{"id":102198,"date":"2026-09-08T10:49:22","date_gmt":"2026-09-08T02:49:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/102198.html"},"modified":"2026-09-08T10:49:22","modified_gmt":"2026-09-08T02:49:22","slug":"android-%e5%b8%b8%e8%80%83%e9%9d%a2%e8%af%95%e9%a2%98%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8e%e5%9b%9b%e5%a4%a7%e7%bb%84%e4%bb%b6%e5%88%b0%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e4%bc%98%e5%8c%96%ef%bc%8c%e4%b8%80%e7%af%87","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/102198.html","title":{"rendered":"Android \u5e38\u8003\u9762\u8bd5\u9898\u8be6\u89e3\uff1a\u4ece\u56db\u5927\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5230\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u4e00\u7bc7\u5403\u900f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u524d\u8a00：Android \u9762\u8bd5\u8003\u4ec0\u4e48？<\/h3>\n

Android \u9762\u8bd5\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u7ed3\u6784\u662f：Java\/Kotlin \u57fa\u7840 \u2192 Android \u56db\u5927\u7ec4\u4ef6 \u2192 \u6d88\u606f\u673a\u5236 \u2192 View \u4f53\u7cfb \u2192 \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316 \u2192 \u9879\u76ee\u6df1\u6316\u3002\u5176\u4e2d Android \u7279\u6709\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4e2d\u95f4\u4e09\u5757，\u4e5f\u662f\u672c\u6587\u91cd\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b 25 \u9053\u9ad8\u9891\u9898\u6309\u6a21\u5757\u6574\u7406，\u6bcf\u9898\u7ed9\u51fa\u6807\u51c6\u7b54\u6848 + \u8ffd\u95ee\u70b9，\u80cc\u719f\u80fd\u8986\u76d6 80% \u7684\u4e00\u4e8c\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u56db\u5927\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/h3>\n

Q1：Activity \u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f？\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u5462？<\/h4>\n

\u6807\u51c6\u7b54\u6848：<\/p>\n

\u6b63\u5e38\u542f\u52a8：onCreate \u2192 onStart \u2192 onResume
\n\u9000\u5230\u540e\u53f0：onPause \u2192 onStop
\n\u56de\u5230\u524d\u53f0：onRestart \u2192 onStart \u2192 onResume
\n\u9500\u6bc1： onPause \u2192 onStop \u2192 onDestroy<\/p>\n

\u5f02\u5e38\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f（\u6a2a\u7ad6\u5c4f\u5207\u6362）：
\nActivity \u88ab\u9500\u6bc1\u91cd\u5efa，\u8d70 onPause \u2192 onStop \u2192 onSaveInstanceState \u2192 onDestroy \u2192 onCreate \u2192 onStart \u2192 onRestoreInstanceState \u2192 onResume\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6570\u636e\u4fdd\u5b58：\u5728 onSaveInstanceState(Bundle) \u91cc\u5b58\u4e34\u65f6\u6570\u636e，onCreate \/ onRestoreInstanceState \u91cc\u6062\u590d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8ffd\u95ee\u70b9：onPause \u91cc\u80fd\u505a\u8017\u65f6\u64cd\u4f5c\u5417？\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u80fd，\u65b0 Activity \u7684 onResume \u8981\u7b49\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a onPause \u6267\u884c\u5b8c（\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u5982\u6b64），\u5361\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f1a\u6389\u5e27\u3002<\/p>\n

Q2：Activity \u7684\u56db\u79cd\u542f\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f？<\/h4>\n\n\u6a21\u5f0f\u884c\u4e3a\u5178\u578b\u573a\u666f<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
standard<\/td>\n\u6bcf\u6b21\u65b0\u5efa\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5165\u6808<\/td>\n\u9ed8\u8ba4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
singleTop<\/td>\n\u6808\u9876\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u590d\u7528（\u8d70 onNewIntent）<\/td>\n\u63a8\u9001\u8be6\u60c5\u9875，\u9632\u8fde\u70b9\u5f00 N \u4e2a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
singleTask<\/td>\n\u6808\u5185\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u6e05\u5176\u4e0a\u6240\u6709 Activity<\/td>\n\u4e3b\u9875<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
singleInstance<\/td>\n\u72ec\u5360\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u6808<\/td>\n\u901a\u8bdd\u3001\u6765\u7535\u9875<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u8ffd\u95ee\u70b9：singleTask + \u4e0d\u540c\u4efb\u52a1\u6808（taskAffinity）\u7684\u884c\u4e3a；onNewIntent \u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u987a\u5e8f（onNewIntent \u2192 onRestart \u2192 onStart \u2192 onResume）\u3002<\/p>\n

Q3：Service \u7684 startService \u548c bindService \u533a\u522b？<\/h4>\n\n\u7ef4\u5ea6startServicebindService<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f<\/td>\nonCreate \u2192 onStartCommand，\u9700\u4e3b\u52a8 stopSelf\/stopService<\/td>\nonCreate \u2192 onBind \u2192 onUnbind \u2192 onDestroy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4e0e\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u5173\u7cfb<\/td>\n\u65e0\u5173\u8054，\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u9500\u6bc1 Service \u8fd8\u6d3b\u7740<\/td>\n\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5171\u5b58\u4ea1，\u53ef\u62ff\u5230 IBinder \u901a\u4fe1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u7528\u9014<\/td>\n\u540e\u53f0\u4e0b\u8f7d\u3001\u64ad\u653e<\/td>\n\u4e0e Activity \u4ea4\u4e92（\u5982\u97f3\u4e50\u8fdb\u5ea6\u6761）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u8ffd\u95ee\u70b9：Android 8.0 \u540e\u53f0 Service \u9650\u5236 \u2192 \u524d\u53f0\u670d\u52a1（startForeground + \u901a\u77e5）；\u4fdd\u6d3b\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9760 Service \u9760\u4e0d\u4f4f\u3002<\/p>\n

Q4：\u5e7f\u64ad\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u5e7f\u64ad\u548c\u65e0\u5e8f\u5e7f\u64ad？<\/h4>\n
    \n
  • \u666e\u901a\u5e7f\u64ad（sendBroadcast）：\u5f02\u6b65，\u6240\u6709\u63a5\u6536\u8005\u51e0\u4e4e\u540c\u65f6\u6536\u5230，\u4e0d\u53ef\u62e6\u622a\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u6709\u5e8f\u5e7f\u64ad（sendOrderedBroadcast）：\u6309\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4f9d\u6b21\u4f20\u9012，\u53ef abortBroadcast() \u622a\u65ad\u3001\u53ef\u4fee\u6539\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u672c\u5730\u5e7f\u64ad（LocalBroadcastManager）：\u4ec5\u5e94\u7528\u5185，\u5b89\u5168\u9ad8\u6548（\u5b98\u65b9\u5df2\u5e9f\u5f03，\u63a8\u8350\u7528 EventBus\/Flow \u66ff\u4ee3）\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u8ffd\u95ee\u70b9：\u9759\u6001\u6ce8\u518c\u5e7f\u64ad\u5728 Android 8.0 \u540e\u7684\u9650\u5236（\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e7f\u64ad\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u52a8\u6001\u6ce8\u518c）\u3002<\/p>\n

    Q5：ContentProvider \u7684\u4f5c\u7528？<\/h4>\n

    \u8de8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u636e\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u5e95\u5c42\u57fa\u4e8e Binder，\u901a\u8fc7 URI \u5b9a\u4f4d\u6570\u636e（content:\/\/com.app.provider\/user\/1）\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8ffd\u95ee\u70b9：\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u542f\u52a8 App \u65f6 ContentProvider \u7684 onCreate \u5148\u4e8e Application.onCreate？（initOrder \u91cc installContentProviders \u5148\u6267\u884c）\u2014\u2014\u9ad8\u9891\u51b7\u95e8\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u4e09\u3001\u6d88\u606f\u673a\u5236：Handler \u5fc5\u8003\u4e94\u8fde<\/h3>\n

    Q6：Handler \u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406？<\/h4>\n

    \u6807\u51c6\u7b54\u6848（\u5fc5\u987b\u6309\u94fe\u8def\u80cc）：<\/p>\n

    Handler.sendMessage(msg)
    \n \u2192 MessageQueue.enqueueMessage(msg, when) \u6d88\u606f\u5165\u961f（\u6309\u65f6\u95f4\u6392\u5e8f）
    \n \u2192 Looper.loop() \u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u53d6\u6d88\u606f （\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u65e9\u6709 Looper）
    \n \u2192 msg.target.dispatchMessage(msg) \u5206\u53d1\u7ed9 Handler
    \n \u2192 handleMessage(msg) \u5904\u7406<\/p>\n

    \u89d2\u8272\u5206\u5de5：<\/p>\n\n\u89d2\u8272\u804c\u8d23\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Handler<\/td>\n\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u5904\u7406\u6d88\u606f<\/td>\n\u90ae\u9012\u5458<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Message<\/td>\n\u6d88\u606f\u8f7d\u4f53（\u542b what\/obj\/when\/target）<\/td>\n\u4fe1\u4ef6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    MessageQueue<\/td>\n\u6309\u65f6\u95f4\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u961f\u5217<\/td>\n\u4fe1\u7bb1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Looper<\/td>\n\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u53d6\u6d88\u606f，\u9a71\u52a8\u5206\u53d1<\/td>\n\u90ae\u5c40\u5206\u62e3\u5458<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    ThreadLocal<\/td>\n\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b58\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 Looper<\/td>\n\u5de5\u724c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Q7：\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a Looper.loop() \u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u5361\u6b7b？<\/h4>\n

    \u9ad8\u9891\u96be\u9898\u3002\u7b54\u6848\u5206\u4e09\u5c42：<\/p>\n

  • \u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u8be5\u5e38\u9a7b\u2014\u2014\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u662f"\u6709\u6d3b\u5e72\u6d3b\u3001\u6ca1\u6d3b\u4f11\u7720"（epoll \u673a\u5236），MessageQueue \u7684 next() \u91cc nativePollOnce \u963b\u585e\u65f6\u4e0d\u6d88\u8017 CPU，\u4e0d\u662f\u5fd9\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u5361 ANR \u7684\u662f\u6d88\u606f\u5904\u7406\u6162，\u4e0d\u662f\u5faa\u73af\u672c\u8eab\u2014\u2014ANR \u662f\u67d0\u6761\u6d88\u606f（\u5982 input \u4e8b\u4ef6）5 \u79d2\u6ca1\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u6574\u4e2a App \u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u90fd\u8dd1\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u91cc\u2014\u2014Activity \u7684 onCreate \u90fd\u662f\u88ab\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u8c03\u5ea6\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n

    Q8：Message.obtain() \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u590d\u7528？\u600e\u4e48\u590d\u7528？<\/h4>\n

    Message \u5185\u90e8\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u6c60（sPool），obtain() \u4f18\u5148\u4ece\u6c60\u91cc\u53d6，recycle() \u65f6\u6e05\u7a7a\u6570\u636e\u6302\u56de\u6c60\u5934\u3002\u907f\u514d\u9ad8\u9891\u53d1\u6d88\u606f\u65f6\u5927\u91cf\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u89e6\u53d1 GC \u6296\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8ffd\u95ee\u70b9：\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 Message \u6700\u5927\u7f13\u5b58 50 \u4e2a（MAX_POOL_SIZE）；View \u7684\u6ed1\u52a8\u6d88\u606f\u540c\u7406\u7528 obtain\u3002<\/p>\n

    Q9：Handler \u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u548c\u89e3\u51b3？<\/h4>\n

    \u539f\u56e0：\u975e\u9759\u6001\u5185\u90e8\u7c7b Handler \u9690\u5f0f\u6301\u6709 Activity，Message \u672a\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u88ab MessageQueue \u6301\u6709 \u2192 Message \u2192 Handler \u2192 Activity，Activity \u9500\u6bc1\u4e86\u5374\u65e0\u6cd5\u56de\u6536\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u89e3\u51b3：<\/p>\n

  • Handler \u58f0\u660e\u4e3a static class + WeakReference<Activity><\/li>\n
  • onDestroy \u91cc handler.removeCallbacksAndMessages(null)<\/li>\n

    Q10：IdleHandler \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48？<\/h4>\n

    MessageQueue \u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6\u7684\u56de\u8c03（addIdleHandler）\u3002\u7528\u8fc7\u7684\u573a\u666f：\u5ef6\u8fdf\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u975e\u7d27\u6025\u4efb\u52a1（\u5982\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e0a\u62a5），\u7b49\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0d\u5fd9\u4e86\u518d\u5e72\u3002\u8ffd\u95ee\u70b9：ViewRootImpl \u7684\u9996\u6b21\u7ed8\u5236\u5c31\u4f9d\u8d56 IdleHandler（\u7b49\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u7a7a\u4e86\u518d measure\/layout）\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u56db\u3001View \u4f53\u7cfb<\/h3>\n

    Q11：View \u7684\u7ed8\u5236\u6d41\u7a0b？<\/h4>\n

    \u6807\u51c6\u7b54\u6848：<\/p>\n

    ViewRootImpl.performTraversals()
    \n \u251c\u2500\u2500 performMeasure() \u2192 onMeasure() \u6d4b\u91cf：\u786e\u5b9a View \u5927\u5c0f（MeasureSpec）
    \n \u251c\u2500\u2500 performLayout() \u2192 onLayout() \u5e03\u5c40：\u786e\u5b9a View \u4f4d\u7f6e
    \n \u2514\u2500\u2500 performDraw() \u2192 onDraw() \u7ed8\u5236：\u753b\u5230\u5c4f\u5e55（Canvas）<\/p>\n

    MeasureSpec \u4e09\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f：<\/p>\n\n\u6a21\u5f0f\u542b\u4e49\u5bf9\u5e94<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
    EXACTLY<\/td>\n\u786e\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f<\/td>\nmatch_parent \/ \u56fa\u5b9a dp<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    AT_MOST<\/td>\n\u6700\u5927\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7<\/td>\nwrap_content<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    UNSPECIFIED<\/td>\n\u4e0d\u9650\u5236<\/td>\nScrollView \u5bf9\u5b50 View<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u8ffd\u95ee\u70b9：\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49 View \u65f6 wrap_content \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u548c match_parent \u4e00\u6837？\u2014\u2014onMeasure \u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0d\u5904\u7406 AT_MOST，\u8981\u81ea\u5df1 setMeasuredDimension\u3002<\/p>\n

    Q12：\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5206\u53d1\u673a\u5236？<\/h4>\n

    \u6807\u51c6\u7b54\u6848（\u7ecf\u5178 U \u578b\u56fe）：<\/p>\n

    Activity \u2192 Window \u2192 DecorView \u2192 ViewGroup \u2192 … \u2192 View<\/p>\n

    \u4e09\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u65b9\u6cd5：
    \ndispatchTouchEvent() \u5206\u53d1
    \nonInterceptTouchEvent() \u62e6\u622a（\u4ec5 ViewGroup \u6709）
    \nonTouchEvent() \u6d88\u8d39<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u7236\u62e6\u622a，\u5b50\u6536\u4e0d\u5230：onInterceptTouchEvent \u8fd4\u56de true \u2192 \u5b50 View \u6536 ACTION_DOWN \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u7cfb\u5217\u4e8b\u4ef6 \u2192 \u4e8b\u4ef6\u4ea4\u7ed9\u7236\u7684 onTouchEvent<\/li>\n
    • \u5b50\u5904\u7406\u4e86，\u7236\u5c31\u4e0d\u5904\u7406：\u5b50 onTouchEvent \u8fd4\u56de true \u6d88\u8d39 \u2192 \u7236\u4e0d\u518d\u6536 MOVE\/UP<\/li>\n
    • \u8bf7\u6c42\u7236\u4e0d\u62e6\u622a：requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(true)（\u5b50 View \u5728 DOWN \u540e\u8c03\u7528）<\/li>\n
    • \u6ed1\u52a8\u51b2\u7a81：\u5916\u90e8\u62e6\u622a\u6cd5（\u7236\u6539 onInterceptTouchEvent \u5224\u65ad\u65b9\u5411）\/ \u5185\u90e8\u62e6\u622a\u6cd5（\u5b50 disallow）<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Q13：requestLayout \/ invalidate \/ postInvalidate \u533a\u522b？<\/h4>\n\n\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f5c\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u89e6\u53d1\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
      requestLayout<\/td>\n\u4ece\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\u5411\u4e0a\u5230 ViewRootImpl<\/td>\nmeasure + layout + draw<\/td>\n\u53ef\u4efb\u610f（\u6700\u7ec8\u6392\u5230\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      invalidate<\/td>\n\u53ea\u91cd\u7ed8\u5f53\u524d View<\/td>\n\u53ea draw（onDraw）<\/td>\n\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      postInvalidate<\/td>\n\u540c invalidate<\/td>\n\u53ea draw<\/td>\n\u53ef\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
      \n

      \u4e94\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/h3>\n

      Q14：\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u573a\u666f\u548c\u6392\u67e5？<\/h4>\n

      \u9ad8\u9891\u6cc4\u6f0f\u573a\u666f（\u80cc 6 \u4e2a）：<\/p>\n

    • \u975e\u9759\u6001\u5185\u90e8\u7c7b Handler \/ Thread \/ AsyncTask \u6301\u6709 Activity<\/li>\n
    • \u5355\u4f8b\u6301\u6709 Context（\u5e94\u6301 ApplicationContext）<\/li>\n
    • \u5e7f\u64ad \/ EventBus \/ \u56de\u8c03\u6ca1\u53cd\u6ce8\u518c<\/li>\n
    • WebView \u672a\u9500\u6bc1（\u65b0\u5f00\u8fdb\u7a0b + \u624b\u52a8 onDestroy）<\/li>\n
    • \u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u6301\u6709 View \/ Bitmap<\/li>\n
    • \u533f\u540d\u5185\u90e8\u7c7b（\u7f16\u8bd1\u540e\u6301\u6709\u5916\u90e8\u5f15\u7528）<\/li>\n

      \u6392\u67e5\u5de5\u5177：LeakCanary（\u5f00\u53d1\u671f\u81ea\u52a8\u6293）\u2192 Memory Profiler \u2192 MAT \u5206\u6790 hprof（\u770b GC Root \u5f15\u7528\u94fe）\u3002<\/p>\n

      Q15：\u5361\u987f\u7684\u6392\u67e5\u601d\u8def？<\/h4>\n

      \u5b9a\u4f4d：Perfetto \/ Systrace \u6293\u5e27 \u2192 \u627e\u6389\u5e27\u7684\u5e27
      \n\u5f52\u56e0：\u770b\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48
      \n \u251c\u2500\u2500 \u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u505a IO（\u8bfb SP \/ \u6570\u636e\u5e93）\u2192 \u79fb\u5230\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b \/ MMKV
      \n \u251c\u2500\u2500 \u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u505a\u590d\u6742\u5e03\u5c40 \u2192 \u964d\u5c42\u7ea7（ConstraintLayout \/ merge \/ ViewStub）
      \n \u251c\u2500\u2500 \u8fc7\u5ea6\u7ed8\u5236 \u2192 \u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u9009\u9879\u68c0\u67e5，\u7ea2\u8272\u533a\u57df\u4f18\u5316
      \n \u2514\u2500\u2500 \u9891\u7e41 GC \u2192 \u5185\u5b58\u6296\u52a8，\u627e\u5faa\u73af\u91cc\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5730\u65b9<\/p>\n

      \u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807：\u5e27\u8017\u65f6 16ms（60Hz）\/ 8.3ms（120Hz）；Vitals \u7684 ANR \u7387 < 0.47%\u3001\u5d29\u6e83\u7387 < 1%\u3002<\/p>\n

      Q16：Bitmap \u4f18\u5316\u600e\u4e48\u505a？<\/h4>\n
    • \u91c7\u6837\u538b\u7f29：inSampleSize \u6309\u76ee\u6807\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7b97（\u5148 inJustDecodeBounds \u53ea\u8bfb\u5c3a\u5bf8）<\/li>\n
    • \u683c\u5f0f：ARGB_8888 \u2192 RGB_565（\u65e0\u900f\u660e\u9700\u6c42，\u5185\u5b58\u51cf\u534a）<\/li>\n
    • \u786c\u4ef6\u4f4d\u56fe：inPreferredConfig = HARDWARE，\u50cf\u7d20\u5b58 GPU \u663e\u5b58，\u4e0d\u5360 Java \u5806<\/li>\n
    • \u53ca\u65f6\u56de\u6536：Android 8.0 \u540e Bitmap \u50cf\u7d20\u5b58 native \u5806（NativeAllocationRegistry \u81ea\u52a8\u56de\u6536），\u8001\u7248\u672c\u624b\u52a8 recycle<\/li>\n

      Q17：APK \u5305\u4f53\u79ef\u4f18\u5316？<\/h4>\n
        \n
      • \u8d44\u6e90：\u56fe\u7247\u8f6c WebP\u3001\u65e0\u7528\u5728 R8\/\u8d44\u6e90\u6df7\u6dc6（AndResGuard）\u538b\u7f29\u3001\u6309\u5bc6\u5ea6\u5206\u5305<\/li>\n
      • \u4ee3\u7801：R8 \u6df7\u6dc6\u88c1\u526a（minifyEnabled + shrinkResources）<\/li>\n
      • so：abiFilters \u53ea\u7559 armeabi-v7a \/ arm64-v8a，\u6216\u6309 ABI \u5206\u5305<\/li>\n
      • \u52a8\u6001\u4ea4\u4ed8：App Bundle（Play）\u6309\u9700\u4e0b\u8f7d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        \n

        \u516d\u3001Kotlin \/ \u534f\u7a0b \/ \u65b0\u6280\u672f<\/h3>\n

        Q18：\u534f\u7a0b\u548c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u533a\u522b？（Android \u573a\u666f）<\/h4>\n

        \u7528\u6237\u6001\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7"\u7ebf\u7a0b"：\u6302\u8d77\u4e0d\u963b\u585e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u6210\u672c\u51e0\u5341\u5b57\u8282\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u5e76\u53d1\u9632\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002Android \u6807\u914d\u7528\u6cd5：<\/p>\n

        viewModelScope.<\/span>launch<\/span> {<\/span>
        \n val<\/span> user =<\/span> withContext<\/span>(<\/span>Dispatchers.<\/span>IO)<\/span> {<\/span> api.<\/span>fetchUser<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> }<\/span>
        \n updateUi<\/span>(<\/span>user)<\/span> \/\/ \u81ea\u52a8\u56de\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/span>
        \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

        \u8ffd\u95ee\u70b9：suspend \u539f\u7406（\u72b6\u6001\u673a）；launch vs async；viewModelScope \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5b89\u5168（Activity \u65cb\u8f6c\u9500\u6bc1\u81ea\u52a8\u53d6\u6d88）\u3002<\/p>\n

        Q19：Flow \u548c LiveData \u7684\u533a\u522b？<\/h4>\n\n\u7ef4\u5ea6LiveDataFlow<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
        \u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u611f\u77e5<\/td>\n\u2705 \u5185\u7f6e<\/td>\n\u9700 repeatOnLifecycle \u5305\u4e00\u5c42<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26<\/td>\n\u5c11（map\/switchMap）<\/td>\n\u4e30\u5bcc（debounce\/filter\/combine\u2026）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u6570\u636e\u6d41\u7c7b\u578b<\/td>\n\u503c\u6301\u6709<\/td>\n\u51b7\u6d41\/\u70ed\u6d41<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u8de8\u5c42\u4f7f\u7528<\/td>\n\u4ec5 UI \u5c42<\/td>\n\u6570\u636e\u5c42\/\u9886\u57df\u5c42\u901a\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        \u7ed3\u8bba：\u65b0\u9879\u76ee UI \u72b6\u6001\u7528 StateFlow，\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u5904\u7406\u7528 Flow，LiveData \u53ea\u5728\u8001\u9879\u76ee\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n

        Q20：Jetpack MVVM \u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6570\u636e\u6d41？<\/h4>\n

        View（Activity\/Fragment）
        \n \u2195 \u89c2\u5bdf StateFlow \/ LiveData
        \nViewModel（\u6301\u6709 UI \u72b6\u6001，\u4e0d\u6301 Context）
        \n \u2195 \u8c03\u7528
        \nRepository（\u5355\u4e00\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u539f\u5219）
        \n \u2199 \u2198
        \nRoom（\u672c\u5730\u7f13\u5b58） Retrofit（\u7f51\u7edc）<\/p>\n

        \u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u5219：\u6570\u636e\u5355\u5411\u6d41\u52a8（UDF）\u3001\u5355\u4e00\u6570\u636e\u6e90（SSOT）\u3001ViewModel \u4e0d\u6301\u6709\u4efb\u4f55 Context\u3002<\/p>\n

        \n

        \u4e03\u3001\u51b7\u95e8\u4f46\u5e38\u95ee<\/h3>\n

        Q21：Android \u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7？<\/h4>\n

        \u524d\u53f0\u8fdb\u7a0b > \u53ef\u89c1\u8fdb\u7a0b > \u670d\u52a1\u8fdb\u7a0b > \u7f13\u5b58\u8fdb\u7a0b（\u540e\u53f0 LRU）<\/p>\n

        \u7cfb\u7edf\u6309\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4ece\u4f4e\u5230\u9ad8\u6740\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u8ffd\u95ee\u70b9：\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4fdd\u6d3b\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u96be（\u5382\u5546\u767d\u540d\u5355 + Doze \u6a21\u5f0f + App Standby），\u6b63\u8def\u662f\u628a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u505a\u8f7b\u3002<\/p>\n

        Q22：Binder \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48？\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9009\u5b83\u800c\u4e0d\u662f Socket？<\/h4>\n

        Android \u8de8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u673a\u5236\u3002\u9009 Binder \u56e0\u4e3a：\u4e00\u6b21\u62f7\u8d1d（mmap \u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04，Socket\/\u7ba1\u9053\u8981\u4e24\u6b21）\u3001C\/S \u67b6\u6784\u6613\u7528\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b ID \u6821\u9a8c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u8ffd\u95ee\u70b9：AIDL \u662f Binder \u7684\u5c01\u88c5；\u56db\u5927\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u8de8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5168\u9760 Binder\u3002<\/p>\n

        Q23：SP（SharedPreferences）\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6162？\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1？<\/h4>\n

        SP \u9996\u6b21\u52a0\u8f7d\u540c\u6b65\u8bfb\u6587\u4ef6 + \u5168\u91cf\u89e3\u6790 XML \u5230\u5185\u5b58（\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b wait），\u5199\u5165 commit \u540c\u6b65\u3001apply \u867d\u5f02\u6b65\u4f46 QueuedWork \u53ef\u80fd\u963b\u585e\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u66ff\u4ee3：MMKV（mmap + protobuf，\u817e\u8baf）\u3001DataStore（Kotlin Flow，\u5b98\u65b9\u63a8\u8350）\u3002<\/p>\n

        Q24：View.post \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u80fd\u62ff\u5230 View \u5bbd\u9ad8？<\/h4>\n

        post \u7684 Runnable \u6392\u8fdb\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217，\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u673a\u5728 ViewRootImpl \u7684 performTraversals（\u7ed8\u5236）\u4e4b\u540e\u2014\u2014View \u6d4b\u91cf\u5b8c\u4e86\u81ea\u7136\u6709\u5bbd\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n

        Q25：\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 onActivityCreated \u88ab\u5e9f\u5f03\u4e86？Fragment \u901a\u4fe1\u600e\u4e48\u505a？<\/h4>\n

        \u5e9f\u5f03\u662f\u63a8\u52a8\u7528 viewLifecycleOwner \u89c2\u5bdf\u6570\u636e\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f：ViewModel \u5171\u4eab（\u540c\u4e00 FragmentManager scope）> \u63a5\u53e3\u56de\u8c03 > Result API\u3002<\/p>\n

        \n

        \u516b\u3001\u603b\u7ed3：\u9762\u8bd5\u590d\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf<\/h3>\n

        \u7b2c\u4e00\u68af\u961f（\u5fc5\u80cc）：\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f \/ \u542f\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f \/ Handler \u4e94\u8fde \/ \u4e8b\u4ef6\u5206\u53d1 \/ \u7ed8\u5236\u6d41\u7a0b
        \n\u7b2c\u4e8c\u68af\u961f（\u52a0\u5206）：\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u5b9e\u6218\u6848\u4f8b \/ Binder \/ \u534f\u7a0b Flow \/ MVVM \u6570\u636e\u6d41
        \n\u7b2c\u4e09\u68af\u961f（\u4eae\u70b9）：\u51b7\u542f\u52a8\u4f18\u5316 \/ \u5305\u4f53\u79ef \/ \u7ebf\u4e0a\u76d1\u63a7（APM）\/ \u8de8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65b9\u6848\u9009\u578b<\/p>\n

        \u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u5efa\u8bae：\u80cc\u5b8c\u6807\u51c6\u7b54\u6848\u540e，\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u51c6\u5907\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u5df1\u9879\u76ee\u91cc\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6848\u4f8b\u3002\u6bd4\u5982"\u6211\u4eec App \u542f\u52a8 3s \u2192 1.2s"\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b，\u6bd4 25 \u9053\u516b\u80a1\u66f4\u80fd\u8ba9\u9762\u8bd5\u5b98\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4f60\u2014\u2014\u516b\u80a1\u7b5b\u4eba，\u6848\u4f8b\u5b9a\u85aa\u3002<\/p>\n

        \n

        \u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599<\/h3>\n
          \n
        • \u300aAndroid \u5f00\u53d1\u827a\u672f\u63a2\u7d22\u300b\u4efb\u7389\u521a（\u56db\u5927\u7ec4\u4ef6 + View \u4f53\u7cfb）<\/li>\n
        • \u300aAndroid \u8fdb\u9636\u89e3\u5bc6\u300b\u5218\u671b\u8212（\u6d88\u606f\u673a\u5236 + Binder）<\/li>\n
        • Google \u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863：developer.android.com（Jetpack \/ \u6027\u80fd）<\/li>\n
        • Android \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u5b98\u65b9\u8bfe：Measuring & Improving App Performance<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          \u4e00\u3001\u524d\u8a00：Android \u9762\u8bd5\u8003\u4ec0\u4e48？
          \nAndroid \u9762\u8bd5\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u7ed3\u6784\u662f：Java\/Kotlin \u57fa\u7840 \u2192 Android \u56db\u5927\u7ec4\u4ef6 \u2192 \u6d88\u606f\u673a\u5236 \u2192 View \u4f53\u7cfb \u2192 \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316 \u2192 \u9879\u76ee\u6df1\u6316\u3002\u5176\u4e2d Android \u7279\u6709\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4e2d\u95f4\u4e09\u5757，\u4e5f\u662f\u672c\u6587\u91cd\u70b9\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b 25 \u9053\u9ad8\u9891\u9898\u6309\u6a21\u5757\u6574\u7406，\u6bcf\u9898\u7ed9\u51fa\u6807\u51c6\u7b54\u6848 \u8ffd\u95ee\u70b9，\u80cc\u719f\u80fd\u8986\u76d6 80% \u7684\u4e00\u4e8c\u9762\u3002\u4e8c\u3001\u56db\u5927\u7ec4\u4ef6
          \nQ1：Activit<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":102196,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[84,56],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-102198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server","tag-android","tag-56"],"yoast_head":"\nAndroid \u5e38\u8003\u9762\u8bd5\u9898\u8be6\u89e3\uff1a\u4ece\u56db\u5927\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5230\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u4e00\u7bc7\u5403\u900f - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/102198.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Android \u5e38\u8003\u9762\u8bd5\u9898\u8be6\u89e3\uff1a\u4ece\u56db\u5927\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5230\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u4e00\u7bc7\u5403\u900f - 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