{"id":101688,"date":"2026-09-07T08:00:57","date_gmt":"2026-09-07T00:00:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/101688.html"},"modified":"2026-09-07T08:00:57","modified_gmt":"2026-09-07T00:00:57","slug":"pytest-%e5%8f%82%e6%95%b0%e5%8c%96%e4%b8%8e-mark-%e6%a0%87%e8%ae%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/101688.html","title":{"rendered":"pytest \u53c2\u6570\u5316\u4e0e Mark \u6807\u8bb0"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e0a\u63a5：[\u300apytest \u65ad\u8a00\u8be6\u89e3\u4e0e Fixture \u5165\u95e8\u300b]
\n\u9002\u8bfb\u4eba\u7fa4：\u5df2\u638c\u63e1 Fixture \u57fa\u7840，\u60f3\u5199\u51fa"\u4e00\u7ec4\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u591a\u7ec4\u6570\u636e"\u7684\u540c\u5b66
\n\u73af\u5883\u8981\u6c42：Python \u2265 3.10，pytest \u2265 8.0（\u63a8\u8350 9.x）
\n\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb：16 \u5206\u949f<\/p>\n

\n

\u524d\u8a00<\/h3>\n

\u7b2c 2 \u7bc7\u6211\u4eec\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86"\u600e\u4e48\u51c6\u5907\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6570\u636e"（Fixture）\u3002\u4f46\u9a6c\u4e0a\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u75db\u70b9：<\/p>\n

\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a add \u51fd\u6570，\u6211\u60f3\u6d4b (1,2)\u3001(-1,1)\u3001(0,0)\u3001(100,200)\u2026\u2026\u96be\u9053\u8981\u590d\u5236\u7c98\u8d34 20 \u4e2a test_add_xxx？<\/p>\n

\u7b54\u6848\u663e\u7136\u662f\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u3002pytest \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u6740\u624b\u7ea7\u7279\u6027\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898：<\/p>\n

  • \u2705 \u53c2\u6570\u5316（Parametrize）：\u4e00\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8，\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210 N \u4e2a\u7528\u4f8b<\/li>\n
  • \u2705 Mark \u6807\u8bb0：\u7ed9\u7528\u4f8b\u6253\u6807\u7b7e，\u6309\u9700\u5206\u7ec4\u6267\u884c<\/li>\n

    \u8bfb\u5b8c\u672c\u7bc7，\u4f60\u5c31\u80fd\u628a"\u590d\u5236\u7c98\u8d34\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5"\u91cd\u6784\u4e3a\u7b80\u6d01\u3001\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u3001\u53ef\u5206\u7ec4\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5957\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u4e00\u3001\u75db\u70b9：\u590d\u5236\u7c98\u8d34\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h3>\n

    \u5148\u770b\u4e00\u6bb5"\u771f\u5b9e\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f18\u96c5"\u7684\u4ee3\u7801：<\/p>\n

    # tests\/test_calc.py<\/span>
    \nfrom<\/span> src.<\/span>calculator import<\/span> add<\/p>\n

    def<\/span> test_add_positive<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n assert<\/span> add(<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>)<\/span> ==<\/span> 3<\/span><\/p>\n

    def<\/span> test_add_negative<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n assert<\/span> add(<\/span>–<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>)<\/span> ==<\/span> 0<\/span><\/p>\n

    def<\/span> test_add_zero<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n assert<\/span> add(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span> ==<\/span> 0<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u95ee\u9898\u5f88\u660e\u663e：<\/p>\n

      \n
    • 🔴 \u91cd\u590d：\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u4f8b\u53ea\u6709\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u540c，\u7ed3\u6784\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6837<\/li>\n
    • 🔴 \u96be\u6269\u5c55：\u65b0\u589e\u4e00\u7ec4\u8fb9\u754c\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u8981\u518d\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n
    • 🔴 \u96be\u7ef4\u62a4：\u903b\u8f91\u4e00\u53d8\u8981\u6539 N \u5904<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u7684\u7528\u6b66\u4e4b\u5730\u3002<\/p>\n

      \n

      \u4e8c\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u57fa\u7840：@pytest.mark.parametrize<\/h3>\n

      2.1 \u6700\u7b80\u7528\u6cd5<\/h4>\n

      \u628a\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u7528\u4f8b\u5408\u4e09\u4e3a\u4e00：<\/p>\n

      import<\/span> pytest
      \nfrom<\/span> src.<\/span>calculator import<\/span> add<\/p>\n

      @pytest.<\/span>mark.<\/span>parametrize<\/span>(<\/span>"a, b, expected"<\/span>,<\/span> [<\/span>
      \n (<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>,<\/span> 3<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
      \n (<\/span>–<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
      \n (<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
      \n]<\/span>)<\/span>
      \ndef<\/span> test_add<\/span>(<\/span>a,<\/span> b,<\/span> expected)<\/span>:<\/span>
      \n assert<\/span> add(<\/span>a,<\/span> b)<\/span> ==<\/span> expected<\/p>\n

      \u8fd0\u884c pytest -v：<\/p>\n

      tests\/test_calc.py::test_add[1-2-3] PASSED [ 33%]
      \ntests\/test_calc.py::test_add[-1-1-0] PASSED [ 66%]
      \ntests\/test_calc.py::test_add[0-0-0] PASSED [100%]<\/p>\n

      ========================= 3 passed in 0.08s =========================<\/p>\n

      🎯 \u5173\u952e\u89c2\u5bdf：<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570 \u2192 \u81ea\u52a8\u53d8\u6210 3 \u4e2a\u7528\u4f8b<\/li>\n
      • \u7528\u4f8b\u540d\u540e\u5e26 [\u53c2\u6570] \u540e\u7f00，\u4e00\u773c\u770b\u51fa\u662f\u54ea\u7ec4\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n
      • \u54ea\u7ec4\u5931\u8d25，\u76f4\u63a5\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u5177\u4f53\u53c2\u6570\u7ec4\u5408<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        2.2 \u53c2\u6570\u62c6\u89e3<\/h4>\n

        @pytest.<\/span>mark.<\/span>parametrize<\/span>(<\/span>"\u53c2\u6570\u540d1, \u53c2\u6570\u540d2"<\/span>,<\/span> [<\/span> # \u2190 \u53c2\u6570\u540d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32，\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u9694<\/span>
        \n (<\/span>\u503c1<\/span>,<\/span> \u503c2<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span> # \u2190 \u7b2c\u4e00\u7ec4<\/span>
        \n (<\/span>\u503c1<\/span>,<\/span> \u503c2<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span> # \u2190 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ec4<\/span>
        \n]<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n\n\u8981\u7d20\u8bf4\u660e<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
        \u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570（\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32）<\/td>\n\u7528\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u7684\u5f62\u53c2\u540d，\u4f1a\u6ce8\u5165\u5230\u6d4b\u8bd5\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u91cc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570（\u5217\u8868）<\/td>\n\u4e00\u7ec4\u6216\u591a\u7ec4\u5b9e\u53c2\u5143\u7ec4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u5143\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6<\/td>\n\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0e\u5f62\u53c2\u540d\u6570\u91cf\u4e00\u81f4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        \u26a0\ufe0f \u5e38\u89c1\u9519\u8bef：\u5f62\u53c2\u540d\u5199 "a, b" \u4f46\u5143\u7ec4\u53ea\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c (3,) \u2014\u2014 \u4f1a\u62a5 ValueError: not enough values\u3002<\/p>\n

        \n

        \u4e09\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u8fdb\u9636<\/h3>\n

        3.1 \u7ed9\u6bcf\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\u8d77\u540d\u5b57（ids）<\/h4>\n

        \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7528\u4f8b\u540d\u662f [1-2-3] \u8fd9\u79cd，\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u5dee\u3002\u7528 ids \u6539\u5584：<\/p>\n

        @pytest.<\/span>mark.<\/span>parametrize<\/span>(<\/span>"a, b, expected"<\/span>,<\/span> [<\/span>
        \n (<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>,<\/span> 3<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
        \n (<\/span>–<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
        \n (<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
        \n]<\/span>,<\/span> ids=<\/span>[<\/span>"\u6b63\u6570"<\/span>,<\/span> "\u5f02\u53f7"<\/span>,<\/span> "\u96f6\u503c"<\/span>]<\/span>)<\/span>
        \ndef<\/span> test_add<\/span>(<\/span>a,<\/span> b,<\/span> expected)<\/span>:<\/span>
        \n assert<\/span> add(<\/span>a,<\/span> b)<\/span> ==<\/span> expected<\/p>\n

        \u8fd0\u884c\u663e\u793a：<\/p>\n

        test_add[\u6b63\u6570] PASSED
        \ntest_add[\u5f02\u53f7] PASSED
        \ntest_add[\u96f6\u503c] PASSED<\/p>\n

        \u2705 \u5f3a\u70c8\u63a8\u8350：\u7528\u4f8b\u62a5\u544a\u91cc\u4e00\u773c\u770b\u61c2\u573a\u666f，\u6392\u67e5\u66f4\u5feb\u3002<\/p>\n

        3.2 \u53c2\u6570\u7528 pytest.param + mark<\/h4>\n

        \u60f3\u7ed9\u67d0\u7ec4\u53c2\u6570\u5355\u72ec\u6253\u6807\u8bb0（\u6bd4\u5982\u6807\u8bb0\u67d0\u7ec4\u4e3a"\u9884\u671f\u5931\u8d25"）：<\/p>\n

        import<\/span> pytest
        \nfrom<\/span> src.<\/span>calculator import<\/span> div<\/p>\n

        @pytest.<\/span>mark.<\/span>parametrize<\/span>(<\/span>"a, b, expected"<\/span>,<\/span> [<\/span>
        \n pytest.<\/span>param(<\/span>6<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>,<\/span> 3<\/span>,<\/span> id<\/span>=<\/span>"\u6b63\u5e38\u9664\u6cd5"<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
        \n pytest.<\/span>param(<\/span>5<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>,<\/span> 2.5<\/span>,<\/span> id<\/span>=<\/span>"\u6709\u4f59\u6570"<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
        \n pytest.<\/span>param(<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> None<\/span>,<\/span> id<\/span>=<\/span>"\u9664\u96f6"<\/span>,<\/span> marks=<\/span>pytest.<\/span>mark.<\/span>xfail)<\/span>,<\/span>
        \n]<\/span>)<\/span>
        \ndef<\/span> test_div<\/span>(<\/span>a,<\/span> b,<\/span> expected)<\/span>:<\/span>
        \n assert<\/span> div(<\/span>a,<\/span> b)<\/span> ==<\/span> expected<\/p>\n

        \u8fd9\u91cc pytest.param(…, marks=…) \u7ed9\u5355\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\u52a0 mark，xfail \u8868\u793a"\u9884\u671f\u5931\u8d25"，pytest \u4f1a\u628a\u5b83\u5355\u72ec\u5f52\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n

        3.3 \u53c2\u6570\u7ec4\u5408（\u7b1b\u5361\u5c14\u79ef）<\/h4>\n

        \u591a\u4e2a parametrize \u53e0\u52a0 = \u6240\u6709\u7ec4\u5408：<\/p>\n

        @pytest.<\/span>mark.<\/span>parametrize<\/span>(<\/span>"x"<\/span>,<\/span> [<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>]<\/span>)<\/span>
        \n@pytest.<\/span>mark.<\/span>parametrize<\/span>(<\/span>"y"<\/span>,<\/span> [<\/span>"a"<\/span>,<\/span> "b"<\/span>]<\/span>)<\/span>
        \ndef<\/span> test_combo<\/span>(<\/span>x,<\/span> y)<\/span>:<\/span>
        \n print<\/span>(<\/span>f"<\/span>{<\/span>x}<\/span><\/span>–<\/span>{<\/span>y}<\/span><\/span>"<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

        \u4f1a\u751f\u6210 2 \u00d7 2 = 4 \u4e2a\u7528\u4f8b：1-a\u30011-b\u30012-a\u30012-b\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u26a0\ufe0f \u7ec4\u5408\u7206\u70b8\u8981\u5c0f\u5fc3：3 \u7ec4\u5404 10 \u4e2a\u53c2\u6570 = 1000 \u4e2a\u7528\u4f8b，\u8fd0\u884c\u4f1a\u5f88\u6162\u3002<\/p>\n

        3.4 \u53c2\u6570\u5316 + Fixture \u7ed3\u5408<\/h4>\n

        \u53c2\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a Fixture \u7684\u8f93\u5165，\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b：<\/p>\n

        @pytest.<\/span>fixture<\/span>
        \ndef<\/span> user_data<\/span>(<\/span>request)<\/span>:<\/span>
        \n return<\/span> request.<\/span>param # \u2190 \u63a5\u6536 parametrize \u4f20\u5165\u7684\u503c<\/span><\/p>\n

        @pytest.<\/span>mark.<\/span>parametrize<\/span>(<\/span>"user_data"<\/span>,<\/span> [<\/span>
        \n {<\/span>"name"<\/span>:<\/span> "alice"<\/span>,<\/span> "age"<\/span>:<\/span> 20<\/span>}<\/span>,<\/span>
        \n {<\/span>"name"<\/span>:<\/span> "bob"<\/span>,<\/span> "age"<\/span>:<\/span> 30<\/span>}<\/span>,<\/span>
        \n]<\/span>,<\/span> indirect=<\/span>True<\/span>)<\/span> # \u2190 \u5173\u952e：\u628a\u53c2\u6570\u4ea4\u7ed9\u540c\u540d fixture<\/span>
        \ndef<\/span> test_user<\/span>(<\/span>user_data)<\/span>:<\/span>
        \n assert<\/span> user_data[<\/span>"name"<\/span>]<\/span><\/p>\n

        indirect=True \u8868\u793a"\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u4f20\u7ed9\u51fd\u6570，\u800c\u662f\u4f20\u7ed9\u540c\u540d fixture"\u3002\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u5728 fixture \u91cc\u505a\u9884\u5904\u7406（\u5982\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93）\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n

        \n

        \u56db\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u901f\u67e5<\/h3>\n\n\u573a\u666f\u63a8\u8350\u505a\u6cd5<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        \u591a\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\u6d4b\u540c\u4e00\u903b\u8f91<\/td>\n@parametrize + ids<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u67d0\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\u9884\u671f\u5931\u8d25<\/td>\npytest.param(…, marks=pytest.mark.xfail)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u5168\u7ec4\u5408\u8986\u76d6<\/td>\n\u591a\u4e2a parametrize \u53e0\u52a0（\u6ce8\u610f\u7206\u70b8）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u53c2\u6570\u9700\u9884\u5904\u7406<\/td>\nindirect=True + fixture<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e（\u4e0a\u767e\u7ec4）<\/td>\n\u6570\u636e\u653e YAML\/JSON，\u5faa\u73af\u751f\u6210<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
        \n

        \u4e94\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f Mark？\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u5b83？<\/h3>\n

        \u53c2\u6570\u5316\u89e3\u51b3"\u6570\u636e\u91cd\u590d"，Mark \u89e3\u51b3"\u7528\u4f8b\u5206\u7ec4"\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u73b0\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u7528\u4f8b\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07：<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \u5192\u70df\u6d4b\u8bd5（smoke）\u53ea\u8981\u8dd1\u6838\u5fc3 10 \u4e2a<\/li>\n
        • \u56de\u5f52\u6d4b\u8bd5（regression）\u624d\u8dd1\u5168\u90e8<\/li>\n
        • \u6162\u901f\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53ea\u60f3\u5728 CI \u591c\u95f4\u8dd1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          👉 Mark \u5c31\u662f\u7ed9\u7528\u4f8b\u8d34\u6807\u7b7e，\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6309\u6807\u7b7e\u7b5b\u9009\u3002<\/p>\n

          \n

          \u516d\u3001\u5185\u7f6e Mark \u901f\u89c8<\/h3>\n\nMark\u4f5c\u7528<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
          @pytest.mark.skip<\/td>\n\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u8df3\u8fc7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          @pytest.mark.skipif<\/td>\n\u6761\u4ef6\u6ee1\u8db3\u65f6\u8df3\u8fc7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          @pytest.mark.xfail<\/td>\n\u9884\u671f\u5931\u8d25（\u5931\u8d25\u4e0d\u7b97\u62a5\u9519）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          @pytest.mark.parametrize<\/td>\n\u53c2\u6570\u5316（\u4e0a\u8282\u5df2\u8bb2）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          @pytest.mark.usefixtures<\/td>\n\u58f0\u660e\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 fixture<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

          \u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n

          import<\/span> sys
          \nimport<\/span> pytest<\/p>\n

          @pytest.<\/span>mark.<\/span>skip<\/span>(<\/span>reason=<\/span>"\u529f\u80fd\u672a\u5b9e\u73b0"<\/span>)<\/span>
          \ndef<\/span> test_todo<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>:<\/span>
          \n .<\/span>.<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

          @pytest.<\/span>mark.<\/span>skipif<\/span>(<\/span>sys.<\/span>version_info <<\/span> (<\/span>3<\/span>,<\/span> 12<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span> reason=<\/span>"\u9700\u8981 3.12+"<\/span>)<\/span>
          \ndef<\/span> test_new_feature<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>:<\/span>
          \n .<\/span>.<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

          @pytest.<\/span>mark.<\/span>xfail<\/span>
          \ndef<\/span> test_known_bug<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>:<\/span>
          \n assert<\/span> 1<\/span> ==<\/span> 2<\/span> # \u9884\u671f\u5931\u8d25，\u62a5 XFAIL \u800c\u4e0d\u662f FAILED<\/span><\/p>\n

          \n

          \u4e03\u3001\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49 Mark：\u6309\u4e1a\u52a1\u5206\u7ec4<\/h3>\n

          7.1 \u5b9a\u4e49 mark<\/h4>\n

          \u5728 pytest.ini \u91cc\u6ce8\u518c（pytest 9.x \u5f3a\u5236\u8981\u6c42，\u5426\u5219\u62a5 PytestUnknownMarkWarning）：<\/p>\n

          [pytest]
          \nmarkers =
          \n smoke: \u5192\u70df\u6d4b\u8bd5，\u6838\u5fc3\u94fe\u8def
          \n regression: \u56de\u5f52\u6d4b\u8bd5
          \n slow: \u8fd0\u884c\u8f83\u6162\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5
          \n api: \u63a5\u53e3\u76f8\u5173\u7528\u4f8b<\/p>\n

          7.2 \u4f7f\u7528 mark<\/h4>\n

          import<\/span> pytest
          \nfrom<\/span> src.<\/span>calculator import<\/span> add<\/p>\n

          @pytest.<\/span>mark.<\/span>smoke<\/span>
          \ndef<\/span> test_add_core<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>:<\/span>
          \n assert<\/span> add(<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>)<\/span> ==<\/span> 2<\/span><\/p>\n

          @pytest.<\/span>mark.<\/span>regression<\/span>
          \n@pytest.<\/span>mark.<\/span>slow<\/span>
          \ndef<\/span> test_add_boundary<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>:<\/span>
          \n assert<\/span> add(<\/span>–<\/span>999<\/span>,<\/span> 999<\/span>)<\/span> ==<\/span> 0<\/span><\/p>\n

          7.3 \u6309 mark \u8fd0\u884c<\/h4>\n

          # \u53ea\u8dd1\u5192\u70df<\/span>
          \npytest -m<\/span> smoke<\/p>\n

          # \u8dd1\u5192\u70df + \u56de\u5f52（OR）<\/span>
          \npytest -m<\/span> "smoke or regression"<\/span><\/p>\n

          # \u8dd1\u56de\u5f52\u4f46\u4e0d\u8dd1\u6162\u7684（AND + NOT）<\/span>
          \npytest -m<\/span> "regression and not slow"<\/span><\/p>\n

          \u2705 \u8fd9\u8ba9\u4f60\u7684 CI \u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u8bbe\u8ba1：<\/p>\n

            \n
          • \u63d0\u4ea4\u4ee3\u7801 \u2192 \u8dd1 -m smoke（\u5feb，\u5206\u949f\u7ea7）<\/li>\n
          • \u5408\u5e76\u5230\u4e3b\u5e72 \u2192 \u8dd1\u5168\u91cf\u56de\u5f52<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
            \n

            \u516b\u3001Mark \u8fdb\u9636\u6280\u5de7<\/h3>\n

            8.1 \u7c7b\u7ea7\u522b \/ \u6a21\u5757\u7ea7\u522b mark<\/h4>\n

            # \u6574\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u7528\u4f8b\u90fd\u5e26 mark<\/span>
            \n@pytest.<\/span>mark.<\/span>api<\/span>
            \nclass<\/span> TestUserAPI<\/span>:<\/span>
            \n def<\/span> test_get<\/span>(<\/span>self)<\/span>:<\/span> .<\/span>.<\/span>.<\/span>
            \n def<\/span> test_post<\/span>(<\/span>self)<\/span>:<\/span> .<\/span>.<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

            # \u6574\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u7edf\u4e00\u6253 mark（\u5199\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u9876\u90e8）<\/span>
            \npytestmark =<\/span> pytest.<\/span>mark.<\/span>regression<\/p>\n

            8.2 \u52a8\u6001\u6dfb\u52a0 mark<\/h4>\n

            def<\/span> test_dynamic<\/span>(<\/span>request)<\/span>:<\/span>
            \n if<\/span> some_condition:<\/span>
            \n request.<\/span>node.<\/span>add_marker(<\/span>pytest.<\/span>mark.<\/span>slow)<\/span><\/p>\n

            \n

            \u4e5d\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u5316 + Mark \u7ec4\u5408\u5b9e\u6218<\/h3>\n

            \u628a\u4e24\u8005\u7ed3\u5408，\u624d\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u5e38\u89c1\u5199\u6cd5：<\/p>\n

            import<\/span> pytest
            \nfrom<\/span> src.<\/span>calculator import<\/span> add<\/p>\n

            @pytest.<\/span>mark.<\/span>parametrize<\/span>(<\/span>"a, b, expected"<\/span>,<\/span> [<\/span>
            \n pytest.<\/span>param(<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>,<\/span> id<\/span>=<\/span>"core"<\/span>,<\/span> marks=<\/span>pytest.<\/span>mark.<\/span>smoke)<\/span>,<\/span>
            \n pytest.<\/span>param(<\/span>100<\/span>,<\/span> 200<\/span>,<\/span> 300<\/span>,<\/span> id<\/span>=<\/span>"big"<\/span>,<\/span> marks=<\/span>pytest.<\/span>mark.<\/span>regression)<\/span>,<\/span>
            \n pytest.<\/span>param(<\/span>–<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> –<\/span>2<\/span>,<\/span> id<\/span>=<\/span>"negative"<\/span>,<\/span> marks=<\/span>pytest.<\/span>mark.<\/span>regression)<\/span>,<\/span>
            \n]<\/span>,<\/span> ids=<\/span>[<\/span>"core"<\/span>,<\/span> "big"<\/span>,<\/span> "negative"<\/span>]<\/span>)<\/span>
            \n@pytest.<\/span>mark.<\/span>smoke<\/span>
            \n@pytest.<\/span>mark.<\/span>regression<\/span>
            \ndef<\/span> test_add<\/span>(<\/span>a,<\/span> b,<\/span> expected)<\/span>:<\/span>
            \n assert<\/span> add(<\/span>a,<\/span> b)<\/span> ==<\/span> expected<\/p>\n

              \n
            • \u6570\u636e\u7ec4\u5c42\u9762：\u6bcf\u7ec4\u53ef\u5355\u72ec\u6807 smoke \/ regression<\/li>\n
            • \u51fd\u6570\u5c42\u9762：\u6574\u4f53\u518d\u53e0\u52a0\u6807\u7b7e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
              \n

              \u5341\u3001\u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784（\u843d\u5730\u63a8\u8350）<\/h3>\n

              \u6cbf\u7528\u524d\u4e24\u7bc7\u7684 src\/ + tests\/ \u7ed3\u6784，\u672c\u7bc7\u65b0\u589e\u914d\u7f6e：<\/p>\n

              pytest-demo\/
              \n\u251c\u2500\u2500 src\/
              \n\u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500 calculator.py
              \n\u251c\u2500\u2500 tests\/
              \n\u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500 conftest.py
              \n\u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500 test_calc.py
              \n\u251c\u2500\u2500 pytest.ini
              \n\u2514\u2500\u2500 requirements.txt<\/p>\n

              pytest.ini \u66f4\u65b0\u7248：<\/p>\n

              [pytest]
              \ntestpaths = ["tests"]
              \npython_files = test_*.py
              \npython_classes = Test*
              \npython_functions = test_*
              \naddopts = -v –tb=short<\/p>\n

              markers =
              \n smoke: \u5192\u70df\u6d4b\u8bd5
              \n regression: \u56de\u5f52\u6d4b\u8bd5
              \n slow: \u6162\u901f\u6d4b\u8bd5
              \n api: \u63a5\u53e3\u76f8\u5173<\/p>\n

              \n

              \u5341\u4e00\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u679c\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n

              $ pytest -v<\/span>
              \n==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>=<\/span> test<\/span> session starts ==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>
              \ncollected 8<\/span> items<\/p>\n

              tests\/test_calc.py::test_add[<\/span>\u6b63\u6570]<\/span> PASSED [<\/span> 12<\/span>%]<\/span>
              \ntests\/test_calc.py::test_add[<\/span>\u5f02\u53f7]<\/span> PASSED [<\/span> 25<\/span>%]<\/span>
              \ntests\/test_calc.py::test_add[<\/span>\u96f6\u503c]<\/span> PASSED [<\/span> 37<\/span>%]<\/span>
              \ntests\/test_calc.py::test_div[<\/span>\u6b63\u5e38\u9664\u6cd5]<\/span> PASSED [<\/span> 50<\/span>%]<\/span>
              \ntests\/test_calc.py::test_div[<\/span>\u6709\u4f59\u6570]<\/span> PASSED [<\/span> 62<\/span>%]<\/span>
              \ntests\/test_calc.py::test_div[<\/span>\u9664\u96f6]<\/span> XFAIL [<\/span> 75<\/span>%]<\/span>
              \ntests\/test_calc.py::test_add_core PASSED [<\/span> 87<\/span>%]<\/span>
              \ntests\/test_calc.py::test_add_boundary PASSED [<\/span>100<\/span>%]<\/span><\/p>\n

              ==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span> 7<\/span> passed, 1<\/span> xfailed in<\/span> 0<\/span>.11s ==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span>==<\/span><\/p>\n

              \u6ce8\u610f XFAIL：\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a xfail \u7684\u7528\u4f8b\u5931\u8d25\u662f\u7b26\u5408\u9884\u671f\u7684，\u4e0d\u7b97\u62a5\u9519 \u2014\u2014 \u8fd9\u6b63\u662f mark \u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n

              \n

              \u5341\u4e8c\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u5316 + Mark \u51b3\u7b56\u56fe<\/h3>\n

              \u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u5e2e\u4f60\u5224\u65ad"\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48"：<\/p>\n

              \"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

              \u6838\u5fc3\u5224\u65ad：<\/p>\n

                \n
              • \u75db\u70b9 = \u201c\u540c\u4e00\u903b\u8f91\u591a\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\u201d \u2192 \u53c2\u6570\u5316<\/li>\n
              • \u75db\u70b9 = \u201c\u53ea\u60f3\u8dd1\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7528\u4f8b\u201d \u2192 Mark \u5206\u7ec4<\/li>\n
              • \u4e24\u8005\u7ecf\u5e38\u53e0\u52a0\u4f7f\u7528<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                \n

                \u5341\u4e09\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u5751\u4e0e\u6392\u9519<\/h3>\n\n\u95ee\u9898\u539f\u56e0\u89e3\u51b3<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                PytestUnknownMarkWarning<\/td>\nmark \u672a\u6ce8\u518c<\/td>\n\u5728 pytest.ini \u7684 markers \u91cc\u6ce8\u518c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u53c2\u6570\u5143\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u5339\u914d<\/td>\n\u5f62\u53c2\u4e0e\u5b9e\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4<\/td>\n\u68c0\u67e5 parametrize \u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e0e\u5143\u7ec4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u7ec4\u5408\u7206\u70b8\u8dd1\u592a\u6162<\/td>\n\u591a\u4e2a parametrize \u53e0\u52a0<\/td>\n\u7cbe\u7b80\u6570\u636e\u6216\u7528 fixture \u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                -m \u6ca1\u7b5b\u5230\u7528\u4f8b<\/td>\nmark \u540d\u62fc\u5199\u9519\u8bef<\/td>\npytest –markers \u67e5\u770b\u5df2\u6ce8\u518c mark<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                ids \u91cd\u590d<\/td>\n\u591a\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\u7528\u4e86\u76f8\u540c id<\/td>\n\u4fdd\u8bc1 ids \u552f\u4e00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
                \n

                \u5341\u56db\u3001\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h3>\n

                \u2705 \u53c2\u6570\u5316：\u4e00\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8\u591a\u4e2a\u7528\u4f8b，\u6d88\u706d\u590d\u5236\u7c98\u8d34
                \n\u2705 ids：\u7ed9\u6bcf\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\u8d77\u540d，\u62a5\u544a\u66f4\u6613\u8bfb
                \n\u2705 Mark：\u7ed9\u7528\u4f8b\u6253\u6807\u7b7e，\u5b9e\u73b0\u6309\u9700\u5206\u7ec4\u6267\u884c
                \n\u2705 \u53c2\u6570\u5316 + Mark：\u771f\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u7ec4\u5408
                \n\u2705 \u52a1\u5fc5\u5728 pytest.ini \u6ce8\u518c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49 mark，\u907f\u514d\u544a\u8b66<\/p>\n

                \n

                \u5341\u4e94\u3001\u601d\u8003\u9898（\u6b22\u8fce\u8bc4\u8bba\u533a\u8ba8\u8bba）<\/h3>\n
              • \u4ec0\u4e48\u573a\u666f\u4e0b"\u53c2\u6570\u7ec4\u5408\u7b1b\u5361\u5c14\u79ef"\u4f1a\u53d8\u6210\u53cd\u6a21\u5f0f？\u5982\u4f55\u89c4\u907f？<\/li>\n
              • indirect=True \u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u95ee\u9898？\u80fd\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u5417？<\/li>\n
              • \u4f60\u6240\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u7684 CI \u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5212\u5206 smoke \/ regression \u7684？<\/li>\n
                \n

                \u5b9e\u6218\u7ec3\u4e60：\u52a8\u624b\u8bd5\u8bd5<\/h3>\n

                \u5728\u4f60\u672c\u5730\u7b2c 2 \u7bc7\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a：<\/p>\n

              • \u7ed9 calculator.py \u7684 mul \u51fd\u6570\u5199\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5，\u81f3\u5c11\u8986\u76d6 5 \u7ec4\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u7528 ids \u547d\u540d<\/li>\n
              • \u628a\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u7ec4\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a pytest.mark.xfail（\u6bd4\u5982\u6545\u610f\u5199\u9519 expected）<\/li>\n
              • \u5728 pytest.ini \u6ce8\u518c smoke \/ regression，\u7528 -m \u5206\u522b\u8fd0\u884c\u4e24\u7ec4<\/li>\n
              • \u8fd0\u884c pytest -v，\u89c2\u5bdf XFAIL \u4e0e PASSED \u7684\u533a\u522b<\/li>\n

                \u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u6b22\u8fce\u5728\u8bc4\u8bba\u533a\u8d34\u51fa\u4f60\u7684 parametrize \u5199\u6cd5，\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u4ea4\u6d41 👇<\/p>\n

                \n

                \u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7\u9884\u544a<\/h3>\n

                👉 \u300apytest Fixture \u8fdb\u9636：conftest \u4e0e\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u300b<\/p>\n

                \u4f60\u5c06\u5b66\u5230：<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • conftest.py \u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u4e0e\u4f5c\u7528\u57df<\/li>\n
                • Fixture \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ec4\u5408<\/li>\n
                • \u5982\u4f55\u7528 Fixture \u5b9e\u73b0"\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6570\u636e\u5de5\u5382"<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                  \n
                  \n

                  \u9644\u5f55 A：\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u901f\u67e5<\/h3>\n\n\u5199\u6cd5\u7528\u9014<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                  @parametrize("a", [1,2,3])<\/td>\n\u5355\u53c2\u6570<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  @parametrize("a,b", [(1,2),(3,4)])<\/td>\n\u591a\u53c2\u6570<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  ids=[…]<\/td>\n\u7ed9\u6bcf\u7ec4\u8d77\u540d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  pytest.param(…, marks=…)<\/td>\n\u5355\u7ec4\u52a0 mark<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u591a\u4e2a @parametrize \u53e0\u52a0<\/td>\n\u7b1b\u5361\u5c14\u79ef<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  indirect=True<\/td>\n\u53c2\u6570\u4ea4\u7ed9 fixture<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
                  \n

                  \u9644\u5f55 B：\u5e38\u7528 mark \u7b5b\u9009\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n

                  pytest -m<\/span> smoke # \u53ea\u8dd1\u5192\u70df<\/span>
                  \npytest -m<\/span> "smoke or regression"<\/span> # \u5e76\u96c6<\/span>
                  \npytest -m<\/span> "regression and not slow"<\/span> # \u6392\u9664<\/span>
                  \npytest –markers<\/span> # \u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u6ce8\u518c mark<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                  \u4e0a\u63a5：[\u300apytest \u65ad\u8a00\u8be6\u89e3\u4e0e Fixture \u5165\u95e8\u300b]
                  \n\u9002\u8bfb\u4eba\u7fa4：\u5df2\u638c\u63e1 Fixture \u57fa\u7840，\u60f3\u5199\u51fa\\”\u4e00\u7ec4\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u591a\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\\”\u7684\u540c\u5b66
                  \n\u73af\u5883\u8981\u6c42：Python \u2265 3.10，pytest \u2265 8.0（\u63a8\u8350 9.x）
                  \n\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb：16 \u5206\u949f\u524d\u8a00
                  \n\u7b2c 2 \u7bc7\u6211\u4eec\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\\”\u600e\u4e48\u51c6\u5907\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6570\u636e\\”（Fixture）\u3002\u4f46\u9a6c\u4e0a\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u75db\u70b9&#xff1a<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":101687,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[4327],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-101688","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server","tag-pytest"],"yoast_head":"\npytest \u53c2\u6570\u5316\u4e0e Mark \u6807\u8bb0 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/101688.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"pytest \u53c2\u6570\u5316\u4e0e Mark \u6807\u8bb0 - 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