\u5230\u5e95\u5e72\u4e86\u5565<\/h3>\n

DI \u5bb9\u5668（Dependency Injection Container）\u5e72\u7684\u4e8b\u5f88\u7b80\u5355：\u66ff\u4f60 new \u5bf9\u8c61，\u66ff\u4f60\u7ba1\u7406\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb，\u66ff\u4f60\u63a7\u5236\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f60\u544a\u8bc9\u5b83"\u6211\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1，\u5b83\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f"，\u5b83\u5c31\u7ed9\u4f60\u5efa\u4e2a"\u5bf9\u8c61\u5de5\u5382"\u3002\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u54ea\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61，\u95ee\u5b83\u8981\u5c31\u884c，\u5b83\u81ea\u52a8\u628a\u4f9d\u8d56\u90fd\u6ce8\u5165\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n

\"DI<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u6b65\u8d70：<\/p>\n

  • \u6ce8\u518c \u2014 \u5728\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u544a\u8bc9\u5bb9\u5668：\u201cDashboardViewModel \u7528\u5355\u4f8b，LoginViewModel \u7528\u77ac\u6001，DbProvider \u7528\u5355\u4f8b\u201d<\/li>\n
  • \u6784\u5efa \u2014 \u8c03\u7528 BuildServiceProvider() \u751f\u6210\u5bb9\u5668\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/li>\n
  • \u89e3\u6790 \u2014 \u9700\u8981\u67d0\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\u8c03 GetRequiredService<T>()，\u5bb9\u5668\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u5e76\u6ce8\u5165\u6240\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56<\/li>\n

    .NET \u751f\u6001\u91cc DI \u5bb9\u5668\u4e0d\u5c11\u2014\u2014Unity\u3001Autofac\u3001DryIoc\u3001Ninject\u3002\u4f46\u5fae\u8f6f\u5b98\u65b9\u7684 Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection（\u7b80\u79f0 MEDI）\u591f\u7528\u4e86，\u800c\u4e14 ASP.NET Core \u540c\u6b3e，\u6587\u6863\u6700\u5168\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u5217\u5c31\u7528\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65：\u88c5\u5305 + \u5efa\u5bb9\u5668<\/h3>\n

    1.1 \u5b89\u88c5 DI \u5305<\/h4>\n

    \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u63a7\u5236\u53f0：<\/p>\n

    Install-Package<\/span> Microsoft.<\/span>Extensions.<\/span>DependencyInjection<\/p>\n

    \u5c31\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305，\u5305\u542b ServiceCollection\u3001IServiceProvider\u3001IServiceCollection \u8fd9\u4e9b\u6838\u5fc3\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n

    1.2 \u6539\u9020 App.xaml.cs<\/h4>\n

    \u4e0a\u7bc7\u7684 App.xaml.cs \u91cc OnStartup \u76f4\u63a5 new MainWindow\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6539\u6210\u7528 DI \u5bb9\u5668：<\/p>\n

    using<\/span> Microsoft.<\/span>Extensions.<\/span>DependencyInjection<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nusing<\/span> Serilog<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nusing<\/span> FillTrack.<\/span>Models<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nusing<\/span> FillTrack.<\/span>Services<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nusing<\/span> FillTrack.<\/span>Services.<\/span>Logs<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nusing<\/span> FillTrack.<\/span>ViewModels<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nusing<\/span> FillTrack.<\/span>Views<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    namespace<\/span> FillTrack<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \n public<\/span> partial<\/span> class<\/span> App<\/span> :<\/span> Application<\/span><\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u4fdd\u5b58\u6784\u5efa\u597d\u7684 DI \u5bb9\u5668，\u8ba9\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u6790\u4f9d\u8d56<\/span>
    \n public<\/span> IServiceProvider<\/span> ServiceProvider {<\/span> get<\/span>;<\/span> private<\/span> set<\/span>;<\/span> }<\/span><\/p>\n

    protected<\/span> override<\/span> async<\/span> void<\/span><\/span> OnStartup<\/span>(<\/span>StartupEventArgs<\/span> e)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n base<\/span>.<\/span>OnStartup<\/span>(<\/span>e)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n SetExceptionHandling<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u5148\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e93（\u5efa\u8868），\u518d\u542f\u52a8\u65e5\u5fd7，\u907f\u514d\u5199\u5165\u51b2\u7a81<\/span>
    \n await<\/span> InitializeCoreService<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n ConfigLogging<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    try<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ 1. \u521b\u5efa\u670d\u52a1\u96c6\u5408<\/span>
    \n var<\/span><\/span> services =<\/span> new<\/span> ServiceCollection<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n \/\/ 2. \u6ce8\u518c\u6240\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u548c ViewModel<\/span>
    \n ConfigureServices<\/span>(<\/span>services)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n \/\/ 3. \u6784\u5efa\u5bb9\u5668<\/span>
    \n ServiceProvider =<\/span> services.<\/span>BuildServiceProvider<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ 4. \u8d70\u767b\u5f55\u6d41\u7a0b，\u6210\u529f\u540e\u663e\u793a\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3<\/span>
    \n await<\/span> InitialLoginFlowAsync<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n LogService.<\/span>Debug<\/span>(<\/span>"Initializing PLC Service…"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n \/\/ … \u540e\u7eed\u521d\u59cb\u5316 PLC<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n catch<\/span> (<\/span>Exception<\/span> ex)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n LogService.<\/span>Fatal<\/span>(<\/span>"\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u542f\u52a8\u5931\u8d25：{0}"<\/span>,<\/span> ex)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n MessageBox.<\/span>Show<\/span>(<\/span>$"\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u542f\u52a8\u5931\u8d25:<\/span>{<\/span>ex.<\/span>Message<\/span>}<\/span><\/span>"<\/span><\/span>,<\/span> "\u9519\u8bef"<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n MessageBoxButton.<\/span>OK,<\/span> MessageBoxImage.<\/span>Error)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n Shutdown<\/span>(<\/span>–<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    private<\/span> void<\/span><\/span> ConfigureServices<\/span>(<\/span>IServiceCollection<\/span> services)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ ViewModel \u6ce8\u518c<\/span>
    \n services.<\/span>AddSingleton<\/span><<\/span>MainWindowViewModel><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n services.<\/span>AddSingleton<\/span><<\/span>DashboardViewModel><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n services.<\/span>AddSingleton<\/span><<\/span>DataQueryViewModel><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n services.<\/span>AddSingleton<\/span><<\/span>LogsViewModel><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n services.<\/span>AddSingleton<\/span><<\/span>AlarmsViewModel><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n services.<\/span>AddSingleton<\/span><<\/span>SettingViewModel><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n services.<\/span>AddTransient<\/span><<\/span>LoginViewModel><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u767b\u5f55\u7a97\u53e3\u6bcf\u6b21 new \u4e00\u4e2a<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u6ce8\u610f\u770b ConfigureServices \u65b9\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u6240\u6709 ViewModel \u90fd\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6ce8\u518c\u3002AddSingleton<T>() \u8868\u793a\u5bb9\u5668\u91cc\u53ea\u4fdd\u7559\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b，\u8c01\u8981\u90fd\u7ed9\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a；AddTransient<T>() \u8868\u793a\u6bcf\u6b21\u8981\u90fd new \u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u767b\u5f55\u7a97\u53e3\u7528 Transient \u662f\u6709\u8bb2\u7a76\u7684\u2014\u2014\u6bcf\u6b21\u767b\u5f55\u90fd\u8be5\u662f\u4e2a\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u7a97\u53e3，\u4e0d\u8be5\u590d\u7528\u4e0a\u6b21\u7684（\u4e0a\u6b21\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5173\u95ed\u4e86，\u590d\u7528\u4f1a\u62a5\u5f02\u5e38）\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u670d\u52a1\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f：Singleton vs Transient vs Scoped<\/h3>\n

    MEDI \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e09\u79cd\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f，\u641e\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u4f1a\u51fa\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u65b9\u6cd5\u884c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u7528<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
    \u5355\u4f8b<\/td>\nAddSingleton<T>()<\/td>\n\u5168\u5c40\u552f\u4e00\u5b9e\u4f8b，\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u521b\u5efa，\u4e4b\u540e\u90fd\u8fd4\u56de\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a<\/td>\n\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u5168\u5c40\u72b6\u6001\u670d\u52a1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u77ac\u6001<\/td>\nAddTransient<T>()<\/td>\n\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd new \u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684<\/td>\n\u8f7b\u91cf\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u670d\u52a1\u3001ViewModel（\u5982\u767b\u5f55\u7a97\u53e3）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u4f5c\u7528\u57df<\/td>\nAddScoped<T>()<\/td>\n\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u5185\u5355\u4f8b，\u4e0d\u540c\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u4e0d\u540c\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/td>\nASP.NET Core \u8bf7\u6c42\u4f5c\u7528\u57df；WPF \u7528\u5f97\u5c11<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \"\u670d\u52a1\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u5bf9\u6bd4\"<\/p>\n

    WPF \u9879\u76ee\u91cc\u57fa\u672c\u53ea\u7528\u524d\u4e24\u79cd\u3002Scoped \u662f\u7ed9 Web \u8bf7\u6c42\u90a3\u79cd"\u4e00\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f5c\u7528\u57df"\u7684\u573a\u666f\u7528\u7684，\u684c\u9762\u5e94\u7528\u5f88\u5c11\u9700\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u6613\u8e29\u7684\u5751：\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4<\/h4>\n

    \/\/ \u274c \u9519\u8bef：\u5355\u4f8b\u4f9d\u8d56\u77ac\u6001<\/span>
    \nservices.<\/span>AddSingleton<\/span><<\/span>MainWindowViewModel><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u5355\u4f8b<\/span>
    \nservices.<\/span>AddTransient<\/span><<\/span>ILogService,<\/span> LogService><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u77ac\u6001<\/span><\/p>\n

    public<\/span> MainWindowViewModel<\/span>(<\/span>ILogService<\/span> logService)<\/span> {<\/span> ..<\/span>.<\/span> }<\/span>
    \n\/\/ MainWindowViewModel \u662f\u5355\u4f8b，\u6784\u9020\u65f6\u6ce8\u5165\u7684 logService \u4f1a\u88ab\u4e00\u76f4\u6301\u6709<\/span>
    \n\/\/ \u5373\u4f7f ILogService \u6ce8\u518c\u6210 Transient，\u5b9e\u9645\u6548\u679c\u4e5f\u662f\u5355\u4f8b\u2014\u2014\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bb9\u5668\u53ea\u6784\u9020\u4e00\u6b21 MainWindowViewModel<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f bug，\u4f46\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4eba\u56f0\u60d1\u3002\u89c4\u5219\u8bb0\u4e00\u6761：\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u8981 \u2265 \u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u3002 \u5355\u4f8b\u53ea\u80fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u5355\u4f8b，\u77ac\u6001\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f9d\u8d56\u4efb\u4f55\u4e1c\u897f\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65：\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u6ce8\u5165<\/h3>\n

    \u5bb9\u5668\u6ce8\u518c\u4e86，\u600e\u4e48\u7528？\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

    2.1 \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u6ce8\u5165（\u63a8\u8350）<\/h4>\n

    \u5bb9\u5668\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6，\u4f1a\u770b\u5b83\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u9700\u8981\u54ea\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570，\u81ea\u52a8\u4ece\u5bb9\u5668\u91cc\u89e3\u6790\u5bf9\u5e94\u7c7b\u578b\u6ce8\u5165\u8fdb\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n

    public<\/span> partial<\/span> class<\/span> MainWindowViewModel<\/span> :<\/span> ObservableObject<\/span><\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \n private<\/span> readonly<\/span> IServiceProvider<\/span> _serviceProvider;<\/span>
    \n private<\/span> readonly<\/span> DispatcherTimer<\/span> _timer;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u58f0\u660e\u9700\u8981 IServiceProvider，\u5bb9\u5668\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6ce8\u5165<\/span>
    \n public<\/span> MainWindowViewModel<\/span>(<\/span>IServiceProvider<\/span> serviceProvider)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n _serviceProvider =<\/span> serviceProvider;<\/span>
    \n \/\/ … \u5176\u4ed6\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5bb9\u5668\u770b\u5230 MainWindowViewModel \u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u8981 IServiceProvider，\u5b83\u81ea\u5df1\u5c31\u662f IServiceProvider，\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u4f20\u8fdb\u53bb\u3002\u4f60\u4e0d\u7528\u624b\u52a8\u4f20\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5982\u679c\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u8981 DashboardViewModel，\u5bb9\u5668\u4e5f\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u53bb\u6ce8\u518c\u8868\u91cc\u627e，\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u5c31 new \u4e00\u4e2a\u4f20\u8fdb\u53bb\u3002\u5c42\u5c42\u9012\u5f52，\u81ea\u52a8\u89e3\u6790\u6574\u4e2a\u4f9d\u8d56\u6811\u3002<\/p>\n

    2.2 \u670d\u52a1\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5668（Service Locator）<\/h4>\n

    \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u5bb9\u5668\u91cc GetRequiredService<T>()：<\/p>\n

    public<\/span> MainWindowViewModel<\/span>(<\/span>IServiceProvider<\/span> serviceProvider)<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \n _serviceProvider =<\/span> serviceProvider;<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u9700\u8981\u54ea\u4e2a ViewModel，\u95ee\u5bb9\u5668\u8981<\/span>
    \n var<\/span><\/span> dashboard =<\/span> _serviceProvider.<\/span>GetRequiredService<\/span><<\/span>DashboardViewModel><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n MainContent =<\/span> dashboard;<\/span>
    \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53eb\u670d\u52a1\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5668\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5b83\u548c\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u533a\u522b\u662f：\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u6ce8\u5165\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u5c31\u660e\u786e\u4f9d\u8d56，\u670d\u52a1\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5668\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6309\u9700\u89e3\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u670d\u52a1\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5668\u88ab\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u9a82\u662f"\u53cd\u6a21\u5f0f"，\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0d\u660e\u786e\u2014\u2014\u770b\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7528\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u5bfc\u822a\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u5b83\u6709\u5408\u7406\u6027：MainWindowViewModel \u9700\u8981\u5728\u7528\u6237\u70b9\u51fb\u4e0d\u540c\u83dc\u5355\u65f6\u52a8\u6001\u5207\u6362 ViewModel，\u4f60\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u91cc\u628a\u6240\u6709 ViewModel \u90fd\u6ce8\u5165\u8fdb\u6765（\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u80fd\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u70b9\u67d0\u4e2a\u9875\u9762）\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u91cc\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u90fd\u7528\u4e86：<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u6ce8\u5165\u7528\u4e8e\u660e\u786e\u3001\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56（\u5982 IServiceProvider \u672c\u8eab）<\/li>\n
    • \u670d\u52a1\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5668\u7528\u4e8e\u52a8\u6001\u3001\u6309\u9700\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56（\u5982\u5bfc\u822a\u65f6\u5207\u6362\u7684 ViewModel）<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u52a1\u5b9e\u4e00\u70b9，\u522b\u6559\u6761\u3002<\/p>\n

      \n

      \u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65：\u7528 DI \u5b9e\u73b0\u5bfc\u822a<\/h3>\n

      \u73b0\u5728\u628a\u4e0a\u7bc7\u7684\u624b\u52a8 new \u6539\u6210 DI \u5bb9\u5668\u89e3\u6790\u3002MainWindowViewModel \u7684\u5bfc\u822a\u903b\u8f91：<\/p>\n

      public<\/span> partial<\/span> class<\/span> MainWindowViewModel<\/span> :<\/span> ObservableObject<\/span><\/span>
      \n{<\/span>
      \n [<\/span>ObservableProperty<\/span><\/span>]<\/span>
      \n private<\/span> object<\/span><\/span> mainContent;<\/span> \/\/ \u5f53\u524d\u663e\u793a\u7684 ViewModel，\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230 UI<\/span><\/p>\n

      private<\/span> readonly<\/span> IServiceProvider<\/span> _serviceProvider;<\/span><\/p>\n

      public<\/span> MainWindowViewModel<\/span>(<\/span>IServiceProvider<\/span> serviceProvider)<\/span>
      \n {<\/span>
      \n _serviceProvider =<\/span> serviceProvider;<\/span><\/p>\n

      \/\/ \u8ba2\u9605 PLC \u8fde\u63a5\u72b6\u6001\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/span>
      \n PlcService.<\/span>ConnectionChanged +=<\/span> (<\/span>s,<\/span> connected)<\/span> =><\/span> IsPlcConnected =<\/span> connected;<\/span>
      \n \/\/ \u8ba2\u9605 PLC \u6570\u636e\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/span>
      \n PlcService.<\/span>DataReceived +=<\/span> PlcService_DataReceived;<\/span><\/p>\n

      \/\/ \u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u663e\u793a Dashboard<\/span>
      \n MainContent =<\/span> _serviceProvider.<\/span>GetRequiredService<\/span><<\/span>DashboardViewModel><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

      \/\/ \u65f6\u949f<\/span>
      \n _timer =<\/span> new<\/span> DispatcherTimer<\/span> {<\/span> Interval =<\/span> TimeSpan.<\/span>FromSeconds<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> }<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n _timer.<\/span>Tick +=<\/span> (<\/span>s,<\/span> e)<\/span> =><\/span> CurrentTime =<\/span> DateTime.<\/span>Now.<\/span>ToString<\/span>(<\/span>"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n _timer.<\/span>Start<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

      [<\/span>RelayCommand<\/span><\/span>]<\/span>
      \n private<\/span> void<\/span><\/span> Navigate<\/span>(<\/span>string<\/span>?<\/span><\/span> destination)<\/span>
      \n {<\/span>
      \n if<\/span> (<\/span>destination ==<\/span> null<\/span>)<\/span> return<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n switch<\/span> (<\/span>destination)<\/span>
      \n {<\/span>
      \n case<\/span> "Dashboard"<\/span>:<\/span>
      \n MainContent =<\/span> _serviceProvider.<\/span>GetRequiredService<\/span><<\/span>DashboardViewModel><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n break<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n case<\/span> "DataQuery"<\/span>:<\/span>
      \n MainContent =<\/span> _serviceProvider.<\/span>GetRequiredService<\/span><<\/span>DataQueryViewModel><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n break<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n case<\/span> "Logs"<\/span>:<\/span>
      \n MainContent =<\/span> _serviceProvider.<\/span>GetRequiredService<\/span><<\/span>LogsViewModel><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n break<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n case<\/span> "Alarms"<\/span>:<\/span>
      \n MainContent =<\/span> _serviceProvider.<\/span>GetRequiredService<\/span><<\/span>AlarmsViewModel><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n break<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n case<\/span> "Settings"<\/span>:<\/span>
      \n MainContent =<\/span> _serviceProvider.<\/span>GetRequiredService<\/span><<\/span>SettingViewModel><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n break<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n }<\/span>
      \n }<\/span>
      \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

      Navigate \u547d\u4ee4\u63a5\u6536\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u53c2\u6570（\u83dc\u5355\u9879\u7684 CommandParameter），\u6839\u636e\u53c2\u6570\u4ece\u5bb9\u5668\u91cc\u89e3\u6790\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684 ViewModel，\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9 MainContent\u3002\u754c\u9762\u4e0a\u7684 ContentControl \u7ed1\u5b9a MainContent，\u81ea\u52a8\u5207\u6362\u663e\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u6ce8\u610f\u2014\u2014\u6240\u6709 ViewModel \u90fd\u6ce8\u518c\u6210 Singleton，\u6240\u4ee5\u6bcf\u6b21\u5bfc\u822a\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002Dashboard \u5207\u8d70\u518d\u5207\u56de\u6765，\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8fd8\u5728（\u6eda\u52a8\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3001\u7b5b\u9009\u6761\u4ef6\u90fd\u4fdd\u7559）\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5355\u4f8b\u7684\u597d\u5904\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4e2a\u9875\u9762\u9700\u8981\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fdb\u5165\u90fd\u91cd\u7f6e\u72b6\u6001，\u5c31\u628a\u5b83\u6ce8\u518c\u6210 Transient，\u6bcf\u6b21\u5bfc\u822a\u90fd new \u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

      \n

      \u7b2c\u56db\u6b65：\u6539\u9020\u767b\u5f55\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h3>\n

      \u767b\u5f55\u7a97\u53e3\u6bd4\u8f83\u7279\u6b8a\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u5728\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3\u4e4b\u524d\u663e\u793a，\u767b\u5f55\u6210\u529f\u540e\u624d\u521b\u5efa\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3\u3002\u770b App.xaml.cs \u600e\u4e48\u5904\u7406：<\/p>\n

      private<\/span> async<\/span> Task<\/span> InitialLoginFlowAsync<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
      \n{<\/span>
      \n \/\/ \u4e34\u65f6\u6539\u6210\u624b\u52a8\u5173\u95ed\u6a21\u5f0f，\u5426\u5219\u767b\u5f55\u7a97\u53e3\u5173\u95ed\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u9000\u51fa\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/span>
      \n ShutdownMode =<\/span> ShutdownMode.<\/span>OnExplicitShutdown;<\/span><\/p>\n

      var<\/span><\/span> loginWindow =<\/span> new<\/span> LoginWindow<\/span>
      \n {<\/span>
      \n WindowStartupLocation =<\/span> WindowStartupLocation.<\/span>CenterScreen
      \n }<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

      bool<\/span>?<\/span><\/span> result =<\/span> loginWindow.<\/span>ShowDialog<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n if<\/span> (<\/span>result ==<\/span> true<\/span>)<\/span>
      \n {<\/span>
      \n LogService.<\/span>Info<\/span>(<\/span>"\u767b\u5f55\u6210\u529f，\u542f\u52a8\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n \/\/ \u4ece\u5bb9\u5668\u89e3\u6790 MainWindowViewModel（\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6ce8\u5165 IServiceProvider）<\/span>
      \n var<\/span><\/span> mainVM =<\/span> ServiceProvider.<\/span>GetRequiredService<\/span><<\/span>MainWindowViewModel><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n var<\/span><\/span> mainWindow =<\/span> new<\/span> MainWindow<\/span> {<\/span> DataContext =<\/span> mainVM }<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n Current.<\/span>MainWindow =<\/span> mainWindow;<\/span>
      \n \/\/ \u767b\u5f55\u6210\u529f\u540e\u6539\u56de\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3\u5173\u95ed\u6a21\u5f0f<\/span>
      \n ShutdownMode =<\/span> ShutdownMode.<\/span>OnMainWindowClose;<\/span>
      \n mainWindow.<\/span>Show<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n }<\/span>
      \n else<\/span>
      \n {<\/span>
      \n Shutdown<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u767b\u5f55\u53d6\u6d88，\u9000\u51fa\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/span>
      \n }<\/span>
      \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u5173\u952e\u70b9：<\/p>\n

        \n
      • ShutdownMode.OnExplicitShutdown \u2014 \u767b\u5f55\u7a97\u53e3\u5173\u95ed\u65f6\u4e0d\u8981\u9000\u51fa\u7a0b\u5e8f（\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f OnLastWindowClose，\u767b\u5f55\u7a97\u53e3\u4e00\u5173\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c31\u6ca1\u4e86）<\/li>\n
      • ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<MainWindowViewModel>() \u2014 \u4ece\u5bb9\u5668\u89e3\u6790\u4e3b ViewModel，\u5bb9\u5668\u81ea\u52a8\u6ce8\u5165 IServiceProvider<\/li>\n
      • ShutdownMode.OnMainWindowClose \u2014 \u767b\u5f55\u6210\u529f\u540e\u6539\u56de\u6b63\u5e38\u6a21\u5f0f，\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3\u5173\u95ed\u65f6\u9000\u51fa<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        LoginViewModel \u6ce8\u518c\u6210 Transient，\u6bcf\u6b21\u767b\u5f55\u90fd\u662f\u65b0\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u5931\u8d25\u91cd\u8bd5，\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6b8b\u7559\u4e0a\u6b21\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

        \n

        \u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h3>\n

        \u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u2014\u2014\u4e0a\u9762\u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u5168\u662f ViewModel，\u90a3\u4e9b Service（PlcService\u3001DbProvider\u3001UserService）\u600e\u4e48\u6ca1\u6ce8\u518c？<\/p>\n

        \u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u7528\u4e86\u6df7\u5408 DI \u6a21\u5f0f：<\/p>\n

        #mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}@keyframes edge-animation-frame{from{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}@keyframes dash{to{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .edge-animation-slow{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 50s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .edge-animation-fast{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 20s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .edge-thickness-invisible{stroke-width:0;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx svg{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx p{margin:0;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .label{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .cluster-label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .cluster-label span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .cluster-label span p{background-color:transparent;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .label text,#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx span{fill:#333;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .node rect,#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .node circle,#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .node ellipse,#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .node polygon,#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .rough-node .label text,#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .node .label text,#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .icon-shape .label{text-anchor:middle;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .node .katex path{fill:#000;stroke:#000;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .rough-node .label,#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .node .label,#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .icon-shape .label{text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .node.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .root .anchor path{fill:#333333!important;stroke-width:0;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .arrowheadPath{fill:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .edgePath .path{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:2.0px;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .flowchart-link{stroke:#333333;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .edgeLabel{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .edgeLabel p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .labelBkg{background-color:rgba(232, 232, 232, 0.5);}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .cluster span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:hsl(80, 100%, 96.2745098039%);border:1px solid #aaaa33;border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .flowchartTitleText{text-anchor:middle;font-size:18px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx rect.text{fill:none;stroke-width:0;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .icon-shape,#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .image-shape{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .icon-shape p,#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .image-shape p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);padding:2px;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .icon-shape rect,#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .image-shape rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .label-icon{display:inline-block;height:1em;overflow:visible;vertical-align:-0.125em;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx .node .label-icon path{fill:currentColor;stroke:revert;stroke-width:revert;}#mermaid-svg-qsjl203BtrdoljVx :root{–mermaid-font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}<\/p>\n

        \u9759\u6001\u670d\u52a1（\u81ea\u884c\u7ba1\u7406）<\/p>\n

        <\/span><\/p>\n

        DI \u5bb9\u5668\u7ba1\u7406<\/p>\n

        <\/span><\/p>\n

        \u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528<\/p>\n

        <\/span><\/p>\n

        \u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528<\/p>\n

        <\/span><\/p>\n

        \u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528<\/p>\n

        <\/span><\/p>\n

        \u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528<\/p>\n

        <\/span><\/p>\n

        \u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528<\/p>\n

        <\/span><\/p>\n

        MainWindowViewModel\\\\n\u5355\u4f8b<\/p>\n

        <\/span><\/p>\n

        DashboardViewModel\\\\n\u5355\u4f8b<\/p>\n

        <\/span><\/p>\n

        LogsViewModel\\\\n\u5355\u4f8b<\/p>\n

        <\/span><\/p>\n

        \u5176\u4ed6 ViewModel\\\\n\u5355\u4f8b\/\u77ac\u6001<\/p>\n

        <\/span><\/p>\n

        PlcService\\\\n\u9759\u6001\u7c7b<\/p>\n

        <\/span><\/p>\n

        DbProvider\\\\n\u9759\u6001\u7c7b<\/p>\n

        <\/span><\/p>\n

        UserService\\\\n\u9759\u6001\u7c7b<\/p>\n

        <\/span><\/p>\n

        ConfigServices\\\\n\u9759\u6001\u7c7b<\/p>\n

        <\/span><\/p>\n

        ViewModel \u7531 DI \u5bb9\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f，\u4f46 Service \u662f\u9759\u6001\u7c7b，\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u540d\u8c03\u7528：<\/p>\n

        \/\/ DashboardViewModel \u91cc\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u9759\u6001\u670d\u52a1，\u4e0d\u8d70\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u6ce8\u5165<\/span>
        \npublic<\/span> DashBoardViewModel<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
        \n{<\/span>
        \n PlcService.<\/span>DataReceived +=<\/span> PlcService_DataReceived;<\/span>
        \n PlcService.<\/span>ConnectionChanged +=<\/span> (<\/span>s,<\/span> connected)<\/span> =><\/span> IsPlcConnected =<\/span> connected;<\/span>
        \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

        \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e48\u8bbe\u8ba1？<\/h4>\n

        \u8bf4\u5b9e\u8bdd，\u8fd9\u662f\u9879\u76ee\u6f14\u8fdb\u7684\u7ed3\u679c，\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u8fd9\u4e48\u89c4\u5212\u7684\u3002\u65e9\u671f\u5199 PlcService \u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6ca1\u60f3\u90a3\u4e48\u591a，\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\u6210\u9759\u6001\u7c7b\u65b9\u4fbf\u5168\u5c40\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u540e\u6765\u5f15\u5165 DI \u5bb9\u5668\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ba1\u7406 ViewModel \u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f（\u5bfc\u822a\u9700\u8981\u5355\u4f8b），Service \u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u9759\u6001\u7c7b\u4e86，\u6ca1\u5fc5\u8981\u518d\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u8fd9\u79cd\u6df7\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\u6709\u5b83\u7684\u597d\u5904：<\/p>\n

          \n
        • Service \u5168\u5c40\u53ef\u7528，\u4efb\u4f55 ViewModel \u90fd\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03，\u4e0d\u7528\u5c42\u5c42\u4f20\u53c2<\/li>\n
        • ViewModel \u7531\u5bb9\u5668\u7ba1\u7406，\u5bfc\u822a\u65f6\u5355\u4f8b\u590d\u7528，\u72b6\u6001\u4fdd\u7559<\/li>\n
        • \u6539\u52a8\u6700\u5c0f，\u4e0d\u7528\u628a\u6240\u6709\u9759\u6001\u7c7b\u6539\u6210\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7c7b\u518d\u6ce8\u518c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u4ee3\u4ef7：<\/p>\n

            \n
          • Service \u6ca1\u6cd5 mock，\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53ea\u80fd\u6d4b ViewModel，Service \u662f\u771f\u8dd1<\/li>\n
          • Service \u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0d\u900f\u660e，\u770b\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u7528\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b Service<\/li>\n
          • Service \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u987a\u5e8f\u654f\u611f，DbProvider.Initialize() \u5fc5\u987b\u5728 UserService.InitializeAsync() \u4e4b\u524d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u5217\u540e\u9762\u8bb2\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u90a3\u7bc7\u4f1a\u4e13\u95e8\u8bb2\u600e\u4e48\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u2014\u2014\u7528\u53cd\u5c04\u6d4b\u8bd5\u79c1\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5，\u6216\u8005\u628a\u5173\u952e Service \u62bd\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u5148\u8dd1\u8d77\u6765，\u67b6\u6784\u6f14\u8fdb\u662f\u6e10\u8fdb\u7684，\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u6b65\u5230\u4f4d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

            \n

            \u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406：\u522b\u8ba9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6084\u6084\u5d29<\/h3>\n

            App.xaml.cs \u91cc\u6709\u4e2a SetExceptionHandling \u65b9\u6cd5，\u8ddf DI \u6ca1\u76f4\u63a5\u5173\u7cfb，\u4f46\u65e2\u7136\u5728\u6539\u9020\u542f\u52a8\u6d41\u7a0b，\u987a\u624b\u8bb2\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002WPF \u7a0b\u5e8f\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u5f02\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u515c\u4f4f：<\/p>\n

            private<\/span> void<\/span><\/span> SetExceptionHandling<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
            \n{<\/span>
            \n \/\/ 1. UI \u7ebf\u7a0b\u5f02\u5e38\u2014\u2014\u754c\u9762\u4e0a\u629b\u7684\u672a\u6355\u83b7\u5f02\u5e38<\/span>
            \n DispatcherUnhandledException +=<\/span> (<\/span>s,<\/span> e)<\/span> =><\/span>
            \n {<\/span>
            \n LogService.<\/span>Error<\/span>(<\/span>"UI\u7ebf\u7a0b\u672a\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38：{0}"<\/span>,<\/span> e.<\/span>Exception)<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n e.<\/span>Handled =<\/span> true<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u6807\u8bb0\u5df2\u5904\u7406，\u4e0d\u9000\u51fa\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/span>
            \n MessageBox.<\/span>Show<\/span>(<\/span>$"UI\u5f02\u5e38: <\/span>{<\/span>e.<\/span>Exception.<\/span>Message<\/span>}<\/span><\/span>"<\/span><\/span>,<\/span> "\u9519\u8bef"<\/span>,<\/span>
            \n MessageBoxButton.<\/span>OK,<\/span> MessageBoxImage.<\/span>Error)<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n }<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

            \/\/ 2. \u975eUI\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5f02\u5e38\u2014\u2014\u540e\u53f0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u629b\u7684，UI \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6355\u83b7\u4e0d\u5230<\/span>
            \n AppDomain.<\/span>CurrentDomain.<\/span>UnhandledException +=<\/span> (<\/span>s,<\/span> e)<\/span> =><\/span>
            \n {<\/span>
            \n var<\/span><\/span> ex =<\/span> e.<\/span>ExceptionObject as<\/span> Exception<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n LogService.<\/span>Fatal<\/span>(<\/span>"\u975eUI\u7ebf\u7a0b\u672a\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38: {0}"<\/span>,<\/span> ex?.<\/span>Message)<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n }<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

            \/\/ 3. Task \u672a\u89c2\u5bdf\u5f02\u5e38\u2014\u2014async Task \u91cc\u629b\u4e86\u5f02\u5e38\u4f46\u6ca1\u4eba await<\/span>
            \n TaskScheduler.<\/span>UnobservedTaskException +=<\/span> (<\/span>s,<\/span> e)<\/span> =><\/span>
            \n {<\/span>
            \n var<\/span><\/span> ex =<\/span> e.<\/span>Exception?.<\/span>InnerException ??<\/span> e.<\/span>Exception;<\/span>
            \n LogService.<\/span>Error<\/span>(<\/span>$"Task.UnobservedTaskException: <\/span>{<\/span>ex?.<\/span>Message<\/span>}<\/span><\/span>"<\/span><\/span>,<\/span> ex)<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n e.<\/span>SetObserved<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u6807\u8bb0\u5df2\u89c2\u5bdf，\u4e0d\u89e6\u53d1\u5d29\u6e83<\/span>
            \n }<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

            \u4e09\u79cd\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837：<\/p>\n

              \n
            • UI \u7ebf\u7a0b：e.Handled = true \u53ef\u4ee5\u541e\u6389\u5f02\u5e38\u4e0d\u9000\u51fa<\/li>\n
            • \u975eUI \u7ebf\u7a0b：\u6ca1\u6cd5\u963b\u6b62\u5d29\u6e83，\u53ea\u80fd\u8bb0\u65e5\u5fd7<\/li>\n
            • Task：e.SetObserved() \u6807\u8bb0\u5df2\u89c2\u5bdf，\u907f\u514d\u89e6\u53d1 UnobservedTaskException \u4e8b\u4ef6\u5bfc\u81f4\u5d29\u6e83<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \u5de5\u4e1a\u4e0a\u4f4d\u673a 7\u00d724 \u5c0f\u65f6\u8dd1，\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u6355\u83b7\u5f02\u5e38\u628a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5d29\u4e86，\u6574\u6761\u4ea7\u7ebf\u505c\u5de5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u515c\u5e95\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u3002<\/p>\n

              \n

              \u8e29\u5751\u8bb0\u5f55<\/h3>\n\n\u5751\u73b0\u8c61\u539f\u56e0\u89e3\u51b3<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
              \u5fd8\u4e86\u6ce8\u518c ViewModel<\/td>\nGetRequiredService<T>() \u629b InvalidOperationException<\/td>\n\u5bb9\u5668\u91cc\u6ca1\u6ce8\u518c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b<\/td>\n\u5728 ConfigureServices \u91cc\u52a0\u4e0a services.AddSingleton<T>()<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              \u5355\u4f8b\u4f9d\u8d56\u77ac\u6001<\/td>\n\u77ac\u6001\u670d\u52a1\u5b9e\u9645\u53d8\u6210\u5355\u4f8b<\/td>\n\u5355\u4f8b\u53ea\u6784\u9020\u4e00\u6b21，\u6784\u9020\u65f6\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u77ac\u6001\u670d\u52a1\u4e5f\u88ab\u4e00\u76f4\u6301\u6709<\/td>\n\u4f9d\u8d56\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f \u2265 \u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f，\u6216\u628a\u77ac\u6001\u6539\u6210\u5355\u4f8b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              \u5faa\u73af\u4f9d\u8d56<\/td>\n\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u629b InvalidOperationException: A circular dependency<\/td>\nA \u6784\u9020\u9700\u8981 B，B \u6784\u9020\u9700\u8981 A，\u5bb9\u5668\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5148 new \u8c01<\/td>\n\u91cd\u6784，\u628a\u5faa\u73af\u4f9d\u8d56\u62c6\u5f00（\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u628a\u5171\u4eab\u903b\u8f91\u62bd\u5230\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u7c7b）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              \u5728\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u91cc\u5e72\u91cd\u6d3b<\/td>\n\u542f\u52a8\u5361\u987f，\u754c\u9762\u534a\u5929\u4e0d\u51fa\u6765<\/td>\n\u5bb9\u5668\u5728\u89e3\u6790\u65f6\u8c03\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570，\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u91cc\u5e72 IO \u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u963b\u585e<\/td>\n\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u53ea\u505a\u8d4b\u503c，\u91cd\u6d3b\u653e InitializeAsync \u65b9\u6cd5，\u542f\u52a8\u540e\u5f02\u6b65\u8c03<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

              \u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u5751\u503c\u5f97\u5c55\u5f00\u3002\u6211\u670b\u53cb\u5728 DashboardViewModel \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u91cc\u53bb\u8bfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u636e，\u7ed3\u679c\u767b\u5f55\u540e\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3\u5361\u4e86 2 \u79d2\u624d\u51fa\u6765\u2014\u2014\u56e0\u4e3a GetRequiredService<MainWindowViewModel>() \u89e6\u53d1\u6784\u9020，\u6784\u9020\u91cc\u53c8\u540c\u6b65\u8bfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n

              \u6b63\u786e\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u53ea\u505a\u8f7b\u91cf\u521d\u59cb\u5316（\u8d4b\u503c\u3001\u8ba2\u9605\u4e8b\u4ef6），\u8017\u65f6\u64cd\u4f5c\u653e\u5f02\u6b65\u65b9\u6cd5，\u754c\u9762\u663e\u793a\u540e\u518d\u8c03：<\/p>\n

              public<\/span> DashboardViewModel<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
              \n{<\/span>
              \n \/\/ \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570：\u53ea\u505a\u8f7b\u91cf\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/span>
              \n PlcService.<\/span>DataReceived +=<\/span> PlcService_DataReceived;<\/span>
              \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

              \/\/ \u5f02\u6b65\u521d\u59cb\u5316，\u754c\u9762\u663e\u793a\u540e\u8c03\u7528<\/span>
              \npublic<\/span> async<\/span> Task<\/span> InitializeAsync<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
              \n{<\/span>
              \n var<\/span><\/span> records =<\/span> await<\/span> DbProvider.<\/span>GetProductionRecordsAsync<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
              \n \/\/ … \u586b\u5145\u6570\u636e<\/span>
              \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

              \n

              \u672c\u7bc7\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h3>\n\n\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u5173\u952e\u4ee3\u7801<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
              \u521b\u5efa DI \u5bb9\u5668<\/td>\nvar services = new ServiceCollection();<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              \u6ce8\u518c\u670d\u52a1<\/td>\nservices.AddSingleton<MainWindowViewModel>();<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              \u6784\u5efa\u5bb9\u5668<\/td>\nServiceProvider = services.BuildServiceProvider();<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u6ce8\u5165<\/td>\npublic MainWindowViewModel(IServiceProvider sp)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              \u670d\u52a1\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5668<\/td>\n_serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<DashboardViewModel>()<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              \u5355\u4f8b vs \u77ac\u6001<\/td>\nAddSingleton<T>() \/ AddTransient<T>()<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              \u5f02\u5e38\u515c\u5e95<\/td>\nDispatcherUnhandledException + AppDomain.UnhandledException + TaskScheduler.UnobservedTaskException<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

              \u4ece\u624b\u52a8 new \u5230 DI \u5bb9\u5668，\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u628a"\u5bf9\u8c61\u521b\u5efa"\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u4ece\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u91cc\u5265\u79bb\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u4f60\u53ea\u7ba1\u58f0\u660e\u4f9d\u8d56，\u5bb9\u5668\u8d1f\u8d23\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u6ce8\u5165\u3002ViewModel \u4e4b\u95f4\u4e0d\u518d\u4e92\u76f8 new，Service \u901a\u8fc7\u9759\u6001\u7c7b\u5168\u5c40\u53ef\u7528，\u5bfc\u822a\u901a\u8fc7\u5bb9\u5668\u89e3\u6790\u5355\u4f8b ViewModel\u3002<\/p>\n

              \u4f46\u6709\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u8fd8\u6ca1\u89e3\u51b3\u2014\u2014MainContent \u662f\u4e2a object \u7c7b\u578b，\u754c\u9762\u4e0a\u7684 ContentControl \u600e\u4e48\u77e5\u9053\u8be5\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a View \u6765\u663e\u793a\u8fd9\u4e2a ViewModel？\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bb2\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3\u4e0e\u5bfc\u822a\u7cfb\u7edf，\u7528 ViewModel-first \u5bfc\u822a + DataTemplate \u6620\u5c04，\u8ba9\u754c\u9762\u81ea\u52a8\u6839\u636e ViewModel \u7c7b\u578b\u9009\u62e9\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684 View\u3002<\/p>\n

              \n

              \u4e0b\u671f\u9884\u544a<\/h3>\n

              \u7b2c3\u7bc7：\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3\u4e0e\u5bfc\u822a\u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n

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              \n\u4e0a\u7bc7\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7559\u4e86\u4e2a\u5751：DataContext new DashboardViewModel() \u8fd9\u79cd\u624b\u52a8 new \u7684\u5199\u6cd5，\u9879\u76ee\u5c0f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898&#xff<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":106884,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[10509,6706,55,1862,2899],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-106886","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server","tag-di","tag-mvvm","tag-c","tag-wpf","tag-2899"],"yoast_head":"\n\u4ece\u96f6\u642d\u5efa\u704c\u88c5\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\uff1a\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u544a\u522b\u624b\u52a8 new - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/106886.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u4ece\u96f6\u642d\u5efa\u704c\u88c5\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\uff1a\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u544a\u522b\u624b\u52a8 new - 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