{"id":104100,"date":"2026-09-11T20:33:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-11T12:33:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/104100.html"},"modified":"2026-09-11T20:33:00","modified_gmt":"2026-09-11T12:33:00","slug":"%e3%80%90linux%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8%e3%80%91%e5%b8%b8%e7%94%a8%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%ef%bc%88%e4%ba%8c%ef%bc%89-%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e6%9d%83%e9%99%90%e3%80%81%e6%90%9c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/104100.html","title":{"rendered":"\u3010Linux\u5165\u95e8\u3011\u5e38\u7528\u57fa\u672c\u547d\u4ee4\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u2014\u2014\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u3001\u641c\u7d22\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u538b\u7f29\u89e3\u538b\u4e0e\u78c1\u76d8\u7ba1\u7406"},"content":{"rendered":"<\/p>\n<h4>\u6587\u7ae0\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e00\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>1.1 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u6743\u9650<\/li>\n<li>1.2 \u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u6027&#xff08;\u4ece\u5de6\u5230\u53f3\u7684 10 \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>1.3 rwx \u4f5c\u7528\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u89e3\u91ca<\/li>\n<li>1.4 chmod \u6539\u53d8\u6743\u9650<\/li>\n<li>1.5 chown \u6539\u53d8\u6240\u6709\u8005<\/li>\n<li>1.6 chgrp \u6539\u53d8\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4<\/li>\n<li>1.7 umask \u9ed8\u8ba4\u6743\u9650<\/li>\n<li>1.8 \u7279\u6b8a\u6743\u9650\u4f4d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u4e8c\u3001\u641c\u7d22\u67e5\u627e\u7c7b<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>2.1 find \u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n<li>2.2 locate \u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84<\/li>\n<li>2.3 grep \u8fc7\u6ee4\u67e5\u627e\u53ca\u7ba1\u9053\u7b26<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u4e09\u3001\u538b\u7f29\u548c\u89e3\u538b\u7c7b<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>3.1 gzip \/ gunzip \u538b\u7f29\u4e0e\u89e3\u538b<\/li>\n<li>3.2 zip \/ unzip \u538b\u7f29\u4e0e\u89e3\u538b<\/li>\n<li>3.3 tar \u6253\u5305<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u56db\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u5206\u533a\u7c7b<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>4.1 du \u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u5360\u7528\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4<\/li>\n<li>4.2 df \u67e5\u770b\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/li>\n<li>4.3 lsblk \u67e5\u770b\u8bbe\u5907\u6302\u8f7d\u60c5\u51b5<\/li>\n<li>4.4 mount \/ umount \u6302\u8f7d \/ \u5378\u8f7d<\/li>\n<li>4.5 fdisk \u5206\u533a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u4e94\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u4e00\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n<h3>1.1 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u6743\u9650<\/h3>\n<p>Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5178\u578b\u7684\u591a\u7528\u6237\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5904\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5730\u4f4d&#xff0c;\u62e5\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027&#xff0c;Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u540c\u4e00\u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;\u5305\u62ec\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6&#xff09;\u505a\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6743\u9650\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728 Linux \u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 ll \u6216 ls -l \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5c5e\u6027&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u53ca\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>1.2 \u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u6027&#xff08;\u4ece\u5de6\u5230\u53f3\u7684 10 \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26&#xff09;<\/h3>\n<p>-rwxr-xr-x    1  root  root  4096  9\u6708  2 10:00  test.sh<br \/>\n[\u6743\u9650\u4f4d]    \u94fe\u63a5\u6570 \u5c5e\u4e3b  \u5c5e\u7ec4  \u5927\u5c0f   \u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4      \u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u5de6\u81f3\u53f3\u7528 0-9 \u7f16\u53f7&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7b2c 0 \u4f4d&#xff08;\u9996\u4f4d&#xff09;\u8868\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>-&#xff1a;\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>d&#xff1a;\u76ee\u5f55&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>l&#xff1a;\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;link file&#xff09;&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>b&#xff1a;\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6&#xff1b;c&#xff1a;\u5b57\u7b26\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u7b2c 1-3 \u4f4d&#xff1a;\u786e\u5b9a\u5c5e\u4e3b&#xff08;\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005&#xff09;\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u6743\u9650&#xff0c;User&#xff08;u&#xff09;&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u7b2c 4-6 \u4f4d&#xff1a;\u786e\u5b9a\u5c5e\u7ec4&#xff08;\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7684\u540c\u7ec4\u7528\u6237&#xff09;\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u6743\u9650&#xff0c;Group&#xff08;g&#xff09;&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u7b2c 7-9 \u4f4d&#xff1a;\u786e\u5b9a\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u6743\u9650&#xff0c;Other&#xff08;o&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u9650&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u5e94\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5c31\u662f\u51cf\u53f7 -\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>1.3 rwx \u4f5c\u7528\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u89e3\u91ca<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f5c\u7528\u5230\u6587\u4ef6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u6743\u9650\u8bf4\u660e<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>r&#xff08;read&#xff0c;\u53ef\u8bfb&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u67e5\u770b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>w&#xff08;write&#xff0c;\u53ef\u5199&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u5220\u9664\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u5bf9\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u6709\u5199\u6743\u9650<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>x&#xff08;execute&#xff0c;\u53ef\u6267\u884c&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u6267\u884c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u4f5c\u7528\u5230\u76ee\u5f55&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u6743\u9650\u8bf4\u660e<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>r&#xff08;read&#xff0c;\u53ef\u8bfb&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6&#xff0c;\u5373\u7528 ls \u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>w&#xff08;write&#xff0c;\u53ef\u5199&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u5373\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>x&#xff08;execute&#xff0c;\u53ef\u6267\u884c&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u5165\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>ll    <span class=\"token comment\"># \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5c5e\u6027\u4e0e\u6743\u9650<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>1.4 chmod \u6539\u53d8\u6743\u9650<\/h3>\n<p>\u5b57\u6bcd\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">chmod<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span>ugoa<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span>&#043;-<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span>rwx<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> \u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>u&#xff1a;\u6240\u6709\u8005&#xff1b;g&#xff1a;\u6240\u6709\u7ec4&#xff1b;o&#xff1a;\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba&#xff1b;a&#xff1a;\u6240\u6709\u4eba&#xff08;u\u3001g\u3001o \u7684\u603b\u548c&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>&#043; \u6dfb\u52a0\u6743\u9650&#xff1b;- \u79fb\u9664\u6743\u9650&#xff1b;&#061; \u8bbe\u5b9a\u6743\u9650<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">cp<\/span> bigdata\/test.txt .\/<br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">chmod<\/span> u&#043;x test.txt          <span class=\"token comment\"># \u7ed9\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u6dfb\u52a0\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">chmod<\/span> g&#043;x test.txt          <span class=\"token comment\"># \u7ed9\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4\u6dfb\u52a0\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">chmod<\/span> u-x,o&#043;x test.txt      <span class=\"token comment\"># \u79fb\u9664\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650&#xff0c;\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u6dfb\u52a0\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6570\u5b57\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u6743\u9650\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u5b57&#xff1a;r&#061;4\u3001w&#061;2\u3001x&#061;1&#xff0c;\u76f8\u52a0\u5f97\u5230\u6743\u9650\u503c&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982 rwx &#061; 4&#043;2&#043;1 &#061; 7\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">chmod<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span>mode<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">421<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span>\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span>    <span class=\"token comment\"># \u6570\u5b57\u65b9\u5f0f\u4fee\u6539\u6743\u9650<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">chmod<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">777<\/span> test.txt          <span class=\"token comment\"># \u6240\u6709\u8005\u3001\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u8bfb\u5199\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">chmod<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-R<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">777<\/span> bigdata\/       <span class=\"token comment\"># \u9012\u5f52\u4fee\u6539\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5185\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u4e3a 777<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5e38\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u7ec4\u5408&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u6570\u5b57\u6743\u9650\u542b\u4e49<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>rwx<\/td>\n<td>\u8bfb &#043; \u5199 &#043; \u6267\u884c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>rw-<\/td>\n<td>\u8bfb &#043; \u5199<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>r-x<\/td>\n<td>\u8bfb &#043; \u6267\u884c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>r\u2013<\/td>\n<td>\u53ea\u8bfb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>0<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>\u65e0\u6743\u9650<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>1.5 chown \u6539\u53d8\u6240\u6709\u8005<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">chown<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span>\u9009\u9879<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span>\u6700\u7ec8\u7528\u6237<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span>\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span>    <span class=\"token comment\"># \u6539\u53d8\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u9009\u9879\u529f\u80fd<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>-R<\/td>\n<td>\u9012\u5f52\u64cd\u4f5c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">chown<\/span> xiaoxiaoguai test.txt          <span class=\"token comment\"># \u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">ls<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-al<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">chown<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-R<\/span> xiaoxiaoguai:xiaoxiaoguai bigdata\/    <span class=\"token comment\"># \u9012\u5f52\u4fee\u6539\u6240\u6709\u8005\u548c\u6240\u6709\u7ec4<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>1.6 chgrp \u6539\u53d8\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">chgrp<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span>\u6700\u7ec8\u7528\u6237\u7ec4<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span>\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span>    <span class=\"token comment\"># \u6539\u53d8\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">chgrp<\/span> root test.txt    <span class=\"token comment\"># \u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4<\/span><br \/>\nll<\/p>\n<h3>1.7 umask \u9ed8\u8ba4\u6743\u9650<\/h3>\n<p>\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u65f6&#xff0c;\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u6839\u636e umask \u503c\u8ba1\u7b97\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6743\u9650&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token builtin class-name\">umask<\/span>        <span class=\"token comment\"># \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d umask \u503c<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token builtin class-name\">umask<\/span> 022    <span class=\"token comment\"># \u8bbe\u7f6e umask \u503c<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6587\u4ef6\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6743\u9650 &#061; 666 &#8211; umask&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u76ee\u5f55\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6743\u9650 &#061; 777 &#8211; umask\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982 umask \u4e3a 022 \u65f6&#xff0c;\u65b0\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6743\u9650\u4e3a 755&#xff0c;\u65b0\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6743\u9650\u4e3a 644\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>1.8 \u7279\u6b8a\u6743\u9650\u4f4d<\/h3>\n<table>\n<tr>\u7279\u6b8a\u6743\u9650\u8868\u793a\u4f5c\u7528<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>setuid&#xff08;s&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u5c5e\u4e3b\u6743\u9650\u4f4d\u51fa\u73b0 s<\/td>\n<td>\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u4ee5\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u4e3b\u8eab\u4efd\u8fd0\u884c&#xff0c;\u5982 \/usr\/bin\/passwd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>setgid&#xff08;s&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u5c5e\u7ec4\u6743\u9650\u4f4d\u51fa\u73b0 s<\/td>\n<td>\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u65b0\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u7ee7\u627f\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5c5e\u7ec4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7c98\u6ede\u4f4d&#xff08;t&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u4f4d\u51fa\u73b0 t<\/td>\n<td>\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u53ea\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u4e3b\u6216 root \u624d\u80fd\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5982 \/tmp<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982 \/tmp \u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6743\u9650\u901a\u5e38\u662f drwxrwxrwt&#xff0c;\u672b\u5c3e\u7684 t \u5c31\u662f\u7c98\u6ede\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e8c\u3001\u641c\u7d22\u67e5\u627e\u7c7b<\/h2>\n<h3>2.1 find \u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n<p>find \u6307\u4ee4\u5c06\u4ece\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u5411\u4e0b\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u904d\u5386\u5176\u5404\u4e2a\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u5c06\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u663e\u793a\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">find<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span>\u641c\u7d22\u8303\u56f4<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span>\u9009\u9879<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u9009\u9879\u529f\u80fd<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>-name&lt;\u67e5\u8be2\u65b9\u5f0f&gt;<\/td>\n<td>\u6309\u7167\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u67e5\u627e\u6a21\u5f0f\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-user&lt;\u7528\u6237\u540d&gt;<\/td>\n<td>\u67e5\u627e\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u540d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-size&lt;\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f&gt;<\/td>\n<td>\u6309\u7167\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5355\u4f4d&#xff1a;b \u5757&#xff08;512 \u5b57\u8282&#xff09;\u3001c \u5b57\u8282\u3001w \u5b57&#xff08;2 \u5b57\u8282&#xff09;\u3001k \u5343\u5b57\u8282\u3001M \u5146\u5b57\u8282\u3001G \u5409\u5b57\u8282&#xff1b;&#043;n \u5927\u4e8e\u3001-n \u5c0f\u4e8e\u3001n \u7b49\u4e8e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-type<\/td>\n<td>\u6309\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u67e5\u627e&#xff0c;\u5982 f&#xff08;\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6&#xff09;\u3001d&#xff08;\u76ee\u5f55&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-mtime&lt;\u5929\u6570&gt;<\/td>\n<td>\u6309\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u67e5\u627e&#xff0c;\u5982 -mtime &#043;7 \u8868\u793a 7 \u5929\u524d\u4fee\u6539\u8fc7\u7684<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-exec \u547d\u4ee4 {} \\\\;<\/td>\n<td>\u5bf9\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u6309\u6587\u4ef6\u540d&#xff1a;\u5728 bigdata\/ \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709 .txt \u6587\u4ef6<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">find<\/span> bigdata\/ <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-name<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;*.txt&#034;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u6309\u62e5\u6709\u8005&#xff1a;\u67e5\u627e bigdata \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u5c5e\u4e8e xiaoxiaoguai \u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">find<\/span> bigdata\/ <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-user<\/span> xiaoxiaoguai<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u6309\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f&#xff1a;\u5728 \/home \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u67e5\u627e\u5927\u4e8e 200MB \u7684\u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528 M\/G \u7b49\u73b0\u4ee3\u5355\u4f4d&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">find<\/span> \/home <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-size<\/span> &#043;200M<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u6309\u7c7b\u578b&#xff1a;\u67e5\u627e \/etc \u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u7684\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">find<\/span> \/etc <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-type<\/span> d<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u67e5\u627e\u5e76\u5220\u9664&#xff08;\u8c28\u614e\u4f7f\u7528&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">find<\/span> \/tmp <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-name<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;*.tmp&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-exec<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">rm<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-f<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">\\\\<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8bf4\u660e&#xff1a;\u65e9\u671f\u8d44\u6599\u5e38\u7528 find \/home -size &#043;204800 \u8868\u793a&#034;\u5927\u4e8e\u67d0\u9608\u503c&#034;&#xff0c;\u5176\u4e2d 204800 \u5757 \u00d7 512 \u5b57\u8282 &#061; 100MB&#xff1b;\u73b0\u4ee3 GNU find \u76f4\u63a5\u652f\u6301 &#043;200M \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5199\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u66f4\u76f4\u89c2\u4e0d\u6613\u51fa\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2.2 locate \u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84<\/h3>\n<p>locate \u6307\u4ee4\u5229\u7528\u4e8b\u5148\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u79f0\u53ca\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b9e\u73b0\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d&#xff0c;\u65e0\u9700\u904d\u5386\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff0c;\u67e5\u8be2\u901f\u5ea6\u8f83\u5feb\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">locate<\/span> \u641c\u7d22\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e locate \u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2&#xff0c;\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u524d\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528 updatedb \u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa locate \u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>updatedb<br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">locate<\/span> tmp<\/p>\n<p>\u8865\u5145&#xff1a;\u5982\u679c\u63d0\u793a\u627e\u4e0d\u5230 locate \u547d\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u5b89\u88c5&#xff1a;yum install -y mlocate&#xff08;CentOS&#xff09;\u6216 apt install -y locate&#xff08;Ubuntu&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2.3 grep \u8fc7\u6ee4\u67e5\u627e\u53ca\u7ba1\u9053\u7b26<\/h3>\n<p>\u7ba1\u9053\u7b26 | \u8868\u793a\u5c06\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5904\u7406\u7ed3\u679c\u8f93\u51fa\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u540e\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> \u9009\u9879 \u67e5\u627e\u5185\u5bb9 \u6e90\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u9009\u9879\u529f\u80fd<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>-n<\/td>\n<td>\u663e\u793a\u5339\u914d\u884c\u53ca\u884c\u53f7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-i<\/td>\n<td>\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-v<\/td>\n<td>\u53cd\u5411\u5339\u914d&#xff0c;\u663e\u793a\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u7684\u884c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-r<\/td>\n<td>\u9012\u5f52\u641c\u7d22\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">ls<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-n<\/span> <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">test<\/span>       <span class=\"token comment\"># \u67e5\u627e ls \u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d\u5339\u914d test \u7684\u884c&#xff0c;\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u884c\u53f7<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-i<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;error&#034;<\/span> \/var\/log\/messages    <span class=\"token comment\"># \u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u641c\u7d22\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u7684 error<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">ps<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-ef<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> sshd      <span class=\"token comment\"># \u5e38\u7528\u7ec4\u5408&#xff1a;\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e sshd<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>\u4e09\u3001\u538b\u7f29\u548c\u89e3\u538b\u7c7b<\/h2>\n<h3>3.1 gzip \/ gunzip \u538b\u7f29\u4e0e\u89e3\u538b<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">gzip<\/span> \u6587\u4ef6         <span class=\"token comment\"># \u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u53ea\u80fd\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u538b\u7f29\u4e3a *.gz \u6587\u4ef6<\/span><br \/>\ngunzip \u6587\u4ef6.gz    <span class=\"token comment\"># \u89e3\u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6280\u5de7&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53ea\u80fd\u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u80fd\u538b\u7f29\u76ee\u5f55&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0d\u4fdd\u7559\u539f\u6765\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u540c\u65f6\u538b\u7f29\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u591a\u4e2a\u538b\u7f29\u5305\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">gzip<\/span> test.txt          <span class=\"token comment\"># gzip \u538b\u7f29<\/span><br \/>\ngunzip test.txt.gz     <span class=\"token comment\"># gunzip \u89e3\u538b\u7f29<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>3.2 zip \/ unzip \u538b\u7f29\u4e0e\u89e3\u538b<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">zip<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span>\u9009\u9879<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> XXX.zip \u5c06\u8981\u538b\u7f29\u7684\u5185\u5bb9    <span class=\"token comment\"># \u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">unzip<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span>\u9009\u9879<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> XXX.zip               <span class=\"token comment\"># \u89e3\u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>zip \u9009\u9879\u529f\u80fd<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>-r<\/td>\n<td>\u538b\u7f29\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tr>unzip \u9009\u9879\u529f\u80fd<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>-d&lt;\u76ee\u5f55&gt;<\/td>\n<td>\u6307\u5b9a\u89e3\u538b\u540e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b58\u653e\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6280\u5de7&#xff1a;zip \u538b\u7f29\u547d\u4ee4\u5728 Windows\/Linux \u901a\u7528&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u538b\u7f29\u76ee\u5f55\u4e14\u4fdd\u7559\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">touch<\/span> word.txt<br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">zip<\/span> mypackage.zip test.txt word.txt    <span class=\"token comment\"># \u538b\u7f29\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e3a mypackage.zip<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">unzip<\/span> mypackage.zip                    <span class=\"token comment\"># \u89e3\u538b\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">unzip<\/span> mypackage.zip <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-d<\/span> bigdata\/        <span class=\"token comment\"># \u89e3\u538b\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>3.3 tar \u6253\u5305<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">tar<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span>\u9009\u9879<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> XXX.tar.gz \u5c06\u8981\u6253\u5305\u8fdb\u53bb\u7684\u5185\u5bb9    <span class=\"token comment\"># \u6253\u5305\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f .tar.gz<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u9009\u9879\u529f\u80fd<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>-c<\/td>\n<td>\u4ea7\u751f .tar \u6253\u5305\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-v<\/td>\n<td>\u663e\u793a\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-f<\/td>\n<td>\u6307\u5b9a\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-z<\/td>\n<td>\u6253\u5305\u540c\u65f6\u538b\u7f29&#xff08;gzip&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-x<\/td>\n<td>\u89e3\u5305 .tar \u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-C<\/td>\n<td>\u89e3\u538b\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-t<\/td>\n<td>\u67e5\u770b\u538b\u7f29\u5305\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5217\u8868<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u538b\u7f29\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">tar<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-zcvf<\/span> file.tar.gz test.txt word.txt<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u538b\u7f29\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">tar<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-zcvf<\/span> bigdata.tar.gz bigdata\/<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u89e3\u538b\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">tar<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-zxvf<\/span> file.tar.gz<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u89e3\u538b\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">tar<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-zxvf<\/span> bigdata.tar.gz <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-C<\/span> bigdata\/<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u53ea\u67e5\u770b\u538b\u7f29\u5305\u5185\u5bb9\u800c\u4e0d\u89e3\u538b<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">tar<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-ztvf<\/span> file.tar.gz<\/p>\n<p>\u8bb0\u5fc6\u53e3\u8bc0&#xff1a;z \u7528 gzip \u538b\u7f29\u3001c \u6253\u5305\u3001v \u663e\u793a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3001f \u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d&#xff1b;\u89e3\u538b\u65f6\u628a c \u6362\u6210 x\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u56db\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u5206\u533a\u7c7b<\/h2>\n<h3>4.1 du \u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u5360\u7528\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4<\/h3>\n<p>du&#xff1a;disk usage&#xff0c;\u78c1\u76d8\u5360\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">du<\/span> \u76ee\u5f55\/\u6587\u4ef6    <span class=\"token comment\"># \u663e\u793a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u9009\u9879\u529f\u80fd<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>-h<\/td>\n<td>\u4ee5\u4eba\u4eec\u8f83\u6613\u9605\u8bfb\u7684 GBytes\u3001MBytes\u3001KBytes \u7b49\u683c\u5f0f\u663e\u793a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-a<\/td>\n<td>\u4e0d\u4ec5\u67e5\u770b\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u5927\u5c0f&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-c<\/td>\n<td>\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u5927\u5c0f\u540e&#xff0c;\u663e\u793a\u603b\u548c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-s<\/td>\n<td>\u53ea\u663e\u793a\u603b\u548c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>&#8211;max-depth&#061;n<\/td>\n<td>\u6307\u5b9a\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e3a\u7b2c n \u5c42<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">du<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-sh<\/span>    <span class=\"token comment\"># \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55&#xff08;\u542b\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55&#xff09;\u5360\u7528\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u603b\u548c<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">du<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-h<\/span> &#8211;max-depth<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span>    <span class=\"token comment\"># \u53ea\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u4e00\u7ea7\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5927\u5c0f<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>4.2 df \u67e5\u770b\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/h3>\n<p>df&#xff1a;disk free&#xff0c;\u7a7a\u4f59\u78c1\u76d8\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">df<\/span> \u9009\u9879    <span class=\"token comment\"># \u5217\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u9009\u9879\u529f\u80fd<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>-h<\/td>\n<td>\u4ee5\u4eba\u4eec\u8f83\u6613\u9605\u8bfb\u7684 GBytes\u3001MBytes\u3001KBytes \u7b49\u683c\u5f0f\u663e\u793a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">df<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-h<\/span>    <span class=\"token comment\"># \u67e5\u770b\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u533a\u522b&#xff1a;du \u7edf\u8ba1\u7684\u662f&#034;\u6587\u4ef6\u5360\u7528\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u7a7a\u95f4&#034;&#xff1b;df \u7edf\u8ba1\u7684\u662f&#034;\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd8\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u7a7a\u95f4\u53ef\u7528&#034;\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>4.3 lsblk \u67e5\u770b\u8bbe\u5907\u6302\u8f7d\u60c5\u51b5<\/h3>\n<p>lsblk      <span class=\"token comment\"># \u67e5\u770b\u8bbe\u5907\u6302\u8f7d\u60c5\u51b5<\/span><br \/>\nlsblk <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-f<\/span>   <span class=\"token comment\"># \u67e5\u770b\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u6302\u8f7d\u60c5\u51b5&#xff0c;\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>4.4 mount \/ umount \u6302\u8f7d \/ \u5378\u8f7d<\/h3>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e Linux \u7528\u6237\u6765\u8bb2&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u8bba\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u3001\u5206\u522b\u5206\u7ed9\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4f7f\u7528&#xff0c;\u5b83\u603b\u5f52\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u4e14\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Linux \u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u90fd\u662f\u7528\u6765\u7ec4\u6210\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206&#xff0c;\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7&#034;\u6302\u8f7d&#034;\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765&#xff0c;\u8981\u8f7d\u5165\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u5c06\u4f7f\u5b83\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u83b7\u5f97\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">mount<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span>-t vfstype<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span>-o options<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> device <span class=\"token function\">dir<\/span>    <span class=\"token comment\"># \u6302\u8f7d\u8bbe\u5907<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">umount<\/span> \u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u6216\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9                        <span class=\"token comment\"># \u5378\u8f7d\u8bbe\u5907<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u53c2\u6570\u529f\u80fd<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>-t vfstype<\/td>\n<td>\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b&#xff0c;\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u5fc5\u6307\u5b9a&#xff0c;mount \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u9009\u62e9\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7c7b\u578b&#xff1a;\u5149\u76d8\/\u5149\u76d8\u955c\u50cf iso9660\u3001DOS fat16 \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf msdos\u3001Windows 9x fat32 \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf vfat\u3001Windows NT ntfs \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf ntfs\u3001\u6302\u8f7d Windows \u6587\u4ef6\u7f51\u7edc\u5171\u4eab smbfs\u3001UNIX&#xff08;Linux&#xff09;\u6587\u4ef6\u7f51\u7edc\u5171\u4eab nfs<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-o options<\/td>\n<td>\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u8bbe\u5907\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6302\u63a5\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570&#xff1a;loop&#xff08;\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5f53\u6210\u786c\u76d8\u5206\u533a\u6302\u63a5\u4e0a\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff09;\u3001ro&#xff08;\u53ea\u8bfb\u65b9\u5f0f\u6302\u63a5&#xff09;\u3001rw&#xff08;\u8bfb\u5199\u65b9\u5f0f\u6302\u63a5&#xff09;\u3001iocharset&#xff08;\u6307\u5b9a\u8bbf\u95ee\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>device<\/td>\n<td>\u8981\u6302\u63a5&#xff08;mount&#xff09;\u7684\u8bbe\u5907<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>dir<\/td>\n<td>\u8bbe\u5907\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u6302\u63a5\u70b9&#xff08;mount point&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u6848\u4f8b\u5b9e\u64cd&#xff08;\u6302\u8f7d\u5149\u76d8\u955c\u50cf&#xff09;&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">mkdir<\/span> \/mnt\/cdrom              <span class=\"token comment\"># \u5efa\u7acb\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">mount<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-t<\/span> iso9660 \/dev\/cdrom \/mnt\/cdrom\/    <span class=\"token comment\"># \u5c06\u8bbe\u5907 \/dev\/cdrom \u6302\u8f7d\u5230 \/mnt\/cdrom<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">ls<\/span> \/mnt\/cdrom\/                <span class=\"token comment\"># \u67e5\u770b<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5378\u8f7d\u5149\u76d8\u955c\u50cf&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">umount<\/span> \/mnt\/cdrom<\/p>\n<p>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u52a8\u6302\u8f7d&#xff1a; \u7f16\u8f91 \/etc\/fstab \u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u6dfb\u52a0\u5bf9\u5e94\u6302\u8f7d\u6761\u76ee&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">vi<\/span> \/etc\/fstab<\/p>\n<h3>4.5 fdisk \u5206\u533a<\/h3>\n<p>\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">fdisk<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-l<\/span>             <span class=\"token comment\"># \u67e5\u770b\u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u533a\u8be6\u60c5<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">fdisk<\/span> \u786c\u76d8\u8bbe\u5907\u540d       <span class=\"token comment\"># \u5bf9\u65b0\u589e\u786c\u76d8\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u533a\u64cd\u4f5c<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u9009\u9879\u529f\u80fd<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>-l<\/td>\n<td>\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u786c\u76d8\u7684\u5206\u533a\u5217\u8868<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6280\u5de7&#xff1a;\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u5fc5\u987b\u5728 root \u7528\u6237\u4e0b\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5206\u533a\u4fe1\u606f\u5b57\u6bb5\u8bf4\u660e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Device&#xff1a;\u5206\u533a\u5e8f\u5217&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>Boot&#xff1a;\u5f15\u5bfc&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>Start&#xff1a;\u4ece X \u78c1\u67f1\u5f00\u59cb&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>End&#xff1a;\u5230 Y \u78c1\u67f1\u7ed3\u675f&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>Blocks&#xff1a;\u5bb9\u91cf&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>Id&#xff1a;\u5206\u533a\u7c7b\u578b ID&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>System&#xff1a;\u5206\u533a\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5206\u533a\u64cd\u4f5c\u6309\u952e\u8bf4\u660e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>m&#xff1a;\u663e\u793a\u547d\u4ee4\u5217\u8868&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>p&#xff1a;\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u533a&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>n&#xff1a;\u65b0\u589e\u5206\u533a&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>w&#xff1a;\u5199\u5165\u5206\u533a\u4fe1\u606f\u5e76\u9000\u51fa&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>q&#xff1a;\u4e0d\u4fdd\u5b58\u5206\u533a\u4fe1\u606f\u76f4\u63a5\u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6848\u4f8b\u5b9e\u64cd&#xff08;\u65b0\u786c\u76d8\u4ece\u5206\u533a\u5230\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6d41\u7a0b&#xff09;&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>&#xff08;1&#xff09;\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u5757 10G \u7684\u786c\u76d8\u5e76\u91cd\u542f\u540e&#xff0c;\u68c0\u67e5\u786c\u76d8\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bc6\u522b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">fdisk<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-l<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#xff08;2&#xff09;\u5bf9\u65b0\u78c1\u76d8 nvme0n2 \u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u533a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">fdisk<\/span> \/dev\/nvme0n2<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># \u8f93\u5165 n  \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5206\u533a<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># \u8f93\u5165 p  \u521b\u5efa\u4e3b\u5206\u533a<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># \u8f93\u5165\u5206\u533a\u53f7 1<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># \u6309\u56de\u8f66  \u63a5\u53d7\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6247\u533a<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># \u6309\u56de\u8f66  \u63a5\u53d7\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6247\u533a<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># \u8f93\u5165 w  \u5199\u5165\u5206\u533a\u8868\u5e76\u9000\u51fa fdisk<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#xff08;3&#xff09;\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5206\u533a\u3001\u6302\u8f7d\u3001\u5378\u8f7d&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5206\u533a\u4e3a ext4 \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span><br \/>\nmkfs.ext4 \/dev\/nvme0n2p1<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u521b\u5efa\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">mkdir<\/span> \/mnt\/newdisk<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u6302\u8f7d\u5206\u533a<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">mount<\/span> \/dev\/nvme0n2p1 \/mnt\/newdisk<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u67e5\u770b\u6302\u8f7d\u60c5\u51b5<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">df<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-h<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u5378\u8f7d\u5206\u533a\u524d&#xff0c;\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">lsof<\/span> \/mnt\/newdisk<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u5378\u8f7d\u5206\u533a<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">umount<\/span> \/mnt\/newdisk<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u5220\u9664\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">rmdir<\/span> \/mnt\/newdisk<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6302\u8f7d\u662f\u4e34\u65f6\u6302\u8f7d&#xff0c;\u91cd\u542f\u540e\u5931\u6548&#xff1b;\u5982\u9700\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u52a8\u6302\u8f7d&#xff0c;\u5e94\u628a\u5206\u533a\u4fe1\u606f\u5199\u5165 \/etc\/fstab\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e94\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650&#xff1a;10 \u4f4d\u5c5e\u6027\u3001chmod&#xff08;\u5b57\u6bcd\u6cd5\/\u6570\u5b57\u6cd5&#xff0c;r&#061;4 w&#061;2 x&#061;1&#xff09;\u3001chown\u3001chgrp\u3001umask\u3001\u7279\u6b8a\u6743\u9650\u4f4d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u641c\u7d22\u67e5\u627e&#xff1a;find&#xff08;\u6309\u540d\u79f0\/\u5c5e\u4e3b\/\u5927\u5c0f\/\u7c7b\u578b&#xff09;\u3001locate&#xff08;\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d&#xff09;\u3001grep &#043; \u7ba1\u9053\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u538b\u7f29\u89e3\u538b&#xff1a;gzip\u3001zip\u3001tar&#xff08;\u91cd\u70b9\u638c\u63e1 -zcvf \/ -zxvf&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u78c1\u76d8\u7ba1\u7406&#xff1a;du\u3001df\u3001lsblk\u3001mount\/umount\u3001fdisk \u5206\u533a &#043; mkfs.ext4 \u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6587\u7ae0\u76ee\u5f55\u4e00\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u74061.1 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u6743\u96501.2 \u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u6027&#xff08;\u4ece\u5de6\u5230\u53f3\u7684 10 \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26&#xff09;1.3 rwx \u4f5c\u7528\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u89e3\u91ca1.4 chmod \u6539\u53d8\u6743\u96501.5 chown \u6539\u53d8\u6240\u6709\u80051.6 chgrp \u6539\u53d8\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec41.7 umask \u9ed8\u8ba4\u6743\u96501.8 \u7279\u6b8a\u6743\u9650\u4f4d\u4e8c\u3001\u641c\u7d22\u67e5\u627e\u7c7b2.1 find \u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f552.2 locate \u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f842.3 grep \u8fc7\u6ee4\u67e5\u627e\u53ca\u7ba1\u9053\u7b26\u4e09\u3001\u538b\u7f29\u548c\u89e3\u538b\u7c7b3.1 gzip \/ gunzip \u538b\u7f29\u4e0e\u89e3\u538b3.2<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[58,43],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-104100","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-linux","tag-43"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ 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