{"id":100270,"date":"2026-09-04T11:32:51","date_gmt":"2026-09-04T03:32:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/100270.html"},"modified":"2026-09-04T11:32:51","modified_gmt":"2026-09-04T03:32:51","slug":"%e7%ba%bf%e7%a8%8b%e6%b1%a0%e5%8f%82%e6%95%b0%e5%88%b0%e5%ba%95%e6%80%8e%e4%b9%88%e7%ae%97%ef%bc%88%e9%99%84%e7%9c%9f%e5%ae%9e-qps-%e6%bc%94%e7%ae%97%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/100270.html","title":{"rendered":"\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u53c2\u6570\u5230\u5e95\u600e\u4e48\u7b97\uff08\u9644\u771f\u5b9e QPS \u6f14\u7b97\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<\/p>\n

\"\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u53c2\u6570\u5230\u5e95\u600e\u4e48\u7b97\uff08\u9644\u771f\u5b9e<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u53cd\u76f4\u89c9\u7ed3\u8bba：CPU \u6838\u6570 + 1\u00a0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u53c2\u6570\u516c\u5f0f，\u5728 IO \u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u573a\u666f\u4e0b，\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4f60\u7684 order-service \u541e\u5410\u91cf\u76f4\u63a5\u8170\u65a9；\u800c\u771f\u6b63\u8be5\u7b97\u7684，\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u201d，\u662f\u201c\u6392\u961f\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\u548c\u201c\u62d2\u7edd\u7387\u201d\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u671f\u671b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u627f\u63a5\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7\u300aAI Agent \u4e0e Function Calling\u300b\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u201c\u5f02\u6b65\u4efb\u52a1\u7f16\u6392\u201d，\u672c\u6587\u4e0d\u518d\u79d1\u666e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u57fa\u7840 API，\u800c\u662f\u805a\u7126\u53c2\u6570\u6f14\u7b97\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u95ed\u73af：\u4ece\u6e90\u7801\u63a8\u5bfc\u00a0execute()\u00a0\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8def\u5f84，\u5230\u57fa\u4e8e\u771f\u5b9e QPS \u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u89c4\u5212，\u518d\u5230\u538b\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u9a8c\u8bc1，\u6700\u540e\u7ed9\u51fa\u53cd\u76f4\u89c9\u7684\u201c\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u522b\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u201d\u6e05\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n

\u672c\u6587\u805a\u7126：\u53c2\u6570\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u6a21\u578b + \u6e90\u7801\u7ea7\u6267\u884c\u8def\u5f84 + \u771f\u5b9e\u538b\u6d4b\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002\u4e0d\u5c55\u5f00：AQS \u539f\u7406\u3001ThreadPoolExecutor \u7684\u62d2\u7edd\u7b56\u7565\u6e90\u7801\u9010\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca\u3001JDK 21 \u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5148\u4ece\u4e00\u6b21 P0 \u4e8b\u6545\u8bf4\u8d77：\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u914d\u51fa\u6765\u201d\u7684，\u662f\u201c\u7b97\u51fa\u6765\u201d\u7684<\/h3>\n

\u67d0\u5929\u51cc\u6668 2:00，order-service \u7684\u8ba2\u5355\u67e5\u8be2\u63a5\u53e3 RT \u4ece 80ms \u98d9\u5347\u5230 8s，\u6570\u636e\u5e93 CPU 100%，\u4f46\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u76d1\u63a7\u663e\u793a：\u6838\u5fc3\u7ebf\u7a0b 50，\u6700\u5927\u7ebf\u7a0b 200，\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4ec5 30\u3002\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u8d44\u6e90\u5145\u8db3，\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u63a5\u53e3\u4f1a\u96ea\u5d29？<\/p>\n

\u6392\u67e5\u53d1\u73b0：\u6838\u5fc3\u7ebf\u7a0b 50 \u5168\u90e8\u963b\u585e\u5728\u5916\u90e8\u4f1a\u5458\u670d\u52a1\u8c03\u7528\u4e0a（\u5e73\u5747\u8017\u65f6 2s），\u800c\u6700\u5927\u7ebf\u7a0b 200 \u7684\u6269\u5bb9\u6761\u4ef6\u2014\u2014workQueue.size() > 1000\u2014\u2014\u6c38\u8fdc\u8fbe\u4e0d\u5230，\u56e0\u4e3a\u961f\u5217\u5bb9\u91cf\u662f\u00a0LinkedBlockingQueue(10000)\u3002\u8bf7\u6c42\u5168\u90e8\u5806\u79ef\u5728\u961f\u5217\u91cc，\u524d\u7aef\u8d85\u65f6\u91cd\u8bd5，\u91cd\u8bd5\u6d41\u91cf\u53c8\u6253\u6ee1 Tomcat \u7ebf\u7a0b，\u6700\u7ec8\u62d6\u57ae\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6839\u56e0\u4e0d\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u592a\u5c11，\u800c\u662f\u961f\u5217\u5bb9\u91cf\u548c\u6700\u5927\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u89e6\u53d1\u6761\u4ef6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u00a0ThreadPoolExecutor\u00a0\u7684\u6269\u5bb9\u903b\u8f91\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86：\u53ea\u6709\u961f\u5217\u6ee1\u4e86\u624d\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u975e\u6838\u5fc3\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002\u4f60\u914d\u7684\u00a0maximumPoolSize=200\u00a0\u5728\u961f\u5217\u5bb9\u91cf 10000 \u9762\u524d，\u5c31\u662f\u5e9f\u7eb8\u4e00\u5f20\u3002<\/p>\n

1.1 \u6e90\u7801\u7ea7\u9a8c\u8bc1：\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u201c\u5047\u6269\u5bb9\u201d\u9677\u9631<\/h4>\n

\u770b\u00a0ThreadPoolExecutor.execute()\u00a0\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91（JDK 17）：<\/p>\n

public void execute(Runnable command) {
\n int c = ctl.get();
\n \/\/ 1. \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570 < corePoolSize：\u76f4\u63a5\u521b\u5efa\u6838\u5fc3\u7ebf\u7a0b
\n if (workerCountOf(c) < corePoolSize) {
\n if (addWorker(command, true))
\n return;
\n c = ctl.get();
\n }
\n \/\/ 2. \u6838\u5fc3\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5df2\u6ee1：\u5148\u5165\u961f，\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5efa\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b！
\n if (isRunning(c) && workQueue.offer(command)) {
\n int recheck = ctl.get();
\n if (! isRunning(recheck) && remove(command))
\n reject(command);
\n else if (workerCountOf(recheck) == 0)
\n addWorker(null, false);
\n }
\n \/\/ 3. \u961f\u5217\u6ee1\u4e86：\u624d\u5c1d\u8bd5\u521b\u5efa\u975e\u6838\u5fc3\u7ebf\u7a0b
\n else if (!addWorker(command, false))
\n reject(command); \/\/ \u961f\u5217\u6ee1 + \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u8fbe maximumPoolSize \u624d\u62d2\u7edd
\n}<\/p>\n

\u5173\u952e\u70b9：\u6b65\u9aa4 2 \u7684\u00a0workQueue.offer()\u00a0\u662f\u65e0\u754c\u961f\u5217\u65f6\u6c38\u8fdc\u8fd4\u56de\u00a0true，\u6b65\u9aa4 3 \u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u3002\u4f60\u914d\u7684\u00a0maximumPoolSize\u00a0\u5f62\u540c\u865a\u8bbe\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5，\u53c2\u6570\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u591a\u5c11\u7ebf\u7a0b\u201d，\u800c\u662f\u201c\u961f\u5217\u6709\u591a\u957f\u201d\u3002\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\u76f4\u63a5\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6700\u5927\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4，\u800c\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\u76f4\u63a5\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u63a5\u53e3\u7684 SLA \u80fd\u5426\u8fbe\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u771f\u5b9e QPS \u6f14\u7b97：\u4ece\u4e1a\u52a1\u6307\u6807\u5012\u63a8\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u53c2\u6570<\/h3>\n

\u73b0\u5728\u8fdb\u5165\u6b63\u9898\u3002\u5047\u8bbe order-service \u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u63a5\u53e3：\u521b\u5efa\u8ba2\u5355\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u5b83\u5355\u72ec\u914d\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60（\u7edd\u4e0d\u5171\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u00a0commonPool）\u3002<\/p>\n

2.1 \u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65：\u660e\u786e\u786c\u6027\u6307\u6807<\/h4>\n\n\n\u6307\u6807\u503c\u6765\u6e90<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
\u76ee\u6807 QPS<\/td>\n500<\/td>\n\u4e1a\u52a1\u65b9\u627f\u8bfa\u7684\u5cf0\u503c\u6d41\u91cf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u63a5\u53e3 RT \u7684 TP99<\/td>\n\u2264 300ms<\/td>\nSLA \u5408\u540c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
RT \u7684 TP999<\/td>\n\u2264 500ms<\/td>\n\u5185\u90e8\u7ea2\u7ebf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4efb\u52a1\u6784\u6210<\/td>\n30% CPU \u8ba1\u7b97（JSON \u5e8f\u5217\u5316+\u6821\u9a8c），70% IO（DB \u5199\u5165 + Redis \u7f13\u5b58 + MQ \u53d1\u9001）<\/td>\n\u94fe\u8def\u8ffd\u8e2a\u6570\u636e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u6ce8\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u8bef\u533a：\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u7528\u201cIO \u5bc6\u96c6\u578b = 2 * CPU \u6838\u6570\u201d\u6765\u7b97\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u516c\u5f0f\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u7eaf IO，\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4efb\u52a1\u91cc\u603b\u6709 CPU \u7247\u6bb5\u3002\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u6309\u4efb\u52a1\u7684 CPU \u5360\u6bd4\u505a\u52a0\u6743\u3002<\/p>\n

2.2 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65：\u8ba1\u7b97\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u541e\u5410\u4e0a\u9650<\/h4>\n

\u5148\u770b\u5355\u6b21\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u8017\u65f6\u3002\u6839\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u8ffd\u8e2a，\u4e00\u6b21\u521b\u5efa\u8ba2\u5355\u7684\u8017\u65f6\u5206\u89e3：<\/p>\n

    \n
  • CPU \u7247\u6bb5：15ms（\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u8ba2\u5355\u5bf9\u8c61 + \u53c2\u6570\u6821\u9a8c + \u7b7e\u540d\u8ba1\u7b97）<\/li>\n
  • IO \u7247\u6bb5：65ms（DB \u63d2\u5165 30ms + Redis \u5199\u7f13\u5b58 10ms + MQ \u53d1\u9001 25ms）<\/li>\n
  • \u603b\u8017\u65f6：80ms<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u5173\u952e\u5047\u8bbe：IO \u7b49\u5f85\u671f\u95f4，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4f1a\u91ca\u653e CPU，\u6240\u4ee5\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u541e\u5410\u7387\u4e0d\u662f\u00a01000\/80 = 12.5 TPS，\u800c\u662f\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e CPU \u7247\u6bb5\u7684\u5360\u6bd4\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6bcf\u79d2\u80fd\u5904\u7406\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570 \u2248\u00a01000ms \/ CPU\u7247\u6bb5\u8017\u65f6 = 1000 \/ 15 \u2248 66.7 TPS（\u524d\u63d0\u662f IO \u4e0d\u6210\u4e3a\u74f6\u9888，\u4e14 CPU \u6838\u6570\u5145\u8db3）\u3002<\/p>\n

    2.3 \u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65：\u7528 Little's Law \u53cd\u63a8\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570<\/h4>\n

    Little's Law：L = \u03bb * W，\u5373\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5e73\u5747\u4efb\u52a1\u6570 = \u5230\u8fbe\u7387 \u00d7 \u5e73\u5747\u505c\u7559\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u76ee\u6807 QPS（\u03bb）= 500<\/li>\n
    • \u671f\u671b\u7684\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u8017\u65f6（W）= 300ms = 0.3s（TP99 \u76ee\u6807）<\/li>\n
    • \u9700\u8981\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u4efb\u52a1\u6570（L）= 500 \u00d7 0.3 =\u00a0150<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740，\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cc\u540c\u65f6\u6709 150 \u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u5728\u5904\u7406\/\u6392\u961f，\u624d\u80fd\u652f\u6491 500 QPS \u4e14 TP99 \u2264 300ms\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u4f46\u6ce8\u610f：\u8fd9 150 \u662f\u201c\u5904\u7406\u4e2d + \u6392\u961f\u4e2d\u201d\u7684\u603b\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a（\u7406\u60f3\u72b6\u6001），\u90a3\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u5c31\u662f 150\u3002\u4f46\u73b0\u5b9e\u662f：<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd 100% \u5fd9\u788c（\u6709\u521b\u5efa\/\u9500\u6bc1\/\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u5f00\u9500）<\/li>\n
      • \u6d41\u91cf\u6709\u6bdb\u523a，\u9700\u8981\u961f\u5217\u5438\u6536\u6ce2\u52a8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u6240\u4ee5\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u7684\u4e0b\u9650\u662f 150，\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7559\u51fa 20% \u7684\u7f13\u51b2：<\/p>\n

        \/\/ \u7406\u8bba\u6700\u5c0f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570（\u57fa\u4e8e Little's Law）
        \nint minThreads = (int) Math.ceil(targetQps * targetRtSec);
        \n\/\/ \u52a0\u4e0a 20% \u7684\u7f13\u51b2，\u5e94\u5bf9\u6d41\u91cf\u6bdb\u523a
        \nint coreThreads = (int) Math.ceil(minThreads * 1.2); \/\/ 180<\/p>\n

        2.4 \u7b2c\u56db\u6b65：\u7528 CPU \u5360\u6bd4\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u662f\u5426\u5408\u7406<\/h4>\n

        \u73b0\u5728\u9a8c\u8bc1：180 \u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6709 15ms CPU \u7247\u6bb5，\u603b CPU \u9700\u6c42\u662f\u591a\u5c11？<\/p>\n

        \u6bcf\u79d2 CPU \u603b\u9700\u6c42 = 180 \u7ebf\u7a0b \u00d7 (15ms \/ 1000) \u00d7 (500 QPS \/ 180 \u5e76\u53d1)
        \n = 500 QPS \u00d7 15ms = 7.5 CPU \u79d2\/\u79d2<\/p>\n

        \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4，\u9700\u8981\u5927\u7ea6 7.5 \u4e2a CPU \u6838\u624d\u80fd\u652f\u6491 500 QPS \u7684 CPU \u7247\u6bb5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u90e8\u7f72\u673a\u5668\u662f 8 \u6838，\u90a3 CPU \u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u7ea6 94%，\u504f\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u6240\u4ee5，\u8981\u4e48\u52a0\u673a\u5668（16 \u6838），\u8981\u4e48\u964d\u4f4e\u76ee\u6807 RT，\u8981\u4e48\u4f18\u5316 CPU \u7247\u6bb5（\u6bd4\u5982\u7528\u00a0StringBuilder\u00a0\u66ff\u4ee3 JSON \u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u00a0ObjectMapper\u00a0\u91cd\u590d\u521b\u5efa）\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u7ed3\u8bba：\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u4e0d\u662f\u62cd\u8111\u888b\u5b9a\u7684，\u5b83\u53d7\u9650\u4e8e CPU \u6838\u6570\u3002\u516c\u5f0f\u662f：<\/p>\n

        \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570 \u2264 (CPU \u6838\u6570 \u00d7 1000) \/ \u5355\u4efb\u52a1 CPU \u7247\u6bb5\u8017\u65f6 \u00d7 CPU \u5229\u7528\u7387\u4e0a\u9650<\/p>\n

        \u5bf9\u4e8e 8 \u6838\u673a\u5668\u300170% CPU \u5229\u7528\u7387\u4e0a\u9650\u300115ms CPU \u7247\u6bb5：<\/p>\n

        \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570 \u2264 (8 \u00d7 1000) \/ 15 \u00d7 0.7 \u2248 373<\/p>\n

        180 \u8fdc\u4f4e\u4e8e 373，\u6240\u4ee5\u00a0CPU \u4e0d\u662f\u74f6\u9888，IO \u7b49\u5f85\u624d\u662f，180 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

        2.5 \u7b2c\u4e94\u6b65：\u7b97\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6（\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u3001\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u7684）<\/h4>\n

        \u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u6392\u961f\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u6ee1\u8d1f\u8377\u8fd0\u8f6c，\u65b0\u4efb\u52a1\u5230\u8fbe\u65f6，\u5982\u679c\u6240\u6709 180 \u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u90fd\u5fd9，\u4efb\u52a1\u5c31\u8fdb\u961f\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u6392\u961f\u65f6\u95f4 = \u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6 \/ \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u5904\u7406\u901f\u7387<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \u5904\u7406\u901f\u7387 = 180 \u7ebf\u7a0b \/ 80ms（\u5355\u4efb\u52a1\u603b\u8017\u65f6）\u2248 2250 TPS（\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u9650）<\/li>\n
        • \u76ee\u6807 QPS = 500，\u6240\u4ee5\u5269\u4f59\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b = 2250 – 500 = 1750 TPS<\/li>\n
        • \u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8ba9\u6392\u961f\u65f6\u95f4 \u2264 50ms（\u56e0\u4e3a\u7aef\u5230\u7aef 300ms \u4e2d，\u5904\u7406\u8017\u65f6 80ms，\u7f51\u7edc\u7b49\u56fa\u5b9a\u5f00\u9500\u7ea6 150ms，\u53ea\u5269 50ms \u7ed9\u6392\u961f）<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6 \u2264 \u6392\u961f\u65f6\u95f4 \u00d7 \u5904\u7406\u901f\u7387 = 0.05s \u00d7 2250 TPS \u2248 112<\/p>\n

          \u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u00a0workQueue\u00a0\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0a\u9650！\u8d85\u8fc7 112，\u6392\u961f\u65f6\u95f4\u5c31\u4f1a\u8d85\u8fc7 50ms，TP99 \u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fbe\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n

          \u53cd\u76f4\u89c9\u70b9：\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u914d\u00a0LinkedBlockingQueue(10000)，\u4ee5\u4e3a\u961f\u5217\u5927 = \u541e\u5410\u9ad8\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u961f\u5217\u8d8a\u5927，RT \u8d8a\u5dee，\u56e0\u4e3a\u8bf7\u6c42\u5728\u961f\u5217\u91cc\u7b49\u5230\u8d85\u65f6\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u961f\u5217\u6ee1\u4e4b\u524d，maximumPoolSize\u00a0\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n

          2.6 \u7b2c\u516d\u6b65：\u786e\u5b9a maximumPoolSize<\/h4>\n

          maximumPoolSize\u00a0\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5e94\u5bf9\u77ac\u65f6\u6d41\u91cf\u9ad8\u5cf0\u3002\u5f53\u961f\u5217\u6ee1（112）\u65f6，\u5f00\u59cb\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

            \n
          • \u5047\u8bbe\u9ad8\u5cf0\u6d41\u91cf\u662f\u6b63\u5e38\u6d41\u91cf\u7684 3 \u500d = 1500 QPS<\/li>\n
          • \u6b64\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u7684\u603b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570 = 1500 \u00d7 0.3s = 450<\/li>\n
          • \u4f46 CPU \u6838\u6570\u9650\u5236（8\u6838）\u4e0b\u6700\u591a\u7ea6 373 \u7ebf\u7a0b<\/li>\n
          • \u6240\u4ee5\u00a0maximumPoolSize = min(450, 373) \u2248 370<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \u6700\u7ec8\u53c2\u6570：<\/p>\n

            ThreadPoolExecutor orderCreatePool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(
            \n 180, \/\/ corePoolSize：\u652f\u6491 500 QPS \u7a33\u6001\u6d41\u91cf
            \n 370, \/\/ maximumPoolSize：\u652f\u6491 1500 QPS \u5cf0\u503c，\u53d7\u9650\u4e8e CPU
            \n 60, TimeUnit.SECONDS, \/\/ \u975e\u6838\u5fc3\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7a7a\u95f2\u56de\u6536
            \n new LinkedBlockingQueue<>(112), \/\/ \u961f\u5217\u6700\u591a\u5bb9\u7eb3 112 \u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1，\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6392\u961f \u2264 50ms
            \n new NamedThreadFactory("order-create"),
            \n new CallerRunsPolicy() \/\/ \u62d2\u7edd\u7b56\u7565：\u8ba9\u63d0\u4ea4\u7ebf\u7a0b\u81ea\u5df1\u6267\u884c，\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u629b\u5f02\u5e38
            \n);<\/p>\n

            \n

            \u4e09\u3001\u538b\u6d4b\u9a8c\u8bc1：\u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u662f\u7b97\u5b8c\u5c31\u5b8c，\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u6570\u636e\u95ed\u73af<\/h3>\n

            \u7406\u8bba\u7b97\u5b8c，\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0a\u538b\u6d4b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u00a0wrk\u00a0\u6216\u00a0JMeter\u00a0\u6a21\u62df 500 QPS \u6301\u7eed 10 \u5206\u949f，\u89c2\u5bdf\u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n

            3.1 \u538b\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h4>\n\n\n\u573a\u666f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u914d\u7f6eTP99TP999\u62d2\u7edd\u7387CPU \u4f7f\u7528\u7387<\/tr>\n\n\n\n
            \u914d\u7f6e A（\u9ed8\u8ba4\u62cd\u8111\u888b）<\/td>\ncore=10, max=200, queue=10000<\/td>\n850ms<\/td>\n2.3s<\/td>\n0%（\u4f46\u5168\u90e8\u8d85\u65f6）<\/td>\n45%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \u914d\u7f6e B（\u672c\u6587\u6f14\u7b97）<\/td>\ncore=180, max=370, queue=112<\/td>\n285ms<\/td>\n480ms<\/td>\n0.02%（\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7）<\/td>\n72%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \u914d\u7f6e C（\u76f2\u76ee\u52a0\u5927\u7ebf\u7a0b）<\/td>\ncore=500, max=500, queue=0<\/td>\n310ms<\/td>\n620ms<\/td>\n4.5%（\u62d2\u7edd\u8fc7\u591a）<\/td>\n95%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

            \u5206\u6790：<\/p>\n

              \n
            • \u914d\u7f6e A \u7684\u961f\u5217\u592a\u957f，\u8bf7\u6c42\u5168\u5835\u5728\u961f\u5217\u91cc，RT \u4e25\u91cd\u8d85\u6807，\u4f46\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u5374\u201c\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u201d\u5f88\u5065\u5eb7（\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4f4e）\u3002<\/li>\n
            • \u914d\u7f6e B \u7684 TP99 \u8fbe\u6807，\u62d2\u7edd\u7387\u6781\u4f4e，CPU \u6709\u5408\u7406\u4f59\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n
            • \u914d\u7f6e C \u7684\u961f\u5217\u4e3a 0，\u6d41\u91cf\u6bdb\u523a\u4e00\u6765\u76f4\u63a5\u62d2\u7edd，TP999 \u98d9\u5347\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \u5173\u952e\u6d1e\u5bdf：\u914d\u7f6e A \u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5c11，\u800c\u662f\u961f\u5217\u63a9\u76d6\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u76d1\u63a7\u663e\u793a\u201c\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7ebf\u7a0b 30\u201d\u4f1a\u7ed9\u4f60\u865a\u5047\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u611f，\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a 10000 \u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u5728\u961f\u5217\u91cc\u6392\u961f\u7b49\u6b7b\u3002<\/p>\n

              3.2 \u771f\u5b9e\u538b\u6d4b\u4ee3\u7801（\u7528\u4e8e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u53c2\u6570）<\/h4>\n

              \/\/ \u538b\u6d4b\u811a\u672c\u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91：\u6a21\u62df\u771f\u5b9e\u8bf7\u6c42\u5206\u5e03
              \npublic class OrderCreateLoadTest {
              \n public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
              \n ThreadPoolExecutor pool = buildPool(); \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u4e00\u8282\u7684\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n

              \/\/ \u6a21\u62df 500 QPS，\u6301\u7eed 5 \u5206\u949f
              \n ScheduledExecutorService scheduler = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1);
              \n AtomicInteger success = new AtomicInteger();
              \n AtomicInteger fail = new AtomicInteger();
              \n List<Long> latencies = Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<>());<\/p>\n

              scheduler.scheduleAtFixedRate(() -> {
              \n for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++) { \/\/ \u6bcf\u79d2\u63d0\u4ea4 500 \u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1
              \n long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
              \n pool.execute(() -> {
              \n try {
              \n \/\/ \u6a21\u62df\u8ba2\u5355\u521b\u5efa：30% CPU + 70% IO
              \n Thread.sleep(15); \/\/ CPU \u7247\u6bb5
              \n Thread.sleep(65); \/\/ IO \u7b49\u5f85
              \n latencies.add(System.currentTimeMillis() – start);
              \n success.incrementAndGet();
              \n } catch (Exception e) {
              \n fail.incrementAndGet();
              \n }
              \n });
              \n }
              \n }, 0, 1, TimeUnit.SECONDS);<\/p>\n

              \/\/ \u8fd0\u884c 5 \u5206\u949f\u540e\u7edf\u8ba1
              \n Thread.sleep(300_000);
              \n scheduler.shutdownNow();
              \n pool.shutdown();<\/p>\n

              \/\/ \u8ba1\u7b97 TP99 \/ TP999
              \n List<Long> sorted = latencies.stream().sorted().collect(Collectors.toList());
              \n int idx99 = (int)(sorted.size() * 0.99);
              \n int idx999 = (int)(sorted.size() * 0.999);
              \n System.out.printf("QPS=%d, TP99=%dms, TP999=%dms, \u62d2\u7edd\u7387=%.2f%%%n",
              \n success.get() \/ 300, sorted.get(idx99), sorted.get(idx999),
              \n fail.get() * 100.0 \/ (success.get() + fail.get()));
              \n }
              \n}<\/p>\n

              \n

              \u56db\u3001\u53cd\u76f4\u89c9\u6e05\u5355：\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u522b\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60，\u4ee5\u53ca\u6700\u9690\u853d\u7684\u5751<\/h3>\n

              4.1 \u5751 1：CallerRunsPolicy\u00a0\u4e0d\u662f\u4e07\u80fd\u7684<\/h4>\n

              CallerRunsPolicy\u00a0\u5728\u62d2\u7edd\u65f6\u8ba9\u63d0\u4ea4\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b（\u6bd4\u5982 Tomcat \u7ebf\u7a0b）\u81ea\u5df1\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u542c\u8d77\u6765\u5f88\u597d，\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u63d0\u4ea4\u7ebf\u7a0b\u662f Netty \u7684 IO \u7ebf\u7a0b，\u5b83\u4f1a\u963b\u585e\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af，\u5bfc\u81f4\u6574\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

              \u6b63\u786e\u59ff\u52bf：\u5982\u679c\u63d0\u4ea4\u7ebf\u7a0b\u662f IO \u7ebf\u7a0b，\u7528\u00a0DiscardOldestPolicy\u00a0+ \u76d1\u63a7\u544a\u8b66；\u5982\u679c\u662f\u4e1a\u52a1\u7ebf\u7a0b，CallerRunsPolicy\u00a0\u624d\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n

              4.2 \u5751 2：\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u914d\u4e00\u6b21\u7ba1\u7ec8\u8eab\u201d<\/h4>\n

              QPS \u4f1a\u53d8，RT \u4f1a\u53d8，\u4ee3\u7801\u4f1a\u53d8\u3002\u53c2\u6570\u5fc5\u987b\u52a8\u6001\u5316\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u505a\u6cd5：<\/p>\n

                \n
              • \u7528\u00a0ThreadPoolExecutor\u00a0\u7684\u00a0setCorePoolSize()\u00a0\/\u00a0setMaximumPoolSize()\u00a0\u63a5\u53e3，\u914d\u5408\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u5fc3（Apollo\/Nacos）\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u3002<\/li>\n
              • \u4f46\u00a0workQueue\u00a0\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u65e0\u6cd5\u52a8\u6001\u4fee\u6539（LinkedBlockingQueue\u00a0\u7684 capacity \u662f final）\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u961f\u5217\u5bb9\u91cf\u8981\u6309\u672a\u6765 1 \u5e74\u7684\u5cf0\u503c\u6d41\u91cf\u6765\u7b97，\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u6d41\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                4.3 \u5751 3：\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u76d1\u63a7\u5fc5\u987b\u770b\u201c\u6392\u961f\u65f6\u95f4\u201d，\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7ebf\u7a0b\u201d<\/h4>\n

                \u5927\u90e8\u5206\u76d1\u63a7\u9762\u677f\u5c55\u793a\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570，\u4f46\u8fd9\u4f1a\u8bef\u5bfc\u4f60\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u6307\u6807\u662f\u4efb\u52a1\u5728\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4 > 50ms，\u8bf4\u660e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u4e0d\u591f\u6216\u961f\u5217\u592a\u957f，\u9700\u8981\u6269\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n

                4.4 \u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u522b\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60（\u53cd\u76f4\u89c9）<\/h4>\n
                  \n
                • \u5f53\u4f60\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u7eaf CPU \u5bc6\u96c6\u578b（\u5982\u52a0\u5bc6\u3001\u538b\u7f29）：\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570 = CPU \u6838\u6570 + 1，\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u53cd\u800c\u589e\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/li>\n
                • \u5f53\u4f60\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u4f9d\u8d56\u5916\u90e8\u670d\u52a1\u4e14\u5916\u90e8\u670d\u52a1\u4f1a\u7ea7\u8054\u8d85\u65f6：\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u4f1a\u8017\u5c3d，\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u95ee\u9898，\u662f\u65ad\u8def\u5668\u7f3a\u5931\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5148\u52a0\u00a0Resilience4j\u00a0\u6216\u00a0Sentinel，\u518d\u8c03\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n
                • \u5f53\u4f60\u7684 QPS \u6781\u4f4e（< 10）\u4e14 RT \u8981\u6c42\u6781\u9ad8（< 10ms）：\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b（JDK 21）\u6216\u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u7f16\u7a0b，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u6392\u961f\u65f6\u95f4\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002<\/li>\n
                • \u5f53\u4f60\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u77ed\u4efb\u52a1（< 1ms）\u4e14\u63d0\u4ea4\u9891\u7387\u6781\u9ad8：\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u9501\u7ade\u4e89（mainLock）\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u74f6\u9888，\u8003\u8651\u00a0Disruptor\u00a0\u65e0\u9501\u961f\u5217\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  4.5 \u7ec8\u6781\u53cd\u76f4\u89c9\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h4>\n

                  \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u53c2\u6570\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u6839\u672c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u63a7\u5236\u201c\u6392\u961f\u65f6\u95f4\u201d，\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u6700\u5927\u5316\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u628a\u76ee\u6807\u4ece\u201c\u541e\u5410\u201d\u6539\u4e3a\u201c\u5ef6\u8fdf\u201d\u65f6，\u53c2\u6570\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u5c31\u5b8c\u5168\u53d8\u4e86\u2014\u2014\u4f60\u4f1a\u60ca\u8bb6\u5730\u53d1\u73b0，\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u51cf\u5c11\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u53cd\u800c\u80fd\u964d\u4f4e TP99，\u56e0\u4e3a\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u548c\u9501\u7ade\u4e89\u3002<\/p>\n

                  \n

                  \u4e94\u3001\u7cfb\u5217\u9884\u544a\u4e0e\u4e92\u52a8<\/h3>\n

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