{"id":101965,"date":"2026-09-07T23:25:15","date_gmt":"2026-09-07T15:25:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/101965.html"},"modified":"2026-09-07T23:25:15","modified_gmt":"2026-09-07T15:25:15","slug":"java-%e5%b9%b6%e5%8f%91%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b%e6%9e%b6%e6%9e%84%e5%85%a8%e6%99%af%ef%bc%9a%e5%b9%b6%e5%8f%91%e5%b1%82%e7%9a%84%e4%ba%94%e5%9f%9f%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1-%e7%ba%bf%e7%a8%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/101965.html","title":{"rendered":"Java \u5e76\u53d1\u7f16\u7a0b\u67b6\u6784\u5168\u666f\uff1a\u5e76\u53d1\u5c42\u7684\u4e94\u57df\u8bbe\u8ba1 \u2014\u2014 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u9694\u79bb\u3001\u5e76\u53d1\u5b89\u5168\u5230\u95ee\u9898\u6cbb\u7406\uff08\u5168\u4f53\u7cfb\u6c47\u603b\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \u6587\u7ae0\u6536\u5f55\u4e13\u680f：Java \u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u7406\u5168\u89e3：\u6e90\u7801\u30fb\u5e76\u53d1\u30fb\u9762\u8bd5\u5b9e\u6218 \u7cfb\u5217\u6587\u7ae0： Java \u5e76\u53d1\u9501\u673a\u5236：\u4ece\u5e95\u5c42\u539f\u7406\u5230\u9501\u5347\u7ea7，\u8fd9\u4e00\u7bc7\u5c31\u591f\u4e86 \u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3 Java \u5185\u5b58\u6a21\u578b（JMM）：\u4ece\u62bd\u8c61\u89c4\u8303\u5230\u751f\u4ea7\u5b9e\u8df5 Java \u7ebf\u7a0b\u4ece\u751f\u5230\u6b7b：\u521b\u5efa\u4e09\u5f0f\u3001\u516d\u6001\u6d41\u8f6c\u3001\u4e2d\u65ad\u534f\u4f5c\u4e0e\u6b7b\u9501\u6d3b\u9501\u9965\u997f，\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bb2\u900f Java \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u4e03\u95ee\u4e03\u7b54：\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u7a0b\u3001\u62d2\u7edd\u7b56\u7565\u5230 ThreadLocal \u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f，\u9762\u8bd5\u5fc5\u80cc JUC \u5e76\u53d1\u5de5\u5177\u5168\u5bb6\u6876：CountDownLatch\u3001CyclicBarrier\u3001Semaphore\u3001CompletableFuture \u4e0e\u5e76\u53d1\u5bb9\u5668\u4e00\u7f51\u6253\u5c3d<\/p>\n

\u8854\u63a5\u5f15\u5b50：\u672c\u4e13\u680f\u7684\u300aJMM\u300b\u4e0e\u300a\u9501\u673a\u5236\u300b\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86 \u201c\u5e76\u53d1\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5bf9\u201d，\u4e09\u7bc7\u57fa\u7840\u7bc7\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86 \u201c\u5e76\u53d1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u3002\u672c\u6587\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u5408\u4e3a\u4e00\u5f20\u5e76\u53d1\u5c42\u67b6\u6784\u56fe：\u4ee5\u4e94\u57df（\u6b63\u786e\u6027 \/ \u5bb9\u91cf \/ \u5171\u4eab \/ \u5c11\u5171\u4eab \/ \u6cbb\u7406）\u4e3a\u9aa8\u67b6，\u628a JMM \u4e0e\u9501\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5730\u57fa，\u628a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u3001JUC \u4e09\u7bc7\u5347\u7ef4\u4e3a\u67b6\u6784\u51b3\u7b56，\u5e76\u8865\u9f50 java.util.concurrent \u5168\u91cf\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9（\u3010\u8865\u9057\u3011\u6807\u6ce8），\u6700\u540e\u7528\u8d2f\u7a7f\u6848\u4f8b\u628a\u5168\u7bc7\u4e32\u6210\u4e00\u6761\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u5f15\u8a00：\u5e76\u53d1\u5c42\u7684\u4e94\u57df\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e0e\u6743\u8861\u4e09\u539f\u5219<\/h3>\n

\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u5c42，\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u56de\u7b54\u4e94\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898：<\/p>\n\n\u57df\u95ee\u9898\u627f\u8f7d\u7ae0\u8282<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u6b63\u786e\u6027<\/td>\n\u5e76\u53d1\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5bf9？<\/td>\nJMM\u3001\u9501（\u5df2\u6709\u6df1\u5ea6\u7bc7，\u672c\u6587\u5f15\u7528）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5bb9\u91cf<\/td>\n\u5e76\u53d1\u625b\u4e0d\u625b\u5f97\u4f4f？<\/td>\n\u7b2c 1\/2\/3 \u7ae0：\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u3001\u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u6392<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5171\u4eab<\/td>\n\u5171\u4eab\u600e\u4e48\u7ba1？<\/td>\n\u7b2c 4\/5 \u7ae0：JUC \u5de5\u5177\u3001\u5e76\u53d1\u5bb9\u5668\u3001\u539f\u5b50\u7c7b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5c11\u5171\u4eab<\/td>\n\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0d\u5171\u4eab？<\/td>\n\u7b2c 6 \u7ae0：\u5e76\u53d1\u5b89\u5168\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6cbb\u7406<\/td>\n\u51fa\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\u600e\u4e48\u529e？<\/td>\n\u7b2c 7 \u7ae0：\u95ee\u9898\u6cbb\u7406\u4e0e\u76d1\u63a7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u67b6\u6784\u5e08\u6743\u8861\u4e09\u539f\u5219（\u5168\u6587\u4e3b\u7ebf）：<\/p>\n

  • \u6b63\u786e\u6027\u4f18\u5148：\u4e00\u5207\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u53ef\u89c1\u6027\u3001\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u3001\u6709\u5e8f\u6027\u6b63\u786e\u4e4b\u4e0a \u2014\u2014 \u5148\u5bf9，\u518d\u5feb<\/li>\n
  • \u5c11\u5171\u4eab\u4f18\u5148：\u80fd\u7528\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8 \/ \u5c01\u95ed\u89e3\u51b3，\u7edd\u4e0d\u7528\u9501\u89e3\u51b3；\u9501\u662f\u6700\u540e\u624b\u6bb5<\/li>\n
  • \u91cf\u5316\u4f18\u5148：\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u3001\u6c60\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\u3001\u76d1\u63a7\u6307\u6807\u90fd\u8981\u6709\u4f9d\u636e，\u4e0d\u9760\u611f\u89c9<\/li>\n
    \n

    \u7b2c 1 \u7ae0 \u5e76\u53d1\u5c42\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u9aa8\u67b6：\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b<\/h3>\n

    1.1 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u662f\u8d44\u6e90，\u4e0d\u662f\u73a9\u5177<\/h4>\n

    \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7：\u5185\u6838\u6001\u5207\u6362 + \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4fdd\u5b58\u6062\u590d + Cache\/TLB \u5931\u6548\u3002\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u8d85\u8fc7 CPU \u6838\u6570\u540e，\u65b0\u589e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0d\u662f\u5e76\u884c\u800c\u662f\u6392\u961f\u5207\u6362\u2014\u2014\u201c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8d8a\u591a\u541e\u5410\u8d8a\u9ad8\u201d \u662f\u9519\u8bef\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n

    1.2 \u4e09\u79cd\u5e76\u53d1\u6a21\u578b\u9009\u578b<\/h4>\n\n\u6a21\u578b\u4ee3\u8868\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0e\u8bf7\u6c42\u5173\u7cfb\u67b6\u6784\u9002\u7528<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
    \u963b\u585e\u6a21\u578b（BIO）<\/td>\n\u4f20\u7edf Tomcat<\/td>\n\u4e00\u8fde\u63a5\u4e00\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/td>\n\u8fde\u63a5\u5c11\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u5feb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af（NIO\/Reactor）<\/td>\nTomcat NIO\u3001Netty<\/td>\nIO \u7ebf\u7a0b + \u4e1a\u52a1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60<\/td>\n\u9ad8\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u3001IO \u5bc6\u96c6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/td>\nJDK21<\/td>\n\u4e00\u4efb\u52a1\u4e00\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/td>\n\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u963b\u585e IO<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u67b6\u6784\u51b3\u7b56：NIO \u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f IO \u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0e\u4e1a\u52a1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5206\u79bb\u3002Netty \u4e2d BossGroup \u53ea\u505a accept，WorkerGroup \u505a Channel \u8bfb\u5199，\u6162\u4e1a\u52a1\u5fc5\u987b\u4e22\u5230\u72ec\u7acb\u4e1a\u52a1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60 \u2014\u2014 \u5426\u5219\u4e00\u4e2a\u6162\u4efb\u52a1\u5361\u6b7b EventLoop，\u62d6\u57ae\u5b83\u8d1f\u8d23\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n

    1.3 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u5efa\u6a21<\/h4>\n

    IO \u5bc6\u96c6：\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570 = CPU \u6838\u6570 \u00d7 (1 + \u5e73\u5747\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4 \/ \u5e73\u5747\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6\u95f4) \/\/\u300aJava\u5e76\u53d1\u7f16\u7a0b\u5b9e\u6218\u300b
    \nCPU \u5bc6\u96c6：\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570 = \u6838\u6570 + 1<\/p>\n

    \u67b6\u6784\u7ea7\u63d0\u9192：\u516c\u5f0f\u53ea\u662f\u8d77\u70b9，\u6700\u7ec8\u8981\u538b\u6d4b\u6821\u51c6\u5e76\u7559\u8fc7\u8f7d\u5197\u4f59（\u89c1\u7b2c 7 \u7ae0）\u3002<\/p>\n

    1.4 \u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u5f71\u54cd<\/h4>\n

    JDK21 \u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8ba9 \u201c\u4e00\u4efb\u52a1\u4e00\u7ebf\u7a0b\u201d \u5ec9\u4ef7，IO \u5bc6\u96c6\u670d\u52a1\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u66ff\u4ee3\u4e1a\u52a1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60，\u76f4\u63a5\u6539\u53d8\u7b2c 2 \u7ae0\u7684\u9694\u79bb\u67b6\u6784\u3002\u4f46\u4e09\u4e2a\u8fb9\u754c\u5fc5\u987b\u6e05\u695a：<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Pinning：\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u6301 synchronized \u6216\u6267\u884c\u672c\u5730\u65b9\u6cd5\u65f6\u65e0\u6cd5\u5378\u8f7d，\u9489\u4f4f\u8f7d\u4f53\u7ebf\u7a0b；JDK24 \u7684 JEP 491 \u5df2\u4fee\u590d\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570 synchronized \u573a\u666f，\u957f\u4e34\u754c\u533a\u4ecd\u63a8\u8350 ReentrantLock<\/li>\n
    • \u4ecd\u4e0d\u9002\u5408 CPU \u5bc6\u96c6：CPU \u4efb\u52a1\u4e0d\u963b\u585e\u3001\u65e0\u6cd5\u5378\u8f7d，\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u65e0\u6536\u76ca\u53cd\u800c\u589e\u8c03\u5ea6\u5f00\u9500<\/li>\n
    • \u4e0d\u89e3\u51b3\u8fc7\u8f7d\u6cbb\u7406：\u5bb9\u91cf\u76d1\u63a7\u3001\u80cc\u538b\u3001\u9650\u6d41\u4f9d\u7136\u9700\u8981 \u2014\u2014\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u89e3\u51b3 \u201c\u963b\u585e\u6210\u672c\u201d，\u4e0d\u89e3\u51b3 \u201c\u5bb9\u91cf\u5931\u63a7\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u67b6\u6784\u5224\u65ad：\u5b58\u91cf\u7cfb\u7edf\u5148\u505a \u201c\u957f\u963b\u585e\u8c03\u7528 \u2192 \u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u201d \u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u66ff\u6362\u9a8c\u8bc1，\u4e0d\u8981\u4e00\u4e0a\u6765\u63a8\u7ffb\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u9694\u79bb\u67b6\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n

      \n

      \u7b2c 2 \u7ae0 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h3>\n

      2.1 \u6c60\u5316\u67b6\u6784\u3001\u80cc\u538b\u4e0e\u521d\u59cb\u53c2\u6570<\/h4>\n

      \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u662f \u201c\u6c60\u5316\u67b6\u6784\u201d \u5bb6\u65cf\u4e00\u5458（\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60 \/ \u8fde\u63a5\u6c60 \/ \u5bf9\u8c61\u6c60）\u3002\u6709\u754c\u961f\u5217 = \u80cc\u538b\u673a\u5236，\u62d2\u7edd\u7b56\u7565 = \u8fc7\u8f7d\u964d\u7ea7\u4fe1\u53f7，\u7edd\u4e0d\u662f\u5f02\u5e38\u515c\u5e95：<\/p>\n

      ThreadPoolExecutor pool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(16, 32, 60, SECONDS,
      \n new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(512),
      \n r -> new Thread(r, "pay-core-" + n.incrementAndGet()),
      \n (r, p) -> {
      \n log.warn("\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u8fc7\u8f7d\u62d2\u7edd，\u8f6c\u8865\u507f\u961f\u5217: {}", r);
      \n compensationQueue.offer(r); \/\/ MQ\/DB \u843d\u5e93，\u7a0d\u540e\u91cd\u653e
      \n metrics.incRejected(); \/\/ \u62d2\u7edd=\u8fc7\u8f7d\u4fe1\u53f7，\u5fc5\u987b\u544a\u8b66
      \n });<\/p>\n

      \u521d\u59cb\u53c2\u6570\u600e\u4e48\u5b9a（\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6cd5，\u538b\u6d4b\u6821\u51c6）：<\/p>\n

        \n
      • corePoolSize：IO \u4efb\u52a1\u6309 1.3 \u8282\u516c\u5f0f\u53d6\u53c2\u8003\u503c；CPU \u4efb\u52a1 = \u6838\u6570 + 1<\/li>\n
      • maximumPoolSize：core \u7684 2 \u500d\u5de6\u53f3\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f39\u6027\u4e0a\u9650（\u9632\u77ac\u65f6\u5c16\u5cf0）<\/li>\n
      • \u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6：\u6309 \u5cf0\u503c QPS \u00d7 \u4efb\u52a1 P99 \u8017\u65f6 \u00d7 \u7f13\u51b2\u500d\u6570（2~5） \u4f30\u7b97 \u2014\u2014 \u592a\u5c0f\u9891\u7e41\u89e6\u53d1\u62d2\u7edd\u3001\u592a\u5927\u5931\u8d25\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a7<\/li>\n
      • \u7ecf\u9a8c\u53c2\u8003：\u591a\u6570\u4e1a\u52a1\u6c60 core 8~32\u3001\u961f\u5217 200~1000 \u91cf\u7ea7，\u6700\u7ec8\u4ee5\u538b\u6d4b P99 \u4e0e\u62d2\u7edd\u7387\u4e3a\u51c6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        2.2 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u9694\u79bb：\u5e76\u53d1\u5c42\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u51b3\u7b56<\/h4>\n

        \u4e0d\u9694\u79bb\u7684\u540e\u679c：\u4e00\u6b21\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u5360\u6ee1\u5168\u90e8\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u6b63\u5e38\u4e1a\u52a1\u5168\u90e8\u6392\u961f \u2014\u2014\u5c40\u90e8\u6545\u969c\u8513\u5ef6\u6210\u5168\u5c40\u96ea\u5d29\u3002\u9694\u79bb\u7ef4\u5ea6：<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \u6309\u4e1a\u52a1\u57df：\u652f\u4ed8 \/ \u4e0b\u5355 \/ \u5e93\u5b58\u5404\u81ea\u72ec\u7acb\u6c60<\/li>\n
        • \u6309\u4efb\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b：CPU \u5bc6\u96c6\u6c60 \/ IO \u5bc6\u96c6\u6c60 \/ \u5b9a\u65f6\u6c60\u5206\u5f00<\/li>\n
        • \u4e0e\u5bb9\u5668\u9694\u79bb：Tomcat \u8bf7\u6c42\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ea\u6536\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42，\u4e1a\u52a1\u8fdb\u72ec\u7acb\u6c60 \u2014\u2014Tomcat \u7ebf\u7a0b\u88ab\u5360\u6ee1\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u670d\u52a1 \u201c\u5047\u6b7b\u201d（\u62d2\u7edd\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5）<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          ExecutorService bizPool = newPool("biz", 32, 64); \/\/ \u4e1a\u52a1\u5904\u7406
          \nExecutorService rpcPool = newPool("rpc", 16, 32); \/\/ \u4e0b\u6e38 RPC，\u542b\u8d85\u65f6
          \nExecutorService timerPool = newPool("timer", 4, 8); \/\/ \u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1<\/p>\n

          2.3 \u52a8\u6001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60<\/h4>\n

          \u9759\u6001\u53c2\u6570\u5728\u5cf0\u8c37\u6d41\u91cf\u4e0b\u8981\u4e48\u6d6a\u8d39\u8981\u4e48\u8fc7\u8f7d\u3002\u67b6\u6784\u7ea7\u89e3\u6cd5\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60（\u7f8e\u56e2 dynamic-threadpool \u5f00\u6e90\u65b9\u6848）：\u6838\u5fc3 \/ \u6700\u5927\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u3001\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\u3001\u62d2\u7edd\u7b56\u7565\u4ece\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u70ed\u66f4\u65b0，\u5185\u7f6e\u961f\u5217\u79ef\u538b \/ \u62d2\u7edd\u6b21\u6570 \/ \u6d3b\u8dc3\u6c34\u4f4d\u544a\u8b66 \u2014\u2014 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u4ece \u201c\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u5b9a\u6b7b\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u201d \u53d8\u6210 \u201c\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u53ef\u6cbb\u7406\u5355\u5143\u201d\u3002\u52a8\u6001\u5316\u4e4b\u524d\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u6709 2.1 \u7684\u521d\u59cb\u503c + \u7b2c 7 \u7ae0\u7684\u76d1\u63a7，\u5426\u5219\u8c03\u53c2\u65e0\u4f9d\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n

          2.4 \u5b9a\u65f6\u8c03\u5ea6：ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor\u3010\u8865\u9057\u3011<\/h4>\n

          Executors.newScheduledThreadPool \u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6b63\u662f\u5b83，\u4e0d\u8981\u7528\u5b83\u6267\u884c\u666e\u901a\u4efb\u52a1（\u65e0\u754c\u5ef6\u8fdf\u961f\u5217，\u4efb\u52a1\u5806\u79ef OOM）：<\/p>\n

          ScheduledExecutorService scheduler = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(4, factory);
          \nscheduler.scheduleAtFixedRate(task, 0, 30, TimeUnit.SECONDS); \/\/ \u56fa\u5b9a\u901f\u7387（\u4e0a\u6b21\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba1\u65f6）
          \nscheduler.scheduleWithFixedDelay(task, 0, 30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);\/\/ \u56fa\u5b9a\u5ef6\u8fdf（\u4e0a\u6b21\u7ed3\u675f\u8ba1\u65f6）<\/p>\n

          \u67b6\u6784\u51b3\u7b56：\u5468\u671f\u4efb\u52a1\u7528 scheduleAtFixedRate（\u5bf9\u8d26\u3001\u5fc3\u8df3）；scheduleWithFixedDelay \u9002\u5408 \u201c\u4efb\u52a1\u8017\u65f6\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u201d \u573a\u666f，\u907f\u514d\u4efb\u52a1\u5806\u79ef\u3002<\/p>\n

          2.5 \u6279\u91cf\u4efb\u52a1\u7f16\u6392：ExecutorCompletionService\u3010\u8865\u9057\u3011<\/h4>\n

          \u6279\u91cf\u5f02\u6b65\u4efb\u52a1 \u201c\u8c01\u5148\u5b8c\u6210\u5148\u5904\u7406\u8c01\u201d（\u5e76\u53d1\u6293\u53d6\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u6e90）\u2014\u2014invokeAll \u662f\u7b49\u5168\u90e8\u5b8c\u6210，ExecutorCompletionService \u662f\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d88\u8d39\u4e00\u4e2a：<\/p>\n

          ExecutorCompletionService<Result> ecs = new ExecutorCompletionService<>(rpcPool);
          \nfor (Task t : tasks) ecs.submit(() -> fetch(t));
          \nfor (int i = 0; i < tasks.size(); i++) {
          \n Result r = ecs.take().get(); \/\/ \u5148\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u5148\u8fd4\u56de，\u4e0d\u88ab\u6162\u4efb\u52a1\u963b\u585e
          \n handle(r);
          \n}<\/p>\n

          2.6 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4e0e\u4f18\u96c5\u505c\u673a<\/h4>\n

          \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u6709\u81ea\u8eab\u72b6\u6001\u673a：RUNNING \u2192 SHUTDOWN \u2192 STOP \u2192 TIDYING \u2192 TERMINATED\u3002<\/p>\n

            \n
          • shutdown()：\u62d2\u7edd\u65b0\u4efb\u52a1，\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u5df2\u5728\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u540e\u8fdb\u5165 TERMINATED<\/li>\n
          • shutdownNow()：\u5c1d\u8bd5 interrupt \u6b63\u5728\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1，\u8fd4\u56de\u5c1a\u672a\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5217\u8868<\/li>\n
          • awaitTermination(timeout, unit)：\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\u6c60\u7ec8\u6b62，\u8fd4\u56de\u662f\u5426\u6309\u65f6\u7ec8\u6b62<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \u67b6\u6784\u51b3\u7b56（\u4f18\u96c5\u505c\u673a）：\u670d\u52a1\u4e0b\u7ebf \/ \u53d1\u7248\u5fc5\u987b\u6309\u5e8f\u6536\u5c3e，\u5426\u5219\u6d41\u91cf\u8fd8\u5728\u6253\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5df2\u88ab\u6740，\u4efb\u52a1\u534a\u9014\u4e22\u5931：<\/p>\n

          • \u5148\u6458\u9664\u6d41\u91cf（\u6ce8\u518c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e0b\u7ebf，\u505c\u6b62\u65b0\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fdb\u6765）<\/li>\n
          • \u518d shutdown() \u8ba9\u5b58\u91cf\u4efb\u52a1 drain（\u914d awaitTermination）<\/li>\n
          • \u8d85\u65f6\u515c\u5e95 shutdownNow()，\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u53ef\u843d\u8865\u507f\u961f\u5217 \/ MQ \u91cd\u653e<\/li>\n
          • \u5404\u9694\u79bb\u6c60\u6309\u4f9d\u8d56\u987a\u5e8f\u5173\u95ed（\u5148\u4e1a\u52a1\u6c60\u3001\u518d RPC \u6c60，\u907f\u514d\u5173\u95ed\u671f\u95f4\u8fd8\u5728\u8c03\u4e0b\u6e38）<\/li>\n

            \u94c1\u5f8b：shutdown() \u4e0d\u963b\u585e，\u5fc5\u987b\u914d awaitTermination \u624d\u53eb \u201c\u7b49\u5b83\u505c\u5b8c\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

            \n

            \u7b2c 3 \u7ae0 \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e0e\u5f02\u6b65\u67b6\u6784<\/h3>\n

            3.1 ThreadLocal \u7684\u67b6\u6784\u89d2\u8272：\u94fe\u8def\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587<\/h4>\n

            ThreadLocal \u5728\u67b6\u6784\u91cc\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4ef7\u503c\u662f\u4f20\u9012\u4e00\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587（TraceId\u3001userId\u3001\u79df\u6237\u3001\u7070\u5ea6\u6807）\u3002\u94fe\u8def\u8ffd\u8e2a（SkyWalking\/OpenTelemetry）\u9760\u5b83\u4f20\u9012 span \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587：<\/p>\n

              \n
            • InheritableThreadLocal：\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u7ee7\u627f，\u4f46\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u590d\u7528\u4e0d\u4f20\u9012\u2014\u2014 \u5751<\/li>\n
            • TransmittableThreadLocal（TTL）：\u6355\u83b7\u2192\u56de\u653e\u2192\u6062\u590d，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u573a\u666f\u6807\u914d<\/li>\n
            • \u67b6\u6784\u94c1\u5f8b：\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u91cc\u7528 ThreadLocal \u5fc5\u987b finally remove()，\u5426\u5219\u590d\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u628a\u4e0a\u4e00\u4f4d\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5e26\u7ed9\u4e0b\u4e00\u4f4d \u2014\u2014 \u6570\u636e\u8d8a\u6743\u4e8b\u6545<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              3.2 FutureTask \u72b6\u6001\u673a\u4e0e execute\/submit \u5dee\u5f02<\/h4>\n

              FutureTask \u5185\u90e8\u72b6\u6001\u673a（\u9762\u8bd5\u6df1\u6316\u70b9）：<\/p>\n

              NEW \u2192 COMPLETING \u2192 NORMAL（\u6b63\u5e38\u5b8c\u6210）
              \n \u251c\u2192 EXCEPTIONAL（\u5f02\u5e38）
              \n \u251c\u2192 CANCELLED（\u53d6\u6d88）
              \n \u2514\u2192 INTERRUPTING \u2192 INTERRUPTED（\u4e2d\u65ad）<\/p>\n

              get() \u963b\u585e\u76f4\u5230\u7ec8\u6001；cancel(true) \u8d70 INTERRUPTING\u2192INTERRUPTED；\u4efb\u52a1\u53ea\u80fd\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21（\u72b6\u6001\u79bb\u5f00 NEW \u540e run \u4e0d\u518d\u6267\u884c）\u3002<\/p>\n

              execute vs submit \u5dee\u5f02：execute(Runnable) \u4e0d\u8fd4\u56de Future，\u4efb\u52a1\u5f02\u5e38\u7531\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684 UncaughtExceptionHandler \u5904\u7406；submit(Runnable\/Callable) \u8fd4\u56de Future，\u5f02\u5e38\u88ab\u5c01\u88c5\u8fdb Future，get() \u65f6\u624d\u629b ExecutionException\u2014\u2014 \u4e24\u8005\u5f02\u5e38 \u201c\u6d88\u5931\u201d \u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u540c，\u6392\u67e5\u65f6\u5148\u5206\u6e05\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

              3.3 CompletableFuture：\u628a\u4e32\u884c\u963b\u585e\u6539\u6210\u5e76\u884c\u7f16\u6392<\/h4>\n

              CompletableFuture<Order> orderF = supplyAsync(() -> orderService.get(id), rpcPool);
              \nCompletableFuture<User> userF = supplyAsync(() -> userService.get(uid), rpcPool);<\/p>\n

              Order result = orderF.thenCombine(userF, (o, u) -> o.setUser(u))
              \n .orTimeout(800, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS) \/\/ \u94c1\u5f8b1：\u5f02\u6b65\u5fc5\u987b\u8bbe\u8d85\u65f6
              \n .exceptionally(ex -> { metrics.incFail(); return fallback(); }) \/\/ \u94c1\u5f8b2：\u515c\u5e95\u964d\u7ea7
              \n .join();<\/p>\n

              \u67b6\u6784\u94c1\u5f8b：\u2460 \u5fc5\u987b\u663e\u5f0f\u6307\u5b9a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60（\u9ed8\u8ba4 commonPool \u5168\u5c40\u5171\u4eab\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570 CPU-1，IO \u4efb\u52a1\u62d6\u57ae\u6574\u4e2a JVM）；\u2461 \u5fc5\u987b\u8bbe\u8d85\u65f6（orTimeout\/completeOnTimeout），\u5426\u5219\u6302\u8d77\u4efb\u52a1\u6cc4\u6f0f\u5403\u6ee1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60；\u2462 exceptionally \u964d\u7ea7\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u629b\u56de\u8c03\u7528\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n

              3.4 ForkJoinPool：\u5206\u6cbb + \u5de5\u4f5c\u7a83\u53d6<\/h4>\n
                \n
              • RecursiveTask（\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u503c）\/ RecursiveAction（\u65e0\u8fd4\u56de\u503c），\u91cd\u5199 compute()，fork() \u62c6\u5206\u3001join() \u6c47\u603b<\/li>\n
              • \u5de5\u4f5c\u7a83\u53d6\u7b97\u6cd5：\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cc\u7aef\u961f\u5217，\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u4ece\u961f\u5934\u53d6，\u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6\u5077\u5176\u4ed6\u7ebf\u7a0b\u961f\u5217\u7684\u961f\u5c3e\u4efb\u52a1\u2014\u2014 \u51cf\u5c11\u7ebf\u7a0b\u95f4\u7ade\u4e89<\/li>\n
              • commonPool \u9ed8\u8ba4\u5e76\u884c\u5ea6 = CPU \u6838\u6570 – 1，IO \u573a\u666f\u5fc5\u987b\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49<\/li>\n
              • \u9002\u7528：CPU \u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u5206\u6cbb（\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u6c42\u548c\u3001\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406）；\u4e0d\u9002\u5408 IO \u5bc6\u96c6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                \n

                \u7b2c 4 \u7ae0 JUC \u5de5\u5177\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u7ea7\u8fd0\u7528<\/h3>\n

                4.1 \u540c\u6b65\u5de5\u5177\u9009\u578b\u77e9\u9635<\/h4>\n\n\u5de5\u5177\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u573a\u666f\u67b6\u6784\u6ce8\u610f<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
                CountDownLatch<\/td>\n\u7b49 N \u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u5b8c\u6210<\/td>\n\u4e00\u6b21\u6027；await \u5fc5\u987b\u5e26\u8d85\u65f6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                CyclicBarrier<\/td>\nN \u7ebf\u7a0b\u5230\u9f50\u653e\u884c<\/td>\n\u53ef reset \u590d\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                Semaphore<\/td>\n\u5e76\u53d1\u6570\u9650\u6d41<\/td>\n\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e0b\u6e38 \/ \u8fde\u63a5\u6c60<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                Phaser \/ Exchanger<\/td>\n\u591a\u9636\u6bb5\u540c\u6b65 \/ \u4e24\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4ea4\u6362<\/td>\n\u7528\u5f97\u5c11，\u6d45\u8c08<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                \u67b6\u6784\u6ce8\u610f：await \u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u5e26\u8d85\u65f6\u7248\u672c（await(timeout)），\u5426\u5219\u4efb\u52a1\u5931\u8d25\u65f6 Latch \u6c38\u4e0d\u5f52\u96f6，\u8c03\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6302\u6b7b\u3002<\/p>\n

                4.2 \u9650\u6d41\u67b6\u6784：\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf vs \u4ee4\u724c\u6876 vs \u5206\u5e03\u5f0f<\/h4>\n\n\u624b\u6bb5\u9650\u5236\u5bf9\u8c61\u4ee3\u8868\u67b6\u6784\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
                Semaphore<\/td>\n\u5e76\u53d1\u6570<\/td>\ntryAcquire<\/td>\n\u5355\u673a\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e0b\u6e38\u8fde\u63a5\u6570<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u4ee4\u724c\u6876<\/td>\n\u901f\u7387 QPS<\/td>\nGuava RateLimiter<\/td>\n\u5355\u673a\u5165\u53e3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u9650\u6d41<\/td>\n\u96c6\u7fa4\u603b\u901f\u7387<\/td>\nRedis\/Sentinel<\/td>\n\u7f51\u5173\u5c42<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                \u67b6\u6784\u51b3\u7b56：\u4e09\u8005\u53e0\u52a0\u800c\u975e\u66ff\u4ee3 \u2014\u2014 \u7f51\u5173\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u9650\u6d41\u6321\u5168\u5c40，\u5e94\u7528\u5185\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u62a4\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u53ea\u7528\u5355\u673a\u9650\u6d41，\u96c6\u7fa4\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u603b QPS \u7ffb\u500d\u4ecd\u6253\u6302\u4e0b\u6e38\u3002<\/p>\n

                4.3 \u5e76\u53d1\u968f\u673a\u6570：ThreadLocalRandom\u3010\u8865\u9057\u3011<\/h4>\n

                \u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u4e0b Math.random()（\u5185\u90e8 AtomicLong CAS \u7ade\u4e89）\u662f\u6027\u80fd\u70ed\u70b9，ThreadLocalRandom \u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u72ec\u7acb\u79cd\u5b50\u3001\u65e0\u7ade\u4e89：<\/p>\n

                int x = ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(1, 100);<\/p>\n

                \u67b6\u6784\u6ce8\u610f：current() \u8fd4\u56de\u5f53\u524d\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b9e\u4f8b，\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0b\u4e0d\u8981\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b（\u4f1a\u9000\u5316\u7ade\u4e89）\u3002<\/p>\n

                \n

                \u7b2c 5 \u7ae0 \u5e76\u53d1\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u9009\u578b<\/h3>\n

                5.1 \u672c\u5730\u7f13\u5b58\u67b6\u6784：CHM \u4e0e\u591a\u7ea7\u7f13\u5b58<\/h4>\n\n\u65b9\u6848\u5e76\u53d1\u7279\u6027\u67b6\u6784\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
                Hashtable \/ synchronizedMap<\/td>\n\u5168\u8868\u9501<\/td>\n\u4e0d\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                ConcurrentHashMap<\/td>\n\u6876\u7ea7\u9501 + CAS<\/td>\n\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u8bfb\u5199\u57fa\u7840<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                Caffeine<\/td>\n\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1 + \u6dd8\u6c70<\/td>\n\u672c\u5730\u7f13\u5b58\u9996\u9009<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                \u67b6\u6784\u51b3\u7b56：\u4e24\u7ea7\u7f13\u5b58 \u2014\u2014 \u672c\u5730 Caffeine（\u5fae\u79d2\u7ea7）+ \u8fdc\u7a0b Redis（\u8de8\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e00\u81f4），\u672c\u5730\u89e3\u51b3\u70ed\u70b9\u3001Redis \u89e3\u51b3\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u7f13\u5b58\u51fb\u7a7f：\u672a\u547d\u4e2d\u56de\u586b\u8981\u52a0\u9501（\u5355\u98de）\u3002<\/p>\n

                CHM \u751f\u4ea7\u5751：computeIfAbsent(key, fn) \u7684 fn \u662f\u5728\u9501\u5185\u6267\u884c\u7684 \u2014\u2014 \u6162\u64cd\u4f5c（\u67e5\u5e93\u3001\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528）\u4f1a\u9501\u4f4f\u6574\u4e2a\u6876\u62d6\u57ae\u5e76\u53d1；\u4e14\u8bed\u4e49\u4e0b fn \u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u5e76\u53d1\u6267\u884c\u591a\u6b21\u3001\u540e\u5199\u8986\u76d6\u5148\u5199\u3002\u9ad8\u6210\u672c\u56de\u586b\u4e0d\u8981\u76f4\u63a5\u585e\u8fdb fn，\u5e94\u6539\u4e3a\u5feb\u901f\u5360\u4f4d + \u5f02\u6b65\u56de\u586b，\u6216\u7528 " \u5148 get \u5224\u7a7a \u2192 putIfAbsent" \u6a21\u5f0f\u81ea\u5df1\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

                5.2 \u914d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u76d1\u542c：CopyOnWriteArrayList<\/h4>\n

                \u8bfb\u591a\u5199\u6781\u5c11\u7684\u5178\u578b：\u8def\u7531\u8868\u3001\u5f00\u5173\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u76d1\u542c\u5668\u6ce8\u518c\u8868\u3002\u8bfb\u8def\u5f84\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u8d70\u3001\u5199\u8def\u5f84\u5206\u949f\u7ea7\u4e00\u6b21 \u2014\u2014 \u6b63\u662f COW \u7684\u751c\u871c\u70b9\u3002\u7981\u6b62\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u9891\u5199（\u6bcf\u6b21\u5199\u590d\u5236\u6570\u7ec4\u3001GC \u538b\u529b\u5927）；\u8fed\u4ee3\u5f31\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n

                5.3 \u961f\u5217\u4e0e\u80cc\u538b：BlockingQueue \u5168\u5bb6\u65cf<\/h4>\n\n\u961f\u5217\u7279\u6027\u67b6\u6784\u89d2\u8272<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                ArrayBlockingQueue<\/td>\n\u6709\u754c\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u5355\u9501<\/td>\n\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u9ed8\u8ba4\u80cc\u538b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                LinkedBlockingQueue<\/td>\n\u53cc\u9501\u3001\u9ed8\u8ba4\u65e0\u754c<\/td>\n\u9ad8\u541e\u5410\u4f46\u65e0\u754c\u6709 OOM \u98ce\u9669<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                SynchronousQueue<\/td>\n\u4e0d\u5b58\u5143\u7d20\u76f4\u63a5\u4f20\u9012<\/td>\n\u96f6\u7f13\u51b2\u76f4\u901a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                DelayQueue<\/td>\n\u65e0\u754c\u5ef6\u8fdf<\/td>\n\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u3001\u8d85\u65f6\u63a7\u5236<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                PriorityBlockingQueue<\/td>\n\u65e0\u754c\u4f18\u5148<\/td>\n\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4efb\u52a1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                ConcurrentLinkedQueue<\/td>\n\u65e0\u9501\u3001\u975e\u963b\u585e<\/td>\n\u9ad8\u9891\u5165\u961f\u51fa\u961f\u7684\u65e0\u754c\u65e0\u9501\u573a\u666f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                LinkedTransferQueue<\/td>\n\u65e0\u754c + transfer()<\/td>\n\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u6d88\u8d39\u8005 \u201c\u63a5\u624b\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                LinkedBlockingDeque<\/td>\n\u53cc\u7aef\u963b\u585e<\/td>\n\u5de5\u4f5c\u7a83\u53d6 \/ \u53cc\u5411\u961f\u5217<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                \u65b9\u6cd5\u65cf\u4e09\u5206\u6cd5：put\/take \u963b\u585e；offer(e)\/poll() \u975e\u963b\u585e（\u7acb\u5373\u8fd4\u56de false\/null）；offer(e,t)\/poll(t) \u9650\u65f6\u963b\u585e \u2014\u2014\u751f\u4ea7\u4ee3\u7801\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7528\u9650\u65f6\u7248\u672c，\u963b\u585e\u7248\u672c\u7528\u4e8e\u660e\u786e\u9700\u8981\u5f3a\u80cc\u538b\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n

                \u67b6\u6784\u94c1\u5f8b：\u65e0\u754c\u961f\u5217\u5c31\u662f\u9690\u60a3，\u9664\u975e\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u6d88\u8d39\u4fdd\u969c；SynchronousQueue \u914d CachedThreadPool \u662f \u201c\u4efb\u52a1\u5373\u6765\u5373\u8d70\u201d \u7ec4\u5408，\u4f46\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u65e0\u4e0a\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n

                5.4 \u6709\u5e8f\u5e76\u53d1\u96c6\u5408：ConcurrentSkipListMap\u3010\u8865\u9057\u3011<\/h4>\n

                \u9700\u8981\u5e76\u53d1 + \u6709\u5e8f\u7684 Map（\u6392\u884c\u699c\u3001\u8303\u56f4\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u70ed\u70b9 key \u6709\u5e8f）\u65f6，HashMap \u7cfb\u5217\u4e0d\u4fdd\u8bc1\u987a\u5e8f，\u7528\u8df3\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0：<\/p>\n

                ConcurrentSkipListMap<Long, String> ranking = new ConcurrentSkipListMap<>();
                \nranking.put(score, userId);
                \nranking.firstKey(); \/\/ \u6700\u9ad8\u5206
                \nranking.subMap(a, b); \/\/ \u8303\u56f4\u67e5\u8be2，\u5929\u7136\u6709\u5e8f<\/p>\n

                \u67b6\u6784\u4f18\u52bf：\u65e0\u9501\u8bfb + \u6709\u5e8f\u904d\u5386，\u66ff\u4ee3 \u201cConcurrentHashMap + \u6392\u5e8f\u201d \u6216 \u201c\u52a0\u9501 TreeMap\u201d；\u4ee3\u4ef7\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u7565\u9ad8\u3001\u5199\u7a0d\u6162\u3002<\/p>\n

                5.5 \u65e0\u9501\u67b6\u6784：\u539f\u5b50\u7c7b\u5bb6\u65cf\u5168\u666f\u3010\u8865\u9057\u3011<\/h4>\n\n\u7c7b\u522b\u4ee3\u8868\u573a\u666f<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                \u6807\u91cf\u539f\u5b50\u7c7b<\/td>\nAtomicInteger\/AtomicLong\/AtomicBoolean<\/td>\n\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u3001\u72b6\u6001\u4f4d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u539f\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4<\/td>\nAtomicIntegerArray\/LongArray\/ReferenceArray<\/td>\n\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u539f\u5b50\u66f4\u65b0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u539f\u5b50\u5b57\u6bb5\u66f4\u65b0\u5668<\/td>\nAtomicIntegerFieldUpdater\/LongFieldUpdater\/ReferenceFieldUpdater<\/td>\n\u76f4\u63a5\u66f4\u65b0\u666e\u901a\u7c7b\u7684 volatile \u5b57\u6bb5，\u7701\u5305\u88c5\u5bf9\u8c61\u5f00\u9500<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u7d2f\u52a0\u5668<\/td>\nLongAdder\/LongAccumulator\u3001DoubleAdder\/DoubleAccumulator<\/td>\n\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u7d2f\u52a0，sum () \u975e\u5f3a\u4e00\u81f4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u5f15\u7528<\/td>\nAtomicReference\u3001AtomicReferenceArray<\/td>\n\u5f15\u7528\u539f\u5b50\u66ff\u6362<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                \u67b6\u6784\u63d0\u9192：LongAdder \u7528\u4e8e \u201c\u5c55\u793a\u578b\u7edf\u8ba1\u201d（PV\u3001\u6307\u6807）\u53ef\u4ee5，\u7528\u4e8e \u201c\u7cbe\u786e\u5bf9\u8d26\u201d \u4e0d\u884c；Disruptor（\u65e0\u9501\u73af\u5f62\u7f13\u51b2）\u662f\u6781\u81f4\u541e\u5410\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u5f69\u86cb（\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u64ae\u5408）\u3002<\/p>\n

                \n

                \u7b2c 6 \u7ae0 \u5e76\u53d1\u5b89\u5168\u8bbe\u8ba1：\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u57fa\u77f3<\/h3>\n

                \u9501\u548c\u5bb9\u5668\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u662f \u201c\u5171\u4eab\u600e\u4e48\u7ba1\u201d，\u4f46\u6700\u597d\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u662f \u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u5171\u4eab\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

                6.1 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u5c01\u95ed<\/h4>\n
                  \n
                • \u6808\u5c01\u95ed：\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u5929\u7136\u7ebf\u7a0b\u79c1\u6709，\u65e0\u9700\u540c\u6b65<\/li>\n
                • ThreadLocal \u5c01\u95ed：\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e00\u4efd\u526f\u672c，\u5f7b\u5e95\u907f\u514d\u5171\u4eab<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  6.2 \u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61：\u6700\u5f3a\u5e76\u53d1\u5b89\u5168<\/h4>\n

                  \u72b6\u6001\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8 \u2192 \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ea\u8bfb\u4e0d\u5199，\u5929\u7136\u65e0\u7ade\u6001\u3002\u67b6\u6784\u4e0a\u4f18\u5148\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61（\u5982\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u9879\u3001\u8ba2\u5355\u5feb\u7167）：<\/p>\n

                  public final class Config { \/\/ final \u7c7b
                  \n private final int timeout; \/\/ final \u5b57\u6bb5，\u6784\u9020\u5185\u8d4b\u503c
                  \n private final String url;
                  \n public Config(int timeout, String url) { this.timeout = timeout; this.url = url; }
                  \n \/\/ \u53ea\u63d0\u4f9b getter，\u65e0 setter
                  \n}<\/p>\n

                  \u914d\u5408 JMM \u7684 final \u8bed\u4e49（\u6784\u9020\u5185\u5199\u5165 + \u5b89\u5168\u53d1\u5e03\u540e\u53ef\u89c1），\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u65e0\u9501\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n

                  6.3 \u5b89\u5168\u53d1\u5e03<\/h4>\n

                  \u5bf9\u8c61\u5728\u6784\u9020\u5b8c\u6210\u524d\u88ab \u201c\u66b4\u9732\u201d \u4f1a\u7834\u574f final \/ \u53ef\u89c1\u6027\u4fdd\u8bc1\u3002\u5b89\u5168\u53d1\u5e03\u56db\u65b9\u5f0f：volatile \u5f15\u7528\u3001final\u3001\u9501（synchronized\/Lock）\u3001\u5e76\u53d1\u5bb9\u5668\u3002\u7981\u6b62 this \u9003\u9038（\u6784\u9020\u5185\u628a this \u4f20\u7ed9\u522b\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b \/ \u6ce8\u518c\u76d1\u542c\u5668）\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u539f\u5219：\u80fd final \u5c31 final，\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c31 volatile，\u518d\u4e0d\u80fd\u624d\u4e0a\u9501 \/ \u5bb9\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

                  6.4 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u5355\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\u65b9\u5f0f\u5e76\u53d1\u5b89\u5168\u4f9d\u636e\u67b6\u6784\u63a8\u8350\u5ea6<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
                  \u997f\u6c49（static final）<\/td>\n\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\u5373\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/td>\n\u7b80\u5355\u573a\u666f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u9759\u6001\u5185\u90e8\u7c7b Holder<\/td>\n<clinit> \u540c\u6b65 + HB \u89c4\u5219<\/td>\n\u63a8\u8350，\u65e0\u9501\u65e0 DCL \u9690\u60a3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u679a\u4e3e<\/td>\nJVM \u4fdd\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4f8b\u552f\u4e00 + \u9632\u53cd\u5c04 \/ \u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316<\/td>\n\u5b89\u5168\u654f\u611f\u573a\u666f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  DCL + volatile<\/td>\nvolatile \u7981\u91cd\u6392（\u8be6\u89c1\u9501\u7bc7）<\/td>\n\u9762\u8bd5\u8003\u70b9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                  6.5 \u751f\u4ea7\u8005 – \u6d88\u8d39\u8005：\u961f\u5217\u89e3\u8026<\/h4>\n

                  \u67b6\u6784\u672c\u8d28：\u7528 BlockingQueue \u628a \u201c\u751f\u4ea7\u901f\u7387\u201d \u548c \u201c\u6d88\u8d39\u901f\u7387\u201d \u89e3\u8026，\u5929\u7136\u524a\u5cf0：<\/p>\n

                  BlockingQueue<Task> queue = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(1024);
                  \nqueue.put(task); \/\/ \u751f\u4ea7\u8005，\u6ee1\u4e86\u963b\u585e=\u80cc\u538b
                  \nTask t = queue.take(); \/\/ \u6d88\u8d39\u8005，\u7a7a\u4e86\u963b\u585e<\/p>\n

                  \n

                  \u7b2c 7 \u7ae0 \u5e76\u53d1\u95ee\u9898\u6cbb\u7406\u67b6\u6784<\/h3>\n

                  7.1 \u4e09\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u6cbb\u7406<\/h4>\n\n\u95ee\u9898\u672c\u8d28\u67b6\u6784\u6cbb\u7406<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
                  \u6b7b\u9501<\/td>\n\u8d44\u6e90\u73af<\/td>\n\u8d44\u6e90\u7f16\u53f7\u6309\u5e8f\u7533\u8bf7；tryLock(timeout)；\u7edf\u4e00\u6536\u53e3\u52a0\u9501<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u6d3b\u9501<\/td>\n\u5bf9\u79f0\u8c26\u8ba9<\/td>\n\u968f\u673a \/ \u6307\u6570\u9000\u907f\u3001\u9650\u91cd\u8bd5\u6b21\u6570\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b ID \u6392\u5e8f\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u9000\u8ba9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u9965\u997f<\/td>\n\u6301\u7eed\u63d2\u961f<\/td>\nReentrantLock \u516c\u5e73\u9501（\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u907f\u514d）；synchronized \u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                  \u6b7b\u9501\u6cbb\u7406\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5：\u8bbe\u8ba1\u671f（\u8d44\u6e90\u6392\u5e8f\u675c\u7edd\u5faa\u73af\u7b49\u5f85）\u2192 \u8fd0\u884c\u671f（\u9501\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u957f\u76d1\u63a7）\u2192 \u515c\u5e95\u671f（jstack\/jcmd\/Arthas\/JFR）\u3002<\/p>\n

                  7.2 \u5bb9\u91cf\u76d1\u63a7：\u6307\u6807\u2192\u52a8\u4f5c\u95ed\u73af<\/h4>\n\n\u6307\u6807\u542b\u4e49\u544a\u8b66\u65b9\u5411\u52a8\u4f5c<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                  \u6d3b\u8dc3\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570 \/ \u6838\u5fc3\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570<\/td>\n\u6c60\u5229\u7528\u7387<\/td>\n\u6301\u7eed > 80%<\/td>\n\u6269\u5bb9 \/ \u67e5\u6162\u4efb\u52a1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u961f\u5217\u79ef\u538b\u6570<\/td>\n\u80cc\u538b\u6c34\u4f4d<\/td>\n\u6301\u7eed\u589e\u957f<\/td>\n\u52a8\u6001\u6269\u5bb9 \/ \u89e6\u53d1\u964d\u7ea7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u62d2\u7edd\u6b21\u6570<\/td>\n\u8fc7\u8f7d\u4fe1\u53f7<\/td>\n> 0 \u5373\u544a\u8b66<\/td>\n\u8f6c\u8865\u507f\u961f\u5217 \/ \u9650\u6d41\u6536\u7d27<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u4efb\u52a1 P99 \u8017\u65f6<\/td>\n\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b<\/td>\n\u52a3\u5316\u5373\u544a\u8b66<\/td>\n\u5b9a\u4f4d\u74f6\u9888 \/ \u4f18\u5316\u4f9d\u8d56<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u5404\u9694\u79bb\u6c60\u72ec\u7acb\u76d1\u63a7<\/td>\n\u9694\u79bb\u662f\u5426\u751f\u6548<\/td>\n\u5355\u6c60\u5f02\u5e38<\/td>\n\u4ec5\u9694\u79bb\u5355\u57df，\u4e0d\u6269\u6563<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                  \u67b6\u6784\u542b\u4e49：\u6307\u6807\u5fc5\u987b\u80fd\u89e6\u53d1\u52a8\u4f5c（\u6269\u5bb9 \/ \u964d\u7ea7 \/ \u9650\u6d41 \/ \u8865\u507f）\u624d\u662f\u95ed\u73af \u2014\u2014 \u6ca1\u6709\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u6307\u6807\u53ea\u662f\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n

                  7.3 \u6392\u67e5\u4f53\u7cfb：\u751f\u4ea7\u7ea7\u4e09\u677f\u65a7<\/h4>\n

                  jstack -l <pid>（\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8f6c\u50a8\u770b BLOCKED\/WAITING \u5206\u5e03）\u2192 jcmd <pid> Thread.print（JDK8+ \u66f4\u5168）\u2192 JFR（\u751f\u4ea7\u6301\u7eed\u8bb0\u5f55\u3001\u4e8b\u540e\u56de\u653e，\u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u542f）\u3002<\/p>\n

                  \n

                  \u7ed3\u5c3e：\u8d2f\u7a7f\u6848\u4f8b \u2014\u2014 \u8ba2\u5355\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u5c42\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h3>\n

                  \u628a\u5168\u7bc7\u4e32\u6210\u4e00\u6761\u7ebf，\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba2\u5355\u521b\u5efa\u63a5\u53e3\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u4e94\u57df\u601d\u7ef4\u8bbe\u8ba1：<\/p>\n

                  \/\/ \u2460 \u5c11\u5171\u4eab：\u8ba2\u5355\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e3a\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61（\u7b2c6\u7ae0）
                  \nOrderContext ctx = new OrderContext(orderId, userId); \/\/ final \u5b57\u6bb5 + \u5b89\u5168\u53d1\u5e03<\/p>\n

                  \/\/ \u2461 \u5bb9\u91cf：\u4e1a\u52a1\u9694\u79bb\u6c60\u5f02\u6b65\u5e76\u884c\u7f16\u6392（\u7b2c2\/3\u7ae0）
                  \nCompletableFuture<Stock> stockF = supplyAsync(() -> stockService.check(ctx), bizPool)
                  \n .orTimeout(500, MILLISECONDS)
                  \n .exceptionally(e -> { metrics.incFail("stock"); return Stock.empty(); }); \/\/ \u53ef\u8bc6\u522b\u964d\u7ea7
                  \nCompletableFuture<Account> acctF = supplyAsync(() -> accountService.deduct(ctx), bizPool)
                  \n .orTimeout(500, MILLISECONDS)
                  \n .exceptionally(e -> { metrics.incFail("account"); return Account.empty(); });<\/p>\n

                  \/\/ \u2462 \u964d\u7ea7\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u5ffd\u7565：\u5148\u6821\u9a8c\u518d\u7ec4\u88c5，\u7f3a\u4f9d\u8d56\u8d70\u8865\u507f，\u800c\u4e0d\u662f NPE
                  \nStock stock = stockF.join();
                  \nAccount acct = acctF.join();
                  \nif (!stock.isValid() || !acct.isValid()) {
                  \n compensationQueue.offer(ctx); \/\/ \u8865\u507f\u91cd\u653e（\u6cbb\u7406\u57df\u95ed\u73af）
                  \n} else {
                  \n Order order = orderService.create(ctx, stock, acct); \/\/ \u8ba2\u5355\u8868 CHM \u7f13\u5b58\u70ed\u70b9
                  \n}<\/p>\n

                  \u8fd9\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u7b54\u6848：\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u51cf\u5c11\u7ade\u4e89 \u2192 \u9694\u79bb\u6c60\u9632\u96ea\u5d29 \u2192 \u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u6392\u964d\u5ef6\u8fdf \u2192 \u53ef\u8bc6\u522b\u964d\u7ea7 + \u8865\u507f\u515c\u5e95 \u2192 CHM\/COW \u7ba1\u5171\u4eab \u2192 \u6307\u6807\u95ed\u73af\u4fdd\u7a33\u6001\u3002\u964d\u7ea7\u4e0d\u662f\u5ffd\u7565\u9519\u8bef \u2014\u2014\u964d\u7ea7\u7ed3\u679c\u5fc5\u987b\u53ef\u8bc6\u522b\u3001\u53ef\u6821\u9a8c\u3001\u53ef\u8865\u507f\u3002<\/p>\n

                  \u5e76\u53d1\u5c42\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1 Checklist<\/h3>\n
                    \n
                  • \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b：\u963b\u585e \/ \u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af \/ \u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u5339\u914d IO \u7279\u6027？（\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0d\u89e3\u51b3\u8fc7\u8f7d）<\/li>\n
                  • \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60：\u6709\u754c\u961f\u5217 + \u660e\u786e\u62d2\u7edd\u7b56\u7565 + \u547d\u540d\u5de5\u5382 + \u72ec\u7acb\u57cb\u70b9 + \u521d\u59cb\u53c2\u6570\u6709\u4f9d\u636e？<\/li>\n
                  • \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u9694\u79bb：\u4e1a\u52a1 \/ IO \/ \u5b9a\u65f6 \/ Tomcat \u5206\u79bb？\u4f18\u96c5\u505c\u673a\u6d41\u7a0b\u5c31\u4f4d？<\/li>\n
                  • \u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u6392：CompletableFuture \u663e\u5f0f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60 + \u8d85\u65f6 + \u964d\u7ea7（\u53ef\u8bc6\u522b\u3001\u53ef\u6821\u9a8c\u3001\u53ef\u8865\u507f）？<\/li>\n
                  • \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587：TTL \u4f20\u9012 + finally remove，\u675c\u7edd\u8de8\u8bf7\u6c42\u6c61\u67d3？<\/li>\n
                  • \u9650\u6d41：\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f（\u5165\u53e3）+ \u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf（\u8d44\u6e90）\u53e0\u52a0？<\/li>\n
                  • \u5bb9\u5668：CHM \u7f13\u5b58\u3001COW \u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u961f\u5217\u80cc\u538b\u3001\u8df3\u8868\u6709\u5e8f，\u5339\u914d\u8bfb\u5199\u6bd4？<\/li>\n
                  • \u5b89\u5168\u8bbe\u8ba1：\u4f18\u5148\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61 + \u5b89\u5168\u53d1\u5e03 + \u7ebf\u7a0b\u5c01\u95ed，\u51cf\u5c11\u5171\u4eab？<\/li>\n
                  • \u6cbb\u7406：\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u6307\u6807\u2192\u52a8\u4f5c\u95ed\u73af + \u62d2\u7edd\u544a\u8b66 + \u6b7b\u9501 \/ \u6d3b\u9501 \/ \u9965\u997f\u515c\u5e95\u5c31\u4f4d？<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    \u91d1\u53e5：\u5e76\u53d1\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u4e0d\u662f \u201c\u600e\u4e48\u7528\u9501\u201d，\u800c\u662f \u201c\u54ea\u6bb5\u5e76\u884c\u3001\u54ea\u6bb5\u4e32\u884c\u3001\u54ea\u91cc\u9650\u6d41\u3001\u54ea\u91cc\u9694\u79bb\u3001\u54ea\u91cc\u89c2\u6d4b\u3001\u54ea\u91cc\u4e0d\u5171\u4eab\u201d\u3002JMM \u4e0e\u9501\u89e3\u51b3 \u201c\u6b63\u786e\u201d，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u4e0e\u5de5\u5177\u89e3\u51b3 \u201c\u5bb9\u91cf\u201d，\u5bb9\u5668\u89e3\u51b3 \u201c\u5171\u4eab\u201d，\u5b89\u5168\u8bbe\u8ba1\u89e3\u51b3 \u201c\u5c11\u5171\u4eab\u201d，\u6cbb\u7406\u89e3\u51b3 \u201c\u7a33\u6001\u201d\u2014\u2014 \u4e94\u57df\u5408\u4e00\u624d\u53eb\u67b6\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n

                    \"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                    \u6587\u7ae0\u6536\u5f55\u4e13\u680f：Java \u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u7406\u5168\u89e3：\u6e90\u7801\u30fb\u5e76\u53d1\u30fb\u9762\u8bd5\u5b9e\u6218 \u7cfb\u5217\u6587\u7ae0： Java \u5e76\u53d1\u9501\u673a\u5236：\u4ece\u5e95\u5c42\u539f\u7406\u5230\u9501\u5347\u7ea7，\u8fd9\u4e00\u7bc7\u5c31\u591f\u4e86 \u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3 Java \u5185\u5b58\u6a21\u578b（JMM）：\u4ece\u62bd\u8c61\u89c4\u8303\u5230\u751f\u4ea7\u5b9e\u8df5 Java \u7ebf\u7a0b\u4ece\u751f\u5230\u6b7b：\u521b\u5efa\u4e09\u5f0f\u3001\u516d\u6001\u6d41\u8f6c\u3001\u4e2d\u65ad\u534f\u4f5c\u4e0e\u6b7b\u9501\u6d3b\u9501\u9965\u997f，\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bb2\u900f Java \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u4e03\u95ee\u4e03\u7b54：\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u7a0b\u3001\u62d2\u7edd\u7b56\u7565\u5230 Th<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":101963,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[6885,99,61,3169,188],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-101965","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server","tag-6885","tag-java","tag-61","tag-3169","tag-188"],"yoast_head":"\nJava \u5e76\u53d1\u7f16\u7a0b\u67b6\u6784\u5168\u666f\uff1a\u5e76\u53d1\u5c42\u7684\u4e94\u57df\u8bbe\u8ba1 \u2014\u2014 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u9694\u79bb\u3001\u5e76\u53d1\u5b89\u5168\u5230\u95ee\u9898\u6cbb\u7406\uff08\u5168\u4f53\u7cfb\u6c47\u603b\uff09 - 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