{"id":102204,"date":"2026-09-08T11:12:27","date_gmt":"2026-09-08T03:12:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/102204.html"},"modified":"2026-09-08T11:12:27","modified_gmt":"2026-09-08T03:12:27","slug":"linux-%e8%bf%90%e7%bb%b4%e5%85%a8%e5%a5%97%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e6%89%8b%e5%86%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/102204.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u8fd0\u7ef4\u5168\u5957\u547d\u4ee4\u624b\u518c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u9002\u7528：CentOS7\/8\u3001\u9e92\u9e9f Kylin V10\u3001Rocky\u3001Ubuntu；\u8986\u76d6\u65e5\u5e38\u8fd0\u7ef4\u3001\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u3001\u6743\u9650\u3001\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u538b\u7f29\u3001shell\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001\u3002 \u6807\u6ce8\u5e38\u7528\u2605，\u751f\u4ea7\u9ad8\u9891\u91cd\u70b9\u6807\u8bb0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u57fa\u7840\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f<\/h3>\n

uname -a # \u2605\u67e5\u770b\u5185\u6838\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u5168\u90e8\u4fe1\u606f
\nuname -r # \u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c
\ncat \/etc\/os-release # \u2605\u67e5\u770b\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u672c（\u9e92\u9e9f\u3001CentOS）
\nhostname # \u4e3b\u673a\u540d
\nhostnamectl set-hostname app01 # \u4fee\u6539\u4e3b\u673a\u540d
\nuptime # \u2605\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u8d1f\u8f7d
\ndate # \u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4
\ntimedatectl # \u2605\u65f6\u533a\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u6001
\ntimedatectl set-timezone Asia\/Shanghai # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e0a\u6d77\u65f6\u533a
\nwhoami # \u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237
\nwho # \u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237
\nw # \u2605\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237+\u8d1f\u8f7d
\nlast # \u767b\u5f55\u5386\u53f2
\nhistory # \u2605\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4
\nhistory -c # \u6e05\u7a7a\u5f53\u524d\u4f1a\u8bdd\u5386\u53f2<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e\u76ee\u5f55\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n

pwd # \u2605\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u8def\u5f84
\nls # \u5217\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6
\nls -l # \u2605\u8be6\u7ec6\u5217\u8868
\nls -la # \u2605\u542b\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6
\nls -lh # \u2605\u4eba\u6027\u5316\u5927\u5c0f\u663e\u793a
\nls -lt # \u6309\u65f6\u95f4\u6392\u5e8f
\ncd \/data # \u5207\u6362\u76ee\u5f55
\ncd .. # \u8fd4\u56de\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ea7
\ncd ~ # \u56de\u5230\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55
\ncd – # \u8fd4\u56de\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b21\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

mkdir test # \u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5939
\nmkdir -p \/data\/logs\/tomcat # \u2605\u9012\u5f52\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

rm file.txt # \u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6
\nrm -rf dir # \u2605\u5f3a\u5236\u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664（\u9ad8\u5371！\u8c28\u614e）<\/p>\n

cp a.txt \/tmp\/ # \u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6
\ncp -r dir1 dir2 # \u590d\u5236\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

mv old.txt new.txt # \u2605\u79fb\u52a8\/\u91cd\u547d\u540d<\/p>\n

touch file.txt # \u521b\u5efa\u7a7a\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

find \/data -name "*.log" # \u2605\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6
\nfind \/data -type f -size +100M # \u67e5\u627e\u5927\u4e8e100M\u6587\u4ef6
\nfind \/data -mtime -7 # 7\u5929\u5185\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

ln -s \/usr\/local\/tomcat9 \/tomcat # \u2605\u8f6f\u94fe\u63a5
\nln \u6e90 \u76ee\u6807 # \u786c\u94fe\u63a5<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u67e5\u770b\u7f16\u8f91<\/h3>\n

cat file.txt # \u5168\u90e8\u8f93\u51fa
\nmore file.txt # \u5206\u9875\u6d4f\u89c8
\nless file.txt # \u2605\u63a8\u8350\u5206\u9875\u67e5\u770b，q\u9000\u51fa
\nhead -n20 file.txt # \u2605\u770b\u524d20\u884c
\ntail -n20 file.txt # \u2605\u770b\u672b\u5c3e20\u884c
\ntail -f catalina.out # \u2605\u5b9e\u65f6\u8ddf\u8e2a\u65e5\u5fd7
\ntail -F catalina.out # \u2605\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f6e\u8f6c\u4e5f\u53ef\u8ddf\u8e2a<\/p>\n

grep "error" catalina.out # \u2605\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5173\u952e\u5b57
\ngrep -i "error" catalina.out # \u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199
\ngrep -v "info" catalina.out # \u6392\u9664\u5339\u914d\u884c
\ngrep -rn "Exception" \/data\/tomcat # \u2605\u9012\u5f52\u76ee\u5f55\u641c\u7d22\u5173\u952e\u5b57<\/p>\n

vi \/etc\/profile # vi\u7f16\u8f91\u5668
\n# vi\u5feb\u6377\u952e
\ni # \u7f16\u8f91
\nesc # \u9000\u51fa\u7f16\u8f91
\n:w # \u4fdd\u5b58
\n:q # \u9000\u51fa
\n:wq # \u2605\u4fdd\u5b58\u9000\u51fa
\n:q! # \u2605\u5f3a\u5236\u4e0d\u4fdd\u5b58\u9000\u51fa
\ndd # \u5220\u9664\u4e00\u884c
\nyy # \u590d\u5236\u4e00\u884c
\np # \u7c98\u8d34
\n\/\u5173\u952e\u8bcd # \u5411\u4e0b\u641c\u7d22
\n?\u5173\u952e\u8bcd # \u5411\u4e0a\u641c\u7d22
\nset nu # \u663e\u793a\u884c\u53f7<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u6743\u9650 & \u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n

id # \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237uid gid
\nuseradd tomcat # \u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237
\nuserdel -r tomcat # \u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237+\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55
\npasswd tomcat # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801<\/p>\n

usermod -aG wheel tomcat # \u6dfb\u52a0\u5230sudo\u7ec4<\/p>\n

chmod 755 run.sh # \u2605\u4fee\u6539\u6743\u9650
\nchmod +x run.sh # \u2605\u589e\u52a0\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650<\/p>\n

chown tomcat:tomcat \/data\/tomcat9 -R # \u2605\u9012\u5f52\u4fee\u6539\u5c5e\u4e3b\u5c5e\u7ec4<\/p>\n

su – tomcat # \u2605\u5207\u6362\u7528\u6237，\u52a0\u8f7d\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf
\nsudo command # \u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6267\u884c<\/p>\n

# \u6743\u9650\u6570\u5b57\u8bb0\u5fc6
\n# r=4 w=2 x=1
\n# 755：rwxr-xr-x
\n# 644：rw-r–r–<\/p>\n

\u4e94\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4<\/h3>\n

df -h # \u2605\u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u533a\u4f7f\u7528
\ndf -i # inode\u4f7f\u7528
\ndu -sh * # \u2605\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u5404\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f
\ndu -sh \/data # \u76ee\u5f55\u603b\u5927\u5c0f
\ndu -sh \/data\/* | sort -hr # \u2605\u6309\u5927\u5c0f\u6392\u5e8f，\u627e\u5927\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

lsblk # \u67e5\u770b\u5757\u8bbe\u5907
\nfdisk -l # \u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u533a
\nmount \/dev\/sdb1 \/data # \u6302\u8f7d
\numount \/data # \u5378\u8f7d
\nblkid # \u83b7\u53d6UUID
\ncat \/etc\/fstab # \u2605\u5f00\u673a\u6302\u8f7d\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

\u516d\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001CPU<\/h3>\n

top # \u2605\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u76d1\u63a7
\n# top\u5feb\u6377\u952e
\nP \u6309CPU\u6392\u5e8f
\nM \u6309\u5185\u5b58\u6392\u5e8f
\nq \u9000\u51fa<\/p>\n

htop # \u589e\u5f3atop（\u9700\u5b89\u88c5）
\nfree -h # \u2605\u5185\u5b58\u3001swap
\nps -ef # \u2605\u67e5\u770b\u5168\u90e8\u8fdb\u7a0b
\nps aux # \u8fdb\u7a0b\u8be6\u7ec6
\nps -ef | grep tomcat # \u2605\u8fc7\u6ee4\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n

pgrep -f tomcat # \u83b7\u53d6\u8fdb\u7a0bPID<\/p>\n

kill 1234 # \u6b63\u5e38\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b
\nkill -9 1234 # \u2605\u5f3a\u5236\u6740\u8fdb\u7a0b（\u5c3d\u91cf\u5c11\u7528）<\/p>\n

nice \/ renice # \u8c03\u6574\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<\/p>\n

# \u67e5\u770b\u7ebf\u7a0b
\nps -T -p PID
\ntop -Hp PID<\/p>\n

\u4e03\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n

ip addr # \u2605\u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u5361IP
\nifconfig # \u8001\u5de5\u5177
\nip route # \u8def\u7531\u8868
\nroute -n<\/p>\n

ping 192.168.1.100 # ping\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fde\u901a
\ntelnet 192.168.1.100 8080 # \u2605\u7aef\u53e3\u8fde\u901a\u6d4b\u8bd5
\ncurl -v http:\/\/127.0.0.1:8080 # \u2605\u8bbf\u95eehttp\u670d\u52a1
\nwget url # \u4e0b\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

netstat -tulnp # \u2605\u67e5\u770b\u76d1\u542c\u7aef\u53e3（\u9700net-tools）
\nss -tulnp # \u2605\u66ff\u4ee3netstat，\u6027\u80fd\u66f4\u597d
\nss -s # \u7edf\u8ba1\u8fde\u63a5\u6570<\/p>\n

# \u9632\u706b\u5899 firewalld(CentOS\/\u9e92\u9e9fV10)
\nfirewall-cmd –list-all
\nfirewall-cmd –add-port=8080\/tcp –permanent
\nfirewall-cmd –reload
\nsystemctl status firewalld
\nsystemctl stop firewalld<\/p>\n

# ubuntu ufw
\nufw status
\nufw allow 8080
\nufw reload<\/p>\n

# DNS
\ncat \/etc\/resolv.conf
\nnslookup baidu.com
\ndig baidu.com<\/p>\n

# \u6293\u5305
\ntcpdump -i any port 8080 -w test.pcap
\ntcpdump -i eth0 host 192.168.1.10<\/p>\n

\u516b\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406 systemd（CentOS7+\/ \u9e92\u9e9f V10）<\/h3>\n

systemctl list-unit-files –type=service # \u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n

systemctl start tomcat # \u2605\u542f\u52a8
\nsystemctl stop tomcat # \u2605\u505c\u6b62
\nsystemctl restart tomcat # \u2605\u91cd\u542f
\nsystemctl status tomcat # \u2605\u67e5\u770b\u72b6\u6001
\nsystemctl enable tomcat # \u2605\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u542f
\nsystemctl disable tomcat # \u53d6\u6d88\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u542f
\nsystemctl daemon-reload # \u2605\u4fee\u6539service\u540e\u91cd\u8f7d<\/p>\n

journalctl -u tomcat -f # \u2605\u67e5\u770bsystemd\u670d\u52a1\u65e5\u5fd7\u5b9e\u65f6
\njournalctl -u tomcat –since "2026-09-07 10:00:00" # \u6307\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u65e5\u5fd7<\/p>\n

\u4e5d\u3001\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n

YUM（CentOS \/ Kylin V10）<\/h4>\n

yum list installed # \u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u5305
\nyum search xxx
\nyum install -y xxx # \u2605\u5b89\u88c5
\nyum remove -y xxx # \u5378\u8f7d
\nyum update -y # \u66f4\u65b0
\nyum clean all # \u6e05\u7406\u7f13\u5b58<\/p>\n

yum install -y net-tools lsof wget vim telnet tcpdump<\/p>\n

APT（Ubuntu）<\/h4>\n

apt update
\napt install -y xxx
\napt remove xxx
\napt list –installed<\/p>\n

RPM（\u672c\u5730\u5305）<\/h4>\n

rpm -ivh xxx.rpm # \u5b89\u88c5rpm\u5305
\nrpm -qa | grep java # \u67e5\u8be2\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5
\nrpm -e xxx # \u5378\u8f7d<\/p>\n

\u5341\u3001\u538b\u7f29\u89e3\u538b<\/h3>\n

# tar.gz \u6700\u5e38\u7528
\ntar -zcvf app.tar.gz \/data\/app # \u2605\u538b\u7f29
\ntar -zxvf app.tar.gz -C \/tmp # \u2605\u89e3\u538b\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

# tar.bz2
\ntar -jcvf xxx.tar.bz2 dir
\ntar -jxvf xxx.tar.bz2<\/p>\n

# zip\/unzip
\nzip -r app.zip \/data\/app
\nunzip app.zip -d \/tmp<\/p>\n

gzip file
\ngunzip file.gz<\/p>\n

\u5341\u4e00\u3001\u6587\u672c\u5904\u7406（sed awk sort cut）<\/h3>\n

cut -d: -f1 \/etc\/passwd # \u6309:\u5206\u5272\u53d6\u7b2c1\u5217
\nsort file.txt # \u6392\u5e8f
\nsort -hr # \u4eba\u7c7b\u6570\u5b57\u5927\u5c0f\u6392\u5e8f
\nuniq -c # \u53bb\u91cd\u7edf\u8ba1\u884c\u6570<\/p>\n

sed -i 's\/old\/new\/g' a.txt # \u2605sed\u66ff\u6362\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9
\nsed -i '\/^#\/d' file.conf # \u5220\u9664#\u5f00\u5934\u884c<\/p>\n

awk '{print $1,$3}' test.txt # \u2605awk\u6253\u5370\u7b2c1\u30013\u5217
\nawk '\/error\/{print}' log.txt # \u5339\u914d\u884c\u8f93\u51fa<\/p>\n

\u5341\u4e8c\u3001\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1 cron<\/h3>\n

crontab -e # \u2605\u7f16\u8f91\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1
\ncrontab -l # \u2605\u67e5\u770b\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1
\ncrontab -r # \u5220\u9664\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1<\/p>\n

# cron\u683c\u5f0f \u5206 \u65f6 \u65e5 \u6708 \u5468
\n# 0 2 * * * \/bin\/sh \/data\/backup.sh >>\/data\/backup.log 2>&1
\n# \u6bcf\u5929\u51cc\u66682\u70b9\u6267\u884c\u811a\u672c<\/p>\n

systemctl status crond # centos
\nsystemctl status cron # ubuntu<\/p>\n

\u5341\u4e09\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u8bd5\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5<\/h3>\n

lsof -i :8080 # \u2605\u67e5\u770b\u54ea\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u75288080\u7aef\u53e3
\nlsof | grep deleted # \u2605\u67e5\u627e\u5df2\u5220\u9664\u672a\u91ca\u653e\u6587\u4ef6（\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0d\u91ca\u653e）<\/p>\n

vmstat 1 # \u2605\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001\u6bcf\u79d2\u8f93\u51fa
\niostat -x 1 # \u2605\u78c1\u76d8IO\u76d1\u63a7
\nsar -n DEV 1 # \u2605\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u76d1\u63a7<\/p>\n

dmesg # \u2605\u5185\u6838\u65e5\u5fd7，\u786c\u4ef6\u3001OOM\u62a5\u9519
\ndmesg | grep -i oom<\/p>\n

cat \/var\/log\/messages # \u2605\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7 centos\/\u9e92\u9e9f
\ncat \/var\/log\/syslog # ubuntu<\/p>\n

# OOM\u67e5\u770b
\ngrep -i oom-killer \/var\/log\/messages<\/p>\n

\u5341\u56db\u3001\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4f20\u8f93<\/h3>\n

ssh root@192.168.1.100 # ssh\u767b\u5f55<\/p>\n

scp \/data\/file.tar.gz root@192.168.1.100:\/tmp # \u2605\u672c\u5730\u4f20\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0b
\nscp root@192.168.1.100:\/tmp\/file.tar.gz .\/ # \u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5230\u672c\u5730<\/p>\n

# rsync\u589e\u91cf\u540c\u6b65（\u751f\u4ea7\u5907\u4efd）
\nrsync -avz \/data\/ root@192.168.1.100:\/backup\/<\/p>\n

\u5341\u4e94\u3001\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/h3>\n

env # \u67e5\u770b\u5168\u90e8\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf
\necho $JAVA_HOME # \u6253\u5370\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n

# \u5168\u5c40\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf
\n\/etc\/profile # \u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u52a0\u8f7d
\n\/etc\/bashrc # shell\u6253\u5f00\u52a0\u8f7d
\n~\/.bash_profile # \u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237
\n~\/.bashrc # \u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237shell<\/p>\n

source \/etc\/profile # \u2605\u751f\u6548\u914d\u7f6e
\nexport JAVA_HOME=\/xxx # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n

\u5341\u516d\u3001shell \u811a\u672c\u5e38\u7528\u5185\u7f6e<\/h3>\n

$0 #\u811a\u672c\u540d
\n$1 $2 #\u7b2c1\u30012\u4f20\u5165\u53c2\u6570
\n$# #\u53c2\u6570\u4e2a\u6570
\n$? # \u2605\u4e0a\u4e00\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd4\u56de\u503c，0\u6210\u529f\u975e0\u5931\u8d25<\/p>\n

&& # \u524d\u9762\u6210\u529f\u624d\u6267\u884c\u540e\u9762
\n|| # \u524d\u9762\u5931\u8d25\u6267\u884c\u540e\u9762
\n; # \u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c<\/p>\n

# \u5224\u65ad\u793a\u4f8b
\nif [ $? -eq 0 ];then echo ok;fi<\/p>\n

\u5341\u4e03\u3001\u5feb\u6377\u5b9e\u7528\u5c0f\u6280\u5de7<\/h3>\n

!123 # \u6267\u884chistory\u7f16\u53f7123\u547d\u4ee4
\n!! # \u91cd\u590d\u4e0a\u4e00\u6761\u547d\u4ee4
\nctrl + c # \u7ec8\u6b62\u5f53\u524d\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f
\nctrl + z # \u6302\u8d77\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5230\u540e\u53f0
\njobs # \u540e\u53f0\u4efb\u52a1
\nbg %1 # \u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c
\nfg %1 # \u5207\u56de\u524d\u53f0<\/p>\n

> log.txt # \u2605\u6e05\u7a7a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9（\u4e0d\u8981rm，\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u5360\u7528\u65f6rm\u4e0d\u91ca\u653e\u7a7a\u95f4）<\/p>\n

\u5341\u516b\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5\u901f\u67e5\u6e05\u5355（\u547d\u4ee4\u7ec4\u5408）<\/h3>\n
  • \u78c1\u76d8\u6ee1<\/li>\n

    df -h # \u67e5\u770b\u5404\u4e2a\u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u533a\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u3001\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9，-h\u4eba\u6027\u5316\u663e\u793a\u5355\u4f4dGB\/MB
    \ndu -sh \/* | sort -hr # \u7edf\u8ba1\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u76ee\u5f55\u603b\u5927\u5c0f，sort -hr\u6309\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u4ece\u5927\u5230\u5c0f\u6392\u5e8f，\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5927\u76ee\u5f55
    \nlsof | grep deleted # \u67e5\u627e\u5df2\u7ecf\u88abrm\u5220\u9664，\u4f46\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd8\u6301\u6709\u53e5\u67c4\u672a\u91ca\u653e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6；\u6587\u4ef6\u5220\u9664\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u91ca\u653e\u5fc5\u67e5<\/p>\n

  • \u7aef\u53e3\u5360\u7528<\/li>\n

    ss -tulnp |grep 8080 # ss：\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177；-t tcp，-u udp，-l\u76d1\u542c\u7aef\u53e3，-n\u6570\u5b57\u4e0d\u89e3\u6790\u4e3b\u673a\u540d，-p\u663e\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0bPID；\u8fc7\u6ee48080，\u67e5\u54ea\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u76d1\u542c\u8be5\u7aef\u53e3
    \nlsof -i :8080 # lsof(list open files)，-i\u6307\u5b9a\u7f51\u7edc；\u67e5\u8be2\u5360\u75288080\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0bPID\u3001\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n

  • \u8fdb\u7a0b CPU \u9ad8<\/li>\n

    top # \u7cfb\u7edf\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u9762\u677f，\u67e5\u770b\u6574\u4f53CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58，\u6309P\u53ef\u6309CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u6392\u5e8f，M\u6309\u5185\u5b58\u6392\u5e8f
    \nps -efH # -e\u5168\u90e8\u8fdb\u7a0b，-f\u5b8c\u6574\u683c\u5f0f，-H\u663e\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7236\u5b50\u6811\u5173\u7cfb；\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7236\u5b50\u5173\u7cfb，\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e1a\u52a1\u8fdb\u7a0bPID
    \ntop -Hp PID # -H\u663e\u793a\u7ebf\u7a0b，-p\u6307\u5b9aPID；\u67e5\u770b\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5185\u90e8\u5404\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0bCPU\u5360\u7528，\u5b9a\u4f4dJava\u7b49\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9ad8CPU\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/p>\n

  • \u5185\u5b58\u5f02\u5e38<\/li>\n

    free -h # \u67e5\u770b\u603b\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u5df2\u7528\u3001\u7a7a\u95f2\u3001\u7f13\u5b58buffer\/cache\u3001swap\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5
    \nvmstat 1 # \u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7edf\u8ba1，\u6bcf\u79d2\u5237\u65b01\u6b21；\u89c2\u5bdfsi(\u6362\u5165)\u3001so(\u6362\u51fa)，\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\u53d1\u751fswap\u4ea4\u6362
    \ndmesg |grep -i oom # dmesg\u8bfb\u53d6\u5185\u6838\u73af\u5f62\u65e5\u5fd7；\u8fc7\u6ee4OOM Killer\u65e5\u5fd7，OOM\u5373\u5185\u5b58\u6ea2\u51fa，\u5185\u6838\u6740\u6389\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65f6\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u8bb0\u5f55<\/p>\n

  • \u65e5\u5fd7\u62a5\u9519<\/li>\n

    tail -f xxx.log # -f\u5b9e\u65f6\u8ddf\u8e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u8f93\u51fa；\u52a8\u6001\u770b\u5e94\u7528\u6eda\u52a8\u65e5\u5fd7，\u4e2d\u65ad\u6309Ctrl+C
    \ngrep -i error xxx.log # -i\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199；\u5728\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7b5b\u9009\u6240\u6709\u5305\u542berror\u7684\u62a5\u9519\u884c
    \njournalctl -u \u670d\u52a1\u540d -f # -u\u6307\u5b9asystemd\u670d\u52a1\u5355\u5143，-f\u5b9e\u65f6\u8ddf\u8e2a；\u67e5\u770bsystemd\u6258\u7ba1\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7（\u5982tomcat.service）<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u9002\u7528：CentOS7\/8\u3001\u9e92\u9e9f Kylin V10\u3001Rocky\u3001Ubuntu；\u8986\u76d6\u65e5\u5e38\u8fd0\u7ef4\u3001\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u3001\u6743\u9650\u3001\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u538b\u7f29\u3001shell\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001\u3002 \u6807\u6ce8\u5e38\u7528\u2605，\u751f\u4ea7\u9ad8\u9891\u91cd\u70b9\u6807\u8bb0\u3002\u4e00\u3001\u57fa\u7840\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606funame -a # \u2605\u67e5\u770b\u5185\u6838\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u5168\u90e8\u4fe1\u606f
    \nuname -r # \u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c
    \ncat \/etc\/os-release # \u2605\u67e5\u770b\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u672c&#xff0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[99,58,43],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-102204","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-java","tag-linux","tag-43"],"yoast_head":"\nLinux \u8fd0\u7ef4\u5168\u5957\u547d\u4ee4\u624b\u518c - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/102204.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Linux \u8fd0\u7ef4\u5168\u5957\u547d\u4ee4\u624b\u518c - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u9002\u7528：CentOS7\/8\u3001\u9e92\u9e9f Kylin V10\u3001Rocky\u3001Ubuntu；\u8986\u76d6\u65e5\u5e38\u8fd0\u7ef4\u3001\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u3001\u6743\u9650\u3001\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u538b\u7f29\u3001shell\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001\u3002 \u6807\u6ce8\u5e38\u7528\u2605，\u751f\u4ea7\u9ad8\u9891\u91cd\u70b9\u6807\u8bb0\u3002\u4e00\u3001\u57fa\u7840\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606funame -a # \u2605\u67e5\u770b\u5185\u6838\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u5168\u90e8\u4fe1\u606f uname -r # \u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c cat \/etc\/os-release # \u2605\u67e5\u770b\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u672c&#xff0\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/102204.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-09-08T03:12:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u4f5c\u8005\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 \u5206\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/102204.html\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/102204.html\",\"name\":\"Linux \u8fd0\u7ef4\u5168\u5957\u547d\u4ee4\u624b\u518c - 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\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/102204.html","og_locale":"zh_CN","og_type":"article","og_title":"Linux \u8fd0\u7ef4\u5168\u5957\u547d\u4ee4\u624b\u518c - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","og_description":"\u9002\u7528：CentOS7\/8\u3001\u9e92\u9e9f Kylin V10\u3001Rocky\u3001Ubuntu；\u8986\u76d6\u65e5\u5e38\u8fd0\u7ef4\u3001\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u3001\u6743\u9650\u3001\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u538b\u7f29\u3001shell\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001\u3002 \u6807\u6ce8\u5e38\u7528\u2605，\u751f\u4ea7\u9ad8\u9891\u91cd\u70b9\u6807\u8bb0\u3002\u4e00\u3001\u57fa\u7840\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606funame -a # \u2605\u67e5\u770b\u5185\u6838\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u5168\u90e8\u4fe1\u606f uname -r # \u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c cat \/etc\/os-release # \u2605\u67e5\u770b\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u672c&#xff0","og_url":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/102204.html","og_site_name":"\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","article_published_time":"2026-09-08T03:12:27+00:00","author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u4f5c\u8005":"admin","\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4":"4 \u5206"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/102204.html","url":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/102204.html","name":"Linux \u8fd0\u7ef4\u5168\u5957\u547d\u4ee4\u624b\u518c - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#website"},"datePublished":"2026-09-08T03:12:27+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-08T03:12:27+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/358e386c577a3ab51c4493330a20ad41"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/102204.html#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"zh-Hans","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/102204.html"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/102204.html#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u9996\u9875","item":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Linux \u8fd0\u7ef4\u5168\u5957\u547d\u4ee4\u624b\u518c"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/","name":"\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","description":"\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668_\u9999\u6e2f\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d44\u8baf_\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e2e\u52a9\u6587\u6863_\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6559\u7a0b","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"zh-Hans"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/358e386c577a3ab51c4493330a20ad41","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"zh-Hans","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/gravatar.wp-china-yes.net\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mystery","contentUrl":"https:\/\/gravatar.wp-china-yes.net\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mystery","caption":"admin"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/wp.wsisp.com"],"url":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/author\/admin"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/102204","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=102204"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/102204\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=102204"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=102204"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=102204"},{"taxonomy":"topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic?post=102204"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}