{"id":101873,"date":"2026-09-07T18:33:03","date_gmt":"2026-09-07T10:33:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/101873.html"},"modified":"2026-09-07T18:33:03","modified_gmt":"2026-09-07T10:33:03","slug":"%e4%bb%8e%e9%9b%b6%e5%88%b0%e7%b2%be%e9%80%9a%ef%bc%9amysql-8-0%e4%bc%81%e4%b8%9a%e7%ba%a7%e9%83%a8%e7%bd%b2%e4%b8%8esql%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e5%ae%9e%e6%88%98%e5%85%a8%e6%94%bb%e7%95%a5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/101873.html","title":{"rendered":"\u4ece\u96f6\u5230\u7cbe\u901a\uff1aMySQL 8.0\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u90e8\u7f72\u4e0eSQL\u57fa\u7840\u5b9e\u6218\u5168\u653b\u7565"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4ece\u96f6\u5230\u7cbe\u901a：MySQL 8.0\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u90e8\u7f72\u4e0eSQL\u57fa\u7840\u5b9e\u6218\u5168\u653b\u7565<\/h2>\n

\u5728\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u65f6\u4ee3，\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fd0\u7ef4\u80fd\u529b\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u540e\u7aef\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u548cDBA\u7684\u5fc5\u5907\u6280\u80fd\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u5e26\u4f60\u5728\u4e00\u53f0\u5168\u65b0\u7684Ubuntu 24.04\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a，\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb\u5b8c\u6210MySQL 8.0\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\u5b89\u88c5\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u914d\u7f6e，\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5458\u5de5\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u6848\u4f8b，\u5b9e\u6218\u6f14\u7ec3SQL\u57fa\u7840\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65b9\u65b9\u9762\u9762\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u5efa\u5e93\u5efa\u8868\u5230\u590d\u6742\u67e5\u8be2，\u4ece\u7d22\u5f15\u4f18\u5316\u5230\u4e8b\u52a1\u63a7\u5236，\u4ece\u89c6\u56fe\u5230\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b，\u4e00\u7f51\u6253\u5c3d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u73af\u5883\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h3>\n

\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e<\/h4>\n\n\u9879\u76ee\u914d\u7f6e\u8be6\u60c5<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf<\/td>\nUbuntu 24.04.4 LTS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
MySQL\u7248\u672c<\/td>\n8.0.46 (\u5b98\u65b9apt\u6e90)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u670d\u52a1\u5668IP<\/td>\n1.94.229.94 (\u516c\u7f51) \/ 192.168.0.145 (\u79c1\u6709)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CPU\u6838\u5fc3<\/td>\n8\u6838<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5185\u5b58<\/td>\n14GB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u78c1\u76d8<\/td>\n40GB (\u53ef\u752834GB)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4e3b\u673a\u540d<\/td>\necs-489e-510b-0001<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u73af\u5883\u9884\u68c0\u67e5<\/h4>\n

# \u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7248\u672c<\/span>
\nroot@ecs-489e-510b-0001:~# cat \/etc\/os-release | head -3<\/span>
\nPRETTY_NAME<\/span>=<\/span>"Ubuntu 24.04.4 LTS"<\/span>
\nNAME<\/span>=<\/span>"Ubuntu"<\/span><\/p>\n

# \u67e5\u770b\u5185\u5b58<\/span>
\nroot@ecs-489e-510b-0001:~# free -h<\/span>
\n total used free<\/span> shared buff\/cache available
\nMem: 14Gi 530Mi 14Gi 2<\/span>.5Mi 465Mi 14Gi<\/p>\n

# \u67e5\u770bCPU\u6838\u5fc3\u6570<\/span>
\nroot@ecs-489e-510b-0001:~# nproc<\/span>
\n8<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001MySQL 8.0\u5b89\u88c5\u90e8\u7f72<\/h3>\n

2.1 \u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6e90<\/h4>\n

root@ecs-489e-510b-0001:~# apt-get update -y<\/span>
\nGet:45 http:\/\/repo.huaweicloud.com\/ubuntu noble-security\/multiverse Translation-en [<\/span>11.1<\/span> kB]<\/span>
\nFetched 11.3<\/span> MB in<\/span> 5s (<\/span>2,213<\/span> kB\/s)<\/span>
\nReading package lists..<\/span>. Done<\/p>\n

2.2 \u5b89\u88c5MySQL Server<\/h4>\n

root@ecs-489e-510b-0001:~# DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y mysql-server<\/span>
\nSetting up mysql-server (<\/span>8.0<\/span>.46-0ubuntu0.24.04.4)<\/span> ..<\/span>.
\nSetting up libcgi-fast-perl (<\/span>1<\/span>:2.17-1)<\/span> ..<\/span>.
\nProcessing triggers for<\/span> man-db (<\/span>2.12<\/span>.0-4build2)<\/span> ..<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7248\u672c：<\/p>\n

root@ecs-489e-510b-0001:~# mysql –version<\/span>
\nmysql Ver 8.0<\/span>.46-0ubuntu0.24.04.4 for<\/span> Linux on x86_64 ((<\/span>Ubuntu))<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2.3 \u542f\u52a8\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u542f<\/h4>\n

root@ecs-489e-510b-0001:~# systemctl start mysql<\/span>
\nroot@ecs-489e-510b-0001:~# systemctl enable mysql<\/span>
\nSynchronizing state of mysql.service with SysV service<\/span> script with \/usr\/lib\/systemd\/systemd-sysv-install.
\nExecuting: \/usr\/lib\/systemd\/systemd-sysv-install enable<\/span> mysql<\/p>\n

root@ecs-489e-510b-0001:~# systemctl status mysql<\/span>
\n\u25cf mysql.service – MySQL Community Server
\n Loaded: loaded (<\/span>\/usr\/lib\/systemd\/system\/mysql.service;<\/span> enabled;<\/span> preset: enabled)<\/span>
\n Active: active (<\/span>running)<\/span> since Sun 2026<\/span>-09-06 01:52:48 CST;<\/span> 6s ago
\n Main PID: 8213<\/span> (<\/span>mysqld)<\/span>
\n Status: "Server is operational"<\/span>
\n Tasks: 38<\/span> (<\/span>limit: 18060<\/span>)<\/span>
\n Memory: 363<\/span>.8M (<\/span>peak: 378<\/span>.7M)<\/span><\/p>\n

2.4 \u914d\u7f6eroot\u7528\u6237\u4e0e\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee<\/h4>\n

Ubuntu 24.04\u5b89\u88c5\u7684MySQL 8.0\u9ed8\u8ba4root\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528auth_socket\u63d2\u4ef6，\u53ea\u80fd\u672c\u5730\u514d\u5bc6\u767b\u5f55\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5207\u6362\u4e3amysql_native_password\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801，\u540c\u65f6\u5141\u8bb8\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5：<\/p>\n

— \u8bbe\u7f6eroot\u5bc6\u7801\u5e76\u5207\u6362\u8ba4\u8bc1\u63d2\u4ef6<\/span>
\nALTER<\/span> USER<\/span> 'root'<\/span>@'localhost'<\/span> IDENTIFIED WITH<\/span> mysql_native_password BY<\/span> '1qaz@WSX'<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u521b\u5efa\u5141\u8bb8\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5\u7684root\u7528\u6237<\/span>
\nCREATE<\/span> USER<\/span> 'root'<\/span>@'%'<\/span> IDENTIFIED WITH<\/span> mysql_native_password BY<\/span> '1qaz@WSX'<\/span>;<\/span>
\nGRANT<\/span> ALL<\/span> PRIVILEGES<\/span> ON<\/span> *<\/span>.<\/span>*<\/span> TO<\/span> 'root'<\/span>@'%'<\/span> WITH<\/span> GRANT<\/span> OPTION<\/span>;<\/span>
\nFLUSH PRIVILEGES<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

2.5 \u4fee\u6539bind-address\u5141\u8bb8\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5<\/h4>\n

\u7f16\u8f91\/etc\/mysql\/mysql.conf.d\/mysqld.cnf，\u5c06bind-address\u4ece127.0.0.1\u6539\u4e3a0.0.0.0：<\/p>\n

# \u4fee\u6539\u524d<\/span>
\nbind-address =<\/span> 127.0<\/span>.0.1
\nmysqlx-bind-address =<\/span> 127.0<\/span>.0.1<\/p>\n

# \u4fee\u6539\u540e<\/span>
\nbind-address =<\/span> 0.0<\/span>.0.0
\nmysqlx-bind-address =<\/span> 0.0<\/span>.0.0<\/p>\n

\u91cd\u542fMySQL\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1：<\/p>\n

root@ecs-489e-510b-0001:~# systemctl restart mysql<\/span><\/p>\n

root@ecs-489e-510b-0001:~# mysql -u root -p'1qaz@WSX' -e "SELECT VERSION();"<\/span>
\nmysql: [<\/span>Warning]<\/span> Using a password on the command<\/span> line interface can be insecure.
\n+———–+
\n|<\/span> VERSION(<\/span>)<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+———–+
\n|<\/span> 8.0<\/span>.46 |<\/span>
\n+———–+<\/p>\n

root@ecs-489e-510b-0001:~# ss -tlnp | grep 3306<\/span>
\nLISTEN 0<\/span> 151<\/span> 0.0<\/span>.0.0:3306 0.0<\/span>.0.0:* users:((<\/span>"mysqld",<\/span>pid=<\/span>8213<\/span>,<\/span>fd=<\/span>23<\/span>))<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2.6 \u6570\u636e\u76ee\u5f55\u68c0\u67e5<\/h4>\n

root@ecs-489e-510b-0001:~# ls -la \/var\/lib\/mysql\/ | head -20<\/span>
\n-rw-r—– 1<\/span> mysql mysql 56<\/span> Sep 6<\/span> 01:53 auto.cnf
\n-rw-r—– 1<\/span> mysql mysql 180<\/span> Sep 6<\/span> 01:53 binlog.000001
\n-rw-r—– 1<\/span> mysql mysql 404<\/span> Sep 6<\/span> 01:53 binlog.000002
\n-rw-r—– 1<\/span> mysql mysql 1169<\/span> Sep 6<\/span> 01:54 binlog.000003
\n-rw-r—– 1<\/span> mysql mysql 157<\/span> Sep 6<\/span> 01:54 binlog.000004
\n-rw-r—– 1<\/span> mysql mysql 3500<\/span> Sep 6<\/span> 01:54 ib_buffer_pool
\n-rw-r—– 1<\/span> mysql mysql 12582912<\/span> Sep 6<\/span> 01:54 ibdata1
\n-rw-r—– 1<\/span> mysql mysql 12582912<\/span> Sep 6<\/span> 01:54 ibtmp1<\/p>\n

root@ecs-489e-510b-0001:~# df -h \/var\/lib\/mysql\/<\/span>
\nFilesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
\n\/dev\/vda1 40G 3<\/span>.8G 34G 11<\/span>% \/<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001SQL\u57fa\u7840\u5b9e\u64cd<\/h3>\n

3.1 \u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h4>\n

mysql><\/span> CREATE<\/span> DATABASE<\/span> testdb CHARACTER<\/span> SET<\/span> utf8mb4 COLLATE<\/span> utf8mb4_general_ci;<\/span>
\nQuery OK,<\/span> 1<\/span> row<\/span> affected (<\/span>0.01<\/span> sec)<\/span><\/p>\n

mysql><\/span> SHOW<\/span> DATABASES<\/span>;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——————–+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> Database<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——————–+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> information_schema |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> mysql |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> performance_schema |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> sys |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> testdb |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——————–+<\/span>
\n5<\/span> rows<\/span> in<\/span> set<\/span> (<\/span>0.00<\/span> sec)<\/span><\/p>\n

3.2 \u521b\u5efa\u5458\u5de5\u8868<\/h4>\n

USE<\/span> testdb;<\/span><\/p>\n

CREATE<\/span> TABLE<\/span> employees (<\/span>
\n id INT<\/span> AUTO_INCREMENT<\/span> PRIMARY<\/span> KEY<\/span>,<\/span>
\n name VARCHAR<\/span>(<\/span>50<\/span>)<\/span> NOT<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span>
\n age INT<\/span> NOT<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span>
\n department VARCHAR<\/span>(<\/span>30<\/span>)<\/span> NOT<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span>
\n salary DECIMAL<\/span>(<\/span>10<\/span>,<\/span>2<\/span>)<\/span> NOT<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span>
\n hire_date DATE<\/span> NOT<\/span> NULL<\/span>
\n)<\/span> ENGINE<\/span>=<\/span>InnoDB<\/span> DEFAULT<\/span> CHARSET<\/span>=<\/span>utf8mb4;<\/span><\/p>\n

mysql><\/span> DESC<\/span> employees;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>————+————–+——+—–+———+—————-+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> Field |<\/span> Type<\/span> |<\/span> Null<\/span> |<\/span> Key<\/span> |<\/span> Default<\/span> |<\/span> Extra |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>————+————–+——+—–+———+—————-+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> id |<\/span> int<\/span> |<\/span> NO<\/span> |<\/span> PRI |<\/span> NULL<\/span> |<\/span> auto_increment<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> name |<\/span> varchar<\/span>(<\/span>50<\/span>)<\/span> |<\/span> NO<\/span> |<\/span> |<\/span> NULL<\/span> |<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> age |<\/span> int<\/span> |<\/span> NO<\/span> |<\/span> |<\/span> NULL<\/span> |<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> department |<\/span> varchar<\/span>(<\/span>30<\/span>)<\/span> |<\/span> NO<\/span> |<\/span> |<\/span> NULL<\/span> |<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> salary |<\/span> decimal<\/span>(<\/span>10<\/span>,<\/span>2<\/span>)<\/span>|<\/span> NO<\/span> |<\/span> |<\/span> NULL<\/span> |<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> hire_date |<\/span> date<\/span> |<\/span> NO<\/span> |<\/span> |<\/span> NULL<\/span> |<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>————+————–+——+—–+———+—————-+<\/span><\/p>\n

3.3 \u63d2\u516520\u6761\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n

INSERT<\/span> INTO<\/span> employees (<\/span>name,<\/span> age,<\/span> department,<\/span> salary,<\/span> hire_date)<\/span> VALUES<\/span>
\n(<\/span>'\u5f20\u4f1f'<\/span>,<\/span> 28<\/span>,<\/span> '\u6280\u672f\u90e8'<\/span>,<\/span> 15000.00<\/span>,<\/span> '2022-03-15'<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n(<\/span>'\u674e\u5a1c'<\/span>,<\/span> 32<\/span>,<\/span> '\u5e02\u573a\u90e8'<\/span>,<\/span> 12000.00<\/span>,<\/span> '2021-06-20'<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n(<\/span>'\u738b\u82b3'<\/span>,<\/span> 25<\/span>,<\/span> '\u6280\u672f\u90e8'<\/span>,<\/span> 13000.00<\/span>,<\/span> '2023-01-10'<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n(<\/span>'\u5218\u6d0b'<\/span>,<\/span> 35<\/span>,<\/span> '\u7ba1\u7406\u90e8'<\/span>,<\/span> 25000.00<\/span>,<\/span> '2019-08-01'<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n(<\/span>'\u9648\u9759'<\/span>,<\/span> 29<\/span>,<\/span> '\u4eba\u4e8b\u90e8'<\/span>,<\/span> 11000.00<\/span>,<\/span> '2022-09-15'<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n(<\/span>'\u6768\u5149'<\/span>,<\/span> 31<\/span>,<\/span> '\u6280\u672f\u90e8'<\/span>,<\/span> 18000.00<\/span>,<\/span> '2020-04-18'<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n(<\/span>'\u8d75\u654f'<\/span>,<\/span> 27<\/span>,<\/span> '\u5e02\u573a\u90e8'<\/span>,<\/span> 11500.00<\/span>,<\/span> '2023-03-22'<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n(<\/span>'\u9ec4\u78ca'<\/span>,<\/span> 33<\/span>,<\/span> '\u6280\u672f\u90e8'<\/span>,<\/span> 20000.00<\/span>,<\/span> '2019-11-05'<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n(<\/span>'\u5468\u5a77'<\/span>,<\/span> 26<\/span>,<\/span> '\u4eba\u4e8b\u90e8'<\/span>,<\/span> 10500.00<\/span>,<\/span> '2023-07-01'<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n(<\/span>'\u5434\u5f3a'<\/span>,<\/span> 38<\/span>,<\/span> '\u7ba1\u7406\u90e8'<\/span>,<\/span> 30000.00<\/span>,<\/span> '2018-02-14'<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n(<\/span>'\u90d1\u723d'<\/span>,<\/span> 24<\/span>,<\/span> '\u6280\u672f\u90e8'<\/span>,<\/span> 12500.00<\/span>,<\/span> '2023-09-10'<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n(<\/span>'\u5b59\u6770'<\/span>,<\/span> 30<\/span>,<\/span> '\u5e02\u573a\u90e8'<\/span>,<\/span> 13500.00<\/span>,<\/span> '2021-12-01'<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n(<\/span>'\u9a6c\u4e3d'<\/span>,<\/span> 28<\/span>,<\/span> '\u4eba\u4e8b\u90e8'<\/span>,<\/span> 10800.00<\/span>,<\/span> '2022-05-18'<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n(<\/span>'\u6731\u6d9b'<\/span>,<\/span> 36<\/span>,<\/span> '\u6280\u672f\u90e8'<\/span>,<\/span> 22000.00<\/span>,<\/span> '2018-07-20'<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n(<\/span>'\u80e1\u71d5'<\/span>,<\/span> 29<\/span>,<\/span> '\u5e02\u573a\u90e8'<\/span>,<\/span> 12800.00<\/span>,<\/span> '2022-02-28'<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n(<\/span>'\u6797\u5cf0'<\/span>,<\/span> 34<\/span>,<\/span> '\u7ba1\u7406\u90e8'<\/span>,<\/span> 28000.00<\/span>,<\/span> '2019-05-15'<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n(<\/span>'\u4f55\u79c0'<\/span>,<\/span> 25<\/span>,<\/span> '\u6280\u672f\u90e8'<\/span>,<\/span> 13200.00<\/span>,<\/span> '2023-04-10'<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n(<\/span>'\u9ad8\u52c7'<\/span>,<\/span> 31<\/span>,<\/span> '\u5e02\u573a\u90e8'<\/span>,<\/span> 14000.00<\/span>,<\/span> '2020-10-08'<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n(<\/span>'\u7f57\u9759'<\/span>,<\/span> 27<\/span>,<\/span> '\u4eba\u4e8b\u90e8'<\/span>,<\/span> 11200.00<\/span>,<\/span> '2023-02-14'<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n(<\/span>'\u8c22\u660e'<\/span>,<\/span> 37<\/span>,<\/span> '\u6280\u672f\u90e8'<\/span>,<\/span> 24000.00<\/span>,<\/span> '2018-09-25'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

mysql><\/span> SELECT<\/span> COUNT<\/span>(<\/span>*<\/span>)<\/span> AS<\/span> total FROM<\/span> employees;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——-+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> total |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——-+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 20<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——-+<\/span><\/p>\n

3.4 \u57fa\u7840\u67e5\u8be2\u4e0e\u6761\u4ef6\u67e5\u8be2<\/h4>\n

\u5168\u8868\u67e5\u8be2：<\/p>\n

mysql><\/span> SELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> employees;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+——+—–+———–+———-+————+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> id |<\/span> name |<\/span> age |<\/span> department|<\/span> salary |<\/span> hire_date |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+——+—–+———–+———-+————+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 1<\/span> |<\/span> \u5f20\u4f1f |<\/span> 28<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 15000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2022<\/span>–<\/span>03<\/span>–<\/span>15<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 2<\/span> |<\/span> \u674e\u5a1c |<\/span> 32<\/span> |<\/span> \u5e02\u573a\u90e8 |<\/span> 12000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2021<\/span>–<\/span>06<\/span>–<\/span>20<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 3<\/span> |<\/span> \u738b\u82b3 |<\/span> 25<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 13000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2023<\/span>–<\/span>01<\/span>–<\/span>10<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 4<\/span> |<\/span> \u5218\u6d0b |<\/span> 35<\/span> |<\/span> \u7ba1\u7406\u90e8 |<\/span> 25000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2019<\/span>–<\/span>08<\/span>–<\/span>01<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 5<\/span> |<\/span> \u9648\u9759 |<\/span> 29<\/span> |<\/span> \u4eba\u4e8b\u90e8 |<\/span> 11000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2022<\/span>–<\/span>09<\/span>–<\/span>15<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 6<\/span> |<\/span> \u6768\u5149 |<\/span> 31<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 18000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2020<\/span>–<\/span>04<\/span>–<\/span>18<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 7<\/span> |<\/span> \u8d75\u654f |<\/span> 27<\/span> |<\/span> \u5e02\u573a\u90e8 |<\/span> 11500.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2023<\/span>–<\/span>03<\/span>–<\/span>22<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 8<\/span> |<\/span> \u9ec4\u78ca |<\/span> 33<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 20000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2019<\/span>–<\/span>11<\/span>–<\/span>05<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 9<\/span> |<\/span> \u5468\u5a77 |<\/span> 26<\/span> |<\/span> \u4eba\u4e8b\u90e8 |<\/span> 10500.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2023<\/span>–<\/span>07<\/span>–<\/span>01<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 10<\/span> |<\/span> \u5434\u5f3a |<\/span> 38<\/span> |<\/span> \u7ba1\u7406\u90e8 |<\/span> 30000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2018<\/span>–<\/span>02<\/span>–<\/span>14<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 11<\/span> |<\/span> \u90d1\u723d |<\/span> 24<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 12500.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2023<\/span>–<\/span>09<\/span>–<\/span>10<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 12<\/span> |<\/span> \u5b59\u6770 |<\/span> 30<\/span> |<\/span> \u5e02\u573a\u90e8 |<\/span> 13500.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2021<\/span>–<\/span>12<\/span>–<\/span>01<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 13<\/span> |<\/span> \u9a6c\u4e3d |<\/span> 28<\/span> |<\/span> \u4eba\u4e8b\u90e8 |<\/span> 10800.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2022<\/span>–<\/span>05<\/span>–<\/span>18<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 14<\/span> |<\/span> \u6731\u6d9b |<\/span> 36<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 22000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2018<\/span>–<\/span>07<\/span>–<\/span>20<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 15<\/span> |<\/span> \u80e1\u71d5 |<\/span> 29<\/span> |<\/span> \u5e02\u573a\u90e8 |<\/span> 12800.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2022<\/span>–<\/span>02<\/span>–<\/span>28<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 16<\/span> |<\/span> \u6797\u5cf0 |<\/span> 34<\/span> |<\/span> \u7ba1\u7406\u90e8 |<\/span> 28000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2019<\/span>–<\/span>05<\/span>–<\/span>15<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 17<\/span> |<\/span> \u4f55\u79c0 |<\/span> 25<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 13200.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2023<\/span>–<\/span>04<\/span>–<\/span>10<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 18<\/span> |<\/span> \u9ad8\u52c7 |<\/span> 31<\/span> |<\/span> \u5e02\u573a\u90e8 |<\/span> 14000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2020<\/span>–<\/span>10<\/span>–<\/span>08<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 19<\/span> |<\/span> \u7f57\u9759 |<\/span> 27<\/span> |<\/span> \u4eba\u4e8b\u90e8 |<\/span> 11200.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2023<\/span>–<\/span>02<\/span>–<\/span>14<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 20<\/span> |<\/span> \u8c22\u660e |<\/span> 37<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 24000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2018<\/span>–<\/span>09<\/span>–<\/span>25<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+——+—–+———–+———-+————+<\/span>
\n20<\/span> rows<\/span> in<\/span> set<\/span> (<\/span>0.00<\/span> sec)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6761\u4ef6\u67e5\u8be2\u2014\u2014\u85aa\u8d44\u5927\u4e8e15000\u7684\u5458\u5de5：<\/p>\n

mysql><\/span> SELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> employees WHERE<\/span> salary ><\/span> 15000<\/span>;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+——+—–+———–+———-+————+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> id |<\/span> name |<\/span> age |<\/span> department|<\/span> salary |<\/span> hire_date |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+——+—–+———–+———-+————+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 4<\/span> |<\/span> \u5218\u6d0b |<\/span> 35<\/span> |<\/span> \u7ba1\u7406\u90e8 |<\/span> 25000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2019<\/span>–<\/span>08<\/span>–<\/span>01<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 6<\/span> |<\/span> \u6768\u5149 |<\/span> 31<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 18000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2020<\/span>–<\/span>04<\/span>–<\/span>18<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 8<\/span> |<\/span> \u9ec4\u78ca |<\/span> 33<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 20000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2019<\/span>–<\/span>11<\/span>–<\/span>05<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 10<\/span> |<\/span> \u5434\u5f3a |<\/span> 38<\/span> |<\/span> \u7ba1\u7406\u90e8 |<\/span> 30000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2018<\/span>–<\/span>02<\/span>–<\/span>14<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 14<\/span> |<\/span> \u6731\u6d9b |<\/span> 36<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 22000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2018<\/span>–<\/span>07<\/span>–<\/span>20<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 16<\/span> |<\/span> \u6797\u5cf0 |<\/span> 34<\/span> |<\/span> \u7ba1\u7406\u90e8 |<\/span> 28000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2019<\/span>–<\/span>05<\/span>–<\/span>15<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 20<\/span> |<\/span> \u8c22\u660e |<\/span> 37<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 24000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2018<\/span>–<\/span>09<\/span>–<\/span>25<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+——+—–+———–+———-+————+<\/span>
\n7<\/span> rows<\/span> in<\/span> set<\/span> (<\/span>0.00<\/span> sec)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u591a\u6761\u4ef6\u67e5\u8be2\u2014\u2014\u6280\u672f\u90e8\u4e14\u5e74\u9f84\u5927\u4e8e30\u5c81：<\/p>\n

mysql><\/span> SELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> employees WHERE<\/span> department=<\/span>'\u6280\u672f\u90e8'<\/span> AND<\/span> age ><\/span> 30<\/span>;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+——+—–+———–+———-+————+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> id |<\/span> name |<\/span> age |<\/span> department|<\/span> salary |<\/span> hire_date |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+——+—–+———–+———-+————+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 6<\/span> |<\/span> \u6768\u5149 |<\/span> 31<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 18000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2020<\/span>–<\/span>04<\/span>–<\/span>18<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 8<\/span> |<\/span> \u9ec4\u78ca |<\/span> 33<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 20000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2019<\/span>–<\/span>11<\/span>–<\/span>05<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 14<\/span> |<\/span> \u6731\u6d9b |<\/span> 36<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 22000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2018<\/span>–<\/span>07<\/span>–<\/span>20<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 20<\/span> |<\/span> \u8c22\u660e |<\/span> 37<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 24000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2018<\/span>–<\/span>09<\/span>–<\/span>25<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+——+—–+———–+———-+————+<\/span>
\n4<\/span> rows<\/span> in<\/span> set<\/span> (<\/span>0.00<\/span> sec)<\/span><\/p>\n

BETWEEN\u3001IN\u3001LIKE\u67e5\u8be2：<\/p>\n

— \u5e74\u9f84\u572825\u523030\u5c81\u4e4b\u95f4<\/span>
\nmysql><\/span> SELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> employees WHERE<\/span> age BETWEEN<\/span> 25<\/span> AND<\/span> 30<\/span>;<\/span>
\n— \u8fd4\u56de10\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u6280\u672f\u90e8\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u90e8\u5458\u5de5<\/span>
\nmysql><\/span> SELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> employees WHERE<\/span> department IN<\/span> (<\/span>'\u6280\u672f\u90e8'<\/span>,<\/span>'\u7ba1\u7406\u90e8'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n— \u8fd4\u56de11\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u59d3"\u5f20"\u7684\u5458\u5de5<\/span>
\nmysql><\/span> SELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> employees WHERE<\/span> name LIKE<\/span> '\u5f20%'<\/span>;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+——+—–+———–+———-+————+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> id |<\/span> name |<\/span> age |<\/span> department|<\/span> salary |<\/span> hire_date |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+——+—–+———–+———-+————+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 1<\/span> |<\/span> \u5f20\u4f1f |<\/span> 28<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 15000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2022<\/span>–<\/span>03<\/span>–<\/span>15<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+——+—–+———–+———-+————+<\/span><\/p>\n

3.5 \u805a\u5408\u51fd\u6570\u4e0eGROUP BY<\/h4>\n

\u5168\u5c40\u805a\u5408\u7edf\u8ba1：<\/p>\n

mysql><\/span> SELECT<\/span> COUNT<\/span>(<\/span>*<\/span>)<\/span> AS<\/span> total,<\/span> AVG<\/span>(<\/span>salary)<\/span> AS<\/span> avg_salary,<\/span>
\n –<\/span>><\/span> MAX<\/span>(<\/span>salary)<\/span> AS<\/span> max_salary,<\/span> MIN<\/span>(<\/span>salary)<\/span> AS<\/span> min_salary,<\/span>
\n –<\/span>><\/span> SUM<\/span>(<\/span>salary)<\/span> AS<\/span> total_salary FROM<\/span> employees;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——-+————+————+————+————–+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> total |<\/span> avg_salary |<\/span> max_salary |<\/span> min_salary |<\/span> total_salary |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——-+————+————+————+————–+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 20<\/span> |<\/span> 16315.0000<\/span> |<\/span> 30000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 10500.00<\/span> |<\/span> 326300.00<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——-+————+————+————+————–+<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6309\u90e8\u95e8\u5206\u7ec4\u7edf\u8ba1：<\/p>\n

mysql><\/span> SELECT<\/span> department,<\/span> COUNT<\/span>(<\/span>*<\/span>)<\/span> AS<\/span> count,<\/span> AVG<\/span>(<\/span>salary)<\/span> AS<\/span> avg_salary,<\/span>
\n –<\/span>><\/span> SUM<\/span>(<\/span>salary)<\/span> AS<\/span> total_salary FROM<\/span> employees GROUP<\/span> BY<\/span> department;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>———–+——-+————+————–+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> department|<\/span> count |<\/span> avg_salary |<\/span> total_salary |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>———–+——-+————+————–+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 8<\/span> |<\/span> 16837.5000<\/span> |<\/span> 134700.00<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u5e02\u573a\u90e8 |<\/span> 5<\/span> |<\/span> 12760.0000<\/span> |<\/span> 63800.00<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u7ba1\u7406\u90e8 |<\/span> 3<\/span> |<\/span> 27666.6667<\/span> |<\/span> 83000.00<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u4eba\u4e8b\u90e8 |<\/span> 4<\/span> |<\/span> 10875.0000<\/span> |<\/span> 43500.00<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>———–+——-+————+————–+<\/span><\/p>\n

HAVING\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5206\u7ec4\u2014\u2014\u4eba\u6570\u5927\u4e8e3\u7684\u90e8\u95e8：<\/p>\n

mysql><\/span> SELECT<\/span> department,<\/span> COUNT<\/span>(<\/span>*<\/span>)<\/span> AS<\/span> count
\n –<\/span>><\/span> FROM<\/span> employees GROUP<\/span> BY<\/span> department HAVING<\/span> COUNT<\/span>(<\/span>*<\/span>)<\/span> ><\/span> 3<\/span>;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>———–+——-+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> department|<\/span> count |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>———–+——-+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 8<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u5e02\u573a\u90e8 |<\/span> 5<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u4eba\u4e8b\u90e8 |<\/span> 4<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>———–+——-+<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6392\u5e8f\u4e0e\u5206\u9875：<\/p>\n

— \u85aa\u8d44Top 5<\/span>
\nmysql><\/span> SELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> employees ORDER<\/span> BY<\/span> salary DESC<\/span> LIMIT<\/span> 5<\/span>;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+——+—–+———–+———-+————+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> id |<\/span> name |<\/span> age |<\/span> department|<\/span> salary |<\/span> hire_date |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+——+—–+———–+———-+————+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 10<\/span> |<\/span> \u5434\u5f3a |<\/span> 38<\/span> |<\/span> \u7ba1\u7406\u90e8 |<\/span> 30000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2018<\/span>–<\/span>02<\/span>–<\/span>14<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 16<\/span> |<\/span> \u6797\u5cf0 |<\/span> 34<\/span> |<\/span> \u7ba1\u7406\u90e8 |<\/span> 28000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2019<\/span>–<\/span>05<\/span>–<\/span>15<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 4<\/span> |<\/span> \u5218\u6d0b |<\/span> 35<\/span> |<\/span> \u7ba1\u7406\u90e8 |<\/span> 25000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2019<\/span>–<\/span>08<\/span>–<\/span>01<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 20<\/span> |<\/span> \u8c22\u660e |<\/span> 37<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 24000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2018<\/span>–<\/span>09<\/span>–<\/span>25<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 14<\/span> |<\/span> \u6731\u6d9b |<\/span> 36<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 22000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2018<\/span>–<\/span>07<\/span>–<\/span>20<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+——+—–+———–+———-+————+<\/span><\/p>\n

3.6 \u591a\u8868JOIN\u67e5\u8be2<\/h4>\n

\u9996\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u90e8\u95e8\u8868：<\/p>\n

CREATE<\/span> TABLE<\/span> departments (<\/span>
\n dept_id INT<\/span> AUTO_INCREMENT<\/span> PRIMARY<\/span> KEY<\/span>,<\/span>
\n dept_name VARCHAR<\/span>(<\/span>30<\/span>)<\/span> NOT<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span>
\n manager VARCHAR<\/span>(<\/span>50<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n location VARCHAR<\/span>(<\/span>50<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n budget DECIMAL<\/span>(<\/span>12<\/span>,<\/span>2<\/span>)<\/span>
\n)<\/span> ENGINE<\/span>=<\/span>InnoDB<\/span> DEFAULT<\/span> CHARSET<\/span>=<\/span>utf8mb4;<\/span><\/p>\n

INSERT<\/span> INTO<\/span> departments (<\/span>dept_name,<\/span> manager,<\/span> location,<\/span> budget)<\/span> VALUES<\/span>
\n(<\/span>'\u6280\u672f\u90e8'<\/span>,<\/span> '\u5218\u6d0b'<\/span>,<\/span> '\u5317\u4eac'<\/span>,<\/span> 500000.00<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n(<\/span>'\u5e02\u573a\u90e8'<\/span>,<\/span> '\u674e\u5a1c'<\/span>,<\/span> '\u4e0a\u6d77'<\/span>,<\/span> 300000.00<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n(<\/span>'\u7ba1\u7406\u90e8'<\/span>,<\/span> '\u5434\u5f3a'<\/span>,<\/span> '\u5317\u4eac'<\/span>,<\/span> 800000.00<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n(<\/span>'\u4eba\u4e8b\u90e8'<\/span>,<\/span> '\u9648\u9759'<\/span>,<\/span> '\u5e7f\u5dde'<\/span>,<\/span> 200000.00<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

INNER JOIN\u2014\u2014\u5173\u8054\u5458\u5de5\u4e0e\u90e8\u95e8：<\/p>\n

mysql><\/span> SELECT<\/span> e.<\/span>name,<\/span> e.<\/span>salary,<\/span> d.<\/span>dept_name,<\/span> d.<\/span>location
\n –<\/span>><\/span> FROM<\/span> employees e INNER<\/span> JOIN<\/span> departments d
\n –<\/span>><\/span> ON<\/span> e.<\/span>department =<\/span> d.<\/span>dept_name;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——+——+———–+———-+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> name |<\/span>salary|<\/span> dept_name |<\/span> location |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——+——+———–+———-+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u5f20\u4f1f |<\/span>15000<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> \u5317\u4eac |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u674e\u5a1c |<\/span>12000<\/span> |<\/span> \u5e02\u573a\u90e8 |<\/span> \u4e0a\u6d77 |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u738b\u82b3 |<\/span>13000<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> \u5317\u4eac |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u5218\u6d0b |<\/span>25000<\/span> |<\/span> \u7ba1\u7406\u90e8 |<\/span> \u5317\u4eac |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u9648\u9759 |<\/span>11000<\/span> |<\/span> \u4eba\u4e8b\u90e8 |<\/span> \u5e7f\u5dde |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u6768\u5149 |<\/span>18000<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> \u5317\u4eac |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u8d75\u654f |<\/span>11500<\/span> |<\/span> \u5e02\u573a\u90e8 |<\/span> \u4e0a\u6d77 |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u9ec4\u78ca |<\/span>20000<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> \u5317\u4eac |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u5468\u5a77 |<\/span>10500<\/span> |<\/span> \u4eba\u4e8b\u90e8 |<\/span> \u5e7f\u5dde |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u5434\u5f3a |<\/span>30000<\/span> |<\/span> \u7ba1\u7406\u90e8 |<\/span> \u5317\u4eac |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u90d1\u723d |<\/span>12500<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> \u5317\u4eac |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u5b59\u6770 |<\/span>13500<\/span> |<\/span> \u5e02\u573a\u90e8 |<\/span> \u4e0a\u6d77 |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u9a6c\u4e3d |<\/span>10800<\/span> |<\/span> \u4eba\u4e8b\u90e8 |<\/span> \u5e7f\u5dde |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u6731\u6d9b |<\/span>22000<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> \u5317\u4eac |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u80e1\u71d5 |<\/span>12800<\/span> |<\/span> \u5e02\u573a\u90e8 |<\/span> \u4e0a\u6d77 |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u6797\u5cf0 |<\/span>28000<\/span> |<\/span> \u7ba1\u7406\u90e8 |<\/span> \u5317\u4eac |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u4f55\u79c0 |<\/span>13200<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> \u5317\u4eac |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u9ad8\u52c7 |<\/span>14000<\/span> |<\/span> \u5e02\u573a\u90e8 |<\/span> \u4e0a\u6d77 |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u7f57\u9759 |<\/span>11200<\/span> |<\/span> \u4eba\u4e8b\u90e8 |<\/span> \u5e7f\u5dde |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u8c22\u660e |<\/span>24000<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> \u5317\u4eac |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——+——+———–+———-+<\/span>
\n20<\/span> rows<\/span> in<\/span> set<\/span> (<\/span>0.00<\/span> sec)<\/span><\/p>\n

LEFT JOIN + GROUP BY\u2014\u2014\u90e8\u95e8\u4eba\u6570\u4e0e\u5e73\u5747\u85aa\u8d44\u7edf\u8ba1：<\/p>\n

mysql><\/span> SELECT<\/span> d.<\/span>dept_name,<\/span> d.<\/span>manager,<\/span> COUNT<\/span>(<\/span>e.<\/span>id)<\/span> AS<\/span> emp_count,<\/span> AVG<\/span>(<\/span>e.<\/span>salary)<\/span> AS<\/span> avg_salary
\n –<\/span>><\/span> FROM<\/span> departments d LEFT<\/span> JOIN<\/span> employees e ON<\/span> d.<\/span>dept_name =<\/span> e.<\/span>department
\n –<\/span>><\/span> GROUP<\/span> BY<\/span> d.<\/span>dept_name,<\/span> d.<\/span>manager;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>———–+——–+———–+————+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> dept_name |<\/span> manager|<\/span> emp_count |<\/span> avg_salary |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>———–+——–+———–+————+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> \u5218\u6d0b |<\/span> 8<\/span> |<\/span> 16837.5000<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u5e02\u573a\u90e8 |<\/span> \u674e\u5a1c |<\/span> 5<\/span> |<\/span> 12760.0000<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u7ba1\u7406\u90e8 |<\/span> \u5434\u5f3a |<\/span> 3<\/span> |<\/span> 27666.6667<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u4eba\u4e8b\u90e8 |<\/span> \u9648\u9759 |<\/span> 4<\/span> |<\/span> 10875.0000<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>———–+——–+———–+————+<\/span><\/p>\n

3.7 \u5b50\u67e5\u8be2<\/h4>\n

\u67e5\u8be2\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5e73\u5747\u85aa\u8d44\u7684\u5458\u5de5：<\/p>\n

mysql><\/span> SELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> employees WHERE<\/span> salary ><\/span> (<\/span>SELECT<\/span> AVG<\/span>(<\/span>salary)<\/span> FROM<\/span> employees)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+——+—–+———–+———-+————+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> id |<\/span> name |<\/span> age |<\/span> department|<\/span> salary |<\/span> hire_date |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+——+—–+———–+———-+————+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 1<\/span> |<\/span> \u5f20\u4f1f |<\/span> 28<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 15000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2022<\/span>–<\/span>03<\/span>–<\/span>15<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 4<\/span> |<\/span> \u5218\u6d0b |<\/span> 35<\/span> |<\/span> \u7ba1\u7406\u90e8 |<\/span> 25000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2019<\/span>–<\/span>08<\/span>–<\/span>01<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 6<\/span> |<\/span> \u6768\u5149 |<\/span> 31<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 18000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2020<\/span>–<\/span>04<\/span>–<\/span>18<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 8<\/span> |<\/span> \u9ec4\u78ca |<\/span> 33<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 20000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2019<\/span>–<\/span>11<\/span>–<\/span>05<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 10<\/span> |<\/span> \u5434\u5f3a |<\/span> 38<\/span> |<\/span> \u7ba1\u7406\u90e8 |<\/span> 30000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2018<\/span>–<\/span>02<\/span>–<\/span>14<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 12<\/span> |<\/span> \u5b59\u6770 |<\/span> 30<\/span> |<\/span> \u5e02\u573a\u90e8 |<\/span> 13500.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2021<\/span>–<\/span>12<\/span>–<\/span>01<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 14<\/span> |<\/span> \u6731\u6d9b |<\/span> 36<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 22000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2018<\/span>–<\/span>07<\/span>–<\/span>20<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 15<\/span> |<\/span> \u80e1\u71d5 |<\/span> 29<\/span> |<\/span> \u5e02\u573a\u90e8 |<\/span> 12800.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2022<\/span>–<\/span>02<\/span>–<\/span>28<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 16<\/span> |<\/span> \u6797\u5cf0 |<\/span> 34<\/span> |<\/span> \u7ba1\u7406\u90e8 |<\/span> 28000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2019<\/span>–<\/span>05<\/span>–<\/span>15<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 18<\/span> |<\/span> \u9ad8\u52c7 |<\/span> 31<\/span> |<\/span> \u5e02\u573a\u90e8 |<\/span> 14000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2020<\/span>–<\/span>10<\/span>–<\/span>08<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 20<\/span> |<\/span> \u8c22\u660e |<\/span> 37<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 24000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2018<\/span>–<\/span>09<\/span>–<\/span>25<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+——+—–+———–+———-+————+<\/span>
\n11<\/span> rows<\/span> in<\/span> set<\/span> (<\/span>0.00<\/span> sec)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u76f8\u5173\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u2014\u2014\u5404\u90e8\u95e8\u85aa\u8d44\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u5458\u5de5：<\/p>\n

mysql><\/span> SELECT<\/span> e1.<\/span>name,<\/span> e1.<\/span>salary FROM<\/span> employees e1
\n –<\/span>><\/span> WHERE<\/span> e1.<\/span>salary =<\/span> (<\/span>SELECT<\/span> MAX<\/span>(<\/span>e2.<\/span>salary)<\/span> FROM<\/span> employees e2 WHERE<\/span> e2.<\/span>department =<\/span> e1.<\/span>department)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——+———-+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> name |<\/span> salary |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——+———-+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u5434\u5f3a |<\/span> 30000.00<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u8c22\u660e |<\/span> 24000.00<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u9ad8\u52c7 |<\/span> 14000.00<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u9648\u9759 |<\/span> 11000.00<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——+———-+<\/span>
\n4<\/span> rows<\/span> in<\/span> set<\/span> (<\/span>0.00<\/span> sec)<\/span><\/p>\n

3.8 \u7d22\u521b\u5efa\u4e0eEXPLAIN\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u5212\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n

\u521b\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15：<\/p>\n

— \u5355\u5217\u7d22\u5f15<\/span>
\nCREATE<\/span> INDEX<\/span> idx_department ON<\/span> employees(<\/span>department)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nCREATE<\/span> INDEX<\/span> idx_salary ON<\/span> employees(<\/span>salary)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u590d\u5408\u7d22\u5f15<\/span>
\nCREATE<\/span> INDEX<\/span> idx_dept_salary ON<\/span> employees(<\/span>department,<\/span> salary)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

mysql><\/span> SHOW<\/span> INDEX<\/span> FROM<\/span> employees;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>———–+—————–+—————–+————–+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> Table<\/span> |<\/span> Key_name |<\/span> Seq_in_index |<\/span> Column_name |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>———–+—————–+—————–+————–+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> employees |<\/span> PRIMARY<\/span> |<\/span> 1<\/span> |<\/span> id |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> employees |<\/span> idx_department |<\/span> 1<\/span> |<\/span> department |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> employees |<\/span> idx_salary |<\/span> 1<\/span> |<\/span> salary |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> employees |<\/span> idx_dept_salary |<\/span> 1<\/span> |<\/span> department |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> employees |<\/span> idx_dept_salary |<\/span> 2<\/span> |<\/span> salary |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>———–+—————–+—————–+————–+<\/span><\/p>\n

EXPLAIN\u5206\u6790\u2014\u2014\u6709\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u67e5\u8be2：<\/p>\n

mysql><\/span> EXPLAIN<\/span> SELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> employees WHERE<\/span> department=<\/span>'\u6280\u672f\u90e8'<\/span>;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+————-+———–+——-+———————+———————+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> id |<\/span> select_type |<\/span> table<\/span> |<\/span> type<\/span> |<\/span> possible_keys |<\/span> key<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+————-+———–+——-+———————+———————+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 1<\/span> |<\/span> SIMPLE<\/span> |<\/span> employees |<\/span> ref |<\/span> idx_department,<\/span>.<\/span>.<\/span>.<\/span> |<\/span> idx_department |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+————-+———–+——-+———————+———————+<\/span>
\n— type=ref，\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u67e5\u627e，\u6548\u7387\u9ad8<\/span><\/p>\n

EXPLAIN\u5206\u6790\u2014\u2014\u590d\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u67e5\u8be2：<\/p>\n

mysql><\/span> EXPLAIN<\/span> SELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> employees WHERE<\/span> department=<\/span>'\u6280\u672f\u90e8'<\/span> AND<\/span> salary ><\/span> 15000<\/span>;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+————-+———–+——-+———————+———————+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> id |<\/span> select_type |<\/span> table<\/span> |<\/span> type<\/span> |<\/span> possible_keys |<\/span> key<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+————-+———–+——-+———————+———————+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 1<\/span> |<\/span> SIMPLE<\/span> |<\/span> employees |<\/span> range |<\/span> idx_dept_salary,<\/span>.<\/span>.<\/span>.<\/span> |<\/span> idx_dept_salary |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+————-+———–+——-+———————+———————+<\/span>
\n— type=range，\u4f7f\u7528\u590d\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4\u626b\u63cf<\/span><\/p>\n

EXPLAIN\u5206\u6790\u2014\u2014\u65e0\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u5168\u8868\u626b\u63cf：<\/p>\n

mysql><\/span> EXPLAIN<\/span> SELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> employees WHERE<\/span> age ><\/span> 30<\/span>;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+————-+———–+——+—————+——+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> id |<\/span> select_type |<\/span> table<\/span> |<\/span> type<\/span> |<\/span> possible_keys |<\/span> key<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+————-+———–+——+—————+——+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 1<\/span> |<\/span> SIMPLE<\/span> |<\/span> employees |<\/span> ALL<\/span> |<\/span> NULL<\/span> |<\/span> NULL<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+————-+———–+——+—————+——+<\/span>
\n— type=ALL，\u5168\u8868\u626b\u63cf，\u9700\u8981\u4e3aage\u5b57\u6bb5\u6dfb\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f18\u5316\u5efa\u8bae：\u5f53type\u5217\u4e3aALL\u65f6\u8868\u793a\u5168\u8868\u626b\u63cf，\u5e94\u8003\u8651\u6dfb\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15\u3002ref\u548crange\u662f\u8f83\u4e3a\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

3.9 \u4e8b\u52a1\u64cd\u4f5c\u6f14\u793a<\/h4>\n

COMMIT\u63d0\u4ea4\u6f14\u793a：<\/p>\n

— \u67e5\u770b\u521d\u59cb\u503c<\/span>
\nmysql><\/span> SELECT<\/span> name,<\/span> salary FROM<\/span> employees WHERE<\/span> id=<\/span>1<\/span>;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——+———-+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> name |<\/span> salary |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——+———-+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u5f20\u4f1f |<\/span> 15000.00<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——+———-+<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u5f00\u542f\u4e8b\u52a1，\u52a0\u85aa1000<\/span>
\nmysql><\/span> BEGIN<\/span>;<\/span>
\nmysql><\/span> UPDATE<\/span> employees SET<\/span> salary=<\/span>salary+<\/span>1000<\/span> WHERE<\/span> id=<\/span>1<\/span>;<\/span>
\nmysql><\/span> SELECT<\/span> name,<\/span> salary FROM<\/span> employees WHERE<\/span> id=<\/span>1<\/span>;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——+———-+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> name |<\/span> salary |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——+———-+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u5f20\u4f1f |<\/span> 16000.00<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——+———-+<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u63d0\u4ea4\u4e8b\u52a1<\/span>
\nmysql><\/span> COMMIT<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u9a8c\u8bc1：\u6570\u636e\u5df2\u6c38\u4e45\u4fee\u6539<\/span>
\nmysql><\/span> SELECT<\/span> name,<\/span> salary FROM<\/span> employees WHERE<\/span> id=<\/span>1<\/span>;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——+———-+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> name |<\/span> salary |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——+———-+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u5f20\u4f1f |<\/span> 16000.00<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——+———-+<\/span><\/p>\n

ROLLBACK\u56de\u6eda\u6f14\u793a：<\/p>\n

— \u5f00\u542f\u4e8b\u52a1，\u51cf\u85aa5000<\/span>
\nmysql><\/span> BEGIN<\/span>;<\/span>
\nmysql><\/span> UPDATE<\/span> employees SET<\/span> salary=<\/span>salary–<\/span>5000<\/span> WHERE<\/span> id=<\/span>1<\/span>;<\/span>
\nmysql><\/span> SELECT<\/span> name,<\/span> salary FROM<\/span> employees WHERE<\/span> id=<\/span>1<\/span>;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——+———-+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> name |<\/span> salary |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——+———-+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u5f20\u4f1f |<\/span> 11000.00<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——+———-+<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u56de\u6eda\u4e8b\u52a1<\/span>
\nmysql><\/span> ROLLBACK<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u9a8c\u8bc1：\u6570\u636e\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e8b\u52a1\u524d<\/span>
\nmysql><\/span> SELECT<\/span> name,<\/span> salary FROM<\/span> employees WHERE<\/span> id=<\/span>1<\/span>;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——+———-+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> name |<\/span> salary |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——+———-+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u5f20\u4f1f |<\/span> 16000.00<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——+———-+<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8981\u70b9：BEGIN\u5f00\u542f\u4e8b\u52a1\u540e，\u4fee\u6539\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u751f\u6548\u3002COMMIT\u4f7f\u4fee\u6539\u6c38\u4e45\u751f\u6548，ROLLBACK\u64a4\u9500\u6240\u6709\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

3.10 \u89c6\u56fe\u521b\u5efa\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528<\/h4>\n

\u521b\u5efa\u9ad8\u85aa\u5458\u5de5\u89c6\u56fe：<\/p>\n

CREATE<\/span> VIEW<\/span> v_high_salary_employees AS<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> name,<\/span> department,<\/span> salary,<\/span> hire_date
\nFROM<\/span> employees WHERE<\/span> salary ><\/span> 15000<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

mysql><\/span> SELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> v_high_salary_employees;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——+———–+———-+————+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> name |<\/span> department|<\/span> salary |<\/span> hire_date |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——+———–+———-+————+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u5218\u6d0b |<\/span> \u7ba1\u7406\u90e8 |<\/span> 25000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2019<\/span>–<\/span>08<\/span>–<\/span>01<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u6768\u5149 |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 18000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2020<\/span>–<\/span>04<\/span>–<\/span>18<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u9ec4\u78ca |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 20000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2019<\/span>–<\/span>11<\/span>–<\/span>05<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u5434\u5f3a |<\/span> \u7ba1\u7406\u90e8 |<\/span> 30000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2018<\/span>–<\/span>02<\/span>–<\/span>14<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u6731\u6d9b |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 22000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2018<\/span>–<\/span>07<\/span>–<\/span>20<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u6797\u5cf0 |<\/span> \u7ba1\u7406\u90e8 |<\/span> 28000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2019<\/span>–<\/span>05<\/span>–<\/span>15<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u8c22\u660e |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 24000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2018<\/span>–<\/span>09<\/span>–<\/span>25<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>——+———–+———-+————+<\/span>
\n7<\/span> rows<\/span> in<\/span> set<\/span> (<\/span>0.00<\/span> sec)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u521b\u5efa\u90e8\u95e8\u6c47\u603b\u89c6\u56fe：<\/p>\n

CREATE<\/span> VIEW<\/span> v_dept_summary AS<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> d.<\/span>dept_name,<\/span> d.<\/span>manager,<\/span> d.<\/span>location,<\/span>
\n COUNT<\/span>(<\/span>e.<\/span>id)<\/span> AS<\/span> emp_count,<\/span> AVG<\/span>(<\/span>e.<\/span>salary)<\/span> AS<\/span> avg_salary,<\/span> SUM<\/span>(<\/span>e.<\/span>salary)<\/span> AS<\/span> total_salary
\nFROM<\/span> departments d LEFT<\/span> JOIN<\/span> employees e ON<\/span> d.<\/span>dept_name =<\/span> e.<\/span>department
\nGROUP<\/span> BY<\/span> d.<\/span>dept_name,<\/span> d.<\/span>manager,<\/span> d.<\/span>location;<\/span><\/p>\n

mysql><\/span> SELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> v_dept_summary;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>———–+——–+———-+———–+————+————–+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> dept_name |<\/span> manager|<\/span> location |<\/span> emp_count |<\/span> avg_salary |<\/span> total_salary |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>———–+——–+———-+———–+————+————–+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> \u5218\u6d0b |<\/span> \u5317\u4eac |<\/span> 8<\/span> |<\/span> 16837.5000<\/span> |<\/span> 134700.00<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u5e02\u573a\u90e8 |<\/span> \u674e\u5a1c |<\/span> \u4e0a\u6d77 |<\/span> 5<\/span> |<\/span> 12760.0000<\/span> |<\/span> 63800.00<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u7ba1\u7406\u90e8 |<\/span> \u5434\u5f3a |<\/span> \u5317\u4eac |<\/span> 3<\/span> |<\/span> 27666.6667<\/span> |<\/span> 83000.00<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u4eba\u4e8b\u90e8 |<\/span> \u9648\u9759 |<\/span> \u5e7f\u5dde |<\/span> 4<\/span> |<\/span> 10875.0000<\/span> |<\/span> 43500.00<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>———–+——–+———-+———–+————+————–+<\/span><\/p>\n

3.11 \u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e0e\u8c03\u7528<\/h4>\n

\u521b\u5efa\u6309\u90e8\u95e8\u67e5\u8be2\u5458\u5de5\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b：<\/p>\n

DELIMITER<\/span> \/\/<\/span>
\nCREATE<\/span> PROCEDURE<\/span> sp_get_emp_by_dept(<\/span>IN<\/span> dept_name VARCHAR<\/span>(<\/span>30<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>
\nBEGIN<\/span>
\n SELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> employees WHERE<\/span> department =<\/span> dept_name ORDER<\/span> BY<\/span> salary DESC<\/span>;<\/span>
\nEND<\/span> \/\/<\/span>
\nDELIMITER<\/span> ;<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u8c03\u7528：\u67e5\u8be2\u6280\u672f\u90e8\u5458\u5de5<\/span>
\nmysql><\/span> CALL<\/span> sp_get_emp_by_dept(<\/span>'\u6280\u672f\u90e8'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+——+—–+———–+———-+————+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> id |<\/span> name |<\/span> age |<\/span> department|<\/span> salary |<\/span> hire_date |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+——+—–+———–+———-+————+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 20<\/span> |<\/span> \u8c22\u660e |<\/span> 37<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 24000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2018<\/span>–<\/span>09<\/span>–<\/span>25<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 14<\/span> |<\/span> \u6731\u6d9b |<\/span> 36<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 22000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2018<\/span>–<\/span>07<\/span>–<\/span>20<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 8<\/span> |<\/span> \u9ec4\u78ca |<\/span> 33<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 20000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2019<\/span>–<\/span>11<\/span>–<\/span>05<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 6<\/span> |<\/span> \u6768\u5149 |<\/span> 31<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 18000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2020<\/span>–<\/span>04<\/span>–<\/span>18<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 1<\/span> |<\/span> \u5f20\u4f1f |<\/span> 28<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 16000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2022<\/span>–<\/span>03<\/span>–<\/span>15<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 17<\/span> |<\/span> \u4f55\u79c0 |<\/span> 25<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 13200.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2023<\/span>–<\/span>04<\/span>–<\/span>10<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 3<\/span> |<\/span> \u738b\u82b3 |<\/span> 25<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 13000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2023<\/span>–<\/span>01<\/span>–<\/span>10<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 11<\/span> |<\/span> \u90d1\u723d |<\/span> 24<\/span> |<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 12500.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2023<\/span>–<\/span>09<\/span>–<\/span>10<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>—-+——+—–+———–+———-+————+<\/span>
\n8<\/span> rows<\/span> in<\/span> set<\/span> (<\/span>0.00<\/span> sec)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u521b\u5efa\u90e8\u95e8\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b：<\/p>\n

DELIMITER<\/span> \/\/<\/span>
\nCREATE<\/span> PROCEDURE<\/span> sp_dept_stats(<\/span>)<\/span>
\nBEGIN<\/span>
\n SELECT<\/span> department,<\/span> COUNT<\/span>(<\/span>*<\/span>)<\/span> AS<\/span> emp_count,<\/span>
\n AVG<\/span>(<\/span>salary)<\/span> AS<\/span> avg_sal,<\/span> MAX<\/span>(<\/span>salary)<\/span> AS<\/span> max_sal,<\/span> MIN<\/span>(<\/span>salary)<\/span> AS<\/span> min_sal
\n FROM<\/span> employees GROUP<\/span> BY<\/span> department;<\/span>
\nEND<\/span> \/\/<\/span>
\nDELIMITER<\/span> ;<\/span><\/p>\n

mysql><\/span> CALL<\/span> sp_dept_stats(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>———–+———–+————+———-+———-+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> department |<\/span> emp_count |<\/span> avg_sal |<\/span> max_sal |<\/span> min_sal |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>———–+———–+————+———-+———-+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u6280\u672f\u90e8 |<\/span> 8<\/span> |<\/span> 16837.5000<\/span> |<\/span> 24000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 12500.00<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u5e02\u573a\u90e8 |<\/span> 5<\/span> |<\/span> 12760.0000<\/span> |<\/span> 14000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 11500.00<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u7ba1\u7406\u90e8 |<\/span> 3<\/span> |<\/span> 27666.6667<\/span> |<\/span> 30000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 25000.00<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> \u4eba\u4e8b\u90e8 |<\/span> 4<\/span> |<\/span> 10875.0000<\/span> |<\/span> 11200.00<\/span> |<\/span> 10500.00<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>———–+———–+————+———-+———-+<\/span><\/p>\n

\u521b\u5efa\u8c03\u85aa\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b：<\/p>\n

DELIMITER<\/span> \/\/<\/span>
\nCREATE<\/span> PROCEDURE<\/span> sp_update_salary(<\/span>IN<\/span> emp_id INT<\/span>,<\/span> IN<\/span> increase DECIMAL<\/span>(<\/span>10<\/span>,<\/span>2<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>
\nBEGIN<\/span>
\n DECLARE<\/span> old_sal DECIMAL<\/span>(<\/span>10<\/span>,<\/span>2<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n SELECT<\/span> salary INTO<\/span> old_sal FROM<\/span> employees WHERE<\/span> id =<\/span> emp_id;<\/span>
\n UPDATE<\/span> employees SET<\/span> salary =<\/span> salary +<\/span> increase WHERE<\/span> id =<\/span> emp_id;<\/span>
\n SELECT<\/span> emp_id AS<\/span> employee_id,<\/span> old_sal AS<\/span> old_salary,<\/span>
\n old_sal +<\/span> increase AS<\/span> new_salary,<\/span> increase AS<\/span> increase_amount;<\/span>
\nEND<\/span> \/\/<\/span>
\nDELIMITER<\/span> ;<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u8c03\u7528：\u7ed9ID=2\u7684\u5458\u5de5\u52a0\u85aa2000<\/span>
\nmysql><\/span> CALL<\/span> sp_update_salary(<\/span>2<\/span>,<\/span> 2000<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>————-+————+————+—————-+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> employee_id |<\/span> old_salary |<\/span> new_salary |<\/span> increase_amount|<\/span>
\n+<\/span>————-+————+————+—————-+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> 2<\/span> |<\/span> 12000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 14000.00<\/span> |<\/span> 2000.00<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>————-+————+————+—————-+<\/span><\/p>\n

3.12 \u6700\u7ec8\u6570\u636e\u6c47\u603b<\/h4>\n

mysql><\/span> SELECT<\/span> 'employees'<\/span> AS<\/span> table_name,<\/span> COUNT<\/span>(<\/span>*<\/span>)<\/span> AS<\/span> record_count FROM<\/span> employees
\n –<\/span>><\/span> UNION<\/span> ALL<\/span>
\n –<\/span>><\/span> SELECT<\/span> 'departments'<\/span>,<\/span> COUNT<\/span>(<\/span>*<\/span>)<\/span> FROM<\/span> departments;<\/span>
\n+<\/span>————+————–+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> table_name |<\/span> record_count |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>————+————–+<\/span>
\n|<\/span> employees |<\/span> 20<\/span> |<\/span>
\n|<\/span> departments|<\/span> 4<\/span> |<\/span>
\n+<\/span>————+————–+<\/span><\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n

\u672c\u6587\u5728\u4e00\u53f0Ubuntu 24.04\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5de5\u4f5c：<\/p>\n\n\u6b65\u9aa4\u5185\u5bb9\u72b6\u6001<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
1<\/td>\nMySQL 8.0.46\u5b89\u88c5\u90e8\u7f72<\/td>\n\u2705 \u5b8c\u6210<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nroot\u7528\u6237\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee<\/td>\n\u2705 \u5b8c\u6210<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\n\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e0e\u5458\u5de5\u8868<\/td>\n\u2705 \u5b8c\u6210<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\n\u63d2\u516520\u6761\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6570\u636e<\/td>\n\u2705 \u5b8c\u6210<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\n\u57fa\u7840\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u805a\u5408\u51fd\u6570<\/td>\n\u2705 \u5b8c\u6210<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\nGROUP BY\u3001ORDER BY\u3001LIMIT<\/td>\n\u2705 \u5b8c\u6210<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\n\u591a\u8868JOIN\u67e5\u8be2<\/td>\n\u2705 \u5b8c\u6210<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/td>\n\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2（\u542b\u76f8\u5173\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2）<\/td>\n\u2705 \u5b8c\u6210<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9<\/td>\n\u7d22\u5f15\u521b\u5efa\u4e0eEXPLAIN\u5206\u6790<\/td>\n\u2705 \u5b8c\u6210<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10<\/td>\n\u4e8b\u52a1\u64cd\u4f5c（COMMIT\/ROLLBACK）<\/td>\n\u2705 \u5b8c\u6210<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11<\/td>\n\u89c6\u56fe\u521b\u5efa\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528<\/td>\n\u2705 \u5b8c\u6210<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12<\/td>\n\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e0e\u8c03\u7528<\/td>\n\u2705 \u5b8c\u6210<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u5173\u952e\u6536\u83b7：<\/p>\n

  • \n

    \u5b89\u88c5\u8981\u70b9：Ubuntu 24.04\u901a\u8fc7apt\u5b89\u88c5MySQL 8.0\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355，\u4f46\u9700\u6ce8\u610f\u9ed8\u8ba4root\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528auth_socket\u63d2\u4ef6，\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u5207\u6362\u4e3amysql_native_password\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u767b\u5f55\u548c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    SQL\u57fa\u7840：\u4eceDDL（\u5efa\u5e93\u5efa\u8868）\u5230DML（\u589e\u5220\u6539\u67e5），\u4ece\u7b80\u5355\u67e5\u8be2\u5230\u591a\u8868\u5173\u8054\u3001\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2，SQL\u662f\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u638c\u63e1\u805a\u5408\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u5206\u7ec4\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u5206\u9875\u67e5\u8be2\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u7d22\u5f15\u4f18\u5316：\u901a\u8fc7EXPLAIN\u5206\u6790\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u5212，\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u89c2\u770b\u5230\u67e5\u8be2\u662f\u5426\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u7d22\u5f15\u3002type\u5217\u4e3aALL\u8868\u793a\u5168\u8868\u626b\u63cf，\u5e94\u6dfb\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15\u4f18\u5316；ref\u548crange\u662f\u8f83\u4e3a\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u4e8b\u52a1\u63a7\u5236：BEGIN\/COMMIT\/ROLLBACK\u662f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5728\u91d1\u878d\u3001\u7535\u5546\u7b49\u573a\u666f\u4e2d，\u4e8b\u52a1\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u9ad8\u7ea7\u5bf9\u8c61：\u89c6\u56fe\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u590d\u6742\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u63d0\u4f9b\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u9694\u79bb；\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c01\u88c5\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u3001\u51cf\u5c11\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    \n

    \u672c\u6587\u6240\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\u5747\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u6267\u884c，\u6240\u6709\u8f93\u51fa\u5747\u4e3a\u771f\u5b9e\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7\u5c06\u8bb2\u89e3MySQL\u4e3b\u4ece\u590d\u5236\u642d\u5efa，\u656c\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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