{"id":102252,"date":"2026-09-08T11:13:19","date_gmt":"2026-09-08T03:13:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/102252.html"},"modified":"2026-09-08T11:13:19","modified_gmt":"2026-09-08T03:13:19","slug":"mysql%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%ef%bc%88%e4%b8%80%ef%bc%89%ef%bc%9a%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93%e3%80%81%e5%ba%93%e8%a1%a8%e6%93%8d%e4%bd%9c%e3%80%81%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8b%e4%b8%8e%e7%ba%a6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/102252.html","title":{"rendered":"MySQL\u57fa\u7840\uff08\u4e00\uff09\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u5e93\u8868\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0e\u7ea6\u675f"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>1. \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u57fa\u7840<\/h3>\n<h4>1.1 \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h4>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff08;Database&#xff09;\u5c31\u662f\u6309\u7167\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4ed3\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u554a&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u5565\u4e0d\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u975e\u5f97\u8d39\u4e2a\u4e8c\u904d\u4e8b\u5462?<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u9010\u6e10\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u5dee&#xff1a;\u8bef\u64cd\u4f5c\u540e\u5f88\u96be\u8fdb\u884c\u6062\u590d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0d\u65b9\u4fbf&#xff1a;\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6ca1\u6709\u6309\u7167\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u63a7\u5236\u4e0d\u65b9\u4fbf&#xff1a;\u5404\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7ba1\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u7ba1\u7406\u6d77\u91cf\u6570\u636e&#xff1a;\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8d8a\u5927&#xff0c;\u64cd\u4f5c\u6210\u672c\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6765\u7edf\u4e00\u5b8c\u6210\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>1.2 \u5e38\u89c1\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h4>\n<p>\u76ee\u524d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6709&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>MySQL<\/li>\n<li>Oracle<\/li>\n<li>SQL Server<\/li>\n<li>PostgreSQL<\/li>\n<li>SQLite<\/li>\n<li>Redis<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\u6309\u7167\u6570\u636e\u4e3b\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5355\u5206\u4e3a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u78c1\u76d8\u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff1a;MySQL\u3001Oracle\u3001SQLite &#8230;<br \/>\n\u5185\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff1a;Redis &#8230;<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u4e3b\u8981\u5b66\u4e60 MySQL\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>1.3 MySQL\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1<\/h4>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528MySQL\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5b58\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u89d2\u8272&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef                    \u670d\u52a1\u7aef<br \/>\n mysql  &#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-&gt;  mysqld<br \/>\n           SQL\u8bed\u53e5<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5e73\u65f6\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>mysql<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f MySQL\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u800c\u771f\u6b63\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u662f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>mysqld<\/p>\n<p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662fMySQL\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<p>MySQL\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1&#xff0c;\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u5c06SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>MySQL\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u4e3a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>3306<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\u6574\u4f53\u5173\u7cfb\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>Client<br \/>\n   |<br \/>\n   | SQL<br \/>\n   v<br \/>\nMySQL Server<br \/>\n   |<br \/>\n   &#043;&#8211; database<br \/>\n   |      |<br \/>\n   |      &#043;&#8211; table<br \/>\n   |      &#043;&#8211; table<br \/>\n   |<br \/>\n   &#043;&#8211; database<br \/>\n          |<br \/>\n          &#043;&#8211; table<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260908031315-6a9f7d4ba0c46.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>2. MySQL\u57fa\u672c\u4f7f\u7528<\/h3>\n<h4>2.1 \u542f\u52a8\u3001\u5173\u95ed\u548c\u91cd\u542fMySQL<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728Ubuntu\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 systemctl \u7ba1\u7406MySQL\u670d\u52a1&#xff1a;<br \/>\n\u542f\u52a8MySQL:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> systemctl start mysql<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260908031316-6a9f7d4c02186.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u95edMySQL&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> systemctl stop mysql<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260908031316-6a9f7d4c1ad4e.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u91cd\u542fMySQL&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> systemctl restart mysql<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260908031316-6a9f7d4c2fe87.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u67e5\u770bMySQL\u72b6\u6001&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> systemctl status mysql<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260908031316-6a9f7d4c486c2.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u90e8\u5206Linux\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e2d\u670d\u52a1\u540d\u53ef\u80fd\u662f mysqld&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>systemctl start mysqld<br \/>\nsystemctl stop mysqld<br \/>\nsystemctl restart mysqld<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>2.2 \u8fde\u63a5MySQL\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h4>\n<p>\u5b8c\u6574\u8fde\u63a5\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>mysql <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-h127.0.0.1<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-P3306<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-uroot<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-p<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>-h    MySQL\u670d\u52a1\u5668IP<br \/>\n-P    MySQL\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u53e3<br \/>\n-u    \u7528\u6237\u540d<br \/>\n-p    \u8f93\u5165\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u662f\u672c\u673aMySQL&#xff0c;\u4e00\u822c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>mysql <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-uroot<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-p<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8f93\u5165\u5bc6\u7801\u540e\u5373\u53ef\u8fdb\u5165MySQL\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260908031316-6a9f7d4c767a9.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u9000\u51faMySQL&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">exit<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>quit<\/p>\n<p>\u6216\u8005&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\\\\q<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260908031316-6a9f7d4c95556.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>3. \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u8868\u3001\u884c\u548c\u5217<\/h3>\n<p>\u5b89\u88c5MySQL\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2aMySQL\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff0c;\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u5f20\u8868&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>MySQL Server<br \/>\n\u2502<br \/>\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 database<br \/>\n\u2502      \u2502<br \/>\n\u2502      \u251c\u2500\u2500 table<br \/>\n\u2502      \u2514\u2500\u2500 table<br \/>\n\u2502<br \/>\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 database<br \/>\n       \u2502<br \/>\n       \u2514\u2500\u2500 table<\/p>\n<p>\u800c\u8868\u672c\u8eab\u53c8\u7531\u884c\u548c\u5217\u7ec4\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>idnamegender<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>\u5f20\u4e09<\/td>\n<td>\u7537<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>\u674e\u56db<\/td>\n<td>\u7537<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>\u738b\u4e94<\/td>\n<td>\u5973<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u5217&#xff08;column&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5c5e\u6027&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982 id\u3001name\u3001gender<br \/>\n\u884c&#xff08;row&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u4e00\u6761\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e00\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64MySQL\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\u5c31\u662f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>MySQL\u670d\u52a1\u5668<br \/>\n    \u2193<br \/>\n\u6570\u636e\u5e93 database<br \/>\n    \u2193<br \/>\n\u8868 table<br \/>\n    \u2193<br \/>\n\u884c row &#043; \u5217 column<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u8ba4\u8bc6&#xff0c;\u4e0b\u9762\u6b63\u5f0f\u5f00\u59cb\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>4. \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h2>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7167CRUD\u7684\u601d\u8def\u7406\u89e3&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>Create      \u521b\u5efa<br \/>\nRetrieve    \u67e5\u770b<br \/>\nUpdate      \u4fee\u6539<br \/>\nDelete      \u5220\u9664<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>4.1 \u589e&#xff1a;\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h3>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">create<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">database<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">not<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">exists<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> db_name<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">default<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">charset<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span>charset_name<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">default<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">collate<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span>collation_name<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>[]               \u53ef\u9009&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u9009\u5219\u9ed8\u8ba4<br \/>\nif not exists    \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\u624d\u521b\u5efa<br \/>\ncharset          \u6307\u5b9a\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6<br \/>\ncollate          \u6307\u5b9a\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6821\u9a8c\u89c4\u5219<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">create<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">database<\/span> helloworld<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260908031316-6a9f7d4ca16c9.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>4.1.1 \u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48<\/h4>\n<p>\u5148\u67e5\u770bMySQL\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u76ee\u5f55&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">show<\/span> variables <span class=\"token operator\">like<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;datadir&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260908031316-6a9f7d4cb4c28.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5f97\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u76ee\u5f55&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\/var\/lib\/mysql\/<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u4e2d\u67e5\u770b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">ls<\/span> \/var\/lib\/mysql\/<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>helloworld<\/p>\n<p>\u76ee\u5f55<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260908031316-6a9f7d4cc4097.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff0c;\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u4f1a\u5728MySQL\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5220\u9664\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540e&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e5f\u4f1a\u968f\u4e4b\u6d88\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u5173\u4e8edb.opt\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728MySQL 5.7\u7b49\u65e7\u7248\u672c\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u65b0\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540e&#xff0c;\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>db.opt<\/p>\n<p>\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5176\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528\u7684&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6<br \/>\n\u6821\u9a8c\u89c4\u5219<\/p>\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;MySQL 8.0\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d6\u6d88\u4e86 db.opt \u7b49\u6587\u4ef6\u5f0f\u5143\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u540cMySQL\u7248\u672c\u770b\u5230\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u91cd\u70b9\u7406\u89e3&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u662f\u903b\u8f91\u6982\u5ff5<br \/>\n        \u2193<br \/>\n\u6700\u7ec8\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u843d\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u8fdb\u884c\u5b58\u50a8<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>4.1.2 \u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u548c\u6821\u9a8c\u89c4\u5219<\/h4>\n<p>\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u51b3\u5b9a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u5b58\u50a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6821\u9a8c\u89c4\u5219\u51b3\u5b9a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5e94\u8be5\u6309\u7167\u4ec0\u4e48\u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">create<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">database<\/span> db1 <span class=\"token keyword\">charset<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span>utf8mb4<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u6821\u9a8c\u89c4\u5219&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">create<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">database<\/span> db2 <span class=\"token keyword\">charset<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span>utf8mb4 <span class=\"token keyword\">collate<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span>utf8mb4_general_ci<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u65f6\u6ca1\u6709\u663e\u5f0f\u6307\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u5219\u4f7f\u7528MySQL\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">show<\/span> variables <span class=\"token operator\">like<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;character_set_database&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260908031316-6a9f7d4ce7a08.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6821\u9a8c\u89c4\u5219&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">show<\/span> variables <span class=\"token operator\">like<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;collation_database&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260908031317-6a9f7d4d042c6.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u67e5\u770bMySQL\u652f\u6301\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">show<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">charset<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260908031317-6a9f7d4d147f5.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u652f\u6301\u7684\u6821\u9a8c\u89c4\u5219&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">show<\/span> collation<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260908031317-6a9f7d4d812a5.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6821\u9a8c\u89c4\u5219\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>_ci     \u4e00\u822c\u8868\u793a\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u4e0d\u654f\u611f<br \/>\n_bin    \u6309\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u65b9\u5f0f\u6bd4\u8f83&#xff0c;\u901a\u5e38\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\u540c\u6837\u67e5\u8be2&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">select<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from<\/span> person <span class=\"token keyword\">where<\/span> name<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;alice&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6821\u9a8c\u89c4\u5219\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>4.2 \u67e5&#xff1a;\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h3>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524dMySQL\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">show<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">databases<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260908031317-6a9f7d4db7037.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u8bed\u53e5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">show<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">create<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">database<\/span> helloworld<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260908031317-6a9f7d4dcc1a3.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>4.2.1 \u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h4>\n<p>\u8fdb\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">use<\/span> helloworld<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b83\u7b80\u5355\u7406\u89e3\u6210&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>Linux&#xff1a;cd\u8fdb\u5165\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<p>MySQL&#xff1a;use\u8fdb\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/p>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">select<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">database<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260908031318-6a9f7d4e0d114.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>4.2.2 \u67e5\u770bMySQL\u8fde\u63a5<\/h4>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524dMySQL\u8fde\u63a5\u60c5\u51b5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">show<\/span> processlist<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5e0c\u671b\u67e5\u770b\u5b8c\u6574SQL&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">show<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">full<\/span> processlist<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260908031318-6a9f7d4e20367.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>Id        \u5f53\u524d\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7f16\u53f7<br \/>\nUser      \u7528\u6237<br \/>\nHost      \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6765\u6e90<br \/>\ndb        \u5f53\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93<br \/>\nCommand   \u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001<br \/>\nTime      \u72b6\u6001\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4<br \/>\nInfo      \u5f53\u524d\u6267\u884c\u7684SQL<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u7ec8\u6b62\u67d0\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">kill<\/span> id<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>4.3 \u6539&#xff1a;\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h3>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4fee\u6539&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6<br \/>\n\u6821\u9a8c\u89c4\u5219<\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">alter<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">database<\/span> db_name <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">default<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">charset<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span>charset_name<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">default<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">collate<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span>collation_name<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">alter<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">database<\/span> helloworld <span class=\"token keyword\">charset<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span>utf8mb4 <span class=\"token keyword\">collate<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span>utf8mb4_general_ci<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u6b21\u67e5\u770b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">show<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">create<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">database<\/span> helloworld<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260908031318-6a9f7d4e50ac0.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>4.4 \u5220&#xff1a;\u5220\u9664\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h3>\n<p>\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">drop<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">database<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">exists<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> db_name<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">drop<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">database<\/span> helloworld<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\u62a5\u9519&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">drop<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">database<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">exists<\/span> helloworld<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5220\u9664\u4ee5\u540e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u76ee\u5f55\u88ab\u5220\u9664<br \/>\n\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u8868\u4e5f\u5168\u90e8\u88ab\u5220\u9664<br \/>\n\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u81ea\u7136\u4e5f\u5168\u90e8\u6d88\u5931<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64 drop database \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5371\u9669\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/20260908031318-6a9f7d4e94848.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>5. \u8868\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h2>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u521b\u5efa\u5b8c\u6210\u4ee5\u540e&#xff0c;\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6700\u7ec8\u9700\u8981\u653e\u5230\u8868\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u76f8\u5173\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c5e\u4e8e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>DDL&#xff1a;Data Definition Language<\/p>\n<p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5b9a\u4e49\u8bed\u8a00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u540c\u6837\u6309\u7167&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u589e \u2192 \u67e5 \u2192 \u6539 \u2192 \u5220<\/p>\n<p>\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>5.1 \u589e&#xff1a;\u521b\u5efa\u8868<\/h3>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u8868\u4e4b\u524d\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">use<\/span> helloworld<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u8868\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">create<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">not<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">exists<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> table_name<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n    field1 datatype1 <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">comment<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u63cf\u8ff0&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n    field2 datatype2 <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">comment<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u63cf\u8ff0&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n    field3 datatype3 <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">comment<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u63cf\u8ff0&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">charset<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span>charset_name<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">collate<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span>collation_name<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">engine<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span>engine_name<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>field       \u5217\u540d<br \/>\ndatatype    \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<br \/>\ncharset     \u8868\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6<br \/>\ncollate     \u8868\u7684\u6821\u9a8c\u89c4\u5219<br \/>\nengine      \u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce<br \/>\ncomment     \u5b57\u6bb5\u8bf4\u660e<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">create<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> stu<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n    id <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n    name <span class=\"token keyword\">varchar<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">30<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n    gender <span class=\"token keyword\">varchar<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08aoz4nybpglx.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>5.1.1 \u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce<\/h4>\n<p>\u67e5\u770bMySQL\u652f\u6301\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">show<\/span> engines<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08nbo2rd2n101.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u76ee\u524d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u662f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>InnoDB<\/p>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u8868\u65f6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u5f0f\u6307\u5b9a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">create<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> stu<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n    id <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n    name <span class=\"token keyword\">varchar<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">30<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">engine<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">InnoDB<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u5219\u4f7f\u7528MySQL\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>5.1.2 \u521b\u5efa\u8868\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48<\/h4>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u8868\u4ee5\u540e&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u6b21\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7269\u7406\u76ee\u5f55&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">ls<\/span> \/var\/lib\/mysql\/helloworld\/<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08bbxxgbzff4j.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u8868\u662f\u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784&#xff0c;\u4f46\u6700\u7ec8\u4f9d\u7136\u9700\u8981\u7531\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u5c06\u5176\u6570\u636e\u843d\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65e7\u7248MySQL\u4e2d&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>InnoDB&#xff1a;<br \/>\nstu.frm    \u8868\u7ed3\u6784<br \/>\nstu.ibd    \u8868\u6570\u636e\u548c\u7d22\u5f15<\/p>\n<p>\u800cMySQL 8.0\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d6\u6d88 .frm \u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5c06\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u7b49\u5143\u6570\u636e\u7edf\u4e00\u653e\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5b57\u5178&#xff08;.ibd&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\u5b9e\u9645\u622a\u56fe\u65f6\u4ee5\u5f53\u524dMySQL\u7248\u672c\u4e3a\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>5.2 \u67e5&#xff1a;\u67e5\u770b\u8868<\/h3>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8868&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">show<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">tables<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08qvh5uhzlzr4.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u8868\u7ed3\u6784&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">desc<\/span> stu<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08evbdfmtbzcc.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u6210&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">describe<\/span> stu<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5e38\u89c1\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>Field      \u5b57\u6bb5\u540d<br \/>\nType       \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<br \/>\nNull       \u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8NULL<br \/>\nKey        \u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5<br \/>\nDefault    \u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c<br \/>\nExtra      \u989d\u5916\u5c5e\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u5b8c\u6574\u5efa\u8868\u8bed\u53e5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">show<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">create<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> student<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08wjq3ylncnim.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>5.3 \u6539&#xff1a;\u4fee\u6539\u8868<\/h3>\n<p>\u4fee\u6539\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u7edf\u4e00\u4f7f\u7528&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">alter<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u65b0\u589e\u5b57\u6bb5<\/h4>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">alter<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> stu <span class=\"token keyword\">add<\/span> age <span class=\"token keyword\">tinyint<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">unsigned<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08ci2ltn2mbuc.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5e0c\u671b\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u67d0\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u540e\u9762&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">alter<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> stu <span class=\"token keyword\">add<\/span> age <span class=\"token keyword\">tinyint<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">unsigned<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">after<\/span> name<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">alter<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> stu <span class=\"token keyword\">add<\/span> id <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">first<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>\u4fee\u6539\u5b57\u6bb5\u5c5e\u6027<\/h4>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">alter<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> stu <span class=\"token keyword\">modify<\/span> name <span class=\"token keyword\">varchar<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">50<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08dcliafjpp5g.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>modify \u4fee\u6539\u7684\u662f\u5b57\u6bb5\u5c5e\u6027&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>\u4fee\u6539\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d<\/h4>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">alter<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> stu change name student_name <span class=\"token keyword\">varchar<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">50<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-084jc0yt5l1ey.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>change \u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u4fee\u6539&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d<br \/>\n\u5b57\u6bb5\u5c5e\u6027<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u6bb5<\/h4>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">alter<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> stu <span class=\"token keyword\">drop<\/span> age<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-0813l35v1mzl2.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u6bb5\u4ee5\u540e&#xff0c;\u8be5\u5b57\u6bb5\u539f\u6709\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4e00\u8d77\u6d88\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>\u4fee\u6539\u8868\u540d<\/h4>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">alter<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> stu <span class=\"token keyword\">rename<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">to<\/span> student<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-080cs4d2ooz4p.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>5.4 \u5220&#xff1a;\u5220\u9664\u8868<\/h3>\n<p>\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">drop<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">exists<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> table_name<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">drop<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> student<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5220\u9664\u8868\u610f\u5473\u7740&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u6d88\u5931<br \/>\n&#043;<br \/>\n\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5168\u90e8\u6d88\u5931<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08vmsd4ro4vvp.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>6. \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u8868\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u4e0e\u6062\u590d<\/h2>\n<p>\u524d\u9762\u5df2\u7ecf\u628a\u5e93\u548c\u8868\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5b8c\u6bd5&#xff0c;\u4e0b\u9762\u518d\u6765\u770b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u548c\u6062\u590d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>MySQL\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5907\u4efd&#xff0c;\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5355\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u628a\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u8868\u3001\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7b49SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u4e00\u4e2aSQL\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6062\u590d\u65f6\u518d\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9bSQL\u91cd\u65b0\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u904d\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>6.1 \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5907\u4efd<\/h3>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5907\u4efd\u4f7f\u7528&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>mysqldump <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-h127.0.0.1<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-P3306<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-uroot<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-p<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-B<\/span> \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540d <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> \u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6.sql<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>mysqldump <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-h127.0.0.1<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-P3306<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-uroot<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-p<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-B<\/span> helloworld <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> helloworld.sql<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08fkhdkqp3fbo.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>mysqldump \u662fLinux\u547d\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u5728\u666e\u901a\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u6267\u884c&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728 mysql&gt; \u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u751f\u6210\u7684SQL\u6587\u4ef6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">less<\/span> helloworld.sql<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u5176\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5927\u91cfSQL\u8bed\u53e5\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>6.2 \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6062\u590d<\/h3>\n<p>\u8fdb\u5165MySQL&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>mysql <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-uroot<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-p<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>source <span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span>\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84<span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span>helloworld<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">sql<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>MySQL\u4f1a\u6309\u7167\u987a\u5e8f\u91cd\u65b0\u6267\u884c\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684SQL&#xff0c;\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u8868\u4ee5\u53ca\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u6062\u590d\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-081yc0xwpkqdp.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08aasxe5nu3q1.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>6.3 \u8868\u5907\u4efd<\/h3>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u5907\u4efd\u6574\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff0c;\u53ea\u60f3\u5907\u4efd\u5176\u4e2d\u51e0\u5f20\u8868&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>mysqldump <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-h127.0.0.1<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-P3306<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-uroot<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-p<\/span> \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540d \u88681 \u88682 <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> \u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6.sql<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>mysqldump <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-h127.0.0.1<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-P3306<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-uroot<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-p<\/span> helloworld student <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> table.sql<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08vqjezsr2u2n.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>6.4 \u8868\u6062\u590d<\/h3>\n<p>\u8868\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u6ca1\u6709&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">create<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">database<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">database<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\u6062\u590d\u8868\u4e4b\u524d&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u5148\u51c6\u5907\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">create<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">database<\/span> restore_test<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">use<\/span> restore_test<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u518d\u6267\u884c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>source <span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span>\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84<span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">sql<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6062\u590d\u5b8c\u6210\u540e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">show<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">tables<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5373\u53ef\u770b\u5230\u6062\u590d\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08ist3mqctsfa.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-081qi3dt44kny.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>7. MySQL\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/h2>\n<p>\u8868\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7ec4\u6210&#xff0c;\u800c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3b\u8981\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e09\u4ef6\u4e8b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u5e94\u8be5\u5360\u7528\u591a\u5c11\u7a7a\u95f4<br \/>\n\u6570\u636e\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u91ca<br \/>\n\u6570\u636e\u5141\u8bb8\u53d6\u4ec0\u4e48\u503c<\/p>\n<p>MySQL\u5e38\u89c1\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u5206\u7c7b\u5e38\u89c1\u7c7b\u578b<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6574\u6570<\/td>\n<td>tinyint\u3001smallint\u3001int\u3001bigint<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5c0f\u6570<\/td>\n<td>float\u3001double\u3001decimal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u4f4d<\/td>\n<td>bit<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/td>\n<td>char\u3001varchar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4<\/td>\n<td>date\u3001datetime\u3001timestamp<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/td>\n<td>enum\u3001set<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>7.1 BOOL<\/h3>\n<p>MySQL\u4e2d\u7684&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">bool<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">tinyint<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u7684\u540c\u4e49\u5199\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">create<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> test_bool<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n    flag <span class=\"token keyword\">bool<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">desc<\/span> test_bool<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-0805ys52ojic5.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5b9e\u9645\u7c7b\u578b\u4f1a\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a tinyint\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5e03\u5c14\u8bed\u4e49\u4e2d&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>0       false<br \/>\n\u975e0     true<\/p>\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f&#xff0c;tinyint(1) \u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u771f\u7684\u628a\u6570\u636e\u9650\u5236\u6210\u53ea\u80fd\u5b58 0 \u548c 1\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>7.2 TINYINT<\/h3>\n<p>tinyint \u5360\u75281\u5b57\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u7b26\u53f7\u8303\u56f4&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>-128 ~ 127<\/p>\n<p>\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u8303\u56f4&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>0 ~ 255<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">create<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> test<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n    num <span class=\"token keyword\">tinyint<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u63d2\u5165&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">insert<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">into<\/span> test <span class=\"token keyword\">values<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">127<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ee7\u7eed\u63d2\u5165&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">insert<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">into<\/span> test <span class=\"token keyword\">values<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">128<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5c06\u4f1a\u8d85\u51fa\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u3002<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08kwfima5mbnk.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">create<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> test_unsigned<br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n    num <span class=\"token keyword\">tinyint<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">unsigned<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u65f6\u8303\u56f4\u53d8\u6210&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>0 ~ 255<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08h0nqpnfme3x.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u672c\u8eab\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ea6\u675f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>tinyint\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u6574\u6570<br \/>\n\u540c\u65f6\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u6574\u6570\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u540e\u9762\u8868\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>7.3 BIT<\/h3>\n<p>bit \u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u4f4d\u6570\u636e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">bit<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>M<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>M\u8868\u793a\u4f4d\u6570<br \/>\n\u8303\u56f4\u4e3a1~64<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">create<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> test_bit<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n    num <span class=\"token keyword\">bit<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">8<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5e95\u5c42\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u662f\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u4f4d&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u76f4\u63a5\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6\u663e\u793a\u7ed3\u679c\u6709\u65f6\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f4\u89c2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u5408&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">select<\/span> num <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">from<\/span> test_bit<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5c06\u5176\u6309\u7167\u6570\u5b57\u67e5\u770b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08z3vkuyz4jvy.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>7.4 FLOAT\u548cDOUBLE<\/h3>\n<p>float \u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u5355\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">float<\/span><\/p>\n<p>double \u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u53cc\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">double<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u6700\u5927\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u5b58\u5728\u7cbe\u5ea6\u635f\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u662f\u666e\u901a\u5c0f\u6570&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 float \/ double\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8981\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u7edd\u5bf9\u7cbe\u786e&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u91d1\u989d<br \/>\n\u8d22\u52a1\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n<p>\u5219\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u4f7f\u7528 decimal\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>7.5 DECIMAL<\/h3>\n<p>decimal \u662f\u5b9a\u70b9\u6570&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">decimal<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>M<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> D<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>M    \u603b\u4f4d\u6570<br \/>\nD    \u5c0f\u6570\u4f4d\u6570<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>price <span class=\"token keyword\">decimal<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">8<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8868\u793a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u5171\u6700\u591a8\u4f4d<br \/>\n\u5176\u4e2d2\u4f4d\u4e3a\u5c0f\u6570<\/p>\n<p>decimal \u76f8\u6bd4 float \u6700\u5927\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u907f\u514d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6d6e\u70b9\u7cbe\u5ea6\u635f\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7cbe\u5ea6\u8981\u6c42\u4e0d\u9ad8     float \/ double<br \/>\n\u7cbe\u5ea6\u8981\u6c42\u5f88\u9ad8     decimal<\/p>\n<p>\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6bd4\u8f83\u5982\u4e0b:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08qhixmt044xj.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>8. \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b<\/h2>\n<h3>8.1 CHAR<\/h3>\n<p>char \u662f\u5b9a\u957f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">char<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>N<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>gender <span class=\"token keyword\">char<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u8c13\u5b9a\u957f&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u5b57\u6bb5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4ee5\u540e&#xff0c;\u5176\u6700\u5927\u5b57\u7b26\u957f\u5ea6\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9002\u5408\u957f\u5ea6\u6bd4\u8f83\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>8.2 VARCHAR<\/h3>\n<p>varchar \u662f\u53d8\u957f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">varchar<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>N<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>name <span class=\"token keyword\">varchar<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">30<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5b83\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u6570\u636e\u957f\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u957f\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>8.3 CHAR\u548cVARCHAR<\/h3>\n<p>\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>char       \u5b9a\u957f<br \/>\nvarchar    \u53d8\u957f<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u957f\u5ea6\u57fa\u672c\u56fa\u5b9a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>char\u66f4\u5408\u9002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u957f\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316\u5f88\u5927&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>varchar\u66f4\u5408\u9002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u6027\u522b\u3001\u56fa\u5b9a\u7f16\u53f7       char<\/p>\n<p>\u59d3\u540d\u3001\u5730\u5740\u3001\u6807\u9898     varchar<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>9. \u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u7c7b\u578b<\/h2>\n<h3>9.1 DATE<\/h3>\n<p>date \u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u65e5\u671f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>YYYY-MM-DD<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>birthday <span class=\"token keyword\">date<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6570\u636e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>2026-09-06<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>9.2 DATETIME<\/h3>\n<p>datetime \u4fdd\u5b58\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>create_time <span class=\"token keyword\">datetime<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6570\u636e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>2026-09-06 10:30:00<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>9.3 TIMESTAMP<\/h3>\n<p>timestamp \u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bb0\u5f55\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>create_time <span class=\"token keyword\">timestamp<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4<br \/>\n\u66f4\u65b0\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n<p>\u7b49\u65f6\u95f4\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<br \/>\n\u65e0\u9700\u63d2\u5165&#xff0c;\u81ea\u52a8\u83b7\u53d6<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>10. ENUM\u548cSET<\/h2>\n<h3>10.1 ENUM<\/h3>\n<p>enum \u662f\u679a\u4e3e\u7c7b\u578b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u63d0\u524d\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u503c\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>gender <span class=\"token keyword\">enum<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u7537&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u5973&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u65f6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u7537      \u53ef\u4ee5<br \/>\n\u5973      \u53ef\u4ee5<br \/>\n\u5176\u4ed6    \u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u679a\u4e3e\u5b9a\u4e49<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64 enum \u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u5355\u9009<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>10.2 SET<\/h3>\n<p>set \u540c\u6837\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u524d\u7ed9\u51fa\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u53d6\u503c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>hobby <span class=\"token keyword\">set<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u7bee\u7403&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u8db3\u7403&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u97f3\u4e50&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u7535\u5f71&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u4e0e enum \u4e0d\u540c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>enum    \u53ea\u80fd\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a<br \/>\nset     \u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u591a\u4e2a<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">insert<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">into<\/span> student <span class=\"token keyword\">values<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u5f20\u4e09&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u7bee\u7403,\u97f3\u4e50&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>11. \u8868\u7684\u7ea6\u675f<\/h2>\n<p>\u524d\u9762\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b&#xff0c;\u672c\u8eab\u5df2\u7ecf\u80fd\u591f\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>age <span class=\"token keyword\">tinyint<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">unsigned<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u89c4\u5b9a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u6574\u6570<br \/>\n\u4e0d\u80fd\u662f\u8d1f\u6570<br \/>\n\u8fd8\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d85\u8fc7tinyint unsigned\u7684\u8303\u56f4<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u4ecd\u7136\u6bd4\u8f83\u5355\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e2d\u8fd8\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u59d3\u540d\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a\u7a7a<br \/>\n\u5b66\u53f7\u4e0d\u80fd\u91cd\u590d<br \/>\n\u5e74\u9f84\u4e0d\u7ed9\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c<br \/>\nid\u81ea\u52a8\u589e\u957f<br \/>\n\u5b66\u751f\u5fc5\u987b\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u73ed\u7ea7<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64MySQL\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u989d\u5916\u7684\u8868\u7ea6\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>null \/ not null<br \/>\ndefault<br \/>\ncomment<br \/>\nzerofill<br \/>\nprimary key<br \/>\nauto_increment<br \/>\nunique<br \/>\nforeign key<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>11.1 NULL\u548cNOT NULL<\/h3>\n<p>MySQL\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u9ed8\u8ba4\u901a\u5e38\u5141\u8bb8\u4e3a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>NULL<\/p>\n<p>NULL \u8868\u793a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u524d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u672a\u77e5\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">select<\/span> <span class=\"token boolean\">null<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08405xj0gmtan.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5e76\u4e14&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">select<\/span> <span class=\"token boolean\">null<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08ddicdcnkipo.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u7ed3\u679c\u4ecd\u7136\u662f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>NULL<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u503c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7b97\u4ee5\u540e&#xff0c;\u7ed3\u679c\u4ecd\u7136\u65e0\u6cd5\u786e\u5b9a\u3002\/\/\u8fd9\u5757\u662f\u4e2a\u5751&#xff0c;\u4e0b\u7bc7\u89e3\u51b3\u5b83<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u4e3a\u7a7a&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token operator\">not<\/span> <span class=\"token boolean\">null<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">create<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> student<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n    name <span class=\"token keyword\">varchar<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">30<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">not<\/span> <span class=\"token boolean\">null<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08djwsvii2g40.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u65f6\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u4f9b name\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>11.2 DEFAULT<\/h3>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u5b83\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">default<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">create<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> student<br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n    name <span class=\"token keyword\">varchar<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">30<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n    age <span class=\"token keyword\">tinyint<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">unsigned<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">default<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">18<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u63d2\u5165&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">insert<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">into<\/span> student<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>name<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">values<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u5f20\u4e09&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed9 age&#xff0c;MySQL\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>18<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08r1rxxupll35.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>default     \u89e3\u51b3\u201c\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u503c\u65f6\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d<br \/>\nnot null    \u89e3\u51b3\u201c\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u663e\u5f0f\u51fa\u73b0NULL\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8c\u8005\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>11.3 COMMENT<\/h3>\n<p>comment \u7528\u4e8e\u7ed9\u5b57\u6bb5\u6dfb\u52a0\u8bf4\u660e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">create<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> student<br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n    id <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">comment<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u5b66\u53f7&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n    name <span class=\"token keyword\">varchar<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">30<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">comment<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u59d3\u540d&#039;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">show<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">create<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> student<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5373\u53ef\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u6bb5\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>comment \u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u4fbf&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458<br \/>\nDBA<br \/>\n\u7ef4\u62a4\u4eba\u5458<\/p>\n<p>\u7406\u89e3\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08yes4e2tibsn.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>11.4 ZEROFILL<\/h3>\n<p>zerofill \u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u6570\u503c\u663e\u793a\u5bbd\u5ea6\u4e0d\u8db3\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5728\u524d\u9762\u8865 0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\u65e7\u7248MySQL\u4e2d&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">create<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> test<br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n    num <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">5<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> zerofill<br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u63d2\u5165&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">insert<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">into<\/span> test <span class=\"token keyword\">values<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">12<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08rwgvk5cfapd.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u663e\u793a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>00012<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u5e95\u5c42\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ecd\u7136\u662f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>12<\/p>\n<p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>zerofill\u4e3b\u8981\u6539\u53d8\u663e\u793a\u6548\u679c&#xff0c;\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6539\u53d8\u771f\u5b9e\u6570\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8be5\u7279\u6027\u5728\u65b0\u7248MySQL\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u9010\u6e10\u5e9f\u5f03&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u89e3\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>11.5 PRIMARY KEY<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e3b\u952e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">primary<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">key<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u7528\u4e8e\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">create<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> student<br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n    id <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">unsigned<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">primary<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">key<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n    name <span class=\"token keyword\">varchar<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">30<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u952e\u5177\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u8981\u6c42&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u80fd\u91cd\u590d<br \/>\n\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a\u7a7a<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>id &#061; 1<br \/>\nid &#061; 2<br \/>\nid &#061; 3<\/p>\n<p>\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u518d\u6b21\u63d2\u5165&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>id &#061; 1<\/p>\n<p>\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e3b\u952e\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08fvdfpxfj250.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u5f20\u8868\u53ea\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u4e3b\u952e<\/h4>\n<p>\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8868\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e3b\u952e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">alter<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> student <span class=\"token keyword\">add<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">primary<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">key<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>id<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5220\u9664\u4e3b\u952e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">alter<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> student <span class=\"token keyword\">drop<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">primary<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">key<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08bygin0gg42e.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>\u590d\u5408\u4e3b\u952e<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e00\u5f20\u8868\u53ea\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u952e&#xff0c;\u4f46&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u952e\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u5171\u540c\u7ec4\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>IP &#043; PORT<\/p>\n<p>\u5171\u540c\u552f\u4e00\u786e\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">create<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> process<br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n    ip <span class=\"token keyword\">varchar<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">30<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n    port <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">unsigned<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n    info <span class=\"token keyword\">varchar<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">100<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">primary<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">key<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>ip<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> port<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u65f6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>ip\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u590d<br \/>\nport\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u590d<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46(ip, port)\u4e0d\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u91cd\u590d<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>192.168.1.1  8080<br \/>\n192.168.1.1  8081<br \/>\n192.168.1.2  8080<\/p>\n<p>\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>192.168.1.1  8080<br \/>\n192.168.1.1  8080<\/p>\n<p>\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u4e3b\u952e\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08abmatek2m2a.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>11.6 AUTO_INCREMENT<\/h3>\n<p>auto_increment \u8868\u793a\u5b57\u6bb5\u81ea\u52a8\u589e\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">create<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> student<br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n    id <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">unsigned<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">primary<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">key<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">auto_increment<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n    name <span class=\"token keyword\">varchar<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">30<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b id&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">insert<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">into<\/span> student<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>name<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">values<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u5f20\u4e09&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">insert<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">into<\/span> student<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>name<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">values<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u674e\u56db&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">insert<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">into<\/span> student<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>name<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">values<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u738b\u4e94&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>MySQL\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5f97\u5230&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>1 \u5f20\u4e09<br \/>\n2 \u674e\u56db<br \/>\n3 \u738b\u4e94<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08kjzzxmpkbn5.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u589e\u957f\u5b57\u6bb5\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u6ee1\u8db3&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u6570\u503c\u7c7b\u578b<br \/>\n\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aKey(\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e3b\u952e&#xff0c;\u540e\u9762\u8be6\u8c08)<br \/>\n\u4e00\u5f20\u8868\u53ea\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2aauto_increment\u5b57\u6bb5<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u5c31\u662f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>id <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">primary<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">key<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">auto_increment<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>11.7 UNIQUE<\/h3>\n<p>\u552f\u4e00\u952e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">unique<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u8bc1\u67d0\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u80fd\u91cd\u590d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">create<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> teacher<br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n    id <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">unsigned<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">primary<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">key<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">auto_increment<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n    sn <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">unsigned<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">unique<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n    name <span class=\"token keyword\">varchar<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">30<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>id    \u4f7f\u7528\u4e3b\u952e\u4fdd\u8bc1\u552f\u4e00<br \/>\nsn    \u4f7f\u7528unique\u4fdd\u8bc1\u552f\u4e00<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u952e\u548c\u552f\u4e00\u952e\u7684\u533a\u522b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5355\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>primary key<br \/>\n    \u552f\u4e00<br \/>\n    \u975e\u7a7a<br \/>\n    \u4e00\u5f20\u8868\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a<\/p>\n<p>unique<br \/>\n    \u552f\u4e00<br \/>\n    \u4e00\u5f20\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u4e2a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08vflv4ql5pv5.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>11.8 FOREIGN KEY<\/h3>\n<p>\u5916\u952e\u7528\u4e8e\u5efa\u7acb\u4e24\u5f20\u8868\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\u73b0\u5728\u6709&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u73ed\u7ea7\u8868<br \/>\n\u5b66\u751f\u8868<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u73ed\u7ea7&#xff0c;\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u73ed\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u73ed\u7ea7\u8868&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">create<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> class_table<br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n    class_id <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">primary<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">key<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n    class_name <span class=\"token keyword\">varchar<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">30<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u518d\u521b\u5efa\u5b66\u751f\u8868&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">create<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">table<\/span> student<br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n    id <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">primary<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">key<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n    name <span class=\"token keyword\">varchar<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">30<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n    class_id <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">foreign<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">key<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>class_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">references<\/span> class_table<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>class_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">foreign<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">key<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>class_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">references<\/span> class_table<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>class_id<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8868\u793a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>student.class_id<br \/>\n        |<br \/>\n        | \u5f15\u7528<br \/>\n        v<br \/>\nclass_table.class_id<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u7cfb\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4e3a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>class_table<br \/>\n&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-<br \/>\nclass_id   class_name<br \/>\n1          \u4e00\u73ed<br \/>\n2          \u4e8c\u73ed<br \/>\n3          \u4e09\u73ed<br \/>\n     ^<br \/>\n     |<br \/>\n     | foreign key<br \/>\n     |<br \/>\nstudent<br \/>\n&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-<br \/>\nid    name    class_id<br \/>\n1     \u5f20\u4e09       1<br \/>\n2     \u674e\u56db       2<br \/>\n3     \u738b\u4e94       1<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u73ed\u7ea7\u8868\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>class_id &#061; 10<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u5b66\u751f\u8868\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u968f\u610f\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c5e\u4e8e10\u73ed\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5916\u952e\u7ea6\u675f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e24\u5f20\u5b58\u5728\u5173\u8054\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8868&#xff0c;\u5176\u6570\u636e\u5173\u7cfb\u4e5f\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08hhfodygyv5w.png\" alt=\"\" \/><br \/>\n\u6ca1\u670999\u73ed\u88ab\u963b\u6b62<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"2026-09-08pqwt42jri0k.png\" alt=\"\" \/><br \/>\n\u5220\u9664\u6709\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u73ed\u7ea7\u88ab\u963b\u6b62<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>12. \u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<p>\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc&#xff0c;MySQL\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u4e3b\u7ebf\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u6765\u4e86&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>MySQL\u670d\u52a1\u5668<br \/>\n      \u2193<br \/>\n\u6570\u636e\u5e93<br \/>\n      \u2193<br \/>\n\u8868<br \/>\n      \u2193<br \/>\n\u5b57\u6bb5<br \/>\n      \u2193<br \/>\n\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<br \/>\n      \u2193<br \/>\n\u8868\u7ea6\u675f<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u7bc7\u4e3b\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u662f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u653e\u5728\u54ea\u91cc<br \/>\n        \u2193<br \/>\n\u8868\u5e94\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u5efa\u7acb<br \/>\n        \u2193<br \/>\n\u5b57\u6bb5\u5e94\u8be5\u5b58\u4ec0\u4e48<br \/>\n        \u2193<br \/>\n\u5b57\u6bb5\u5e94\u8be5\u9075\u5b88\u4ec0\u4e48\u89c4\u5219<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7\u6b63\u5f0f\u5f00\u59cb\u64cd\u4f5c\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>Create      \u65b0\u589e<br \/>\nRetrieve    \u67e5\u8be2<br \/>\nUpdate      \u4fee\u6539<br \/>\nDelete      \u5220\u9664<\/p>\n<p>\u7b80\u79f0&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>CRUD<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u57fa\u7840<br \/>\n1.1 \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93<br \/>\n\u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff08;Database&#xff09;\u5c31\u662f\u6309\u7167\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4ed3\u5e93\u3002<br \/>\n\u90a3\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u554a&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u5565\u4e0d\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u975e\u5f97\u8d39\u4e2a\u4e8c\u904d\u4e8b\u5462?<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u9010\u6e10\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898&#xff1a;<br 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