{"id":103675,"date":"2026-09-11T08:17:01","date_gmt":"2026-09-11T00:17:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/103675.html"},"modified":"2026-09-11T08:17:01","modified_gmt":"2026-09-11T00:17:01","slug":"opc-ua-%e7%b3%bb%e5%88%97%ef%bc%88%e4%b8%80%ef%bc%89%ef%bc%9a%e6%a0%87%e5%87%86%e5%85%a8%e6%99%af%e4%b8%8e-python-%e6%9c%80%e5%b0%8f%e9%97%ad%e7%8e%af-%e8%ae%a9%e7%ac%ac%e4%b8%80","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/103675.html","title":{"rendered":"OPC UA \u7cfb\u5217\uff08\u4e00\uff09\uff1a\u6807\u51c6\u5168\u666f\u4e0e Python \u6700\u5c0f\u95ed\u73af\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u8bbe\u5907\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u52a8\u8d77\u6765"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u914d\u5957\u9879\u76ee：opcua-learning \u914d\u5957\u8d44\u6599：\u8fd0\u884c\u8bf4\u660e \u00b7 \u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bb0\u5f55<\/p>\n

\u6838\u5fc3\u76ee\u6807：\u7406\u89e3 OPC UA \u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u4e0e\u901a\u4fe1\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb，\u4f7f\u7528 Python \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u62df\u8bbe\u5907\u670d\u52a1\u7aef，\u518d\u7528\u72ec\u7acb\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fde\u7eed\u8bfb\u53d6\u5b83\u7684\u91cf\u6d4b\u503c，\u6700\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u6545\u969c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u533a\u5206\u8fde\u63a5\u5931\u8d25\u4e0e\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n

\u524d\u7f6e\u77e5\u8bc6：\u80fd\u7f16\u5199 Python \u51fd\u6570\u3001\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38，\u4e86\u89e3 IP \u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u8bfb\u8fc7\u672c\u4ed3\u5e93 IEC 104\u3001DNP3\u3001IEC 61850 \u7cfb\u5217\u4f1a\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f，\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u5fc5\u9700\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b9e\u6d4b\u57fa\u7ebf：2026-09-05，Windows 11 x86_64\u3001CPython 3.12.13\u3001asyncua==2.0.1\u3002\u672c\u6587\u9644\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u4f9d\u8d56\u9501\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u539f\u59cb\u65e5\u5fd7；UaExpert \u4e92\u64cd\u4f5c\u7ed9\u51fa\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b65\u9aa4，\u5c1a\u672a\u5b9e\u6d4b\u3002Linux\u3001Python 3.13 \u548c\u6293\u5305\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u5728\u672c\u6b21\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u672c\u7cfb\u5217\u5171\u5341\u7bc7，\u672c\u6587\u4ece Python \u6700\u5c0f\u901a\u4fe1\u95ed\u73af\u5f00\u59cb；\u7bc7\u76ee\u89c1\u7cfb\u5217\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

1.1 \u4ece\u201c\u8bfb\u5230\u4e86 230.6\u201d\u5f00\u59cb\u7406\u89e3\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n

\u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u4e00\u4e2a Python \u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u7a0b\u5e8f，\u8bbe\u5907\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570 230.6\u3002\u6570\u503c\u5df2\u7ecf\u4f20\u8fc7\u6765\u4e86，\u4f46\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4ecd\u7136\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83：\u8fd9\u662f\u7535\u538b\u8fd8\u662f\u6e29\u5ea6？\u5355\u4f4d\u662f V \u8fd8\u662f kV？\u5c5e\u4e8e\u54ea\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907？\u503c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u4ea7\u751f\u7684？\u8bbe\u5907\u6389\u7ebf\u540e\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u65e7\u6570\u503c\u5e94\u8be5\u7ee7\u7eed\u753b\u6210\u7eff\u8272\u5417？<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u6240\u6709\u542b\u4e49\u90fd\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u4efd\u5916\u90e8 Excel \u70b9\u8868\u91cc，\u91c7\u96c6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u80fd\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4f46\u8bbe\u5907\u6269\u5bb9\u3001\u6a21\u578b\u4fee\u6539\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u96c6\u6210\u65f6，\u70b9\u8868\u3001\u9a71\u52a8\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0e\u754c\u9762\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u4e00\u8d77\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u5904\u66f4\u65b0\u9057\u6f0f，\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u201c\u901a\u4fe1\u6b63\u5e38\u3001\u4e1a\u52a1\u542b\u4e49\u9519\u8bef\u201d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n

OPC UA \u628a\u95ee\u9898\u63a8\u8fdb\u4e86\u4e00\u6b65：\u9664\u4e86\u4f20\u9012\u503c，\u5b83\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u8868\u8fbe\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5171\u540c\u57fa\u7840，\u8ba9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u89c4\u8303\u5c06\u4fe1\u606f\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u6d88\u606f\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u901a\u4fe1\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u6a21\u578b\u653e\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u3002OPC UA Part 1，\u00a74.1<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u8fc7，\u6709\u5efa\u6a21\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u6240\u6709\u8bbe\u5907\u90fd\u66b4\u9732\u4e86\u5b8c\u5584\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u521b\u5efa\u51e0\u5343\u4e2a\u542b\u4e49\u4e0d\u660e\u7684\u53d8\u91cf，\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u5916\u90e8\u7ea6\u5b9a\u3002\u672c\u7cfb\u5217\u4f1a\u9010\u6b65\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ea6\u5b9a\u53d8\u6210\u53ef\u5ba1\u67e5\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u5de5\u7a0b\u914d\u7f6e；\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7\u5148\u9a8c\u8bc1\u901a\u4fe1\u94fe\u8def\u548c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

1.1.1 \u4ece OPC Classic \u5230 OPC UA<\/h4>\n

OPC Classic \u5efa\u7acb\u5728 Microsoft COM\/DCOM \u6280\u672f\u4e4b\u4e0a，\u5e38\u89c1\u89c4\u8303\u5305\u62ec DA（\u5b9e\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee）\u3001A&E（\u62a5\u8b66\u4e0e\u4e8b\u4ef6）\u3001HDA（\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee）\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a5\u53e3\u8ba9\u4e0d\u540c\u5382\u5546\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u80fd\u591f\u5171\u4eab\u5de5\u4e1a\u6570\u636e，\u4f46\u5176\u6280\u672f\u57fa\u7840\u4e0e Windows \u4f53\u7cfb\u7d27\u5bc6\u5173\u8054\u3002OPC Foundation：Classic<\/p>\n

OPC UA \u4e2d UA \u7684\u5168\u79f0\u662f Unified Architecture，\u7edf\u4e00\u67b6\u6784\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u5957\u5e73\u53f0\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u4fe1\u606f\u4ea4\u6362\u4f53\u7cfb，\u5bf9\u5e94 IEC 62541 \u7cfb\u5217\u6807\u51c6，\u7edf\u4e00\u8003\u8651\u6570\u636e\u3001\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u7b49\u80fd\u529b\u3002OPC Foundation：Unified Architecture<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740 Python \u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5f00\u53d1 OPC UA \u5e94\u7528\u3002\u8bfb\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u81ea\u5df1\u7f16\u5199 COM \u7ec4\u4ef6，\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u5148\u628a\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u6539\u5199\u6210 C++\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u9879\u76ee\u9762\u5bf9\u7684\u662f\u65e7 OPC DA \u670d\u52a1\u7aef，\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2a OPC UA \u5e93\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4f7f\u5176\u81ea\u52a8\u53d8\u6210 UA \u8bbe\u5907：\u4ecd\u9700\u5df2\u6709 UA \u63a5\u53e3\u6216\u8d1f\u8d23\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u6865\u63a5\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n

1.1.2 \u4e0e\u5df2\u6709\u7535\u529b\u534f\u8bae\u5982\u4f55\u8854\u63a5<\/h4>\n

\u672c\u4ed3\u5e93\u5df2\u6709\u7cfb\u5217\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u89d2\u5ea6：<\/p>\n\n\u5df2\u6709\u7ecf\u9a8c\u719f\u6089\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u95ee\u9898\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230 OPC UA \u65f6\u5173\u6ce8\u4ec0\u4e48<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
IEC 104<\/td>\n\u6309\u70b9\u8868\u89e3\u91ca\u5730\u5740\u3001\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u54c1\u8d28\u4e0e\u65f6\u6807<\/td>\n\u5148\u627e\u5230\u8282\u70b9，\u518d\u786e\u8ba4\u5176\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u65f6\u95f4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DNP3<\/td>\n\u533a\u5206\u5f53\u524d\u6570\u636e\u3001\u53d8\u5316\u4e8b\u4ef6\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u64cd\u4f5c<\/td>\n\u540c\u6837\u533a\u5206\u5f53\u524d\u5feb\u7167\u3001\u901a\u77e5\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e1a\u52a1\u547d\u4ee4\u7ed3\u679c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
IEC 61850<\/td>\n\u7528\u6a21\u578b\u8868\u8fbe\u8bbe\u5907\u529f\u80fd，\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u901a\u4fe1\u670d\u52a1\u8bbf\u95ee<\/td>\n\u5c06\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u901a\u4fe1\u6620\u5c04\u5206\u5f00\u7406\u89e3，\u4f46\u4e0d\u5957\u7528 LN\/DO \u7b49\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc1\u79fb，\u4e0d\u662f\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u4e00\u4e00\u7b49\u4ef7\u3002OPC UA \u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u534f\u8bae\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u534f\u4f5c，\u4f8b\u5982\u7ad9\u7aef\u7f51\u5173\u5411\u4e0b\u63a5\u5165\u7535\u529b\u8bbe\u5907，\u5411\u4e0a\u63d0\u4f9b UA \u6570\u636e\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ec5\u51ed\u201c\u66f4\u7edf\u4e00\u201d\u5c31\u81ea\u52a8\u66ff\u4ee3\u73b0\u573a\u6240\u6709\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

1.2 \u4e09\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u4e24\u79cd\u901a\u4fe1\u6a21\u578b<\/h3>\n

1.2.1 \u5148\u5206\u6e05\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u4f20\u8f93<\/h4>\n

\u9762\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u6982\u5ff5\u65f6，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u5224\u65ad\u5b83\u56de\u7b54\u54ea\u79cd\u95ee\u9898：<\/p>\n\n\u5c42\u9762\u95ee\u9898\u672c\u7bc7\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
\u4fe1\u606f\u6a21\u578b<\/td>\n\u6570\u636e\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8c01\u3001\u53eb\u4ec0\u4e48\u3001\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u7c7b\u578b？<\/td>\nStation1 \u2192 Feeder1 \u2192 Voltage，\u503c\u4e3a Double<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u670d\u52a1<\/td>\n\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5982\u4f55\u627e\u5230\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83？<\/td>\n\u8bfb\u53d6\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u8868\u3001\u5b9a\u4f4d\u8282\u70b9\u3001Read \u53d8\u91cf\u503c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u901a\u4fe1\u6620\u5c04<\/td>\n\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\u600e\u6837\u5728\u7ebf\u4e0a\u4f20\u9012？<\/td>\n\u672c\u673a opc.tcp \u8fde\u63a5，\u7531 asyncua \u5904\u7406\u7f16\u7801\u548c\u6536\u53d1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}@keyframes edge-animation-frame{from{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}@keyframes dash{to{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .edge-animation-slow{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 50s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .edge-animation-fast{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 20s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .edge-thickness-invisible{stroke-width:0;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB svg{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB p{margin:0;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .label{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .cluster-label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .cluster-label span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .cluster-label span p{background-color:transparent;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .label text,#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB span{fill:#333;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .node rect,#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .node circle,#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .node ellipse,#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .node polygon,#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .rough-node .label text,#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .node .label text,#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .icon-shape .label{text-anchor:middle;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .node .katex path{fill:#000;stroke:#000;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .rough-node .label,#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .node .label,#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .icon-shape .label{text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .node.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .root .anchor path{fill:#333333!important;stroke-width:0;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .arrowheadPath{fill:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .edgePath .path{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:2.0px;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .flowchart-link{stroke:#333333;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .edgeLabel{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .edgeLabel p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .labelBkg{background-color:rgba(232, 232, 232, 0.5);}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .cluster span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:hsl(80, 100%, 96.2745098039%);border:1px solid #aaaa33;border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .flowchartTitleText{text-anchor:middle;font-size:18px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB rect.text{fill:none;stroke-width:0;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .icon-shape,#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .image-shape{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .icon-shape p,#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .image-shape p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);padding:2px;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .icon-shape .label rect,#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .image-shape .label rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .label-icon{display:inline-block;height:1em;overflow:visible;vertical-align:-0.125em;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB .node .label-icon path{fill:currentColor;stroke:revert;stroke-width:revert;}#mermaid-svg-k2wLea3TtnvsEMjB :root{–mermaid-font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}<\/p>\n

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Python \u6a21\u62df\u91cf：230.0\u3001230.1\u3001230.2\u2026<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u4fe1\u606f\u6a21\u578b：Station1 \/ Feeder1 \/ Voltage<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

\u670d\u52a1：Browse\u3001Read\u3001Write\u3001Call\u3001Subscription<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

\u672c\u7cfb\u5217\u4e3b\u7ebf：UA TCP + UA Secure Conversation + UA Binary<\/p>\n

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Python \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef \/ \u72ec\u7acb\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/p>\n

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\u5e94\u7528\u8eab\u4efd\u3001\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u3001\u4fe1\u4efb\u4e0e\u6743\u9650<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u662f\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u5730\u56fe\u3002\u672c\u6587\u53ea\u8fd0\u884c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u62df\u503c\u4e0e\u8bfb\u53d6\u8def\u5f84，\u540e\u7eed\u4f9d\u6b21\u52a0\u5165\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u8ba2\u9605\u548c\u5de5\u7a0b\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u56fe\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u67d0\u9879\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u672c\u7bc7\u5df2\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n

opc.tcp:\/\/127.0.0.1:4840\/powerlab\/ \u662f\u672c\u4f8b\u7aef\u70b9 URL：127.0.0.1 \u6307\u5f53\u524d\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a，4840 \u662f\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u7aef\u53e3，\/powerlab\/ \u662f\u7aef\u70b9\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u4e0d\u662f\u8282\u70b9\u8def\u5f84，\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u6253\u5f00\u540e\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u7f51\u9875\u7684 HTTP \u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n

1.2.2 Client\/Server \u4e0e PubSub \u5206\u5f00\u7406\u89e3<\/h4>\n

Client\/Server \u6a21\u578b\u4e2d，\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4f7f\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u670d\u52a1；\u5728\u672c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u91cc，\u662f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u53d1\u8d77\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6709 Subscription，\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u6536\u53d8\u5316\u901a\u77e5，\u56e0\u6b64\u201c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\/\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u201d\u5e76\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u201c\u53ea\u80fd\u5b9a\u65f6\u8f6e\u8be2\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

PubSub \u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u5957\u901a\u4fe1\u6a21\u578b，\u4f7f\u7528 Publisher\u3001Subscriber \u548c DataSet \u7b49\u6982\u5ff5，\u628a\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u53d1\u9001\u4e0e\u63a5\u6536\u8005\u89e3\u8026\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0e C\/S \u4e2d\u521b\u5efa Subscription \u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6df7\u4e3a\u4e00\u8c08\u3002OPC UA Part 14，\u00a75.1<\/p>\n\n\u672c\u7cfb\u5217\u5185\u5bb9\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f55\u65f6\u5c55\u5f00<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
Read \u8f6e\u8be2<\/td>\n\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5b9a\u65f6\u8bf7\u6c42\u5f53\u524d\u6570\u636e<\/td>\n\u672c\u7bc7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\/S Subscription<\/td>\n\u5efa\u7acb\u76d1\u63a7\u9879\u4e0e\u8ba2\u9605，\u901a\u8fc7 Publish \u670d\u52a1\u6536\u53d6\u901a\u77e5<\/td>\n\u7b2c 4 \u7bc7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
OPC UA PubSub<\/td>\n\u914d\u7f6e Publisher\/Subscriber \u548c\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u901a\u4fe1<\/td>\n\u7b2c 8 \u7bc7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u7f16\u7a0b\u9009\u62e9\u8f6e\u8be2，\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5bb9\u6613\u89c2\u5bdf\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u540e\u7eed\u91c7\u96c6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e94\u8be5\u5bf9\u5168\u90e8\u6d4b\u70b9\u9010\u70b9\u5faa\u73af\u8bfb\u3002<\/p>\n

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1.3 \u5199\u7a0b\u5e8f\u524d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4e03\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5<\/h3>\n\n\u6982\u5ff5\u5728\u672c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u5bb9\u6613\u6df7\u6dc6\u4e4b\u5904<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Application<\/td>\n\u5b9e\u73b0 UA \u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/td>\n\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5e94\u7528\u8eab\u4efd\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u4e1a\u52a1\u6a21\u578b\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Endpoint<\/td>\n\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bbf\u95ee\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u5165\u53e3\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u8fde\u63a5\u914d\u7f6e<\/td>\n\u77e5\u9053 URL \u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5339\u914d\u5b89\u5168\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u7b56\u7565<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Server \/ Client<\/td>\n\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u4e00\u65b9\u4e0e\u8c03\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u4e00\u65b9<\/td>\n\u4e0e\u201c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7535\u8111\u4e0a\u201d\u65e0\u5173<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SecureChannel<\/td>\n\u901a\u4fe1\u5c42\u7684\u901a\u9053\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587<\/td>\n\u540d\u79f0\u5305\u542b Secure \u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u9009\u7528 None \u65f6\u4ecd\u6709\u52a0\u5bc6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Session<\/td>\n\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587<\/td>\nTCP \u5efa\u7acb\u540e\u8fd8\u9700\u8981 UA \u5c42\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u4e0e\u6fc0\u6d3b\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Node \/ NodeId<\/td>\n\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u8282\u70b9\u6807\u8bc6<\/td>\n\u663e\u793a\u540d\u79f0\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u7a33\u5b9a\u5730\u5740<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Subscription<\/td>\nC\/S \u901a\u77e5\u4ea4\u4ed8\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8ba2\u9605\u5bf9\u8c61<\/td>\n\u672c\u7bc7\u5c1a\u672a\u521b\u5efa；\u4e0d\u662f PubSub Subscriber<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u89c4\u8303\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u8ba2\u9605\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002OPC UA Part 1，\u00a75.3<\/p>\n

\u672c\u4f8b\u6700\u503c\u5f97\u63d0\u524d\u517b\u6210\u7684\u4e60\u60ef\u662f：\u4fdd\u5b58 Namespace URI，\u8fde\u63a5\u540e\u89e3\u6790 Namespace Index\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f urn:example:powerlab，\u53d8\u91cf\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u662f Station1.Feeder1.Voltage\u3002\u672c\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e3a：<\/p>\n

ns=2;s=Station1.Feeder1.Voltage<\/p>\n

ns=2 \u8868\u793a\u6b64\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5f53\u524d\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15，s= \u8868\u793a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u3002\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u7d22\u5f15\u4e0d\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u6c38\u4e45\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u7f16\u53f7\u3002OPC UA Part 3，\u00a75.2.2 NodeId<\/p>\n

\u540c\u6837\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f，\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u91cc\u7684\u70b9\u53f7\u53ea\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u547d\u540d\u7ea6\u5b9a\u3002\u8282\u70b9\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7236\u5b50\u5173\u7cfb\u7531\u5efa\u6a21\u4ee3\u7801\u521b\u5efa；\u4ec5\u4ec5\u628a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u547d\u540d\u4e3a A.B.C，\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u4e09\u4e2a\u5c42\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n

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1.4 \u5efa\u7acb\u53ef\u4ee5\u590d\u73b0\u7684 Python \u73af\u5883<\/h3>\n

1.4.1 \u5e93\u540d\u3001\u5305\u540d\u548c\u7248\u672c<\/h4>\n

\u672c\u7cfb\u5217\u4f7f\u7528 FreeOpcUa \u9879\u76ee\u7684 opcua-asyncio，\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\u540d\u548c\u5bfc\u5165\u540d\u662f asyncua\u3002\u672c\u6587\u9501\u5b9a 2.0.1，\u8be5\u53d1\u5e03\u5305\u8981\u6c42 Python \u22653.10；\u7cfb\u5217\u793a\u4f8b\u9009\u62e9 Python 3.12，\u5e76\u6682\u5c06\u9879\u76ee\u8303\u56f4\u9650\u5236\u4e3a 3.12\/3.13\u3002PyPI \u53d1\u5e03\u9875<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u8981\u628a\u65e7\u6559\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684 from opcua import Client \u76f4\u63a5\u590d\u5236\u8fc7\u6765\u3002\u4e24\u5957\u5e93\u7684\u5bfc\u5165\u540d\u3001\u5f02\u6b65\u8c03\u7528\u548c\u90e8\u5206\u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u540c；\u672c\u6587\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u4ee5\u5b9e\u9645\u5b89\u88c5\u7684 2.0.1 \u5305\u4e3a\u51c6，\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8ddf\u968f master \u5206\u652f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fdb\u5165 examples \u76ee\u5f55，\u6267\u884c：<\/p>\n

uv sync –frozen –python 3.12<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u673a\u5668\u5c1a\u65e0\u8be5\u89e3\u91ca\u5668，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u6267\u884c uv python install 3.12\u3002\u968f\u540e\u6240\u6709\u547d\u4ee4\u90fd\u901a\u8fc7 uv run –frozen \u4f7f\u7528\u9879\u76ee\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883，\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u7cfb\u7edf python \u6070\u597d\u6307\u5411\u54ea\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u201c\u56fa\u5b9a\u201d：pyproject.toml \u6307\u5b9a\u76f4\u63a5\u4f9d\u8d56 asyncua==2.0.1；uv.lock \u8fd8\u8bb0\u5f55\u95f4\u63a5\u4f9d\u8d56\u53ca\u5305\u54c8\u5e0c\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u53d8\u800c\u95f4\u63a5\u4f9d\u8d56\u53d8\u5316，\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u540c，\u6240\u4ee5\u590d\u73b0\u65f6\u4fdd\u7559\u9501\u6587\u4ef6\u3002uv sync \u547d\u4ee4\u6587\u6863<\/p>\n

\u672c\u7bc7\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u4ef6\u5982\u4e0b，\u5747\u5df2\u63d0\u4f9b：<\/p>\n

examples\/
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 pyproject.toml
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 uv.lock
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 .python-version
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 labs\/
\n\u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500 l01_common.py # \u6a21\u578b\u6807\u8bc6\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u68c0\u67e5
\n\u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500 l01_server.py # \u91cf\u6d4b\u6a21\u62df\u5668\u4e0e UA Server
\n\u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500 l01_client.py # \u8bfb\u53d6\u4e0e\u9636\u6bb5\u5316\u9519\u8bef\u8bb0\u5f55
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 tests\/
\n \u2514\u2500\u2500 test_l01_processes.py # \u4e24\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u901a\u4fe1\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/p>\n

1.4.2 \u53ea\u8865\u5145\u672c\u7bc7\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5f02\u6b65\u77e5\u8bc6<\/h4>\n

async def \u5b9a\u4e49\u534f\u7a0b\u51fd\u6570；\u8c03\u7528\u540e，\u9700\u8981 await \u7b49\u5f85\u6267\u884c，\u6216\u4ea4\u7ed9\u4efb\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u3002asyncio.run() \u521b\u5efa\u5e76\u8fd0\u884c\u9876\u5c42\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u3002async with \u5219\u628a\u8d44\u6e90\u8fdb\u5165\u548c\u9000\u51fa\u7684\u5f02\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u660e\u786e\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n

\u672c\u7bc7\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u6bcf\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\u540e\u4f7f\u7528 await asyncio.sleep(interval)\u3002\u8fd9\u6bb5\u7b49\u5f85\u4f1a\u8ba9\u51fa\u6267\u884c\u673a\u4f1a，\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u7eed\u5904\u7406\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0e\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002\u82e5\u6539\u6210\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684 time.sleep()，\u5c31\u4f1a\u963b\u585e\u540c\u4e00\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af，\u5bfc\u81f4\u201c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u660e\u660e\u5728\u6253\u5370\u6570\u503c，\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5374\u54cd\u5e94\u5f88\u6162\u201d\u3002Python 3.12：Coroutines and Tasks<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u9700\u8981 await：\u4f8b\u5982 get_node() \u6784\u9020\u672c\u5730\u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61，read_data_value() \u624d\u53d1\u8d77\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002\u672c\u7cfb\u5217\u4f1a\u7ed3\u5408\u5b9e\u9645\u8c03\u7528\u89e3\u91ca，\u907f\u514d\u9760\u201c\u5b83\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u50cf I\/O\u201d\u6765\u731c\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

1.5 \u670d\u52a1\u7aef：\u7ed9\u6a21\u62df\u7535\u538b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740<\/h3>\n

1.5.1 \u672c\u7bc7\u6a21\u578b\u7ea6\u5b9a<\/h4>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u5c0f\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4：<\/p>\n

#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}@keyframes edge-animation-frame{from{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}@keyframes dash{to{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .edge-animation-slow{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 50s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .edge-animation-fast{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 20s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .edge-thickness-invisible{stroke-width:0;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX svg{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX p{margin:0;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .label{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .cluster-label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .cluster-label span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .cluster-label span p{background-color:transparent;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .label text,#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX span{fill:#333;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .node rect,#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .node circle,#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .node ellipse,#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .node polygon,#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .rough-node .label text,#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .node .label text,#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .icon-shape .label{text-anchor:middle;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .node .katex path{fill:#000;stroke:#000;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .rough-node .label,#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .node .label,#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .icon-shape .label{text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .node.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .root .anchor path{fill:#333333!important;stroke-width:0;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .arrowheadPath{fill:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .edgePath .path{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:2.0px;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .flowchart-link{stroke:#333333;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .edgeLabel{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .edgeLabel p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .labelBkg{background-color:rgba(232, 232, 232, 0.5);}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .cluster span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:hsl(80, 100%, 96.2745098039%);border:1px solid #aaaa33;border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .flowchartTitleText{text-anchor:middle;font-size:18px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX rect.text{fill:none;stroke-width:0;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .icon-shape,#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .image-shape{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .icon-shape p,#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .image-shape p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);padding:2px;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .icon-shape .label rect,#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .image-shape .label rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .label-icon{display:inline-block;height:1em;overflow:visible;vertical-align:-0.125em;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX .node .label-icon path{fill:currentColor;stroke:revert;stroke-width:revert;}#mermaid-svg-myC7LOzjwj1lWXvX :root{–mermaid-font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Objects：\u6807\u51c6\u5165\u53e3<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Station1：\u6559\u5b66\u7ad9\u70b9<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Feeder1：\u6559\u5b66\u9988\u7ebf<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Voltage：Double，\u6a21\u62df\u503c\u7ea6 230 V<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u662f\u6559\u5b66\u6a21\u578b，\u4e0d\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u7b26\u5408\u67d0\u4e2a\u884c\u4e1a Companion Specification \u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8bbe\u5907\u3002Station1\/Feeder1 \u6682\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u7840 Object；Voltage \u662f\u57fa\u7840\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u672c\u7bc7\u628a V \u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ea6\u5b9a，\u5c1a\u672a\u914d\u7f6e EngineeringUnits\u3001\u8303\u56f4\u6216\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u8bbe\u5907\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7\u518d\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u542b\u4e49\u5199\u8fdb\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

1.5.2 \u521b\u5efa Server \u548c\u8282\u70b9<\/h4>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u6458\u81ea l01_server.py，\u53c2\u6570\u7531\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5165\u53e3\u4f20\u5165；\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528\u5b8c\u6574\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

server =<\/span> Server(<\/span>)<\/span>
\nawait<\/span> server.<\/span>init(<\/span>)<\/span>
\nserver.<\/span>set_endpoint(<\/span>endpoint)<\/span>
\nserver.<\/span>set_server_name(<\/span>"PowerLab L01"<\/span>)<\/span>
\nawait<\/span> server.<\/span>set_application_uri(<\/span>"urn:example:powerlab:server"<\/span>)<\/span>
\nserver.<\/span>set_security_policy(<\/span>[<\/span>ua.<\/span>SecurityPolicyType.<\/span>NoSecurity]<\/span>)<\/span>
\nserver.<\/span>set_identity_tokens(<\/span>[<\/span>ua.<\/span>AnonymousIdentityToken]<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

ns =<\/span> await<\/span> server.<\/span>register_namespace(<\/span>NAMESPACE_URI)<\/span>
\nstation =<\/span> await<\/span> server.<\/span>nodes.<\/span>objects.<\/span>add_object(<\/span>
\n ua.<\/span>NodeId(<\/span>"Station1"<\/span>,<\/span> ns)<\/span>,<\/span> ua.<\/span>QualifiedName(<\/span>"Station1"<\/span>,<\/span> ns)<\/span>
\n)<\/span>
\nfeeder =<\/span> await<\/span> station.<\/span>add_object(<\/span>
\n ua.<\/span>NodeId(<\/span>"Station1.Feeder1"<\/span>,<\/span> ns)<\/span>,<\/span> ua.<\/span>QualifiedName(<\/span>"Feeder1"<\/span>,<\/span> ns)<\/span>
\n)<\/span>
\nvoltage =<\/span> await<\/span> feeder.<\/span>add_variable(<\/span>
\n ua.<\/span>NodeId(<\/span>VOLTAGE_ID,<\/span> ns)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n ua.<\/span>QualifiedName(<\/span>"Voltage"<\/span>,<\/span> ns)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n 230.0<\/span>,<\/span>
\n ua.<\/span>VariantType.<\/span>Double,<\/span>
\n)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u91cc\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u804c\u8d23：<\/p>\n

  • server.init() \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6807\u51c6\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0e\u5185\u90e8\u670d\u52a1；\u6a21\u578b\u521b\u5efa\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e4b\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n
  • set_application_uri() \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5e94\u7528\u6807\u8bc6；register_namespace() \u6ce8\u518c\u672c\u7bc7\u4e1a\u52a1\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4，\u4e24\u8005\u4e0d\u4e92\u76f8\u66ff\u4ee3\u3002<\/li>\n
  • ua.NodeId(…) \u786e\u5b9a\u6807\u8bc6；ua.QualifiedName(…) \u786e\u5b9a\u5e26\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684 BrowseName\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u521d\u503c 230.0 \u914d\u5408 ua.VariantType.Double，\u8ba9\u672c\u4f8b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u660e\u786e，\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f9d\u8d56 Python \u6570\u503c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u9690\u5f0f\u63a8\u65ad\u3002<\/li>\n

    \u8fd9\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u8c03\u7528 set_writable()\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ecd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u503c，\u4f46\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0d\u56e0\u6b64\u83b7\u5f97\u5199\u91cf\u6d4b\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002\u6a21\u62df\u5668\u751f\u6210\u7684\u91cf\u6d4b\u5e94\u7531\u8bbe\u5907\u4fa7\u66f4\u65b0，\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u968f\u610f\u5199\u5165\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u7406\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n

    1.5.3 \u66f4\u65b0\u5faa\u73af\u4e0e\u6e05\u7406<\/h4>\n

    async<\/span> with<\/span> server:<\/span>
    \n emit(<\/span>"ready"<\/span>,<\/span> endpoint=<\/span>endpoint,<\/span> namespace_index=<\/span>ns,<\/span>
    \n nodeid=<\/span>voltage.<\/span>nodeid.<\/span>to_string(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n try<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n async<\/span> with<\/span> asyncio.<\/span>timeout(<\/span>duration or<\/span> None<\/span>)<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n tick =<\/span> 0<\/span>
    \n while<\/span> True<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n value =<\/span> round<\/span>(<\/span>230.0<\/span> +<\/span> (<\/span>tick %<\/span> 100<\/span>)<\/span> *<\/span> 0.1<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n await<\/span> voltage.<\/span>write_value(<\/span>value,<\/span> ua.<\/span>VariantType.<\/span>Double)<\/span>
    \n emit(<\/span>"update"<\/span>,<\/span> tick=<\/span>tick,<\/span> value=<\/span>value)<\/span>
    \n tick +=<\/span> 1<\/span>
    \n await<\/span> asyncio.<\/span>sleep(<\/span>interval)<\/span>
    \n except<\/span> TimeoutError:<\/span>
    \n emit(<\/span>"duration_elapsed"<\/span>,<\/span> seconds=<\/span>duration)<\/span>
    \nemit(<\/span>"stopped"<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u6a21\u62df\u503c\u6bcf\u6b21\u589e\u52a0 0.1，100 \u6b21\u540e\u56de\u5230 230.0\u3002\u91c7\u7528\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u5e8f\u5217，\u65b9\u4fbf\u89c2\u5bdf\u53d8\u5316；\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u6a21\u62df\u771f\u5b9e\u7535\u7f51\u7684\u7269\u7406\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

    async with server \u8fdb\u5165\u540e\u624d\u6253\u5370 ready，\u6240\u4ee5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u636e\u6b64\u542f\u52a8\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002–duration \u4e3a 0 \u65f6\u6301\u7eed\u8fd0\u884c；\u5927\u4e8e 0 \u65f6，\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u76d1\u542c\u540e\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u65f6\u957f\u7ed3\u675f\u66f4\u65b0\u5faa\u73af，\u518d\u9000\u51fa Server \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8ba1\u65f6\u8303\u56f4\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u6807\u51c6\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8017\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u624b\u52a8\u6309 Ctrl+C \u65f6，\u9876\u5c42\u5f02\u6b65\u4efb\u52a1\u53d6\u6d88\u4f1a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u6e05\u7406\u3002\u5f3a\u5236\u6740\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6216\u65ad\u7535\u65e0\u6cd5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6267\u884c Python \u6e05\u7406\u4ee3\u7801，\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u7ed3\u675f\u65b9\u5f0f\u6df7\u5199\u3002\u672c\u6b21\u81ea\u52a8\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5e38\u5230\u65f6\u9000\u51fa，\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u968f\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u65b0\u7ed1\u5b9a\u540c\u4e00\u7aef\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u70b9\u53ea\u76d1\u542c 127.0.0.1，\u91c7\u7528 None \u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u548c\u533f\u540d\u8eab\u4efd\u3002\u5b83\u7528\u4e8e\u672c\u673a\u5b9e\u9a8c；\u76f4\u63a5\u6539\u6210 0.0.0.0 \u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u8fd9\u6bb5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53d8\u6210\u9002\u5408\u7f51\u7edc\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7aef，\u5b89\u5168\u914d\u7f6e\u5c06\u5728\u7b2c 5 \u7bc7\u843d\u5b9e\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    1.6 \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef：\u6309\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u67e5\u627e，\u518d\u8bfb\u53d6\u5b8c\u6574 DataValue<\/h3>\n

    \u4e0b\u9762\u662f l01_client.py \u7684\u5173\u952e\u8c03\u7528：<\/p>\n

    async<\/span> with<\/span> Client(<\/span>url=<\/span>endpoint,<\/span> timeout=<\/span>3.0<\/span>,<\/span> auto_reconnect=<\/span>False<\/span>)<\/span> as<\/span> client:<\/span>
    \n ns =<\/span> await<\/span> client.<\/span>get_namespace_index(<\/span>namespace_uri)<\/span>
    \n node =<\/span> client.<\/span>get_node(<\/span>ua.<\/span>NodeId(<\/span>VOLTAGE_ID,<\/span> ns)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n for<\/span> sample in<\/span> range<\/span>(<\/span>count)<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n dv =<\/span> await<\/span> node.<\/span>read_data_value(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n emit(<\/span>
    \n "sample"<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n sample=<\/span>sample,<\/span>
    \n nodeid=<\/span>node.<\/span>nodeid.<\/span>to_string(<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n value=<\/span>dv.<\/span>Value.<\/span>Value if<\/span> dv.<\/span>Value is<\/span> not<\/span> None<\/span> else<\/span> None<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n status=<\/span>dv.<\/span>StatusCode.<\/span>name,<\/span>
    \n source_timestamp=<\/span>dv.<\/span>SourceTimestamp.<\/span>isoformat(<\/span>)<\/span> if<\/span> dv.<\/span>SourceTimestamp else<\/span> None<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n server_timestamp=<\/span>dv.<\/span>ServerTimestamp.<\/span>isoformat(<\/span>)<\/span> if<\/span> dv.<\/span>ServerTimestamp else<\/span> None<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n )<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> sample +<\/span> 1<\/span> <<\/span> count:<\/span>
    \n await<\/span> asyncio.<\/span>sleep(<\/span>interval)<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5b8c\u6574\u6587\u4ef6\u8fd8\u8bb0\u5f55 connect\u3001resolve_namespace\u3001read\u3001disconnect \u56db\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u5f02\u5e38\u4f1a\u5e26\u9636\u6bb5\u548c\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u578b\u8f93\u51fa，\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u9000\u51fa\u7801 1；\u8fbe\u5230\u8bfb\u53d6\u6b21\u6570\u5e76\u6b63\u5e38\u6e05\u7406\u624d\u8f93\u51fa complete\u3002<\/p>\n

    1.6.1 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528 read_value()<\/h4>\n

    \u53ea\u53d6\u6570\u503c\u9002\u5408\u67e5\u770b\u6700\u5c0f\u6548\u679c，\u4f46\u4f1a\u4f7f\u8bfb\u8005\u8fc7\u65e9\u628a\u201c\u5de5\u4e1a\u6570\u636e\u201d\u7406\u89e3\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a Python \u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u3002\u672c\u4f8b\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7\u5c31\u5c55\u793a DataValue \u4e2d\u7684\u503c\u3001\u72b6\u6001\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4：<\/p>\n\n\u8f93\u51fa\u5b57\u6bb5\u672c\u4f8b\u7528\u9014\u540e\u7eed\u9700\u8981\u6df1\u5316\u7684\u8fb9\u754c<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
    value<\/td>\n\u6a21\u62df\u7535\u538b\u503c<\/td>\nUA \u7c7b\u578b\u4e0e Python \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8f6c\u6362<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    status<\/td>\n\u89c2\u5bdf Good \u7b49\u72b6\u6001<\/td>\n\u574f\u8d28\u91cf\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5e93\u629b\u5f02\u5e38，\u4e0d\u80fd\u5047\u8bbe\u603b\u80fd\u6253\u5370\u4e00\u4e2a Bad \u6837\u672c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    source_timestamp<\/td>\n\u89c2\u5bdf\u6e90\u65f6\u95f4\u5b57\u6bb5<\/td>\n\u672c\u4f8b\u6765\u81ea\u6a21\u62df\u5668\/\u5e93\u7684\u672c\u5730\u66f4\u65b0，\u4e0d\u662f\u5b9e\u6d4b\u8bbe\u5907\u91c7\u6837\u65f6\u95f4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    server_timestamp<\/td>\n\u89c2\u5bdf\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\u95f4\u5b57\u6bb5<\/td>\n\u4e0e SourceTimestamp \u76f8\u7b49\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u4e24\u8005\u5728\u89c4\u8303\u4e0a\u540c\u4e49<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u4ee3\u7801\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u5f02\u5e38\u540e\u586b\u5165\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u6210\u529f\u503c\u6765\u7ee7\u7eed\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u5df2\u505c\u6b62，\u7ee7\u7eed\u6253\u5370\u65e7\u503c\u4f1a\u5236\u9020\u201c\u6570\u636e\u4ecd\u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u66f4\u65b0\u201d\u7684\u9519\u89c9\u3002<\/p>\n

    1.6.2 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u663e\u5f0f\u5173\u95ed\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u8fde<\/h4>\n

    \u5b9e\u9645\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\u4e2d，Client \u6784\u9020\u53c2\u6570\u5df2\u5305\u542b auto_reconnect\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u8bf4\u660e\u53ea\u770b\u65e7 README \u7684\u80fd\u529b\u6761\u76ee\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u5224\u65ad\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u672c\u7bc7\u663e\u5f0f\u8bbe\u7f6e False：\u8fde\u63a5\u5931\u8d25\u76f4\u63a5\u5931\u8d25，\u8bfb\u53d6\u671f\u95f4\u65ad\u5f00\u5219\u8f93\u51fa\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u8bfb\u8005\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u6545\u969c\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u91cd\u8fde\u4e4b\u540e\u8ba2\u9605\u662f\u5426\u91cd\u5efa\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u662f\u5426\u7f3a\u5931\u3001\u4e1a\u52a1\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5426\u91cd\u590d，\u662f\u7b2c 4 \u7bc7\u7684\u95ee\u9898，\u4e0d\u80fd\u9760\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e03\u5c14\u9009\u9879\u5c31\u5ba3\u79f0\u5168\u90e8\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    1.7 L01：\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u95ed\u73af<\/h3>\n

    1.7.1 \u624b\u52a8\u8fd0\u884c<\/h4>\n

    \u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u8fdb\u5165\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a examples \u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u7ec8\u7aef A \u6267\u884c：<\/p>\n

    uv run –frozen python -m labs.l01_server<\/p>\n

    \u770b\u5230 "event": "ready" \u540e，\u7ec8\u7aef B \u6267\u884c：<\/p>\n

    uv run –frozen python -m labs.l01_client –count 6<\/p>\n

    \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bfb\u53d6\u516d\u6b21\u540e\u9000\u51fa；\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fd0\u884c，\u65b9\u4fbf\u518d\u8fde\u63a5\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u62d3\u6251\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n

    Python Client \u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n

    Python Server \u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n

    Python Client \u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n

    Python Server \u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n

    #mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}@keyframes edge-animation-frame{from{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}@keyframes dash{to{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .edge-animation-slow{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 50s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .edge-animation-fast{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 20s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .edge-thickness-invisible{stroke-width:0;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS svg{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS p{margin:0;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .actor{stroke:hsl(259.6261682243, 59.7765363128%, 87.9019607843%);fill:#ECECFF;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS text.actor>tspan{fill:black;stroke:none;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .actor-line{stroke:hsl(259.6261682243, 59.7765363128%, 87.9019607843%);}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .innerArc{stroke-width:1.5;stroke-dasharray:none;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .messageLine0{stroke-width:1.5;stroke-dasharray:none;stroke:#333;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .messageLine1{stroke-width:1.5;stroke-dasharray:2,2;stroke:#333;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS #arrowhead path{fill:#333;stroke:#333;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .sequenceNumber{fill:white;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS #sequencenumber{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS #crosshead path{fill:#333;stroke:#333;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .messageText{fill:#333;stroke:none;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .labelBox{stroke:hsl(259.6261682243, 59.7765363128%, 87.9019607843%);fill:#ECECFF;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .labelText,#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .labelText>tspan{fill:black;stroke:none;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .loopText,#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .loopText>tspan{fill:black;stroke:none;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .loopLine{stroke-width:2px;stroke-dasharray:2,2;stroke:hsl(259.6261682243, 59.7765363128%, 87.9019607843%);fill:hsl(259.6261682243, 59.7765363128%, 87.9019607843%);}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .note{stroke:#aaaa33;fill:#fff5ad;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .noteText,#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .noteText>tspan{fill:black;stroke:none;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .activation0{fill:#f4f4f4;stroke:#666;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .activation1{fill:#f4f4f4;stroke:#666;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .activation2{fill:#f4f4f4;stroke:#666;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .actorPopupMenu{position:absolute;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .actorPopupMenuPanel{position:absolute;fill:#ECECFF;box-shadow:0px 8px 16px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);filter:drop-shadow(3px 5px 2px rgb(0 0 0 \/ 0.4));}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .actor-man line{stroke:hsl(259.6261682243, 59.7765363128%, 87.9019607843%);fill:#ECECFF;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS .actor-man circle,#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS line{stroke:hsl(259.6261682243, 59.7765363128%, 87.9019607843%);fill:#ECECFF;stroke-width:2px;}#mermaid-svg-xS1giAYnD1sosCNS :root{–mermaid-font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}<\/p>\n

    \u8f93\u51fa ready<\/p>\n

    loop<\/p>\n

    [\u8fde\u7eed\u8bfb\u53d6]<\/p>\n

    \u4ecd\u53ef\u63a5\u6536\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u8fde\u63a5<\/p>\n

    \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6a21\u578b\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u76d1\u542c<\/p>\n

    \u5efa\u7acb\u901a\u9053\u4e0e\u4f1a\u8bdd（\u5e93\u5904\u7406）<\/p>\n

    \u83b7\u53d6\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u8868<\/p>\n

    URI \u4e0e\u5f53\u524d\u7d22\u5f15<\/p>\n

    \u66f4\u65b0\u6a21\u62df\u7535\u538b<\/p>\n

    Read Voltage<\/p>\n

    DataValue<\/p>\n

    \u6e05\u7406\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4e0e\u8fde\u63a5<\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u662f\u6982\u5ff5\u65f6\u5e8f\u56fe，\u4e0d\u662f\u6293\u5305\u9010\u5e27\u91cd\u5efa\u3002\u771f\u5b9e\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u8bfb\u53d6\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u8c03\u5ea6\u7684，\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u5e8f\u4e0d\u8868\u793a\u6bcf\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\u90fd\u4f1a\u7d27\u63a5\u7740\u88ab\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n

    1.7.2 \u672c\u6b21\u5b9e\u9645\u7ed3\u679c<\/h4>\n

    \u81ea\u52a8\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e3a\u907f\u514d\u7aef\u53e3\u51b2\u7a81\u4f7f\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u56de\u73af\u7aef\u53e3，\u5e76\u5c06\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u66f4\u65b0\u5468\u671f\u8bbe\u4e3a 0.1 \u79d2\u3001\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bfb\u53d6\u5468\u671f\u8bbe\u4e3a 0.2 \u79d2\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8868\u683c\u6458\u81ea\u539f\u59cb normal.client.log（\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bf4\u660e）：<\/p>\n\nsamplevaluestatusSourceTimestamp（UTC）<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    0<\/td>\n230.6<\/td>\nGood<\/td>\n2026-09-05T13:13:21.004108+00:00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    1<\/td>\n230.8<\/td>\nGood<\/td>\n2026-09-05T13:13:21.213573+00:00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2<\/td>\n231.0<\/td>\nGood<\/td>\n2026-09-05T13:13:21.409133+00:00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    3<\/td>\n231.2<\/td>\nGood<\/td>\n2026-09-05T13:13:21.615005+00:00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    4<\/td>\n231.4<\/td>\nGood<\/td>\n2026-09-05T13:13:21.817472+00:00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    5<\/td>\n231.6<\/td>\nGood<\/td>\n2026-09-05T13:13:22.018365+00:00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u9996\u4e2a\u8bfb\u6570\u4e0d\u662f\u521d\u59cb\u503c 230.0，\u56e0\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5b8c\u6210\u8fde\u63a5\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u6b21\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u6b63\u5e38\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65ad\u8a00\u7684\u662f\u201c\u516d\u4e2a\u6709\u6548\u6d6e\u70b9\u8bfb\u6570\u4e14\u5b58\u5728\u53d8\u5316\u201d，\u4e0d\u4f1a\u628a\u67d0\u4e2a\u9996\u503c\u6216\u56fa\u5b9a\u6b65\u957f\u5f53\u6210\u6240\u6709\u673a\u5668\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u65e5\u5fd7\u8fd8\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u534f\u5546\u63d0\u793a：<\/p>\n

    Requested session timeout to be 3600000ms, got 600000ms instead<\/p>\n

    \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8d85\u65f6\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u503c\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u672c\u6b21\u540e\u7eed\u8bfb\u53d6\u6b63\u5e38，\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ec5\u56e0\u65e5\u5fd7\u7b49\u7ea7\u662f WARNING \u5c31\u5224\u65ad\u8fde\u63a5\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u8d85\u65f6\u534f\u5546\u503c\u548c\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u5c06\u5728\u7b2c 3 \u7bc7\u7ed3\u5408\u62a5\u6587\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    1.8 \u4e09\u4e2a\u5931\u8d25\u5b9e\u9a8c：\u6545\u969c\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u54ea\u4e00\u6bb5<\/h3>\n

    1.8.1 \u9519\u8bef\u7aef\u53e3：\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5efa\u7acb\u53ef\u7528\u8fde\u63a5<\/h4>\n

    \u786e\u8ba4\u672c\u673a 4841 \u6ca1\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u76d1\u542c\u540e\u6267\u884c：<\/p>\n

    uv run –frozen python -m labs.l01_client –endpoint opc.tcp:\/\/127.0.0.1:4841\/powerlab\/ –count 1<\/p>\n

    \u672c\u6b21\u81ea\u52a8\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u76d1\u542c\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u7aef\u53e3\u590d\u73b0，\u5f97\u5230 stage=connect\u3001error_type=ConnectionRefusedError\u3001\u9000\u51fa\u7801 1，\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55 sample\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u672c\u4f8b\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5165\u53e3，\u4e0d\u662f NodeId \u9519\u8bef，\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u7535\u538b\u4e3a\u96f6\u201d\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u9519\u8bef\u53f7，\u9a8c\u6536\u5e94\u4f9d\u636e\u9636\u6bb5\u548c\u5f02\u5e38\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u82e5\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e22\u5f03\u8fde\u63a5\u5c1d\u8bd5，\u73b0\u8c61\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u8d85\u65f6，\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7acb\u5373\u62d2\u7edd\u3002<\/p>\n

    1.8.2 \u9519\u8bef\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4：\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fdb\u5165 UA \u670d\u52a1\u8c03\u7528<\/h4>\n

    \u4fdd\u6301\u9ed8\u8ba4\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u8fd0\u884c，\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec8\u7aef\u6267\u884c：<\/p>\n

    uv run –frozen python -m labs.l01_client –namespace-uri urn:example:missing<\/p>\n

    \u672c\u6b21\u7ed3\u679c\u662f stage=resolve_namespace\u3001error_type=ValueError，\u9519\u8bef\u5185\u5bb9\u6307\u51fa\u8be5 URI \u4e0d\u5728\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u65f6\u7ee7\u7eed\u6392\u67e5\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5c31\u504f\u79bb\u4e86\u8bc1\u636e\u3002\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5df2\u83b7\u53d6\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u4fe1\u606f，\u4f46\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u8eab\u4efd\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u3002ValueError \u662f\u672c\u7248\u672c\u8f85\u52a9\u65b9\u6cd5\u67e5\u8868\u4ea7\u751f\u7684 Python \u5f02\u5e38，\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a ValueError \u7684 UA \u72b6\u6001\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

    1.8.3 \u8bfb\u503c\u671f\u95f4\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u505c\u6b62：\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u65e7\u6570\u503c\u5f53\u65b0\u6837\u672c<\/h4>\n

    \u5148\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a 15 \u79d2\u540e\u81ea\u7136\u9000\u51fa\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7aef：<\/p>\n

    uv run –frozen python -m labs.l01_server –duration 15<\/p>\n

    \u770b\u5230 ready \u540e，\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec8\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42 40 \u6b21\u8bfb\u53d6：<\/p>\n

    uv run –frozen python -m labs.l01_client –count 40<\/p>\n

    \u672c\u6b21\u81ea\u52a8\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u77ed\u5468\u671f\u590d\u73b0\u8be5\u573a\u666f：\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5148\u6210\u529f\u8bfb\u5230\u4e00\u6bb5\u6570\u636e，\u968f\u540e\u8f93\u51fa：<\/p>\n

    {<\/span>"event"<\/span>:<\/span> "error"<\/span>,<\/span> "stage"<\/span>:<\/span> "read"<\/span>,<\/span> "error_type"<\/span>:<\/span> "ConnectionError"<\/span>,<\/span> "message"<\/span>:<\/span> "client is disconnected"<\/span>}<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u4e3a 1，\u6ca1\u6709\u8f93\u51fa complete\u3002\u8fd9\u624d\u662f\u672c\u4f8b\u5e0c\u671b\u4fdd\u7559\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e：\u91c7\u96c6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u672a\u6309\u76ee\u6807\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5177\u4f53\u5f02\u5e38\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u5173\u95ed\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ca\u68c0\u6d4b\u65f6\u673a\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u6b63\u5e38\u505c\u6b62\u540e\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u8def\u5f84，\u4e0d\u8986\u76d6\u6240\u6709\u7f51\u7edc\u9ed1\u6d1e\u3001\u65ad\u7535\u6216\u8fde\u63a5\u534a\u5f00\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u65ad\u5f00\u540e\u6e05\u7406 Session\/Channel \u7684\u8b66\u544a\u4e5f\u4fdd\u7559\u5728\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d，\u4e0d\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u4f2a\u88c5\u6210\u53e6\u4e00\u6bb5\u6210\u529f\u4f1a\u8bdd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\u73b0\u8c61\u672c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9636\u6bb5\u4f18\u5148\u6838\u5bf9<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709 sample<\/td>\nconnect<\/td>\n\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u5426 ready\u3001\u7aef\u70b9\u5730\u5740\u548c\u76d1\u542c\u7aef\u53e3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u80fd\u8fde\u63a5\u4f46\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u4e1a\u52a1\u6a21\u578b<\/td>\nresolve_namespace<\/td>\nNamespace URI \u662f\u5426\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4e00\u81f4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u5148\u6709\u503c，\u968f\u540e\u5931\u8d25<\/td>\nread<\/td>\nServer\/\u94fe\u8def\u72b6\u6001，\u518d\u770b\u6570\u636e\u670d\u52a1\u9519\u8bef<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u503c\u91cd\u590d\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u5f02\u5e38<\/td>\nread<\/td>\n\u66f4\u65b0\u5468\u671f\u4e0e\u8bfb\u53d6\u5468\u671f；\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u63a8\u65ad\u65ad\u7ebf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    connect \u662f\u5e94\u7528\u7ea7\u9636\u6bb5，\u5185\u90e8\u4ecd\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a UA \u5efa\u7acb\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u672c\u7bc7\u65e5\u5fd7\u6ca1\u6709\u7ec6\u5206\u5b83\u4eec，\u7b2c 3 \u7bc7\u518d\u4e0b\u94bb\u5230\u901a\u9053\u548c Session\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    1.9 \u72ec\u7acb\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e0e\u9a8c\u6536\u8fb9\u754c<\/h3>\n

    1.9.1 UaExpert \u64cd\u4f5c\u8def\u5f84（\u5f85\u5b9e\u6d4b）<\/h4>\n

    UaExpert \u53ef\u4f5c\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u53c2\u8003\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u89c2\u5bdf\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5382\u5546\u4ea7\u54c1\u9875 \u5728\u88c5\u6709\u8be5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u672c\u673a\u4e0a，\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8def\u5f84\u590d\u9a8c：<\/p>\n

  • \u4fdd\u6301\u9ed8\u8ba4 Python Server \u8fd0\u884c\u5e76\u786e\u8ba4 ready\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u65b0\u589e\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5730\u5740 opc.tcp:\/\/127.0.0.1:4840\/powerlab\/\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u9009\u62e9\u672c\u4f8b\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684 None \u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u548c\u533f\u540d\u8eab\u4efd\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u5c55\u5f00 Objects \u2192 Station1 \u2192 Feeder1，\u627e\u5230 Voltage，\u68c0\u67e5 NodeId \u4e0e Double \u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u5c06\u53d8\u91cf\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u89c6\u56fe，\u89c2\u5bdf\u503c\u3001\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u65f6\u95f4；\u8bb0\u5f55 UaExpert \u7248\u672c\u4e0e\u622a\u56fe\u3002<\/li>\n

    \u754c\u9762\u540d\u79f0\u53ef\u80fd\u968f\u7248\u672c\u53d8\u5316，\u5224\u65ad\u76ee\u6807\u4ee5\u7aef\u70b9\u3001\u8282\u70b9\u6807\u8bc6\u548c\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a\u51c6\u3002\u672c\u6b21\u73af\u5883\u672a\u5b89\u88c5 UaExpert，\u6ca1\u6709\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u7ec4\u6b65\u9aa4，\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u80fd\u58f0\u79f0\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210\u8de8\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e92\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u89c6\u56fe\u901a\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u76d1\u63a7\/\u8ba2\u9605\u884c\u4e3a，\u590d\u9a8c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5e94\u4e0e\u672c\u7bc7 Python \u8f6e\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u5206\u5f00\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n

    1.9.2 \u81ea\u52a8\u9a8c\u6536\u5df2\u7ecf\u8986\u76d6\u4ec0\u4e48<\/h4>\n

    \u5728 examples \u76ee\u5f55\u6267\u884c：<\/p>\n

    uv run –frozen python -m pytest -q -rA
    \nuv run –frozen python -m ruff check –no-cache labs tests<\/p>\n

    \u672c\u6b21\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ea7\u6d4b\u8bd5 4 \u9879\u901a\u8fc7，Ruff \u68c0\u67e5\u901a\u8fc7\u3002\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528\u771f\u5b9e UA \u901a\u4fe1，\u4e0d\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df Client \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4ee3\u66ff\u670d\u52a1\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n\n\u9a8c\u6536\u9879\u7ed3\u679c<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u4e24\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb Python \u8fdb\u7a0b\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5，\u8fde\u7eed\u8bfb\u53d6\u53d8\u5316\u503c<\/td>\n\u901a\u8fc7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u503c\u4e3a\u6d6e\u70b9\u3001\u8d28\u91cf Good\u3001\u5b58\u5728\u6e90\u65f6\u95f4<\/td>\n\u901a\u8fc7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u81ea\u7136\u9000\u51fa\u540e，\u53ef\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u7aef\u70b9\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8<\/td>\n\u901a\u8fc7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u9519\u8bef\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u9519\u8bef Namespace URI \u6709\u660e\u786e\u5931\u8d25\u9636\u6bb5<\/td>\n\u901a\u8fc7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u505c\u6b62\u5bfc\u81f4\u8bfb\u53d6\u5931\u8d25，\u4e0d\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f2a\u9020\u5b8c\u6210<\/td>\n\u901a\u8fc7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    UaExpert \u72ec\u7acb\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3001Linux\u3001Python 3.13<\/td>\n\u672a\u6d4b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u52a0\u5bc6\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u6743\u9650\u4f53\u7cfb\u3001\u65ad\u7ebf\u6062\u590d\u3001\u6293\u5305\u5b57\u6bb5\u5206\u6790<\/td>\n\u540e\u7eed\u7bc7\u7ae0\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u8fd9\u4e00\u7ed3\u679c\u8bc1\u660e\u672c\u5730\u5165\u95e8\u95ed\u73af\u53ca\u6307\u5b9a\u6545\u969c\u8def\u5f84\u6210\u7acb，\u5c1a\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u771f\u5b9e\u8bbe\u5907\u4e92\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u957f\u671f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u6216\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002\u672c\u7bc7\u5df2\u5217\u51fa\u5b9e\u6d4b\u73af\u5883\u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u53ca\u4e3b\u8981\u5224\u5b9a\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    1.10 \u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65：\u8ba9\u6a21\u578b\u771f\u6b63\u8868\u8fbe\u8bbe\u5907\u542b\u4e49<\/h3>\n

    \u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u548c\u89c2\u5bdf\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u8d77\u70b9：\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a33\u5b9a\u6807\u8bc6\u7684\u6a21\u62df\u91cf，\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6309\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b9a\u4f4d，\u8bfb\u51fa\u503c\u3001\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u65f6\u95f4，\u5e76\u5728\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u4fdd\u7559\u9636\u6bb5\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

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